DUCATION ACT OF 1982 d

Republic Act No. 232 tegra

his was an act providing for the establishment and maintenance of an integra

system of education. In accordance with Section 2, this act shall appiy and

govern both formal and non-formal svstenm in public and private school n ar

levels of the entire education system. ocial

1o achieve and maintain an accelerating of economic development and SOca

1o ensure the maximum participation of all the people in the attainment a

progress.

enjoyment of the benefits of such growth; and

To achieve and strengthen national unity and consciousness and pres

develop and promote desirable culture, moral and spiritual values in changing

world.

It is also stated in Section 3 that:

The State shall promote the right of every individual to relevant qualy

education, regardless of sex, age, creed socio-economic status, physical and

mental conditions, racial or ethnic origin, political or other affiliation. The State

shall thereof promote and maintain equality of access to education as well as the

benefits of education by all its citizens.

Rights of Students in School (Section 9)

The right to receive competent instruction, relevant quality education.

The right to freely choose their field of study subject to the existing curricula and

continue their course up to graduation, except in cases of academic deficiency or

violations of disciplinary regulations.

The right to school guidance and counseling services.

The right to access to his owns school records and the confidentiality of it.

The right to issuance of official certificates, diplomas, transcript of records,

grades, transfer credentials and similar document within thirty days from request.

The right to publish a student newspaper and invite resource persons during

symposia, assemblies and other activities.

The right to free expression of opinions and suggestion and to effective channels

or communication with appropriate academic and administrative bodies of the

school or institution.

The right to form or establish, join and participate in organizations and societies

recognized by the school.., or to form, join and maintain organizations and

societies for purpose not contrary to law.

The right to be free from involuntary contributions except those approved by

their organizations and societies.

Right of All School Personnel (Section 10)

Free expression of opinion and suggestions.

10 be provided with free legal service by the appropriate government onCe

case of public school personnel and the school authorities concerned in case of

private school personnel, when charged in administrative, civil andor criminal

tions

proceedings, by parties other than the school authorities concerned, for acuo

committed directly in the lawful discharged of professional duties and/or

defense of school policies. their

EStablish join, maintain labor organization of their choice to promote L

welfare and defend their interest.

1o be free from involuntary contributions except those imposed by their ow

organizations.

Special Rights and/or Privileges of Teaching or Academic Staff (Section 13)

Right to be free compulsory assignment not related to their duties defined in their

Ppoiniment of employment contracts unless compensated thereof. (additional

compensation Sec.14 RA. 4670-at least 25% his regular remuneration)

Right to intellectual property.

Teachers are persons in authority when in lawful discharge of duties and

responsibilities ... shall therefore be accorded dua respect and protection

(Commonwealth Act No. 578)

Teachers shall be given opportunity to choose career alternative for

advancements.

Right of Administrators (Section 12)

School administrators shall be deemed persons in authority while in the lawful

discharge of their duties and responsibilities... Shall be accorded due respect and

protection (Commonwealth Act No. 578)

Rights of Schools (Section 13)

The right of their governing boards... to adopt and enforce administrative or

management systems.

The right of institutions of higher learning to determine on academic grounds

who shall be admitted to study, who may teach, and who shall be the subjects of

the study and research.

Maintenance of Quality Education

Voluntary Accreditation (Section 29)

Teachers and Administrators obligations and qualification (Section 16 and 17)

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

A philosophy of education is a statement that identifies and clarifies the belies

values and understandings of an individual or group with respect to education.

Detined in this sense, it may be thought of as a more-or-less organized body or

knowledge and opinion on education, both as it is conceptualized and as it is

practiced.

A philosophy of this sort is critical in defining and directing the purposes,

objectives and focus of a school.

It should also serve to inspire and direct educational planning, programs and

processes in any given setting.

A philosophy of education may influence what subjects or topics are taught, how

they are taught, and perhaps more importantly, the supporting beliefs and values that

are taught, both implicitly and explicitly, within and around the core curriculum.

FUNCTIOON OF EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy of education performs various functions.

a) Determining the aspects of education:

1. Aims of education

-Philosophy of education provides original ideas regarding all aspects of

education particularly educational aims, method of teaching, curriculum,

teacher, students etc.

-it guides the process of education by suggesting suitable aims from the
diversities of life and selecting the means accordingly.

2. Curriculum

nelps curriculum designer to construct curriculum according to e

need, ability and interest of the learner.

3. Methods of teaching

Educational philosophy is very much helpful to adopt suitable methods or

teaching.

we get the knowledge of different methods of teaching.

-t helps us to choose the suitable methods of teaching according to tne

nature of the subject and school environment.

4. Discipline

discipline reflects the philosophy of life.

-Idealism advocates street discipline and self-control whereas neutralism

emphasis freedom and natural discipline, and pragmatism stressed sOCial

discipline.

-these disciplines are known from he study of different educational

philosophies.

-the knowledge of educational philosophy is essential to follow a

desirable discipline.

5. Teacher & Students

-educational philosophy determines the role and quality of teacher as well

as the student diversity society.

-with the help of educational philosophy, we get knowledge pertaining to

the role of the teacher as well as student in the school and relationship
with each other.

6. Administration

b) Harmonizing old and new traditions in the field of education.

c)Providing the educational planners, administrators and educators with the

progressive vision to achieve educational development.

d) Preparing the young generation too face the challenges of the modern time

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