A project report on

“IOT BASED GARBAGE MONITORING SYSTEM”

B.E. Electrical

Presented By

Ms. SAWANT RASIKA GANPAT [47]

Mr. KUBAL PARTH PANDURANG [24]

Ms. MALGAVE SAYALI JAYWANT [29]

Mr. MAIN ABHIJIT SANTOSH [28]

Under the guidance of

PROF.V.V.SAWANT

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

S.S.P.M’s COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
A/P.: Harkul(Budruk), Tal:kankavli, Dist:sindhudurg-416602

Maharashtra

Academic year 2020-2021

 CERTIFICATE

Certified that this B.E. Electrical project title “IOT BASED GARBAGE
MONITORING SYSTEM” by the following student are approved by me
for submission certified further that, to the best of my knowledge, the report
represent work carried out by the student.

Ms. SAWANT RASIKA GANPAT [47]

Mr. KUBAL PARTH PANDURANG [24]

Ms. MALGAVE SAYALI JAYWANT [29]

Mr. MAIN ABHIJIT SANTOSH [28]

(GUIDE) (H.O.D) (PRINCIPAL)

Prof.V.V.Sawant Prof.Waingankar S. M. Prof. Dr. Gangal A. R.

S.S.P.M’s college of Engg. S.S.P.M’s college of Engg. S.S.P.M’s college of Engg.

(Kankavli) (Kankavli) (Kankavli)

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 PROJECT-I REPORT APPROVAL

The project-I report entitled “IOT BASED GARBAGE

MONITORING SYSTEM” by “Ms. SAWANT RASIKA G. ,
Mr. KUBAL PARTH P. , Ms. MALGAVE SAYALI J. , Mr. MAIN
ABHIJIT S. ” Is approved for degree of “Bachelor of Engineering”.

Internal Examiner External Examiner

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We would like to place on record our deep sense of gratitude to

Prof.V.V.Sawant, project guide department of electrical engineering
,S.S.P.M.C.O.E, for his generous guidance help and useful suggestion.

We express our sincere gratitude to Prof.S.M.Waingankar(Head of

Department) and all staff of department of Electrical Engineering
S.S.P.M.C.O.E for their simulating guidance and continuous encouragement
and help throughout the course of project work.

We acknowledge our sincere thanks to Prof.A.C.Gangal,

Principle,S.S.P.M.C.O.E.Kankvli. For providing us infrastructural facilities to
work in without which this project work would not have been possible.

We are also greatful to our family members for their constant encouragement
,extend cooperation and help.

Ms. SAWANT RASIKA GANPAT [47]

Mr. KUBAL PARTH PANDURANG [24]

Ms. MALGAVE SAYALI JAYWANT [29]

Mr. MAIN ABHIJIT SANTOSH [28]

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 ABSTRACT

In today's busy world time is a vital issue which can't be managed by

noticing each and every phenomenon with our tight schedule. So now a day's
Automatic systems are being preferred over manual system to make life simpler
and easier in all aspects. To make it a grand success Internet of Things is the
latest internet technology developed. The number of users of internet has grown
so rapidly that it has become a necessary part of our daily life.
Our matter of concern in this project is development of Internet of
Things based Garbage Monitoring System. As the population of world is
increasing day by day, the environment should be clean and hygienic for our
better life leads. In most of the cities the overflowed garbage bins are creating an
obnoxious smell and making an unhygienic environment. And this is leading to
the rapid growth of bacteria and viruses which are causing different types of
diseases. To overcome these situations efficient garbage collection systems are
getting developed based on IoT. Various designs have already been proposed
and have advantages as well as disadvantages. This paper is a review of Garbage
Monitoring System based on IoT.

