VOCAB ENHANCEMENT

SUBJECT: BSSLAW1 SECTION: AC D DATE DUE: 10/22/2022

SANTIAGO, IRISH JOY 20181773@S.UBAGUIO.EDU

ITEM # WORD TECHNICAL MEANING

Item 1: Act 6 ABOVE-CITED Cited before, in the preceding part of a
Case 1 text.
The second and third implements of analysis above cited are of the
nature of cautions
Item 2: Act 5/ Aggregate To collect or gather into a mass or whole
Case 2

We spent an aggregate of 30 million dollars in advertising during the

last three years.
Item 3: Act 6/ Allege To claim that someone has done
Case 1 something illegal or wrong typically
without proof that this is the case.
The mayor is alleged to have accepted bribes.
Item 4: Act5, Amortization The action or process of gradually writing
Case 1 off the initial cost of an asset

Surplus revenues enabled the amortization of its debt; and by 1852

the revenue exceeded three million dollars annually.
Item 5: Act 5. Anent Concerning; as regards; about
Case 2

The main object of his official progress was to collect information

for new legislation anent the municipalities.
Item 6: Act 5, Antedated Precede in time; come before something
Case 2 in date
This celebration antedates the success of their court hearing.
Item 7: Act 6, Agrarian Relating to cultivated land or the
Case 1 cultivation of land.
People are leaving an agrarian way of life to go to the city.
Item 8: Act 6, Asserted Such a factor belief confidently and
Case 2 forcefully.
The boss was reluctant to assert his authority over his employees.
Item 9: Act 5, Averred To state positively.
Case 2 He averred that he was innocent.
Item 10: Act 5, Barred Closed or secured with a long rod, metal
Case 2 or similar material
The police barred the exits in an attempt to prevent the terrorist's
escape.
Item 11: Acr 5, Bolster Support or strenghten
case 2
The stated rationale is to widen access, reduce brain drain, bolster
research capabilities and maximize the competitiveness of the sector.

Item 12Act 5, Breach An act of breaking or failing to observe a

Case 1 law, agreement or code of conduct
The judge ruled that the doctor's actions were in breach of her
contractual duty.
Item 13: Act 5, Cogent Clear, logical and convincing
Case The group of lawyers worked hard to put forward a cogent case.
Item 14: Act 5, Conjectures An opinion formed on the basis of
Case 1 incomplete information.
The future of the province remains a matter of conjecture.
Item 15:Act 5, Construed Interpreted in a particular way.
Case 1 The defendant made sure not to be construed in a negative way by
the judge and the jury.
Item 16: Act 6, Consummation The point at which something is complete
Case 1 or finalized
His wife divorced him for failing to consummate their marriage.
Item 17: Act 6, Court a quo The Latin phrase a quo means “from
Case1 which”. Accordingly, the court a quo is
the court in which the matter was first
heard, or the court from which an appeal
or review is being heard.
The court " a quo "'s finding in this case had already come under
some criticism before it was heard on appeal.
Item 18: Act 5, Covenants A usually, formal, solemn and binding
Case 1 agreement.
If he did not get that, he would not be in a position to enforce his
covenants against his tenant.

Item 19: Act 5, Culminating To reach the highest or a climactic or

Case 2 decisive point.
Their efforts have culminated in the discovery of a new cancer
treatment.
Item 20: Act 5, Dacion The legal act of giving or conferring.
Case 1 Culla was an equitable mortgage, insisting that the transaction was a
dacion
Item 21L Act 6, Dacion en Pago the delivery and transmission of
Case 2 ownership of a thing by the debtor to the
creditor as an accepted equivalent of the
performance of an existing obligation.
The bank agreed to the dacion en pago.
Item 22: Act 6, Defraud Illefaly obtain money from someone by
Case 2 deception
He used a false identity to defraud the bank of thousands of dollars

