Computer Hardware

vs
Computer Software

Module in ALS-Learning Strand 6

Digital Citizenship

url: https://www.sutori.com/story/software-vs-hardware--Z7WjfZgApFKd2hVrUeth5gff

KRYSTAL MAE S. MANZANILLO

Developer

Department of Education ● Schools Division of Tabuk City

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Cordillera Administrative Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TABUK CITY
BCS Compound, Prk 02, Bulanao Norte, Tabuk City

Published by the:
Learning Resource Management and Development System

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
2020

Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49 provides:

“No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
However, prior approval of the government agency of office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.”

This material has been developed for the implementation of K-12 Curriculum through
the Curriculum Implementation Division (CID)—Learning Resource Management and
Development System (LRMDS). It can be reproduced for educational purposes and
the source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the work including creating an edited
version, an enhancement or a supplementary work are permitted provided all original
work is acknowledged and the copyright is attributed. No work may be derived from
this material for commercial purposes and profit.

iiii
 PREFACE

This Module is a project of the Curriculum Implementation Division particularly

the learning Resource Management and Development Unit, Department of Education,
Schools Division of Tabuk City which is in response to the implementation of the K to
12 Curriculum.
This Learning Material is a property of the Department of Education- CID,
Schools Division of Tabuk City. It aims to improve students’ performance specifically
in Computer.

Date of Development : August 2020

Resource Location : Gradual Discovery Elementary School
Northern Tabuk District II
Schools Division of Tabuk City
Learning Area : LS 6 Digital Citizenship
Grade Level : Elementary
Learning Resource Type : Learning Material
Language : English
Quarter/Week : 2rd Quarter
Learning Competency/Code: Explain the difference between computer hardware
and software
LS6DC-DC-PSA-AE-10

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The completion of this module could not have been possible without the help of
many people.

To my School Head Ma’am Olivia O. Tanding for her guidance, the Alternative
Learning System Focal Person, Mrs. Marionette S. Dooma for her inspiring thoughts;
to Mrs. Anacita G. Bongngat, the Education Program Specialist II for ALS for her
unending support; the Education Program Supervisor-LRMDS, Helen B. Orap for her
ideas, explanations and comments, and to Mrs. Corazon Bravo, PSDS-NTD II for his
words of encouragement and to all who contributed in the completion of this
instructional material, thank you.

Above all, thanks to God Almighty for the health, wisdom, guidance, and
blessings He had given for me to complete this learning material.

DEVELOPMENT TEAM
Developer: KRYSTAL MAE S. MANZANILLO

Editors: LORIET L. IYADAN TEOFILA P. AGSUNOD

PDO-II Librarian II
Illustrators:
LILIBETH P. COSIDON ROXANNE MAE SANGDAAN EDEN GRACE BASIWAL
Teacher Teacher Teacher

Reviewers:
OLIVIA A. TANDING MARIONETTE S. SANGDAAN CORAZON BRAVO
School Head EPS – ALS Focal Person PSDS – NTD II

MANAGEMENT TEAM
IRENE S. ANGWAY, PhD, CESO VI
Officer In-charge
Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

FELICIANO L. AGSAOAY Jr, PhD.

Officer In-charge
Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

RAMONCHITO A. SORIANO HELEN B. ORAP

Chief Education Supervisor, CID Education Program Supervisor-LRMDS

iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Cover Page……………………………………………………………………….. i
Copyright Notice …………………………………………………..……...…..…. ii
Preface …………………………………………………………………...…….… iii
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………. …….…... iv
Table of Contents……………………………………………………….……. … v
Title Page…………………………………………………………………………. 1
What I Need To Know …………….……………………………………………. 2
What I Know…………………………………………………………….………. 4
What’s In…………………………………………………………………………. 6
What’s New ………………………...…………………………………………… 7
What’s It………………………………………………………………………….. 8
What’s More……………………………………………………………………… 13
Activity 1……………………………………….……………….…………. 13
Assessment 1…………………………………….................…………… 13
Activity 2…………………………………………………………………… 14
Assessment 2………………………………………………...…………… 14
Activity 3…………………………………………………………………… 15
Assessment 3……………………………………………...……………… 16
What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………… 17
What I Can Do …………………………………………………………………… 18
Assessment …………………...…………………………………………….…… 20
Additional Activities……………………………………………….……………… 21
Answer Key……………………………………………………………………….. 22
Reference Sheet…………………………………………………...…….……… . 23

v
 Computer Hardware
vs
Computer Software

Module in ALS-Learning Strand 6

Digital Citizenship

url: https://www.sutori.com/story/software-vs-hardware--Z7WjfZgApFKd2hVrUeth5gff

KRYSTAL MAE S. MANZANILLO

Developer

Department of Education ● Schools Division of Tabuk City

 What I Need to Know

Welcome to this module! The module contains topic on difference between

computer hardware and software with the following objectives:

