Alvin Soo Chun Kit Additional Mathematics Project Work 2 2011 Method 2: Using differentiationAssuming that the surface

area of the cake is proportionate to the amount of fresh creamneeded to decorate the cake.*Formula for surface area= r 2 + 2 rhh = 19000 / 3.142r 2 Surface area in contact with cream= r 2 + 2 r(19000 / 3.142r 2 )= r 2 + (38000/r)The values, when plotted into a graph will from a minimum value that can be obtainedthrough differentiation.dy = 0dxdy = 2 r (38000/r 2 )dx0 = 2 r (38000/r 2 )0 = 6.284r 3 3800038000 = 6.284r 3 6047.104 = r 3 18.22 = r When r = 18.22 cm, h = 18.22 cmThe dimensions of the cake that requires the minimum amount of fresh cream to decorate isapproximately 18.2 cm in height and 18.2 cm in radius.I would bake a cake of such dimensions because the cake would not be too large for thecutting or eating of said cake, and it would not be too big to bake in a conventional oven.* The above conjecture is proven by the followingWhen r = 10,~ the total surface area of the cake is 4114.2 cm 2 ~ the amount of fresh cream needed to decorate the cake is 4381.2 cm 3 ~ the ratio of total surface area of cake to amount of fresh cream needed is 0.94When r = 20,~ the total surface area of the cake is 3156.8 cm 2 ~ the amount of fresh cream needed to decorate the cake is 3308.5 cm 3 ~ the ratio of total surface area of cake to amount of fresh cream needed is 0.94Therefore, the above conjecture is proven to be true.

Alvin Soo Chun Kit Additional Mathematics Project Work 2 2011FURTHER EXPLORATION

a) Volume of cake 1 Volume of cake 2= r 2 h= r 2 h= 3.142 x 31 x 31 x 6 = 3.142 x (0.9 x 31) 2 x 6= 18116.772 cm 3 = 3.142 x (27.9) 2 x 6= 14676.585 cm 3 Volume of cake 3 Volume of cake 4= r 2 h= r 2 h= 3.142 x (0.9 x 0.9 x 31) 2 x 6 = 3.142 x (0.9 x 0.9 x 0.9 x 31) 2 x 6= 3.142 x (25.11) 2 x 6 = 3.142 x (22.599) 2 x 6= 11886.414 cm 3 = 9627.995 cm 3 The values 118116.772, 14676.585, 11886.414, 9627.995 form a number pattern.The pattern formed is a geometrical progression.This is proven by the fact that there is a common ratio between subsequent numbers, r = 0.81.14676.585 = 0.81 11886.414 = 0.8118116.772 14676.585 . 9627.995 = 0.8111886.414 b) S n = a(1-r n ) = 18116.772 ( 1-0.8 n )1-r 1-0.815 kg = 57000 cm 3 57000 > 18116.772(1-0.8 n )0.211400 > 18116.772(1-0.8 n )0.629 > 1-0.8

n -0.371 > - 0.8 n 0.371 < 0.8 n log 0.371 < n log 0.8log 0.371 < nlog 0.84.444 < nn = 4

Alvin Soo Chun Kit Additional Mathematics Project Work 2 2011 Verification of answer Ifn=4Total volume of 4 cakes= 18116.772 cm 3 + 14676.585 cm 3 + 11886.414 cm 3 + 9627.995 cm 3 = 54307.766 cm 3 Total mass of cakes= 14.29 kgIfn=5Total volume of 5 cakes= 18116.772 cm 3 + 14676.585 cm 3 + 11886.414 cm 3 + 9627.995 cm 3 + 7798.676 cm 3 = 62106.442 cm 3 Total mass of cakes= 16.34 kgTotal mass of cakes must not exceed 15 kg.Therefore, maximum number of cakes needed to be made = 4

Alvin Soo Chun Kit Additional Mathematics Project Work 2 2011 ReflectionIn the process of conducting this project, I have learnt that perseverance pays off, especiallywhen you obtain a just reward for all your hard work. For me, succeeding in completing this project

work has been reward enough. I have also learnt that mathematics is used everywherein daily life, from the most simple things like baking and decorating a cake, to designing and building monuments. Besides that, I have learned many moral values that I practice. This project work had taught me to be more confident when doing something especially thehomework given by the teacher. I also learned to be a more disciplined student who is punctual and independent.