Item 23: Act 5, Delegation The state of serving as an official and

Case 1 authorized delegate or agent.
We sent a delegation of four people to visit their church.
Item 24: Act 6, Demobilizatoin The act of disbanding an operation or
Case 1 taking machinery, people etc. out of
active service
In ordinary circumstances, the demobilization, following upon the
naval exercises, was to have begun on this Monday morning.
Item 25: Act 5, Deviate Doing something that is different from
Case 1 what people consider to be normal or
acceptable.
They stopped you as soon as you deviated from the script.
Item 26Act 6, Docket A brief written summary of a document
Case 2 There is no close relationship between the number of dockets and
number of offenders.
Item 27: Act 6, Dolo Causante fraud in the perfection of the contract.
Case 2 If the fraud did not compel the imputing party to give his or her
consent, it may not serve as the basis to annul the contract; which
exhibits dolo causante.
Item 28: Acr 6, Dolo Incidente fraud incident to the performance of
Case 2 obligation
The fraud here is dolo incidental because it is committed to the
existing contract.
Item 29: Act 5, Encumbrances A burden or impediment.
Case 2 He has no patience for the irritations and encumbrances of celebrity.

Item 30: Act 6, Endeavors Try hard to do or achieve something.

Case 1 Perhaps we should endeavor to approach our problem together.
Item 31: Act 6. Ensued Happen or occur afterward or as a result/
Case 2
The police officer said that he had placed the man under arrest and
that a scuffle had ensued.
Item 32: Act 5, Equitable Fair and impartial
Case 1 This equitable arrangement was accepted by the estates forthwith.
Item 33: Act 5, Escalation A situation in which something becomes
Case 1 greater or more serious.
Both countries mobilized their armies, but pressure from the
international community averted further escalation.
Item 34: Act 6, Estates possessions, property. especially : a
Case 1 person's property in land and tenements. a
man of small estate
He had his own royal estates, his private property and dues from all
Item 35: Act 6, Evidentiary Being, relating to, or affording evidence
Case1 photographs of evidentiary value.
The evidentiary community in favour of local languages was lacking
in this context.
Item 36: Act 5, Executrix a woman who will serve as the executor
Case 2 of a person's last will and testament upon
their death.
His widow claimed under his life insurance policy as executrix.
Item 37Act 6, Exemplary Describing imitation: commendable;
Case 1 deserving imitation due to excellence

The editorial care involved in the arrangement of the ar ticles is

exemplary.
Item 38: Act 5, Expromision An act of binding oneself for another's
Case 1 debt and thereby releasing them from
obligation.
There is expromission if debtor is released
Item 39: Acr 5, Fraudulent Intended to deceive people for the
Case 1 purpose of obtaining money or property.

The fraudulent copying of American software

Item 40: Act 5, In Seriatim In a seriec; one after another in regular
Case 2 order.
The course he should propose would be to take up the evidence and
decide upon the facts seriatim.
Item 41: Act 5, Indefinitely For an unlimited or unkown amount of
Case 1 time.
The visit has now been postponed indefinitely.
Item 42: Act 6, Indisputely In a way that cannot be challenged or
Case 2 denied.
His patriotism is as indisputable as his genius.
Item 43: Act 6, Infringement An action that breaks a rule or law.
Case 2 They see it as an infringement on their own freedom of action
Item 44: Act 6, Injunctions A writ granted by a court or equity where
Case 2 by one is required to do or to refrain from
doing a specified act.
The court has issued an injunction to prevent the airline from
increasing its prices.
Item 45: Act 6. Insiduous Something unpleasant or dangerous;
Case 2 gradually and secretly causing harm.

He experienced the insidious influence of the corporate culture.

Item 46: Act 5, Instance A particular situation event, or factm
Case 1 For instance, you may manufacture widgets from lightweight plastic.

Item 47: Act 6, Jibe to be in accord

Case 2 Her story just doesn't jibe with what the other witnesses say.
Item 48: Act . Laches unreasonable delay in making an assertion
Case 2 or claim, such as asserting a right,
claiming a privilege, or making an
application for redress, which may result
in refusal.
he majority did indeed invoke laches, but only as to three of the four
categories.
Item 49: Act 5, Liens a right to keep possession of property
Case 2 belonging to another person until a debt
owed by that person is discharged.
He had a state tax lien of $5,379, of which he now owes $32.70.

