THE EVOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL TO NEW MEDIA

• PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE
• INDUSTRIAL AGE
• ELECTRONIC AGE
• NEW / INFORMATION AGE

PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE (BEFORE 1700)

People discovered fire, developed paper from plants, and forged weapons and tools with stone, bronze, copper and
iron.

Example Forms of Media:

• Cave paintings (35,000 BC)
• Clay tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC)
• Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC)
• Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC)
• Dibao in China (2nd Century)
• Codex in Mayan region (5th Century)
• Printing press using wood blocks (220 AD)

ACTA DIURNA IN ROME 130 BC

Acta Diurna were daily Roman official notices, a sort of daily gazette. They were carved on stone or metal and
presented in message boards in public places like the Forum of Rome. They were also called simply Acta. The
first form of Acta appeared around 131 BC during the Roman Republic.

CAVE PAINTINGS 35,000 BC

 CLAY TABLETS IN MESOPOTAMIA 2400 BC

Mesopotamia today is the countries of Iraq, Syria, Kuwait, and part of Turkey.

PAPYRUS IN EGYPT 2500 BC

The ancient Egyptians used the stem of the papyrus plant to make sails, cloth, mats, cords, and, above all,
paper. Paper made from papyrus was the chief writing material in ancient Egypt, was adopted by the Greeks,
and was used extensively in the Roman Empire.

Dibao in China (2nd Century)

What is the use of Dibao in China 2nd century?

Dibao contained official political edicts, announcements, and news from the Chinese imperial central
government or local governments, which would be delivered to inform both the central and local
governments by messengers periodically and were intended to be seen only by bureaucrats.
 CODEX IN MAYAN REGION
Maya codices (singular codex) are folding books written by the pre-Columbian Maya civilization in Maya
hieroglyphic script on Mesoamerican bark paper. The folding books are the products of professional scribes
working under the patronage of deities such as the Tonsured Maize God and the Howler Monkey God

PRINTING PRESS USING WOOD BLOCKS

Woodblock printing (or block printing) is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely
throughout East Asia and originating in China in antiquity as a method of printing on textiles and later paper.
 INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700S TO 1930S)

People used the power of steam, developed machine tools, established iron production, and the
manufacturing of various products (including books through the printing press)

Example Forms of Media:

• Printing press for mass production (1900)
• Newspaper- The London Gazette (1740)
• Typewriter (1800)
• Telephone (1876)
• Motion picture photography/projection (1890)
• Commercial motion pictures (1913)
• Motion picture with sound (1926)
• Telegraph
• Punch cards

TELEGRAPH
A telegraph is a communication system that sends information by making and breaking an electrical
connection. It is most associated with sending electrical current pulses along a wire with Morse code
encoding.

TELEPHONE 1876
On March 7, 1876, Alexander Graham Bell successfully received a patent for the telephone and secured
the rights to the discovery. Days later, he made the first ever telephone call to his partner, Thomas Watson
 TYPEWRITER 1800

PRINTING PRESS FOR MASS PRODUCTION

The printing press is a device that allows for the mass production of uniform printed matter, mainly text
in the form of books, pamphlets and newspapers.

MOTION PICTURES 1900S

Note the term used in the early days of the industry: Moving pictures.
In their first phase, motion pictures emphasized just movement. There was no sound, usually no plot and
no story. Just movement. One of the earliest movie shorts was a collection of 15-30 second scenarios
created by the Lumiere Brothers, in France. The first movie "shows," which lasted 5-8 minutes, were a
collection of these short scenes: a train arriving at a station, a man watering his garden, men playing cards,
people getting off of a ferry boat and a street vendor selling his wares. The early Lumiere presentations in
Paris delighted people, drawing huge crowds.
 ELECTRONIC AGE (1930S TO 1980S)

The invention of the transistor ushered in the electronic age. People harnessed the power of transistors that
led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits, and the early computers. In this age, long distance
communication became more efficient.

Example Forms of Media:

• Transistor Radio
• Television (1941)
• Large electronic computers
• Mainframe computers - i.e. IBM 704 (1960)
• OHP, LCD projectors

TRANSISTOR RADIO

A transistor radio is a small portable radio receiver that uses transistor-based circuitry.

The function of transistors in radios is straightforward. Sounds are recorded through a microphone and
turned into electrical signals. Those signals travel through a circuit, and the transistor amplifies the signal,
which is subsequently much louder when it reaches a speaker

TELEVISION 1941

Television, sometimes shortened to TV, is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images
and sound. The term can refer to a television set, or the medium of television transmission. Television is a
mass medium for advertising, entertainment, news, and sports.
 MAINFRAME COMPUTER

LARGE ELECTRONIC COMPUTER

A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe or big iron,[1] is a computer used primarily by large
organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and
consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction processing. A

The term mainframe was derived from the large cabinet, called a main frame.

APPLE 1 COMPUTER

The Apple Computer 1, originally released as the Apple Computer and known later as the Apple I, or Apple-
1, is an 8-bit desktop computer released by the Apple Computer Company (now Apple Inc.) in 1976. It was
designed by Steve Wozniak.

APPLE 2 COMPUTER

Apple II in a common 1977 configuration, with a 9" monochrome monitor, game paddles, and a Red Book-
recommended Panasonic RQ-309DS cassette deck.
 NEW/ INFORMATION AGE (1900S TO 2000S)

The Internet paved the way for faster communication and the creation of the social network. People advanced
the use of microelectronics with the invention of personal computers, mobile devices, and wearable
technology. Moreover, voice, image, sound and data are digitalized. We are now living in the information age.

• Web browsers: Mosaic (1993), Internet Explorer (1995)

• Blogs: Blogspot (1999), Wordpress (2003)
• Social networks: Friendster (2002), Multiply (2003), FB (2004), Instagram
• Microblogs: Twitter (2006), Tumblr (2007)
• Video: YouTube (2005)
• Augmented Reality / Virtual Reality
• Video chat: Skype (2003
• Search Engines: Google (1996), Yahoo (1995)
• Portable computers- laptops (1980), netbooks (2008), tablets (1993)
• Smart phones • Wearable technology
• Cloud and Big Data

PORTABLE LAPTOP 1980

TABLET 1993
FRIENDSTER 2002

MULTIPLY 2003

Multiply was a social networking service with an emphasis on allowing users to share media – such as
photos, videos and blog entries – with their "real-world" network.

MOSAIC 1993

1993: NCSA Mosaic 1.0, the first web browser to achieve popularity among the general public, is released.
With it, the web as we know it begins to flourish.
The web in the early 1990s was mostly text. People were posting images, photos, and audio or video clips
on web pages. But these pieces of "multimedia" were hidden behind links. If you wanted to look at a
picture, you had to click on a link, and the picture would open in a new window.

SKYPE 2003
 GOOGLE 1996

TWITTER 2006

THE FACEBOOK 2004

SMART PHONES
WEARABLE TECHNOLOGIES