1. Identify the parts of a computer.

2. Tell the uses of the computer hardware and software.
3. Explain the difference between a hardware and software.

The activities in the module have been designed to provide you with a better
learning experience. Here is a guide on the parts of the learning module which you
need to understand as you progress in reading and analyzing its content. Enjoy
learning

ICON LABEL DETAIL

What I Need to Know This contain the learning objectives
which you need to accomplish

What I Know This assesses what you know about

the lesson you able to tackle

What’s IN This connects the current lessons

with the previous lessons

What’s New This introduces the lesson through

an activity

What’s It This contains a brief discussion of

the lessons

2
What’s More This are activities to check your
understanding of the lesson

What I Have Learned This summarizes the important ideas

presented in lesson

What I Can Do This is a real life application of what

you have learned

Assessment This is a post assessment of what

you have learned

Additional Activities This is an activity that will strengthen

your knowledge about the lesson

3
 What I Know

Direction: Test yourself how much you already know about computer
hardware and software. Read each question and write your answers in a
separate sheet.

1. It is a part of a computer that you can see or touch.

a. computer b. graphics c. hardware d. software

2. It processes the information entered the computer.

a. computer b. graphics c. hardware d. software

3. The brain of computer is the _____________.

a. Memory
b. Read-Only Memory
c. Central Processing Unit
d. Random-Access Memory

4. When writing a thank you letter, you use the _____________.

a. Microsoft Word
b. Microsoft Excel
c. Microsoft Publisher
d. Microsoft PowerPoint

5. The following are kinds of the computer hardware except:

a. graphics
b. keyboard
c. modem
d. scanner

6. The following are kinds of computer software except:

a. graphics
b. presentation
c. scanner
d. web authoring

7. It is a processing software which is used for writing letters, essay, and

notes.
a. Microsoft Word
b. Microsoft Excel
c. Microsoft Publisher
d. Microsoft PowerPoint

4
8. The _____________ is the vertical line on the screen that shows where
a letter may be typed.
a. cursor
b. joystick
c. mouse
d. pointer

9. You can easily create business cards, greeting cards, calendars,

newsletters and much more with this application.
a. Microsoft Word
b. Microsoft Excel
c. Microsoft Publisher
d. Microsoft PowerPoint

10. The ____________ of the computer is important because it allows to

store different sets of instructions and data for the different tasks that it
does.
a. card
b. memory
c. monitor
d. processor

5
 What’s In

A. Label the parts of the computer. Write your answer in a separate sheet

1. 2. 3.

4 5 6 7
.
. . .

6
 What’s New

Put an X in the correct column to indicate whether the scenario shows the function of
computer hardware or computer software.

Scenario Hardware Software

1. Publishing your own class newsletter.

2. Storing a data using a USB Flash drive

3. Creating drawing for your art class.

4. Use a speaker to make the sound louder.

5. Keeping a record of your classmates’ names, ages,

and addresses.
6. Produce a paper copy of the information displayed on
the screen.
7. Shot images using the digital camera.

