New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Second Edition)

Question Bank – New Questions

Chapter 5 Food and humans

Multiple-choice questions

[10174509] Scientific investigation Data interpretation

* Directions: The following two questions refer to the table below, which shows
the average number of drops of different fruit juices needed to decolourize 1 cm3
of DCPIP solution in an investigation.
Average number of drops needed to
Fruit juice
decolourize 1 cm3 of DCPIP solution
P 14
Q 7
R 28
S 16

From the results, which fruit juice is best for preventing scurvy?
A fruit juice P
B fruit juice Q
C fruit juice R
D fruit juice S
B
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[10174557] Scientific investigation

* Why would it have been useful to display all the results before the average
number was calculated?
A to ensure the results were recorded correctly
B to avoid wrong calculation of the average number
C to increase the accuracy of the results
D to identify any anomalous results
D
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New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Second Edition) Chapter 5
Question Bank – New Questions

Short questions

Cross-topic Comparison High order thinking

[10174565]
** Proteins from different sources differ in their abilities to promote growth. The
biological value is a measure of protein quality and is calculated as follows:

A protein with a higher biological value has a larger supply of essential amino
acids to the body. In determining the biological value, nitrogen is used as an
index of proteins.
a Express the following in terms of nitrogen intake (I), nitrogen in faeces (F)
and/or nitrogen in urine (U).
i The amount of protein digested and absorbed (1 mark)
ii The amount of protein used in maintenance and growth (1 mark)
b Why can nitrogen be used as an index of proteins? (2 marks)
The table below shows the biological values of proteins from different sources.
Source of protein Biological value (%)
Egg 98
Milk 91
Oatmeal 58
Wheat 64
Beef 80
Soya bean 74
c Compare the biological values of proteins from animal sources and plant
sources. (1 mark)

-- answer --
a i IF 1m
ii IFU 1m
b Proteins contain nitrogen. 1m
Thus the amount of nitrogen is proportional to the amount of proteins. 1m
c The biological values of proteins from animal sources are higher than those of
proteins from plant sources. 1m
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New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Second Edition) Chapter 5
Question Bank – New Questions

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New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Second Edition) Chapter 5
Question Bank – New Questions

STSE Communication
[10174588]
* In the space provided below, suggest one change in the diet to reduce each of the
problems and explain your answers. (6 marks)
Problem Dietary change

Anaemia

Constipation

Obesity

-- answer --
Anaemia:
Eat more beef / liver / beans / cabbage / spinach / raisins to increase the intake of iron.
1m
Iron is essential for the production of haemoglobin in red blood cells. 1m
Constipation:
Drink more water 1m
so that faeces are soft and can be passed out of the body more easily. 1m
OR
Eat more fruits / vegetables / wholemeal products to increase the intake of dietary fibre.
1m
Dietary fibre adds bulk to food to stimulate peristalsis / Dietary fibre holds a lot of water
so that faeces can be passed out of the body more easily. 1m
Obesity:
Eat a balanced diet / Choose low-fat food to reduce the energy intake. 1m
There will be no more weight gain if the energy intake is less than the energy output.
1m
OR
Eat more fruits / vegetables to increase the intake of dietary fibre. 1m
High-fibre food is filling and can help control body weight. 1m

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New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Second Edition) Chapter 5
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Structured question

STSE Mathematical skills High order thinking

[10174599]
** Molly is 8-year-old. Most of her daily liquid intake comes from a juice drink
diluted from a juice drink concentrate. The diagram below shows the nutritional
information of the juice drink concentrate. Molly’s mother dilutes 1 part of the
concentrate with 4 parts of water and Molly drinks 1.5 L of this diluted juice
drink daily.

NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION
Serving size: 100 mL (undiluted)
Servings per bottle: 10
Per serving
Energy 1340 kJ
Protein 0g
Total fat 0g
Cholesterol 0 mg
Total carbohydrate 78 g
- Sugar 52 g
- Dietary fibre 1.2 g
Calcium 0 mg
Sodium 70 mg
Vitamin C 150 mg

a Calculate how much sugar is present in 1.5 L of this diluted juice drink.
Show your working. (2 marks)
b The daily energy requirement for a 8-year-old is 6500 kJ. What percentage
of Molly’s daily energy requirement is provided by 1.5 L of this diluted
juice drink? (1 mark)
c Write three possible health risks to Molly if she continues to drink 1.5 L of
this diluted juice drink daily. (3 marks)
d Describe and explain how the dietary requirement of Molly would change
after she has entered puberty. (4 marks)

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New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Second Edition) Chapter 5
Question Bank – New Questions

-- answer --
a [(1500 mL / 5) / 100 mL] × 52 g 1m
= 156 g 1m
b {[(1500 mL / 5) / 100 mL] × 1340 kJ × 100%} / 6500 kJ = 61.8% 1m
c A higher risk of obesity if her total energy intake is more than her energy
requirement 1m
A higher risk of dental caries 1m
Lack of important nutrients, resulting in deficiency diseases if hunger is satisfied
by this drink
1m
(or other reasonable answers)
d She would need more energy for her higher basal metabolic rate. 1m
She would need more proteins for the growth of muscles. 1m
She would need more calcium for bone growth. 1m
She would need more iron due to menstruation. 1m
(or other reasonable answers)
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