Terminologies:

1)safety: degree of freedom from harm or danger

2)risk: possibility of mishap in terms of potential mishap severity and probability of occurrence
Risk: severity * probability
3) accident: undesirable and unexpected accident
4) incident: any event that could have resulted (near miss) or did result (accident) in:
Injury and illness, property damage, environmental release, adverse community
reaction, business interruption.
5) mishap: an unplanned event or series of events resulting in death, injury, occupational illness,
damage to or loss of equipment or property.

6) Hazard: any real or potential condition that can cause injury, illness or death to personnel;
damage to or loss of equipment or property.

HAZARD THEORY: shows the transition of hazard to mishap

Hazard- mishap entity: measure of hazard potential=risk

HAZARD COMPONENTS:
1) HAZARDOUS ELEMENT(HE): this is the basic hazardous resource creating potential for
hazard.
2) INITIATING MECHANISM(IM): trigger or initiator events causing hazard to occur. IM
transforms hazard from dormant state to active mishap state.
3) TARGET AND THREAT: person or thing that is vulnerable to injury.
Individual RIsk (IR): the frequency with which an individual within a specific group or population
may be expected to sustain a given level of harm from the realization of specific hazard or
particular combinations of hazards.

Societal risk(SR): SR is the frequency and the number of people suffering a given level of harm
from the realization of specified hazards.

RISK PERCEPTION: perception of risk may be different from person to person. For someone a
risk may not be that fatal but for someone else it might be.
ALARP: AS LOW AS REASONABLY POSSIBLE
MHMM-MICRO HAZARD MAPPING AND MANAGEMENT
HAZARD MATRIX