8. Writing a letter for your teacher.

9. RAM temporary stores data and programs.

10. Computing your family expenses.

7
 What is it
Can you recognize the difference between a computer hardware and a computer
software? Do you know what a computer hardware and a computer software are?
HARDWARE
HARDWARE-Part of computer that
you can see or touch. Some hardware
parts are inside the computer. You can
only see them when you open or
remove their cover. Hardware parts
that are outside the computer and are
attached to it by wires or cables are
called peripheral devices.
INPUT DEVICES-Special kinds of
hardware that are used to enter or
send data into the computer. Because
of this, they are also called data entry
devices.
>MOUSE-A handheld device that is
rolled and clicked to direct the pointer
() on the computer screen. The
pointer is a symbol that is used to
select items on the screen. The
cursor or insertion point is the small
vertical line on the screen that shows
where the letter, number, or symbol
you type will be entered.
>JOYSTICK-A pointing device that is
often used in playing video games. It
has a vertical handle that allows the
player to control the direction of the
object on the screen.
>KEYBOARD-Used to type
information on the computer. It is also
used to give instruction or command.
SOFTWARE
SOFTWARE-The computer hardware is
useless without programs or software.
Software refers to the step-by-step
instructions given to the computer for it to
do a specific task. Complicated tasks are
broken down into hundreds, and
sometimes even thousands, of simple
steps. Only one small step is done at a
time, but computer works so fast that
millions of steps are done in a matter of
second. A software processes the
information entered into the computer. It
takes your input and turns it into an
output.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE-There
are thousands of commercially available
software. Among this are application
software. These help people many time-
consuming tasks, such as typing and
summarizing numerical data.
WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE
A word processing software, such
as Microsoft Word, lets you create
documents that consist brochures,
newsletters, or anything that you can write
with a pen and paper. A word processing
software gives you the ability to spell-
check, edit, and format a document on the
screen.
WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE
A word processing software, such
as Microsoft Word, lets you create
documents that consist brochures,
newsletters, or anything that you can write
with a pen and paper. A word processing
software gives you the ability to spell-
8
The keyboard contains alphanumeric
keys found on any typical typewriter
and some additional keys. The
alphanumeric keys are used for typing
letters and numbers. The additional
keys include the function keys, which
are labelled with F and the numbers 1
to 12
>BAR CODE READER-It reads a
series of black stripes called a bar
code. Bar codes are placed on items
in supermarkets, shops and libraries.
A beam of laser light reads the code
and sends it to the computer.
>SCANNER-Works like a
photocopying machine. It reads texts
and pictures and changes them into a
form that a computer can understand.
The scanned documents or images
can then be processed by the
computer and displayed on the
monitor. You can insert them in
documents, store them on a storage
device, or transmit them to another
computer.
>TOUCHPAD-It has a rectangular
surface that is sensitive to pressure
and motion. Every time you move your
fingertip across the pad, the pointer on
the screen moves in the same
direction.
>TOUCH SCREEN-Allows users to
interact with the computer by touching
an area on the screen.
>DIGITAL CAMERA-Allows you to
shoot images. These images are
stored on a memory chip or disk and
can be transferred into your computer.
Some cameras can also capture
sound and video.
Processing and Memory Devices
>CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
(CPU)-It is the brain of the computer. It
is responsible for processing
check, edit, and format a document on the
screen.
DESKTOP PUBLISHING
SOFTWARE
A desktop publishing software
(DTP), such as Microsoft Publisher and
Adobe InDesign, places the words the
words that you write on pages with
pictures and arranges them in a
professional-looking format. You can
publish newsletters, brochures,
newspapers, or books using this software.
SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE
A spreadsheet software, such as
Microsoft Excel, helps you add, subtract,
multiply, and divide columns and rows of
number and analyse data. It also allows
you to create colorful charts and graphs.
This software is perfect for task that
require repetitive calculations such as
budgeting, accounting, and maintaining a
class record.
DATABASE SOFTWARE
A database software, such as
Microsoft Access, helps you organize and
keep track of lists of data. Large
companies and government agencies use
data base software to manage millions of
information about people, products, and
more.
GRAPHICS SOFTWARE
A graphics software, such as
Microsoft Paint and Adobe Photoshop,
allows you to create and edit artworks on
your computer. It provides drawing,
colouring, and editing tools such as pens,
brushes, and paints. Some graphics
programs are specifically for editing or
enhancing electronic photographs. Others
are manipulating line drawings or texts.
Such programs are important in creating
or improving documents, web sites,
multimedia works, games, and movie
production.
PRESENTATION SOFTWARE
9
instructions and carrying out A presentation software, such as
commands to produce information. In Microsoft PowerPoint, allows you to
most computers, the CPU is a small, create electronic slide shows that can be
square chip called a microprocessor. used in classroom instruction, reports and
A microprocessor is mounted on the business presentations.
motherboard, which is the main
circuit board of the computer. WEB AUTHORING SOFTWARE
A web authoring software, such
>MEMORY-A computer can store data as Microsoft FrontPage, allows you to
and programs in its memory. The create colourful documents for the World
memory of a computer is important Wide Web. It lets you add different fonts,
because it allows the computer to graphics, and hyperlinks to your web
store different sets of instructions and pages.
data for the different tasks that is does.
A computer has two types of
memory: the Read-Only Memory
(ROM) and the Random Access
Memory (RAM). The ROM contains
the commands needed to start the
computer. The contents of ROM are
permanent and cannot be changed.
The RAM, on the other hand, is the
temporary storage of data and
programs. If your data is not yet saved
and you accidentally cut off the power
of your computer, the data will be lost.

