Name: Dyan Jade A.

Bate

1. What is Biotechnology? 2 pts

Biotechnology is best known for its role in medicine and pharmaceuticals, but the science is also
applied in other areas such as genomics, food production, and the production of biofuels.

2. How is Biotechnology important to our lives? 3 pts

Biotechnology is most important for its implications in health and medicine. Through genetic
engineering.the controlled alteration of genetic material. scientists have been able to create new
medicines, including interferon for cancer patients, synthetic human growth hormone and
synthetic insulin, among others.

3. Give 5 applications of Biotechnology. 5 pts

❖ Therapeutics
❖ Diagnostics
❖ Genetically modified crops for agriculture
❖ Processed food
❖ Bioremediation

4. What is the role of Biotechnolgy to the development of vaccines? 5 pts

Biotechnology can help a vaccine production starting from the design and component
exploration processes, everything needs to be antigenic and immunogenic components which can
ensure effectiveness of the vaccine when it enters the body of the receiver.

5. Explain the steps of Recombinant DNA Technology and Polymerase Chain Reaction. (10 pts)

● DNA Isolation
-DNA is isolated in its pure form, which means they are devoid of other macromolecules.In
rDNA technology, the initial step is to extract the desired
-DNA in its purest form, that is, free of extraneous macromolecules.
● Cutting of DNA/Restriction Enzyme DigestionFor this step, the restriction enzymes are
quite vital.
-It helps to identify the location wherein a designated gene is introduced into a vector
genome. The said reaction is known as restriction enzyme digestions.

● Amplifying of DNA
-Copies of genes are amplified through PCR or polymerase chain reaction. It is
essentially a process to increase a single DNA copy into several copies after the desired
gene of interest is cut with restriction enzymes.

● Joining DNA
-The vector and a section of DNA are joined in this step. It is achieved with the help of
the enzyme DNA ligase.

● Insertion of rDNA into a Host

-Here rDNA is added to the recipient host cell, and the entire process is called
transformation. Post insertion, the recombinant DNA multiplies and manifests as
manufactured protein under favorable conditions.

● Recombinant Cell Isolation

-A mixed population of converted and non-transformed host cells results from the
transformation process.