Item 50: Act 5, Liquidated The act of determining the cash value of
Case 2 some debt or damage
The owners were ordered to liquidate the company and pay their
creditors.
Item 51: Act 6, Malevolent having or showing a wish to do evil to
Case 1 others.
To start off, instead of one murderer versus a band of four survivors,
in Texas Chain Saw Massacre four victims face off against three
malevolent attackers.
Item 52: Act 6, Memoranda a document recording the terms of a
Case 1 contract or other legal details.
The lawyer sent long memoranda describing the meetings.
Item 53: Act 5, Memorandum used to communicate something of
Case immediate importance to people within a
business or organization.
The company president sent a memorandum [=(less formally)
memo] to each employee.
Item 54: Act 6, Mobilization the action of a country or its government
Case 1 preparing and organizing troops for active
service.
Mobilization of the army in 1941 brought 2,500,000 men under arm

Item 55: Act , Monetary relating to money, especially the total

Case 2 amount of money in a country.
The crime was cpmmitted for monetary gain.
Item 56: Act 6, Necessitated force or compel (someone) to do
Case something.
A prolonged drought had necessitated the introduction of water
rationing.
Item 57: Act 5, Non-waiver helps to prevent the parties from
Case 1 inadvertently waiving their contractual
rights through their actions.
It is stated in the contract that a non waiveer shall be effective unless
made in writing and signed by an authorized representative of the
waiving party.
Item 58 Act 5, Novation an agreement made between two
Case 1 contracting parties to allow for the
substitution of a new party for an existing
one.
When the bride's wedding designer went out of business before
completing her dress, she made a novation to another designer for a
similar cost.
Item 59: Act 5, Offset reduction in the amount of a judgment
case 2 granted to a losing party based on debts
owed by the prevailing party to the losing
party.
As a defense, the debtor claims an offset of Php 10,000 for alleged
funds owned by A company for repairs the debtor made on a proerty
owned by the company.
Item 60: Act 6, Opined to state an opinion or express an opinion
Case 1 or to judge.
Citizens are free to opine on current issues.
Item 61: Act6 , Opt make a choice from a range of
Case 1 possibilities.
Potential witnesses can opt to give a statement or not .
Item 62: Act6 , Palpable Easily perceptible, plain, obvious, readily
Case 1 visible, noticeable, patent, distinct,
manifest.
It was palbable that the defendant was not remorseful with his
actions.
Item 63: Act 6, Pertinent relevant or applicable to a particular
Case 2 matter; apposite.
The prosecutor had askeed the witness some pertinent questions.
Item 64: Act 6, Petition a formal written request, typically one
Case 2 signed by many people, appealing to
authority with respect to a particular
cause.
There has been numerous petitions written to the court regarding the
investigation on the discrimination happening in the company.
Item 65: Act 5, Postulated a statement or claim assumed to be true
Case 2 especially as the basis of a process of
reasoning.
Those who postulate other reasons for the withdrawal are simply
wrong.
Item 66: Act 5, Precipitated cause (an event or situation, typically one
Case 1 that is bad or undesirable) to happen
suddenly, unexpectedly, or prematurely.

The incident precipitated a politcal crisis.

Item 67: Act 5 / prevent from happening; make
Case 1 Precluded impossible.
She suffered an injury that precluded the possibility of an athletic
career.
Item 68: Act 5, Preparatory serving as or carrying out preparation for
Case 2 a task or undertaking.
The new employees have been sent to train in preparation for the
new strategies to implemented by the company.
Item 69: Act 6, Preponderance the quality or fact of being greater in
Case 1 number, quantity, or importance.
Item 69: Act 6,
Case 1
A large preponderance in the industry were men.
Item 70: Act 5, Pre-Terminate before termination of something (such as
Case 1 a service or contract)
The workers received a pretermination notice from the electric
company
Item 71: Acr 5,, Prima Facie based on the first impression; accepted as
Case 1 correct until proved otherwise.
A prima facie case of professional misconduc
Item 72: Act 6, Ratified sign or give formal consent to (a treaty,
Case 1 contract, or agreement), making it
officially valid.
Both countries were due to ratify the treaty by the end of the year.
Item 73: Act 5, Rebuffed reject (someone or something) in an
Case 1 abrupt or ungracious manner.
The defendant continued to rebuff the claims of the prosecutor.
Item 74: Act 6, Reciprocal (of an agreement or obligation) bearing
Case 1 on or binding each of two parties equally.