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 CONTENTS

Certificate...................................................................................... 1

Project-I report approval ............................................................... 2

Acknowledgement......................................................................... 3

Abstract......................................................................................... 4

Contents......................................................................................... 5

List of figures……………………………………………………. 7

List of Tables……………………………………………………... 8

1. Introduction ……………………… 9

2. Literature Survey 11

3. Problem Identification 12

4. Methodology 13
4.1 Block diagram of model 15
4.2 Hardware required 15

4.2.1 Arduino Uno 15

i. Parameters for Arduino Uno description 17
4.2.2 ESP8266 (wi-fi module) 18
4.2.3 Ultrasonic Sensor 19
ii. HC-SRO4 Ultrasonic Sensor
4.2.4 Bread board and Jump wires 21

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5. Proposed System 23
5.1 Architecture Diagram 25

6. Configuring Blynk App 26

6.1 Working Process 28
6.2 Experimental results 32

7. System Testing 34
7.1 Test Approach
7.2 Feature to be tested
7.3 Testing tools and environment

8. Future Scope of work and Conclusion 35

9. References 37

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 LIST OF FIGURES

4.1 Block diagram 13

4.2.1 Arduino Uno 15

4.2.2 ESP8266 18

4.2.3 Ultrasonic Sensor 19

4.2.4 Bread board and Jump wire 23

6 Hardware Component connection 24

7 Sketch Diagram 25

9 Configuration with Blynk app and 26

Account creation

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 List of Table

4.2.1 I) Parameters for Arduino UNO description 17

4.2.3 ii) HC-SRO4 Ultrasonic Sensor 20

5.1 Architecture diagram 25

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

IoT or Internet Things refers to the network of connected physical

objects that can communicate and exchange data among themselves without the
desideratum of any human intervention. It has been formally defined as an
“Infrastructure of Information Society” because IoT sanctions us to amass
information from all kind of mediums such as humans, animals, conveyances,
kitchen appliances. Thus, any object in the physical world which can be
provided with an IP address to enable data transmission over a network can be
made part of IoT system by embedding them with electronic hardware such as
sensors, software and networking gear. IoT is different than Internet as in a way
it transcends Internet connectivity by enabling everyday objects that utilizes
embedded circuits to interact and communicate with each other utilizing the
current Internet infrastructure Since then the scope of IoT has grown
tremendously as currently it consists of more than 12 billion connected devices
and according to the experts it will increase to 50 billion by the end of 2020.
With the advent of IoT both manufacturers and consumers have benefited.
Manufacturers have gained insight into how their products are used and how
they perform out in the real world and increase their revenues by providing
value added services which enhances and elongates the lifecycle of their
products or services. Consumers on the other hand have the ability to integrate
and control more than one devices for a more customized and improved user
experience. In this paper, we are going to propose a system for the immediate
cleaning of the dustbins. As dustbin is considered as a basic need to maintain the
level of cleanliness in the city, so it is very important to clean all the dustbins as
soon as they get filled. We will use ultrasonic sensors for this system. The sensor
will be placed on top of bin which will help in sending the information to the
office that the level of garbage has reached its maximum level. After this the bin
should be emptied as soon as possible. The concept of IoT when used in this
field will result in a better environment for the people to live in. No more
unsanitary conditions will be formed in the city. With the help of this system
minimal number of smart bins can be used around the whole city and the city
will still be much cleaner. There has been an unprecedented growth in the
number of devices being connected to the Internet since past few years.
All these devices connected to the internet are part of the IoT infrastructure
which can communicate with each other. The IoT network consists of embedded
electronics, sensors and software that allows these devices to send and receive
data among each other.

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This is why it is beneficial to use such an existing infrastructure for designing
the proposed security system. The disadvantages of the existing system are that
the employees have to go and check the bins daily whether they are filled or not,
it results in high cost. If the bin doesn’t get emptied on time then the
environment becomes unhygienic and illness could be spread. The proposed
system will help in removing all these disadvantages. The real-time information
can be gained regarding the level of the dustbin filled on the system itself. It will
also help in reducing the cost as the employees will have to go only at that time
when the bin is full. This will also help in resource optimization and if the bins
will be emptied at time then the environment will remain safe and free from all
kinds of diseases. The cities will become more cleaner and the smells of the
garbage will be much less.

