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Figure. 2 System architecture of the asynchronous MI-BCI
applicable to BrainRunners online BCI game. The system classification result of the asynchronous BCI system is not
architecture is shown in Fig. 2. transmitted to the remote application.
1) Calibration phase: The subjects are instructed to a) Online interface control: Connecting the BCI system
perform motor imagination tasks indicated on the gray screen to BrainRunners, the avatar is synchronized to each subject.
for every eight seconds. One trial is composed of 2 s fixation While the avatars are standing at the starting line, every
cross, 4 s motor imagery cued by arrows, and 2 s blank screen. command is invalid. After starting the race, the subject
There are the arrow-shaped visual cues pointing left, right, or controls the avatar using the BCI input.
down and each cue corresponds to imaginary movement of the
III. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
left hand (LH), right hand (RH), or foot (F). Also the blank
screen refers to resting state (REST). In one run, 25 trials of In the real world, the key is how does BCI system rapidly
each motor imagination condition are recorded. Above all, we detect and correctly discriminate the user’s different intention.
This paper has described a novel design of the multiclass
record the raw EEG data in one run of performed movements asynchronous MI-BCI for control of a virtual avatar. In
and then three runs of imagined movements [1]. The recorded particular, finding the subject-specific parameters in the
the EEG signals are used for the training of the classifier and multiclass extension of FBCSP and applying those in the
assessment of generalization error by cross-validation [2]. asynchronous MI-BCI would improve the performance of
a) Filter Bank Common Spatial Pattern: In the FBCSP, classification compared to the previous MI-BCI studies. In
the EEG signals are first bandpass-filtered into multiple addition, the introduction of the overlapped sliding window for
frequency bands, namely, 4-8, 8-12, …, 36-40 Hz [4]. The real-time operation is expected to make the system more
signals are segmented in the regular time interval of 4s. After efficient and the user more convenient. Therefore, our future
that, spatial filtering using the Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) work is to implement this designed BCI and demonstrate the
for multiclass MI is performed for nine bands. Then, Mutual systematic efficiency in some experiments.
Information based Best Individual Feature (MIBIF) algorithm
is used to select the discriminative CSP features from the filter ACKNOWLEDGMENT
bank [4]. This work was supported by ICT R&D program of
b) Regularized Linear Discriminant Analysis: The MSIP/IITP. [R0126-15-1107, Development of Intelligent
shrinkage-Regularized Linear Discriminant Analysis (RLDA) Pattern Recognition Softwares for Ambulatory Brain-Computer
is used to classify the selected features. In particular, the Interface].
RLDA classifier in One-Versus-Rest (OVR) approach is
employed for classification of four-class of MI (e.g., LH, RH, REFERENCES
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http://www.cybathlon.ethz.ch/the-disciplines/bci-race.html
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