DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL BANGALORE – EAST

SCIENCE- NOTES (2022-23)

Chapter 14 -ELECTRIC CURRENT AND ITS EFFECTS

NAME: CLASS: VII SEC: DATE:

Q.1.Draw in your notebook the symbols to represent the following components of

electrical circuits: connecting wires, switch in the ‘OFF’ position, bulb, cell, switch in
the ‘ON’ position and battery.
Ans.

Q.2. Draw the circuit diagram to represent the circuit shown in fig. 14.21.

Q.7. Fig. 14.22 shows four cells fixed on a board. Draw lines to indicate how you will
connect their terminals with wires to make a battery of four cells. (To be done in the
Textbook)

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 Ans.

Q.3. The bulb in the circuit shown in fig. 14.23 does not glow. Can you identify the
problem? Make necessary changes in the circuit to make the bulb glow.

Ans . In the given circuit positive terminal of one cell should be connected with negative
terminal of other to make the bulb glow.

Q.4. Name any two effects of electric current.

Ans. Electric current has the following effects

(i) Heating effect of electric current.
(ii) Magnetic effect of electric current.

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Q.6.When the current is switched on through a wire, a compass needle kept
nearby gets deflected from its north-south position. Explain.
Ans. When current is passed through the wire, it deflects the compass near it from its
north-south position like a magnet. This is called magnetic effect of the current. As we
know that needle of the compass is made up of a thin magnet. When this needle comes
in contact with another magnet then the like poles of the magnet repel each other and
opposite poles attract each other. So the deflection is seen in the needle. In this case
the wire behaves like a magnet and causes deflection in needle of the compass.

Q.8. Will the compass needle show deflection when the switch in the circuit shown
by fig. 14.24 is closed?

Ans. No, because there is no source of electric current in this circuit, i.e., there
is no
battery.

Q.9. Fill in the blanks: (To be done in the Textbook)

(a) Longer line in the symbol for a cell represents its terminal
(b) The combination of two or more cells is called a .
(c) When current is switched ‘on’ in a room heater, it .
(d) The safety device based on the heating effect of electric current is called a
.

Ans. (a) positive (b) battery (c) becomes red hot and emits heat (d) fuse.

Q.10. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ it is a false: (To be done in the Textbook)
(a) To make a battery of two cells, the negative terminal of one cell is connected to the
negative terminal of the other cell. [T/F]
(b) When the electric current through the fuse exceeds a certain limit, the fuse wire melts and
breaks. [T/F]
(c) An electromagnet does not attract a piece of iron. [T/F]
(d) An electric bell has an electromagnet. [T/F]
Ans. (a) F (b) T (c) F (d) T

Q.11. Do you think an electromagnet can be used for separating plastic bags
from a garbage heap? Explain.
Ans. No, the plastic bags are not magnetic materials, they do not get attracted by the

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 magnet, so they cannot be separated by an electromagnet. Magnetic materials like
iron, nickel, cobalt etc. can be attracted by the magnet.

Q.ll. An electrician is carrying out some repairs in your house. He wants to replace a
fuse by a piece of wire. Would you agree? Give reasons for your response.

Ans. No, Fuse should not be replaced by a wire because the wires in the fuse should have low
melting point and high electric resistance so we should always use ISI marked fuses in our
houses to prevent short circuits.

Q.12. Zubeda made an electric circuit using a cell holder shown in fig. 14.4, a switch and
a bulb. When she put the switch in the ‘ON’ position, the bulb did not glow. Help
Zubeda in identifying the possible defects in the circuit

Ans. Possible defects are:

1. Rubber band used may not be tight enough to hold the metal strips, it is necessary that the
rubber bands hold the metal strip tightly.
2. The two cells may not be connected properly. The negative terminal of one cell should be
connected with the positive terminal of the other end.
3. The two cells may not be in proper contact. Current will not flow if circuit is not completed.
4.The bulb may be fused. Fuse bulb do not complete the circuit. Hence bulb will not glow.

Q.13. In the circuit shown in fig. 14.25

Would any of the bulb glow when the switch is in the ‘OFF’ position?
What will be the order in which the bulbs A, B and C will glow when the switch is
moved to the ‘ON’ position?

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Ans. No bulb will glow, when the switch is in the “OFF” position
All bulbs will glow simultaneously when the switch is moved to the ‘ON’ position.

EXTRA QUESTIONS

Q.1. State two characteristics of a fuse wire.

Ans a. Fuse should have a low melting point.
b. It should have a high electric resistance.

Q.2.Mention the differences between a bar magnet and an electromagnet.

Bar magnet Electromagnet.

1. The bar magnet is a permanent magnet. 1An electromagnet is a temporary magnet.

2. It produces a comparatively weak 2. It produces a very strong magnetic force.

force of attraction.

3. The strength of an electromagnet can be

3.The strength of a bar magnet changed by changing the number of turns in
cannot be changed. its coil or by changing the current passing
through it.

4.The polarity of a bar magnet is fixed and

cannot be changed. 4. The polarity of an electromagnet can be
changed by changing the direction of current
in its coil.

Q.3. What is an electromagnet? How can the strength of an electromagnet be

increased?

Ans An insulated copper wire wound around a soft iron bar which behaves like a magnet
when electric current flows through it is called an electromagnet.
The strength of an electromagnet can be increased by any of the following ways.
• Increasing the number of coils
• Increasing the strength of the current.
• Winding the wire around a magnetic material.

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 Q.4. Explain with the help of a diagram, how does the magnetic effect of electric
current help in the working of an electric bell.

Ans.An electric bell works with the help of an electromagnet. It is made up of a coil of wire
wound round an iron piece, resembling an electromagnet. When current passes through it,
a magnetic field is produced.

When the circuit is complete, the hammer of the bell is attracted towards the electromagnet.
As the hammer moves towards the electromagnet, the circuit breaks. This stops the
electromagnet from attracting the hammer anymore. The hammer comes back to its original
position due to the spring effect. While doing so, it touches the metal connector and the
circuit is complete again. This cycle continues till the key is kept ON.

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Q.5. Draw a circuit diagram for series and parallel connection in the notebook.

Q.6. Draw a closed and open circuit.