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 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY

o A smart Dustbin proposed by, based on IoT in which the smart bin was
built on a platform which was based on Arduino Uno board which was
interfaced with a GSM modem and an ultrasonic sensor.
o The sensor was placed on the top of the bin. A threshold level was set as
10cm. As the garbage reaches the level of threshold, the sensor triggers
the GSM modem which alerts the associated authority till the garbage in
the bin is emptied.
o At the end a conclusion was made that various issues like affordability,
maintenance and durability were addressed when these smart bins were
designed. It also contributed towards a hygienic and clean environment in
the process of building a smart city.
o The researchers suggest the method for garbage management which is
as follows. The bin was interfaced with a system based on
microcontroller which had IR wireless systems with a central system that
showed the current status of the garbage in the bin.
o The status was seen on a mobile based web browser with a html page by
using Wi-Fi. To reduce the cost, they only used weight-based sensors and
on the sender's side they only used a Wi-Fi module to send and receive
the data. In the end the sensor could only detect the weight of waste
present in the bin but not the level of waste.

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 CHAPTER 3

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

o Ensuring the Ultrasonic distance sensor are correctly placed. If the pile of
dump increased in the middle the sensor could be giving misleading data.

o There could be liquid/water thrown in to the bin. The design needs to

have water proof electronics and embedded software.

o The BIGGEST issue availability of 3G/4G Cellular networks. The fact

that we made a model at home bypassed this issue as we used Wi-Fi. This
in fact is this only main issue, although personally I feel in a couple of
years every corner of the world will have Internet Connection

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 CHAPTER 4
METHODOLOGY

4.1 Block diagram of model

fig.4.1 Block diagram

The IoT-based smart waste monitoring and control system consists of seven
units. This prototype device consists of the waste bin unit, an ultrasonic sensor
unit, a power supply unit, a monitoring and control unit, a liquid crystal display
(LCD) unit, a light-emitting diode (LED) unit, a Wi-Fi connectivity unit, and a
user interface unit.

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The overall system operation is controlled by a single microcontroller
(monitoring and control unit). This unit is programmed based on how other
peripherals and components of the system behave. The ultrasonic sensors are
used to detect the garbage distance inside the garbage bin. The ultrasonic sensor
poses the capabilities to measure the distance to or from an object by using
sound waves.
The sensor determines and measures the distance by transmitting a sound wave
at a particular frequency and by listening to the sound wave to bounce back.
In order to determine the distance between the sonar and the object, the time
difference between when the sound wave is transmitted and when the wave is
bounced back is computed. However, it is essential to know that some objects
may not be detected by ultrasonic sensors. The sensed data from the sensors are
monitored and controlled in the monitoring and control unit. The light-emitting
diode unit provides status information on the levels of garbage in the garbage
bins. If the level is less than 50%, the green LED will turn on; the status message
“emptied” will be displayed, as well as the measured distance. If the level is
greater than 50% and less than 70%, the yellow LED will turn on, and the status
message “half-filled” will be displayed, as well as the measured distance.
If the level is above 70% the red LED will turn on, and the status message
“filled” will be displayed, as well as the measured distance. The processed data
will be displayed on the LCD screen and also sent to the remote server via the
Wi-Fi module, which would store the information in a database. A web
application was designed and implemented using PHP programming language to
query the data from the database through Wi-Fi connectivity and display the
information onto a web page for remote viewing and monitoring. Users can
access the garbage status or level information through the website. The website
can be accessed with the use of electronic gadget such as a laptop, desktop, and
smartphone devices. The sensed data will be uploaded to the data log file and
updated continuously. The displayed data on the web page will be updated in
every 5 min.

