REAL NUMBERS

10. Check whether 6n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n.
[2 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2014]

11. Prove that 3  5 is an irrational number

OR
Prove that 5 + 2 is an irrational number [3 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2014]

12. Use Euclid's division algorithm to find the HCF of 10224 and 9648.
[3 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2015]

13. Which of the following is not a rational number ? [1 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2015]
(A) 3 (B) 9 (C) 16 (D) 25

14. Prove that 7 is an irrational number

OR
Prove that 3 – 5 is an irrational number [3 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2015]

15. Use Euclid's division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3m
or 3m + 1 for some integer m. [3 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2015]

16. The [HCF × LCM] for the number 50 and 20 is [1 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2016]
(A) 10 (B) 1000 (C) 100 (D) 110

17. If the HCF of 210 and 55 is expressible in the form 210 × 5 + 55 × p, then the value of p is
[1 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2016]
(A) – 17 (B) – 18 (C) – 20 (D) – 19

18. Prove that 5 is an irrational number

OR
Prove that 5 + 3 2 is an irrational number [3 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2016]

19. Prove that for any positive integer n, n3 – n is divisible by 6.[3 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2016]

20. Find the LCM and HCF of 510 and 92 and verify that LCM × HCF = product of the two numbers
[1 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2017]

21. The largest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainder 7,11 and 15 respectively is
[1 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2017]
(A) 11 (B) 17 (C) 34 (D) 51

7
22. Prove that 5 is irrational number.
3
OR
Prove that 5 – 2 3 is an irrational number [3 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2017]

23. Prove that n2 – n is divisible by 2 for any positive integer n.[3 marks CBSE 10TH BOARD: 2017]

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SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Section (A) : Introduction and Euclid's Division Lemma

A-1 Write a rational number between 2 and 3.

2 45  3 20
A-2 Write whether on simplification gives a rational or an irrational number.
2 5

A-3 Use Euclid’s Division Lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is either of the form 3m
or 3m + 1 for some integer m.

A-4. Show that of the numbers n, n + 2 and n + 4, only one of them is divisible by 3.

A-5. Let n = 640640640643, without actually computing n2 prove that n2 leave remainder 1 when divided
by 8.

A-6. There is remainder of 3 when a number is divided by 6. What will be the remainder if the square of
the same number is divided by 6?

Section (B) : Euclid's Division Algorithm

B-1. Using Euclid's Division algorithm, find the HCF of 210 and 55.

B-2. Using Euclid's Division algorithm, find the HCF of 101 and 1277.

B-3. If d is the HCF of 56 and 72, find x, y satisfying d = 56x + 72y. Also, show that x and y are not
unique.

B-4. Using Euclid's Division algorithm, find the greatest number that divides 445, 572 and 699 leaving
remainder 4, 5 and 6 respectively.

B-5 Find the largest number that divides 245 and 1029 leaving a remainder of 5 in each case.

Section (C) : Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic

C-1 Can we have any natural number n, where 7n ends with the digit zero.

C-2 Find the [HCF × LCM] for the numbers 105 and 120.

C-3. Find the HCF and LCM of following using Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic method.
(i) 426 and 576 (ii) 625, 1125 and 2125

C-4. Explain why 7 × 11 × 13 + 13 and 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 + 5 are composite numbers.

C-5 An army contingent of 616 members is to march behind an army band of 32 members in a parade.
The two groups are to march in the same number of columns. What is the maximum number of
columns in which they can march ?

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REAL NUMBERS

C-6 There is a circular path around a sports field. Sonia takes 18 minutes to drive one round of the field,
while Ravi takes 12 minutes for the same. Suppose they both start at the same point and at the
same time, and go in the same direction. After how many minutes will they meet again at the
starting point ?

C-7 Aakash, Kushal and Harish go for a morning walk. They step off together and their steps measure
40cm, 42cm and 45cm, respectively. What is the minimum distance each should walk so that each
can cover the same distance in complete steps?

Section (D) : Proof of Irrationality and Decimal Representation

D-1 Prove that 3 is an irrational number.

D-2. Prove that 5 – 2 3 is an irrational number.

D-3. Prove that 2  3 is irrational.

