DESIGN OF SPREAD FOOTING Problem: Design a spread footing for a column 600 mm x 600 mm in section to carry a deadload of 1850 KN and a liveload of 1150 kN. Assume the allowable soil pressure at service load to be 260 kPa. Use f= 20.7 MPa and f, = 276 MPa. Solution: Step 1. Proportion footing dimensions a) Unfactored Column load ¥ P= DL +LL = 1850 + 1150= 3000 kN | b) Assume weight of footing to be 10% of column load 'W = 0.10(3000) = 300 kN ©) Total load supported by soil ae R = 3000 + 300 = 3300 KN 4) Required footing area = R300 ¢) Footing dimension B=VA=J262-356m ff ‘i use 3.60 m x 3.60 m footing f) Actual area of footing A= 3.60(3.60) = 12.96 m* 8) Factored column load P, = 1.4(1850) +1.7(1150) = 4545 kN h) Net ultimate upward pressure 060m |B Step 2. Compute "d" for beam shear P a) Factored shear V,, = (net ultimate upward pressure)(tributary area) V,, =350.69(3.60X1.5—d) kN V, =1262.48(1.5-d) KN fe b) Shear capacity at critical section OY, = G11 6) f.bd wv, =0.85(1/6)¥20.7 (3.6)(d){1000) kN $V, =2320.36d KN c) Equate factored shear to shear capacity and compute "d" V, <9¥,. (criteria for adequacy) 1262.48(1.5-d) =2320.36d d=0.529m q. = 350.69 kPa Critical seetion for wideStep 3. Compute "d” for punching shear a) Factored shear ¥. = (net ultimate upward pressure)tributary area) ¥, =350.69.602 ~(0.6+d)"| kn ¥, =350.69(12.6"1.2d-d?) kN b) Shear capacity at critical section* = MUI frbgd ¥_ = 0.85(1/3}/20.7 4(0.6 + d)(d(1000) kN OV, = 5156.36(0.6d +d?) kN ©) Equate factored shear to shear capacity and compute “d” ¥, < $V. (criteria for adequacy) 0.65126 +1.24-a 156.36(0.6d +d?) 15.7034 +10.022d~12.6=0 d=0.632m (controls) ‘Therefore use d= 650 mm Step 4. Compute flexural ste! a) Factored moment M, = 350.65(1.5\3.6)(0.75) = 1420.29 kN-m b) Moment resistance coefficient M, ___142029x10° b. ————., = 1.038 MPa od? 0,90(3600X650)* ©) Strength ratio == 28. is.556 —— O.8sf. 0.85(20.7) Critica section 4) Required stee! ratio for moment 1 2Rym =the h = 0.00388 @ sf 1 ty | ©) Minimum steel ratio 3.60 O25Vfe 14 a2 (actos. Prin ra % 25V207 , 14 Prin =—376 > 276 150m |0.60) 1.50m Prin = 0.00412 2 0.00507 4.p=4(0.00388) = 0.00517 Therefore use p= 0.00507 5 ae pbd = 0.00507(3600650) = 11864 mm? using 25 mm $bars, 45 =/§(25)? = 490mn" n= Ae 2 1864 94.2, use25-25 mm ¢ bars bothways 4902) Check spacing of bars _b=2e-ndy _ 3600-2(75)-25(25) nt 25-1 desirable spacing, 75<.s < 200mm, OK! s =117 mm h) Check development length a@=10 B=12 y=10 A=10 ctKy, _75+0 d «25 =3.0525 3fyapa .0) simplified formula: £4. = BSyaBA _ 3276Y(1.0)0.2K1-0) _ 43.63 4 le 520.7 Ly = 43,68(25)= 1092 mm, min Ly =300mm La fom =1500-75=1425 mm> 1092 mm OK! Step 5. Solve dowel requirements Note: Compute dowel bars when the column is axially loaded only. When the column carries axial plus bending loads, the usual practice is to embed all the vertical column bars into the footing thus dowel computation is omitted. a) factored bearing stress. Io P, - 4545(1000) _ = 12.62 MPa cy (600)? b) bearing capacity Se=@85fefhTh fazTA $2.0 A, Yoo" “f = 0.70(0.85)(20.7(2.0) = 24.63 MPa > 12.62 MPa ©) minimum dowel requirement min A, = 0.0054, = 0.005(600)? = 1800 mm? using 20 mm @ bars, 4, = (20)? =314mm* wa 25.3, use 8 - 20 mm @ bars for symmetry 3 > 2.0, use 2.0 Lg = 0.04d; f, = 0:04(20(276) = 220 mm min L, =200mmStep 6. Check weight of footing 8) thickness of footing = 650+100= 750mm b) volume of footin Vy =3.60(3.60\0.75) =9.72 m? ©) weight of footing Wy = (23.5 kN/m?\(9.72 m) = 229.42 KN <300 KN OK! Step 7. Details 3.60 m *Check also with the following formulas: y, ai(eZ [fibod (411-35) Be a4) [> V, =b{ 242" | [cba (411-36) fe @, =40 for interior columns, 30 for edge columns, 20 for corner columns by = 4(0.6 +d) = 4(0.6+0.65) = 5.00 m 2 BN ee. Sell aalveg aa? =050>4 — noteriti b= a(2-%)-a(2S5°)° 0.60>4 — noteeritical