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4.2 HARDWARE REQUIRED

❖ Arduino Uno
❖ ESP8266 (wi-fi module)
❖ Ultrasonic Sensor
❖ Bread board and Jump wires

4.2.1. Arduino Uno

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Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics projects.
Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred
to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development
Environment) that runs on your computer, used to write and upload computer
code to the physical board.
o The Arduino platform has become quite popular with people just starting
out with electronics, and for good reason. Unlike most previous
programmable circuit boards, the Arduino does not need a separate piece
of hardware (called a programmer) in order to load new code onto the
board – you can simply use a USB cable. Additionally, the Arduino IDE
uses a simplified version of C++, making it easier to learn to program.
Finally, Arduino provides a standard form factor that breaks out the
functions of the micro-controller into a more accessible package. The
Arduino is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega8. It has 14
digital -input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6
Analog inputs, a16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power
jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to
support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB
cable or power it with a AC- to-DC adapter or battery to get started . The
Uno differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI
USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega16U2
(Atmega8U2 up to version R2) programmed as a USB-to-serial converter.
Revision 2 of the Uno board has a resistor pulling the 8U2HWB line to
ground, making it easier to put into DFU mode. Revision of the board has
the following new features:
o Pin out: added SDA and SCL pins that are near to the AREF pin and two
other new pins placed near to the RESET pin, the IOREF that allow the
shields to adapt to the voltage provided from the board. In future, shields
will be compatible with both the board that uses the AVR, which operates
with 5V and with the Arduino Due that operates with 3.3V. The second
one is a not connected pin that is reserved for future purposes.
o Stronger RESET circuit.
o AT mega 16U2 replace the 8U2.
"Uno" means one in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of
Arduino 1.0. The Uno and version 1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduino,
moving forward. The Uno is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards, and
the reference model for the Arduino platform.

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i. Parameters For Arduino UNO description

Microcontroller ATmega328

Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32KB(ATmega328) of which 0.5KB used by
bootloader

SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)

Clock Speed 16MHz

Length 68.6 mm

Width 53.4 mm

Weight 53gm

Table 1. Specifications of Arduino

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4.2.2 ESP8266 (wi-fi module)

ESP8266 is a Wi-Fi module which will give your projects access to Wi-Fi or
internet. It is a very cheap device but it will make your projects very powerful. It
can communicate with any microcontroller and make the projects wireless. It is
in the list of most leading devices in the IOT platform. It runs on 3.3V and if you
will give it 5V then it will get damage. The ESP8266 has 8 pins; the VCC and
CH-PD will be connected to the 3.3V to enable the wi-fi. The TX and RX pins
will be responsible for the communication of ESP8266 with the Arduino. The

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RX pin works on 3.3V so you will have to make a voltage divider for it as it
used for implementation. ESP8266 is shown in figure 2.

4.2.3 Ultrasonic Sensor

ii) HC-SRO4 UITRASONIC SENSOR

HC-SR04 is an ultrasonic sensor which is used for measuring the distance

between the top of the lid to the top of the garbage

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PIN NUMBER PIN NAME DESCRIPTION

1 VCC The Vcc pin powers the

sensor, typically with +5V

2 Trigger Trigger pin is an Input pin.

This pin has to be kept
high for 10us to initialize
measurement by sending
US wave

3 Echo Echo pin is an Output pin.

This pin goes high for a
period of time which will
be equal to the time taken
for the US wave to return
back to the sensor

4 GND This pin is connected to

the Ground of the system.

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The Ultrasonic Sensor is used to measure the distance with high accuracy and
stable readings. It can measure distance from 2cm to 400cm or from 1 inch to 13
feet. It emits an ultrasound wave at the frequency of 40KHz in the air and if the
object will come in its way then it will bounce back to the sensor. By using that
time which it takes to strike the object and comes back, you can calculate the
distance. Distance can be measured by equation 1.

Distance = Time * sound speed /2. (1)

Where Time = the time between an ultrasonic wave is received and transmitted.
It has four pins. Two are VCC and GND which will be connected to the 5V and
the GND of the Arduino while the other two pins are Trig and Echo pins which
will be connected to any digital pins of the Arduino. The trig pin will send the
signal and the Echo pin will be used to receive the signal. To generate an
ultrasound signal, you will have to make the Trig pin high for about 10us which
will send a 8 cycle sonic burst at the speed of sound and after striking the object,
it will be received by the Echo pin. Ultrasonic sensor as shown in figure 3.

