Education and the Law

Midterm Exam
School Year 2020-2021
Dr. Dulce Notario
Professor
Name: MARY ROSE L. ARENGA
SECTION: MAED 2201A

1. Explain Batas Pambansa No. 232 Section 10-12 in Maintaining Quality

Education.
The Batas Pambansa No. 232 Section 10-12 Section 10-12,
Maintenance of Quality Education or known as “Education Act of 1982”, is
an act that established and maintained an integrated system of education in
the country.
In Section 10, the Rights of all School Personnel, in the right of free
expression, suggestions, and opinions, it says that school personnel have the
right to seek to communicate his own views to others, as well as the right to
receive opinions and news from others. As a school personnel we are
entitled to our own opinion, suggestion, and freedom of expression provided
we do not violate the rights of other people. Freedom of expression has
certain limitations, such as libel, slander, obscenity, pornography, sedition,
incitement, fighting words, classified information, copyright violation, trade
secrets,  right to privacy, dignity, public security, and perjury. Also
mentioned, a public school personnel or a private school personnel has the
right to be provided with free legal service when charged with
administrative, civil and criminal cases. This is to protect public or private
school personnel on service and to ensure equality before the law, the right
to counsel and the right to a fair trial. The right to establish, join and
maintain labor organizations and/or professional and self-regulating
organizations of their choice to promote their welfare and defend their
interests. School personnel are also free to establish, join, maintain labor
organization just like PAFTE and ACT. Involuntary contributions are also
not imposed but in our school we have the Faculty Organization, so we have
to give contributions as written by-laws.
Special Rights or Privileges of Teaching or Academic Staff on Section
11 is also highlighted. The right to be free from compulsory assignments not
related to their job description. Teachers are free to turn down assignments
given by the their administrator if such duty is out of their job description.
Next is right to intellectual property, for example teacher’s modules and
books that they have authored are protected by copyright. When in the
discharge out of lawful duties and responsibilities, teachers must be given
due respect like for example serving in the election. Voters should respect
the school personnel since they are there to serve. Teachers are also given
free-will to choose alternative career lines whether to be administration,
classroom teaching that’s why in taking career advancement like seminars,
Masters or doctorate degree we have the freedom to choose in which line we
will be undertaking.
In section 12, Special Rights of School Administrators, they are given
administrative discretion provided it is line with the Ministry of Education,
Culture and Sport that time but today, the DepEd that is necessary for
efficient and effective performance. We should give utmost regard and
respect with our school administrator since they are the person in authority.
Discretion in administration allows schools heads to use professional
expertise and judgment when making decisions or performing official duties.
 2. What are the rights of the students in school? Explain each.
The following are the rights of the students in school (Section 9 of Batas Pambansa
232):

 The right to receive competent instruction, relevant quality education.