D-4. Without actually performing the long division, state whether the following rational number will have a
terminating decimal expansion or non - terminating decimal expansion :
77 15
(i) (ii)
210 1600

D-5 What can you say about the prime factorisations of the denominators of the following rationals :
(i) 25.234567 (ii) 25.345678

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Introduction and Euclid's Division Lemma

A-1. Which one of the following is true ?

(A)  is a rational number.
(B) All rational numbers are irrational numbers.
(C) All real numbers can be represented on a number line.
7
(D) is a rational number.
8

A-2 Which is not an irrational number ?

(A) 5  3 (B) 2 5 (C) 4  2 (D) 6  9

A-3. If least prime factor of a is 3 and the least prime factor of b is 7, the least prime factor of (a + b) is :
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 11

A-4. Euclid’s division lemma state that for any positive integers a and b, there exist unique integers q and
r such that a = bq + r, where r must satisfy
(A) 1 < r < b (B) 0 < r b (C) 0  r < b (D) 0 < r < b

A-5. (n2 – 1) is divisible by 8, if n is

(A) any natural number (B) any integer
(C) any odd positive integer (D) any even positive integer

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A-6.. A positive integer n when divided by 9, gives 7 as remainder. What will be the remainder when (3n –
1) is divided by 9 ?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

Section (B) : Euclid's Division Algorithm

B-1. If the HCF of 85 and 153 is expressible in the form 85n – 153, then value of n is :
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 1

B-2. If the HCF of 79 and 97 is expressible in the form 97n – 79m, then value of m – n is :
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 5 (D) 1

B-3. If the HCF of 144 and 90 is expressible in the form 144x + 90y, then value of x – y = :
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 5 (D) 1

B-4. If the HCF of 420 and 130 is expressible in the form 420p + 130q, then value of p + q is :
(A) 17 (B) 6 (C) 5 (D) 9

B-5. For positive integers a and b, if a = bq + r, then

(A) every common divisor of ‘a’ and ‘q’ is a common divisor of ‘b’ and ‘r’, and vice-versa.
(B) every common divisor of ‘a’ and ‘b’ is a common divisor of ‘q’ and ‘r’, and vice-versa.
(C) every common divisor of ‘a’ and ‘b’ is a common divisor of ‘b’ and ‘r’, and vice-versa.
(D) None of these

Section (C) : Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic

C-1 The [HCF × LCM] for the numbers 125 and 80 is :

(A) 100 (B) 1000 (C) 10000 (D) 500

C-2. If x = 23 × 3 × 52, y = 22 × 33, then HCF (x, y) is :

(A) 12 (B) 108 (C) 6 (D) 36

C-3. Given that HCF (253,440) = 11 and LCM (253, 440) = 253 × R. The value of R is :
(A) 400 (B) 40 (C) 440 (D) 253

C-4. If least prime factor of a is 5 and the least prime factor of b is 11, the least prime factor of (a + b) is :
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 11

C-5. How many prime factors are there in prime factorization of 5005.
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 7

C-6. The product of the HCF and LCM of the smallest prime number and the smallest composite number
is :
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8

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REAL NUMBERS

Section (D) : Proof of Irrationality and Decimal Representation

31
D-1 The decimal expansion of the rational number 2
will terminate after :
2 5
(A) one decimal place (B) two decimal places
(C) three decimal places (D) more than three decimal places
D-2. Which of the following is a non-terminating repeating decimal ?
35 14 1 7
(A) (B) (C) (D)
14 35 7 8

27
D-3. The decimal representation of is :
400
(A) Terminating (B) Non terminating recurring
(C) Non terminating non recurring (D) None of these

D-4. How many rational numbers exist between any two distinct rational numbers?
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 11 (D) Infinite

D-5. 3.24636363..... is
(A) an integer (B) A rational number (C) an irrational number (D) None of these

D-6. A rational number can be expressed as terminating decimal if the denominator has factor
(A) 2,3 or 5 (B) 3 or 5 (C) 2 or 3 (D) 2 or 5

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. The positive integers A, B, A – B and A + B are all prime numbers. The sum of these four primes is
(A) even (B) divisible by 3 (C) divisible by 5 (D) prime

