FOREIGN LITERATURE

According to |Abdul| (2008), one of the significant concerns in paper-based records is that all

clinical information is recorded in free style, and the risks of missing or forgetting vital

information are high, which can have a serious impact on the treatment and care of patients. The

case sheet is a tangible copy that can only be accessed by one person at a time and must be

physically transferred to other doctors. Given the large quantity of medical records on hand,

retrieving a record will be difficult, and missing a record in a massive pile of paper-based

medical records will not be surprising. Furthermore, information in paper records deteriorates

over time due to aging paper and ink, and fires or natural catastrophes might destroy the archive

of paper documents. According to Karim (2008), all of the above-mentioned concerns can be

resolved by introducing 10R/12R systems, which not only fix problems but also increase

healthcare efficiency by enhancing accessibility and requiring less resources to keep records. The

12R system can be utilized by researchers as a resource, as a disease surveillance tool, for public

health initiatives, and for practicing evidence-based medicine.

(Steve Elky, 2006). Current system of the dental clinic also has the system that can handle the

process management as a computerized. But, there are a few problem during using the system

and that cause they used the manually system. So, this literature review has been covered about

the process of the manual system that cause the current system is difficult to use. Management

system has been used long time ago. Every organization needs a system that can manage their

data and process. Normally they used a conventional method to manage and store their data.

Management system is management documented and tested step-by-step method aimed at

smooth functioning through standard practices.

FOREIGN STUDIES

Clinics Management System (CMS) based on Patient Ontology “A major problem faced by

today healthcare is the increasing diversity and differentiation. New medical specialties are

constantly created: there exist a large number of roles in patient care and many different public

and private organizations.

According to Prasad M. Jayaweera (University of Ruhanna, Sri Lanka) the process-oriented

business ontologies are developed in customer centered manner in order to develop business

systems applications to provide more and more value-added services to target consumers. This

trend is also valid in healthcare sector although there are some restrictions and limitations that

can be noticed in Sri Lanka.

Patient Management System by Terrence Adam, BS Pharmacy MD PhD “Any tool used to assist

in the delivery of clinical care from the point of care initiation to completion"

According to Terrence Adam, interest in Patient Management System with prior experience as

clinical user in pharmacy and medicine development and evaluation of a patient monitoring

system use of secondary data for surveillance applications evaluation. It is for one stop source of

information.