Mark King Joseph P.

Cordovilla

Mid 1A

CP100 MODULE 9

1. Discuss the routes of medication administration.

Medication Administration the three most important nurse interventions in medication

management are evaluation, administration, and training. The nurse or midwife should use the time
spent with the client during medication administration to assess the client's understanding and response
to the drug's effect. Medication administration necessitates the adoption of safety requirements while
adhering to the ten rights. Medications are given in line with predetermined processes depending on
the specified route. Once the teaching plan has been devised, the nurse or midwife should begin
medication treatment discharge teaching. The assessment date, particularly the client's history, assists
the health professional in deciding who should be included in the training session. For example, an older
client living alone may be physically competent of self-administration but may suffer from short-term
memory loss. In this case, the nurse should acquire permission from the client to include a family
member, neighbor, or friend in the training session. Drug education is often divided into two stages. The
first stage consists of a formal instruction session. The nurse describes the medicine's action, route, side
and adverse effects, and the particular indicators of a drug response that must be reported to a
physician. Clients frequently want guidance in designing a medication regimen that improves
compliance while also complementing their lifestyle. Self-administration may need the nurse teaching
the client certain procedural procedures, such as subcutaneous injection. The second step of client
education occurs anytime the nurse provides a medicine. At each engagement, the nurse should assess
and reinforce the client's pharmacological knowledge. If the client is being taught self-administration,
the drug teaching plan should specify the dates for training as well as the expected results for the
client's completion of specific goals.

2. What are the guidelines in administering medications?

Practice Guidelines in Administering Medications

1. Healthcare workers who provide drugs are personally accountable for their acts. Any order that you
believe is eligible or erroneous should be challenged. For clarification, contact the person who
prescribed the prescription.

2. Know all there is to know about the meds you're giving out. You must understand why the customer
is receiving the drug. If you are unfamiliar with the medicine, look up the relevant information.

3. The use of drugs and barbiturates is governed by laws. Keep these drugs in a secure location.

4. Only use drugs in properly labeled containers.

5. Liquid drugs that are hazy or have changed color should not be used.
6. Calculate medicine dosages precisely. If you are unsure, have a second nurse or midwife double-check
your figures.

7. Only administer drugs that you have prepared yourself.

8. Before delivering medicine, appropriately identify the client using the relevant terminology. Checking
the identification bracelet is one method of identification.

9. With a few exceptions, do not leave drugs by the bedside. Examine the company's policies.

10. If a client vomits after taking an oral drug, notify the charge nurse, primary care practitioner, or both.

11. When providing some drugs, take extra measures; for example, have another nurse or midwife verify
the doses of anticoagulants, insulin, and certain IV preparations.

12. For a client's post surgery treatment, most hospitals require additional instructions from the primary
care practitioner.

13. When a drug is missed for whatever reason, make a note of it along with the reason.

14. When a medication mistake occurs, notify the nurse in charge, the primary care physician, or both.

3. In your own words, discuss the steps in giving medication through ID, IM and SQ.

ID

1. Evaluate the record and the customer for any known allergies.

2. Wash your hands

3. Adhere to the ten rights.

4. Make the medicine. Bring the medication to the client's room and set it down on a clean area.

5. Check to see if the patient is the proper one.

6. Inform the client of the procedure.

7. Put the customer in a comfortable posture and give him or her privacy.

8. Hands should be washed, and non-sterile gloves should be used.

9. Choose and clean the location. - Look for bruises, redness, and damaged tissue on the client's skin.
Choose an acceptable location by referring to anatomic landmarks. Cleanse the area with an alcohol
wipe in a hard circular motion, from inside to outside, and let the alcohol to dry.

10. Make sure the syringe is ready for injection. Take off the needle guard. - Expel any remaining air
bubbles from the syringe. Examine the volume of solution in the syringe.
11. Interject the medicine. Use your dominant hand to hold the syringe. Grasp the client's dorsal
forearm with your non-dominant hand and gently pull taut on the ventral forearm. Place the needle
near to the skin, bevel side up. Insert the needle at a 10° to 15° angle until resistance is felt, then
progress the needle roughly 3 mm below the skin's surface; the needle's tip should be visible under the
skin. Slowly administer the drug and monitor the bleb's development (large flaccid vesicle that
resembles a mosquito bite). If none show, remove the needle gently. Using the needle, draw a line. -
Gently pat the area with a dry 2x2 sterile gauze pad. Do not massage the region after withdrawing the
needle.

12. Place the needle and syringe in a sharps container.

13. Keep an eye out for any symptoms of an allergic response.

14. With a ball tip pen, draw a circle around the bleb's perimeter.

15. Keep a record of the drug and the location of the injection.

IM

1. Verify with the customer and Cautious to see if there are any known allergies.

2. Hands must be washed.

3. Adhere to the ten rights.

4. Prepare the drug using an ampule or a vial. - Deliver the medication to the client's room and set it on
a clean surface.

5. Check the identity of the customer.

6. Explain the method to the customer and provide him or her privacy.

7. Place the client at a suitable location to expose the site.

8. Deltoid: sitting posture number eight. Put on your non sterile gloves.

9. Choose a clean location. - Examine the client's skin for any redness and bumps. - Using an alcohol
swab, scrub the area from inside to outer using friction, and allow drying. Get ready for the injection.

10. Take off the needle cap and blow out any air bubbles. - Using your non-dominant hand, pull the skin
down or to one side (Z-track method).

11. Inject the medication. - Deltoid – insert the needle fast with a dart-like action at a 90° angle. Pull
back on the plunger to aspirate and look for blood. If blood occurs, remove the needle and throw it
away. If no blood appears, inject the drug gently (10 sec/ml). After injecting the drug, remove the needle
at the same angle as it was inserted. - Use dry sterile gauze to provide mild pressure to the injection site;
do not massage the injection site. - Place the needle and syringe in a sharps container to be disposed of.
The needle should not be recaptured.

12. Place the customer in a comfortable position.

13. Take off your gloves and wash your hands.

14. Take notes on the procedure.

15. Examine the injection site and assess the client's reaction to the drug.

SQ

1. Ask the client and the allergy chart to see if there are any known allergies.

2. Hands should be washed.

3. Give drugs in accordance with the law. Prepare the drug using an ampule or a vial.

4. Bring the medication to the client's room and set it down on a clean area.

5. Examine the client's identification bracelet.

6. Inform the client of the procedure.

7. Place the customer in a comfortable posture and give him or her privacy.

8. Put on your non sterile gloves.

9. Choose and clean the location. - Look for bruising, redness, hard tissue, or broken skin on the client's
skin. - Use an alcohol swab to clean the spot from the inside out.

10. Get ready for the injection. - Remove the needle guard and blow out any air bubbles in the syringe;
verify the syringe dose.

11. With the non - dominant hand, carry the needle like a dart across your thumb and index finger.

12. Inject the medication. Insert the needle at a 45° angle as rapidly as possible. With your non-
dominant hand, release the subcutaneous tissue and grab the barrel of the syringe. Slowly inject
medicine. Remove the needle swiftly and lightly massage the area with an alcohol swab does not
massage the injection site after an anticoagulant has been administered. Do not recap the needle
instead; dispose of it in a sharps container.

13. Position the customer for maximum comfort.

14. Take off your gloves and wash your hands.

15. Take notes on the procedure.

16. Examine the client for any side effects or unfavorable effects, and evaluate the medication's efficacy
at the right time.