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4.2.4 Bread board and Jump wires

A modern solderless breadboard consists of a perforated block of plastic with

numerous tin plated phosphor bronze or nickel silver alloy spring clips under the
perforations. The clips are often called tie points or contact points.
The number of tie points is often given in the specification of the breadboard.
The spacing between the clips (lead pitch) is typically 0.1 in (2.54 mm).
Integrated circuits (ICs) in dual in-line packages (DIPs) can be inserted to
straddle the Center line of the block. Interconnecting wires and the leads of
discrete components (such as capacitors, resistors, and inductors) can be inserted
into the remaining free holes to complete the circuit. Where ICs are not used,
discrete components and connecting wires may use any of the holes. A
breadboard is utilized to build and test circuits expeditiously afore finalizing any
circuit design. The breadboard has many apertures into which route components
like ICs and resistors can be connected. A typical breadboard that includes top
and bottom power distribution rails is shown below figure 4. Jump wires are
generally used to establish connectivity with bread board as shown in figure 5.

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 CHAPTER 5
Proposed System

The existing system has the limitations as time consuming, trucks go and empty
the containers, even they are empty. The cost is high with unhygienic
environment. Even the bad odour causes the unhealthy environment. So,
proposed model talks about how to make use of the recent advancements in
technology to make our place clean and tidy. The implementation starts by setup
ESP8266 by flashing the latest version of the firmware. This enables the Blynk
libraries efficiently communicate and avoid producing error. To flash the latest
firmware, download the ESP8266 flasher tool and the latest firmware from the
internet which would be in the bin format and flash the ESP8266 with it. Once
the ESP8266 flashing done, other components can be added to the configuration.
we need a breadboard to connect the microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor, buzzer
and the ESP8266 using the jumper wires. The breadboard is used to interface
between the various components available. It also makes it easy to connect
multiple inputs to a single pin on the Arduino board. The connection of
hardware parts are shown in figure 6.

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Following sketch diagram as shown in Figure 7, shows how the components are
supposed to be connected together using the breadboard and the jumper wires.

24
5.1 Architecture Diagram

25
 CHAPTER 6
Configuring Blynk App

To connect to the internet we make use of a prebuilt platform called Blynk app.
After the user installs the Blynk app on the smartphone, an account to be created
in the app to access its services. The services are enabled for the signed users.
Let us create an account and add a new project to get started.
An unique authentication code is used by the code to communicate with the
project. The Blynk needs to be running in the background for the user to get real
time notifications. The working process of the proposed model can be clearly
seen in the following figure 9. The configuration of Blynk app and account
creation is shown in figure 10.

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27
6.1 Working Process
After the account creation, the Arduino will first read the ultrasonic sensor, It
will send the signal with the speed of sound. It revert back after striking the
object and the travel time is store based on equation1. Thus the distance of the
object is calculated. Based on the distance we can identify the garbage level to
be low or high. We used the term “overflow” to indicate the necessary for
cleaning process. Thus the mobile is enable with the term as “Overflow”.
Sample code is given below implemented in the proposed work.

Sample Code :

#define BLYNK_DEBUG
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial
//Include ESP and Blynk libraries
#include <ESP8266_SoftSer.h>
#include<BlynkSimpleShieldEsp8266_SoftSer.h>
#include<SimpleTimer.h>
SimpleTimer timer;
// Set ESP8266 Serial object
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerialEspSerial(2, 3); // RX, TX
ESP8266 wifi(EspSerial);
const int trigPin = 8;
const int echoPin = 9;
char auth[] = "f07820f6001843bca8052d3ef336eade";
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Delay(10);
// Set ESP8266 baud rate
// 9600 is recommended for Software Serial
EspSerial.begin(9600);
delay(10);

Blynk.begin(auth, wifi, "hash", "abc123mnb");

timer.setInterval(3000, CheckDistance);
}

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.
.
.
void CheckDistance()
{
long duration, inches;
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
Serial.print(inches);
Serial.print("in ");
Serial.println();
Blynk.virtualWrite(V5, inches);
//Check whether Bin is full or not
if(inches < 2)
{

Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, 255);
Blynk.notify(" Yaaay....Overflow!!");
}
delay(1000);
}

Once the code has been compiled, upload it to the Arduino Uno board by
connecting the board to the computer using a 2.0 USB cable. The code for
uploading is given in figure 11.