>CARDS-Components added to a
computer to increase its capability.
Sound cards allow computers to
produce sounds like music. Video
cards allow computers to display video
animation. Some video cards allow
computers to display television shows,
capture video frames, and make live
videos.

OUTPUT DEVICES-are peripheral

devices used by the computer so the
processed data could be displayed,
heard, or printed.

>Monitor- allows you to see what is

being done on the computer. It
displays information such as texts and
graphics. Monitors use the same
technology as the television where
images are presented on the screen
by the individual dots or “pictures
elements” called pixels.

10
>Printer- produces a paper copy of
the information displayed on the
screen. There are many different types
of printers with various levels of
quality. The three basic types of
printers are the dot matrix, ink-jet, and
laser printers.

>Dot matrix printers- work like a

typewriter. They transfer ink from a
ribbon to a piece of paper with a series
of matrix of tiny pins.

>Ink-jet printers- fire a stream of ink

from a cartridge directly onto the
paper.

>Laser printers- use the same

technology as a photocopier. They use
heat to transfer toner the paper.

>Storage Devices- are used to store

data and programs. The diskette, hard
disk, compact disc and USB flash
drive are the most common storage
devices.

>Diskette- Stores less information

than the hard disk. It can store 1.44
megabytes (MB) or 2.88 MB of data.
You insert it into a disk drive to read
data from and write data on it. The
Diskette is also called a floppy disk.

>Hard disk- inside the CPU can store

large amounts of information and
recover data very quickly. Most hard
drives have 20 gigabytes (GB) or more
of storage space. Most computers
have one hard drive name Drive C.

>Compact Disc- A compact disc or

CD is circular in shape. It is inserted
into the CD drive, which reads
information from it. CDs can store up
to 720 MB of information.

>USB Flash drive- A USB (Universal

Serial Bus) flash drive is a portable

11
storage device with a built-in
connector that plugs directly into a
computer’s USB port.
You can open, edit, delete and run
files stored on a USB flash drive just
as though those files were stored on
your computer’s hard disk. USB flash
drive can store up to 8 GB off
information.
Communication hardware- allows
communication between computers
and between groups of connected
computers called networks.

>Modem- lets computers exchange

information through telephone lines. It
changes computer information into a
form that can be transmitted through
phone lines.
A modem lets you connect to the
internet. This lets you access a vast
amount of information and meet
thousands of people with similar
interests.

12
 What’s More

Activity 1: From what you have read, list five computer hardware and computer
software.

Hardware Software
1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

Assessment 1: Identify the following as Hardware (H) or Software (S).

______1. Diskette
______2. Web Authoring.
______3. Graphics

______4. Modem
______5. CPU
______6. Word Processing

______7. Keyboard
______8. Spreadsheet
______9. USB Flash Drive

______10. Desktop Publishing

13
Activity 2: Analyze the picture below and see the difference of hardware and
software

Assessment 2: Write a paragraph that tells the differences of the computer

hardware and computer software based on the picture in Activity 2

________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

14
Activity 3: Classify the hardware and software from the word box. Write your answer
in the appropriate column

Spreadsheet Publisher Powerpoint

Monitor Modem Joystick
Diskette Graphics Web Authoring

USB Flashdrive Monitor Digital Camera

Database CPU

Hardware Software

15
Assessment 3: Locate the given words in the grid, running in all directions -
horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.