2. V is product of first 41 natural numbers. A = V + 1. The number of primes among A + 1, A + 2, A + 3,

A + 4 .................... A + 39, A + 40 is :
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 0

3. If a2 – b2 = 13 where a and b are natural numbers, then value of a is :

(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9

4. H.C.F. of 3240, 3600 and a third number is 36 and their L.C.M. is 24 × 35 × 52 × 72. Then the third
number is
(A) 22 × 35 × 72 (B) 22 × 53 × 72 (C) 25 × 52 × 72 (D) 23 × 35 × 72

5. The number of ordered pairs (a, b) of positive integers such that a + b = 90 and their greatest
common divisor is 6 equals.
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 10

6. If HCF (p, q) = 12 and p × q = 1800×n, where n belongs to natural number then LCM (p, q) is :
(A) 3600 (B) 900 (C) 150 (D) 90

7. The value of the digit d for which the number d456d is divisible by 18, is :
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 9

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8. Which of the following number is divisible by 99 ?

(A) 3572404 (B) 135792 (C) 913464 (D) 114345

9. There is an N digit number (N > 1). If the sum of digits is subtracted from the number then the
resulting number will be divisible by :
(A) 7 (B) 2 (C) 11 (D) 9

10. If x is a positive integer such that 2x + 12 is perfectly divisible by 'x', then the number of possible
values of 'x' is :
(A) 2 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 12

11. The least number which on division by 35 leaves a remainder 25 and on division by 45 leaves the
remainder 35 and on division by 55 leaves the remainder 45 is :
(A) 2515 (B) 3455 (C) 2875 (D) 2785

12. A number divided by 14 gives a remainder 8. What is the remainder, if this number is divided by 7 ?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

13. The sum of the digits of two digit number is 11, if the digits are reversed the number decreases by
45. The number is :
(A) 38 (B) 65 (C) 74 (D) 83

14. One hundred monkeys have 100 apples to divide. Each adult gets three apples while three children
share one. Number of adult monkeys are :
(A) 20 (B) 25 (C) 30 (D) 33

NTSE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1 1 1 24
1. If 2x = 4y = 8z and + + = , then the value of z is - (Rajasthan NTSE Stage-1 2005)
2x 4y 6z 7
7 7 7 7
(A) (B) (C) (D)
16 32 48 64

x –1 x–3
a b
2. If     then the value of x is - (Rajasthan NTSE Stage-1 2005)
b a
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

3. If ax = b, by = c and cz = a, then value of xyz is (Rajasthan NTSE Stage-1 2007)

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) –1 (D) a + b + c.

5
4. Rationalising the denominator of is: (Rajasthan NTSE Stage-1 2013)
3 5
5  5 5  5
(A)   ( 3 + 5) (B)    ( 3 + 5 ) (C)   ( 3 – 5 ) (D)    ( 3 – 5 )
2  2 2  2

2100
5. Value of is : (Rajasthan NTSE Stage-1 2013)
2
(A) 1 (B) 50100 (C) 250 (D) 299

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REAL NUMBERS

BOARD LEVEL EXERCISE

1. 13 2. xy2 3. a3b2 4. 2520

5. four 6. No

7. True. 10. it is terminating decimal.

15. 625 18. 2520 cm

PREVIOUS YEAR PROBLEMS

1. (B)

2. (A) 3. (D) 4. 15 8. (C)

9. (B) 12. 144 13. (A) 16. (B)

17. (D) 20. HCF = 2, LCM = 23460 21. (B)

EXERCISE - 1
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A)
3
A-1 A-2 a rational number. A-6. remainder = 3
2
Section (B)
B-1. 5 B-2. 1 B-3 x = 76 and y = (59)
B-4. 63 B-5 16.
Section (C)
C-2 12600 C-3. (i) HCF = 6, LCM = 40896 (ii) HCF = 125, LCM = 95625
C-5 8 C-6 36 minutes
C-7 2520 cm

Section (D)
D-4. (i) non-terminating (ii) terminating

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A)
A-1. (C) A-2 (D) A-3. (A) A-4. (C)

A-5. (C) A-6.. (B)

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