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30
After uploading the program click on “Serial monitor” to start running the code.
Once the code starts to run, first thing it will do is to try and connect to ESP8266
to the access point pre-defined in the code. If the ESP8266 connects the model
starts via the Blynk servers by sending a ping message. The connection of
ESP8266 with the Blynk app is shown in figure 12.

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6.2 Experimental results

The system was checked repeatedly by increasing and decreasing the level of
garbage in the bin. Notification was sent each time the level got changed. The
user checked the notification was checked by the user on the Blynk app, so it can
be said that the system has worked in the way we planned. Proper security was
also given to the hardware components so that the output which comes is
accurate because further actions have to be taken based on the output. The result
of the notification is provided in figure 13.

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Several experiments were conducted using the designed device prototype. The
results are obtained from the outputs that were taken from the sensor reading
stored in the website (http://www.garbage-iot.herokuapp). Several rounds of
testing were performed to evaluate the device workability in real situations. The
measured distance from the garbage bin was transmitted to the website. This
web page performs analysis and visualization, and it displays a bar chart
showing the levels of the garbage waste, time, and location in real time for
viewing. It is essential to monitor and control the garbage height and distance
parameters in order to track the level of the garbage in the bins. This would
ensure that the values displayed by the central server system are accurate and
reliable to be used by the smart city dwellers.
Figure 3a–c illustrate the garbage waste level indicators. The red LED light
on the LED light unit will illuminate to indicate that the garbage bin is almost
filled up (i.e., the status is “filled”), and this will be displayed in the red bar chart
graph as shown in Figure 3a. When the status of the garbage bin is “half-filled”,
the yellow LED light will illuminate, and the result will be displayed in the
yellow bar chart as illustrated in Figure 3b. When the garbage bin is almost
empty (i.e., the status is “empty”), the green LED light illuminates, and the green
bar chart is displayed as illustrated in Figure 3c. In a highly populated city, this
will help to keep the cities clean and tidy. In addition, this will ensure enormous
advances in technology, most especially in this present age where there is a
tremendous advancement in creativity and in using technology to better the lives
of smart city dwellers and the environment.

33
 CHAPTER 7
SYSTEM TESTING

7.1 Test approach

We will test the project in two stages: software and hardware. The software part
is to be tested via the Arduino IDE, whereas the hardware part has to be tested
physically. It is necessary to check whether the system is working properly or
not. To check whether the readings are accurate, we will check the distance
pointed out by the sensor by a meter tape.

7.2 Features to be tested

After building the whole circuit we test it, testing procedure is given in 5.1. This
project should satisfy some features. Features to be tested as follows:
• The ultrasonic sensor should give proper output. To check whether the output
is accurate or not, the output of the sensor will be checked against a meter tape.
• The Arduino board should show the distance in the serial monitor. So should
the Node MCU.
• The GSM module should send messages after the specified delay. If the text
messages are reaching the phone, that means the GSM module is working. It
should make a small ringing sound, when it sends messages.
• The DHT11 sensor should work properly and show its output in the serial
monitor.
• The Blynk app should be checked.

7.3 Testing tools and environment

For testing of the project we require some tools, like to test Arduino program we
require a software called Arduino IDE. Using this we can check the program that
program is working properly or not. For hardware checking we require power
supply and proper range of measurements and a meter tape. The garbage dump
should have only solid waste. The Node MCU should connect to the Blynk app
and the app should show the output. For this the Node MCU must connect first
to the wi-fi hotspot.

34
 CHAPTER 8
FUTURE SCOPE OF WORK AND CONCLUSION

8.1 SCOPE AND PROJECT

• Implementation is done only for a single bin.

• Integration of many bins each with unique id can be done by

implementing principles of IOT.