Every student deserves quality education, so we as teachers must be able to
provide this by giving quality instructions by studying our materials at home
that suits the student’s learning needs, use of groupings/ teamwork by
knowing each of your student’s capacity and use of hands-n workshops. We
must mentor our students during this activity. We should also learn from
them by knowing their insights.
 The right to freely choose their field of study subject to the existing curricula
and continue their course up to graduation, except in cases of academic
deficiency or violations of disciplinary regulations. It is giving them the
free-will to choose in which field of study they want to be whether in
medical or administrative courses like today, students has their already their
academic track in senior high school for. The Academic track includes three
strands: Business, Accountancy, Management (BAM); Humanities,
Education, Social Sciences (HESS); and Science, Technology, Engineering,
Mathematics (STEM). In which they can already foresee what course they
will be taking on their university level.
 The right to school guidance and counseling services. Guidance and
counselling services is necessary for student’s holistic development like
academics, social, emotional and personal development. Guidance and
counselling for students enables them to get to know themselves better and
find effective solutions for daily problems.
 The right to access to his owns school records and the confidentiality of it.
School Records are official and confidential documents and this is under the
Data Privacy Act of 2012.
 The right to issuance of official certificates, diplomas, transcript of records,
grades, transfer credentials and similar document within thirty days from
request. Students have the right to request official documents such as official
certificates, diplomas, transfer credentials and TOR provided that  student
has no pending accountabilities with a school and is eligible for transfer to
another educational institution, or for admission into another degree program
in the same educational institution.
 The right to publish a student newspaper and invite resource persons during
symposia, assemblies and other activities. In our school we have school
papers and it is given to all students yearly. Symposiums like drug
symposium, women’s month symposium, assemblies and activities like
Science and MAPEH Fairs are also observed in our schools to showcase
student’s abilities in speaking and sharing ideas, art and physical skills. This
can improve students social skills. Extracurricular activities also help
students expand their networks, which is beneficial for finding career
opportunities after graduation.
 The right to free expression of opinions and suggestions and to effective
channels of communication with appropriate academic and administrative
bodies of the school or institutions.  The importance of establishing good
communication at a young age is critical in a child's development and future
learning. Having effective communication can help to build and foster a safe
learning environment where students can thrive, prosper and learn. It also
 builds connection with the knowledgeable people and help them become
better at socialization.
 The right to form or establish, join and participate in organizations and
societies recognized by the school or to form, join and maintain
organizations and societies for purposes not contrary to law. In school’s we
have organizations and societies that can develop friendships, finding your
own people or league, boost goals, try something new and making our
school a better place.
 The right to be free from involuntary contributions except those approved by
their organizations and societies. Some organizations have involutary
contributions in order for them to make projects and new innovations at
schools.
3. What is the most important contribution of Senator Roco in Public
Education?
Senator Raul S. Roco has made several contributions to education in the
Philippines. He helped fund the teachers’ cooperatives as well as the
increment mandated by the Magna Carta for Public School Teachers for
retiring public school teachers. On the students’ side, he helped bring
computers into Philippine universities, colleges, and public schools. In
addition, he devised a plan for meal scholarships for poor students at the
Philippine Normal University. His most important contribution in Public
Education is imposing a department-wide transparency policy which held
employees accountable for the purchase of textbooks, which had been a
major source of the department's corruption. It allowed the department of
education to purchase books at a lower price and he gained 73% approval
rating after eight months. He became the most trusted government agency in
the Philippines.
4. How will every pupils/ students developed their moral ethics in flag raising
and flag retreat ceremony as a sign of respect to our country?
Every pupil/ student can develop their moral ethics in flag raising and flag
retreat ceremony as a sign of respect to our country by holding a flag-raising
ceremony every Monday and flag-lowering ceremony every Friday. During
the flag-raising ceremony, the assembly shall stand in formation facing the
flag. At the moment the first note of the anthem is heard, everyone in the
premises shall come to attention; moving vehicles shall stop. All persons
present shall place their right palms over their chests, those with hats shall
uncover; while those in military, scouting, security guard, and citizens
advancement training uniforms shall give the salute prescribed by their
regulations, which salute shall be completed upon the last note of the
anthem.
During the flag lowering, the flag shall be lowered solemnly and slowly so
that the flag shall be down the mast at the sound of the last note of the
anthem. Those in the assembly shall observe the same deportment or shall
observe the same behavior as for the flag-raising ceremony.
5. Do you think at this present time CHED plays an important role in
improving our educational system in every college and universities?
Yes, I think at this present time CHED plays an important role in improving
our educational system in every college and universities by incorporating
student-centered learning and outcomes-based curriculum of teaching and
learning and has brought liberal arts and technical and vocational education
into the curriculum. By also providing free tuitions or students enrolled in
undergraduate programs in public higher education institutions and
established subsidies for disadvantaged Filipino undergraduate students
across the entire higher education system. According to Foundation for
Economic Freedom, 2015, “To improve the quality of educational output.”
Better quality of the output of our higher educational sector would be the
result of four important factors: (1) The preparedness of the incoming class
of students – to emphasize the k-12 reforms and further investments in lower
levels of education. (2) Good teachers produce good students – to emphasize
the role of professional schools. (3) The government regulator sets and
monitors educational standards and benchmarks. (4) The educational
institutions are competent and innovative. Each one of these will not
improve overnight. Each involves a long evolutionary process. Through
proper regulatory interventions, government efforts could make a big
difference.