The treaty is a bilateral commitment with reciprocal rights and

Item 75: Act 5, Reckoned establish by counting or calculation;
Case 2 calculate.
The company's debt was reckoned at Php 5,860,000.
Item 76: Act 5, Relinquishment the act of giving up and abandoning a
Case 1 struggle or task etc
He relinquished his managerial role to become chief executive.
Item 77: Act 5, Renuntiatio non A novation is not presumed.
Case 1 Praesumitor
They are deemed not [to] have waived any of their rights.
Renuntiatio non praesumitur.

Item 78: Act 6, Repugnant a contradiction or inconsistency between

Case 2 clauses of the same document, deed, or
contract, or between allegations of the
same pleading.
It may be a violation, but it is repugnant to the spirit of the law.
Item 79: Act 6, Rescind revoke, cancel, or repeal (a law, order, or
Case 2 agreement
Item 79: Act 6,
Case 2
The navy rescinded its ban on women sailors.
Item 80: Act 6, Restraining ntended to keep someone under control or
Case 2 The acts were directed to restrain the lending of money at usurious
rates.
Item 81: Act 6, Sanction a threatened penalty for disobeying a law
Case 2 or rule.
The government has sanctioned the use of force.
Item 82: Act 6, Sic In such manner; so; thus.
Case 1 A story must hold a child's interest and “enrich his [sic] life
Item 83: Act 5, Steadfast resolutely or dutifully firm and
Case 1 The defendant, who had killed her sbuser, remained steadfast that
Item 84: Act 5, Stoppage an instance of movement, activity, or
Case 1 supply stopping or being stopped.
The result of the air raid was complete stoppage of production
Item 85: Act5, Subrogating to put in the place of another
Case 1 . We advise insurers on subrogated claims where recovery is sought
Item 86: Act 5, Subsistence the state of remaining in force or effect.
Case 1 rights of occupation normally only continue during the subsistence
of the marriage
Item 87: Act 6, Summons serve (someone) with a summons.
Case 2 The manager had been summoned to appear in court next month due
Item 88: Act 6, Superintendent a person who manages or superintends an
Case 1 The rural schools are supervised by a superintendent in each county.

Item 89: Act 5, Surmises suppose that something is true without

Case 1 Charles was glad to have his surmise confirmed
Item 90: Act 5, Tantamount equivalent in seriousness to; virtually the
Case 1 same as.
The resignations were tantamount to an admission of guilt
Item 91: Act 6, Unconscionable not right or reasonable.
Case 2 A high rate of interest is not always unconscionable. I
Item 92: Act 6, Undervaluation the act of deciding or saying that
Case 2` something is less valuable or important
than it really
Their offer is a gross undervaluation is: shares.
of our
Item 93: Act 5, Unequivocal leaving no doubt; unambiguous.
CASE 2 The prime minister had the party's unequivocal support.
Item 94: Act 6, Unrecouped unrecouped (not comparable) Not
Case 1 recouped.
She gets $ 28 million, walks away from a huge unrecouped balance.

Item 95: Act 5, Vis-à-vis in relation to; with regard to.

Case 2 Many agencies now have a unit to deal with women's needs vis-à-vis
employment.
Item 96: Act 6, Viz namely; in other words (used to introduce
Case 2 a gloss or explanation).
We both shared the same ambition, viz., to make a lot of money and
to retire at 40.
Item 97: Act 5, Voidable capable of being nullified or invalidated.
Case 2 · A lease by or to an infant is voidable at his option. ·
Item 98: Act 6, Wanton (of a cruel or violent action) deliberate
Case 1 and unprovoked.
Vandals were guilty of the wanton destruction of the school
property.
Item 99: Act 5, Wit mental sharpness and inventiveness; keen
Case 1 intelligence.
He does not lack perception or native wit
Item 100: Act 6, Zealously having or showing zeal.
Case 1 The council was extremely zealous in the application of the
regulations.