Statistics are necessary for scientific research because they

allow the researchers to analyze empirical data needed to

interpret the findings and draw conclusions based on the
results of the research. According to Portney and Watkins
(2009), all studies require a description of subjects and
responses that are obtained through measuring central
tendency, so all studies use descriptive statistics to present
an appropriate use of statistical tests and the validity of
data interpretation. Although descriptive statistics do not
allow general conclusions and allow only limited
interpretations, they are useful for understanding the
study sample and establishing an appropriate framework
for the further analysis in the study. Further
analysis…show more content…
Normal distribution is a continuous probability
distribution that shows a symmetrical bell-shaped curve
on the frequency distribution graph because most scores
are clustered close to the mean. The normal distribution
displays constant characteristics, so it is predictable. In
contrast to the normal frequency distribution distribution,
a skewed distribution shows an asymmetric graph that can
be positively skewed to the right or negatively skewed to
the left, depending on the allocation of the median, mode,
and mean which represent the three measures of central
tendency and determine the outcome of frequency
distribution results (Portney & Watkins, 2009). In a normal
distribution, the mean, median, and mode have equal
values, and all three values are directly under the peak of
the curve. However, researchers are required to test their
data for skewness during the initial analysis to prevent
potential misinterpretations of the data (Portney &
Watkins, 2009). In skewed distributions, the mean,
median, and mode all have different values, and the mean
is usually closer to the tail of the curve while the mode is at
the peak of the curve, and the median is usually
somewhere between the mean and mode in a skewed
distribution (Portney & Watkins, 2009). Because all three
values