• In future, a team can be made which will be in charge for handling and
maintaining this system and also to take care of its maintenances.

• Automated system can be developed which is able to pick up waste in and

around the bin, segregate them and put them in respective bins

The main objective is to maintain the level of cleanliness in the city and form an
environment which is better for living. By using this system we can constantly
check the level of the garbage in the dustbins which are placed in various parts
of the city. If a particular dustbin has reached the maximum level then the
employees can be informed and they can immediately take certain actions to
empty it as soon as possible. The employees can check the status of these bins
anytime on their mobile phones. This can prove to be a very useful system if
used properly. The system can be used as a benchmark by the people who are
willing to take one step further for increasing the cleanliness in their respected
areas. Ultrasonic sensor is being used in this system to check the level of
garbage in the dustbins but in future various other types of sensors can be used
with the ultrasonic sensor to get more precise output and to take this system to
another level. Now this system can be used in certain areas but as soon as it
proves its credibility it can be used in all the big areas. As this system also
reduces manual work certain changes can be done in the system to take it to
another level and make it more useful for the employees and people who are
using it.

35
8.2 CONCLUSION

We built an efficient garbage monitoring system which can be used to monitor

the level of garbage in the dump. This data can be further used to plan garbage
collection trips more efficiently, ultimately reducing overflowing bins and
helping have better public sanitation.

Advantages:
• Very simple circuit.
• The HCSR04 sensor is very rugged.
• Helps monitor garbage levels.
• Uses very small amount of electricity.
• Ultimately helps in better planning of garbage pickups.
• Can help in reducing overflowing bins.
• Reduces trips to areas where the bins still have a lot of capacity.

Disadvantages:
• Cannot detect liquid waste.
• Only detects the top of the garbage level. It wouldn’t realize if there
Is there is space left.
• GSM module needs a 12v source.

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 CHAPTER 9
REFERENCES

[1] Monika K A, Rao N, Prapulla S B and Shobha G 2016 Smart Dustbin-An

Efficient Garbage Monitoring System International Journal of Engineering
Science and Computing 6 7113-16
[2] Navghane S S, Killedar M S and Rohokale D V 2016 IoT Based Smart
Garbage and Waste Collection Bin International Journal of Advanced Research
in Electronics and Communication Engineering (IJARECE) 5 1576-78
[3] Kasliwal Manasi H and Suryawanshi Smithkumar B 2016 A Novel approach
to Garbage Management Using Internet of Things for smart cities International
Journal of Current Trends in Engineering & Research 2 348-53.
[4] Medvedev A, Fedchenkov P, Zaslavsky A, Anagnostopoulos T and
Khoruzhnikov S 2015 Waste management as an IoT-enabled service in smart
cities In Conference on Smart Spaces Springer International Publishing 104-15
[5] Schafer G 1994 U.S. Patent No. 5,326,939. Washington DC: U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office.
[6] Anitha A, Paul G and Kumari S 2016 A Cyber defence using Artificial
Intelligence International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 8 25352-57
[7] Anitha A, Kalra S and Shrivastav 2016 A Cyber defense using artificialhome
automation system using IoT International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology
8 25358-6
[8] Medvedev A, Fedchenkov P, Zaslavsky A, Anagnostopoulos T and
Khoruzhnikov S,2015 Waste management as an IoT-enabled service in smart
cities In Conference on Smart Spaces Springer International Publishing 104-15.
[9] www.buildofy.in/smart_home_designs
[10]https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/Technovation/smart-garbage-
monitoring-systemusing-arduino-101-3b813c
[11] https://github.com/sourabhdeshmukh/Smart-Dustbin
[12] http://invent.module143.com/temperature-and-humidity-using-nodemcu-
blynk/
[13] http://help.blynk.cc/getting-started-library-auth-token-code-
examples/blynk-basics/whatis-virtual-pins
[14] http://help.blynk.cc/getting-started-library-auth-token-code-
examples/blynk-basics/howto-display-any-sensor-data-in-blynk-app

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