G R A P H I C S A C D E T P

T O U C H P A D D F G H Y R

Z X C V B N M K L O I T R E

C C Q W E R T Y H U S J K S

U P A L S T Y U A A C D F E

P U B L I S H E R T A Q R N

T L A S A O H C D F N M K T

H E E C S F A O W L N N E A

A A R H D T R M A A E I Y T

N R T O F W D P R S R T B I

K N L O G A S U E H U O O O

Y E O L H R O T T D B R A N

O R V S J E F E H R S S R D

M O N I T O R S T M O U S E

MONITOR PUBLISHER SOFTWARE HARDWARE

CPU GRAPHICS TOUCHPAD MOUSE
PRESENTATION SCANNER

16
 What I Have Learned

Fill in the blanks. Choose your answer on the word bank

Microsoft Excel Joystick Database Keyboard Modem

Microsoft Power Point Graphic RAM Bar code Software

1. _____________ is perfect for tasks that require repetitive calculations such as

budgeting, accounting, and maintaining a class record.
2. ______________ software is used by large companies and government
agencies to manage millions of information about people and products.
3. ______________ is an input device often used in playing video games.
4. ______________ are keys labelled with an F and the Numbers 1 to 12.
5. ______________ are series of black strips placed on item, such as books and
groceries.
6. ______________ provides drawing, coloring, and editing tools such as pens,
brushes, and paints.
7. _______________ is the temporary storage of data and programs.
8. ________________ allows you to create electronic slide shows that can be
used in classroom instruction, reports, and business presentations.
9. _______________ processes the information entered into the computer.
10. ______________ is a communication device that allows the exchange of
information between computers.

17
 What I Can Do

If you were to invent a computer hardware and a computer software, what could it be
like? Draw it below then describe its function/s

COMPUTER HARDWARE

FUNCTION:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

18
 COMPUTER SOFTWARE

FUNCTION:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

19
 Assessment

Compare and Contrast.

A Venn diagram is a diagram that shows how two things are the same or different.
Follow the instructions to complete the Venn diagram below.
1. Write some words that describe the computer hardware in the first circle.
2. Write some words that describe the computer software in the second circle.
3. In the area where the two circles overlap, write some words that describe
them both.

BOTH

HARDWARE SOFTWARE

20
 21
What I Can Do- Answers Varies What’s In
Assessment- Answers Varies 1.Microsoft Excel 6. Graphic
2.Data base 7. RAM
3.Joystick 8. Microsoft Power
point
4.keyboard 9. Software
5. Bar code 10. Modem
What’s More
Activity 1: Answers Varies Activity 2: Answers varies
Assessment 1: Assessment 2: Answers varies
1.H 6.S
2.S 7.H
3.S 8.S
4.H 9.S
5.H 10.S
Activity 3:
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
.Monitor .modem .monitor .spreadsheet .publisher .graphics
.USB Flashdrive .Diskette .CPU .database .Power point .web authoring
.joystick .digital camera
Assessment 3.
G R A P H I C S A C D E T P
T O U C H P A D D F G H Y R
Z X C V B N M K L O I T R E
C C Q W E R T Y H U S J K S
U P A L S T Y U A A C D F E
P U B L I S H E R T A Q R N
T L A S A O H C D F N M K T
H E E C S F A O W L N N E A
A A R H D T R M A A E I Y T
N R T O F W D P R S R T B I
K N L O G A S U E H U O O O
Y E O L H R O T T D B R A N
O R V S J E F E H R S S R D
M O N I T O R S T M O U S E
What’s New
Hardware Software
/ What’s In What I Know
/
/ 1.CPU 6. mouse 1. c 6.c
/
/ 2. monitor 7. headphones 2. d 7.a
/
/ 3..printer 3. c 8.a
/
4.keyboard 4.a 9.c
/
/ 5.speakers 5.a 10.b
ANSWER KEY
22
What I have learned
1. Microsoft Excel
2. Data Base
3. Joystick
4. Keyboard
5. Bar code
6. Graphic
7. RAM
8. Microsoft Power Point
9. Software
10. Modem
 REFERENCES

K to 12 ALS Curriculum Guide. Pasig City: Department of Education, 2017.

google. august 15, 2020. https://www.sutori.com/story/software-vs-hardware--

Z7WjfZgApFKd2hVrUeth5gff.
google. august 15, 2020. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/570057265326764053.

DepEdCARLR#: 2774-13-21MELCS

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