Group 2 – Forda Go Forda Go

Chapter 3 – Types and Patterns of Innovation

1. This type of innovation focuses on the way an organization conducts its business,
such as in the techniques of producing or marketing goods or services. Process
Innovation

2. It is a technology that fulfills a similar market need by building on an entirely new

knowledge base. Discontinuous Technology

3. It is an innovation that makes a relatively minor change from (or adjustment to)
existing practices. Incremental Innovation

4. It is a product design that is adopted by the majority of producers, typically creating a

stable architecture on which the industry can focus its efforts. Dominant Design

5. Technologies emerge slowly, grow quickly, and then fade away. This knowledge has
been described as the ___________. Technology s-curve

6. The following are the limitations of s-curve models as a prescriptive tool, except
a. It is rare that the true limits of technology are known in advance, and there is often
disagreement among firms about these limits.
b. The shape of a technology's s-curve is not set in stone. Unexpected changes in the
market can shorten or extend the life cycle of a technology.
c. Firms can influence the shape of the s-curve through their development activities.
d. It is used as a tool for predicting when technology will reach its limits and
when a firm should move to a new, more radical technology.

7. It is an innovation that changes the overall design of a system or the way its
components interact with each other.
a. Radical Innovation
b. Process Innovation
c. Architectural Innovation
d. Incremental Innovation

8. Both the ______________ and the _________________ have been shown to

conform to an S-shaped curve.
a. rate of performance and rate of improvement
b. rate of performance improvement and rate of adoption
c. rate of adoption and rate of improvement
d. performance improvement and performance adoption

9. The following are the adopter categories, except

a. laggards
b. early majority
c. scientists
d. late majority

10. S-curves pertain to what?

a. technology diffusion
b. technology improvement
c. technology improvement and technology diffusion
d. none of these

11. Architectural innovations are often considered more radical and more competence-
destroying than component innovations. True

12. How innovation is described on a dimension does not depend on who is doing the
describing and with what it is being compared. False

13. When a technology’s performance is plotted against the amount of effort and money
invested in the technology, it typically shows slow initial improvement, then accelerated
improvement, then diminishing improvement. True
14. Component enhancing is an innovation to one or more components that do not
significantly affect the overall configuration of the system. False

15. Technology diffusion is the spread of technology through a population; it accelerates

as the technology becomes better understood and utilized by the mass market, and
eventually, the market is saturated. True

16. Architectural innovation is an innovation that is very new and different from prior
solutions. False

17. Process innovations are embodied in the outputs of an organization—its goods or

services, even if those products are services. True

19. Incremental innovation is an innovation that makes a relatively minor change from
existing practices. True

20. Technology trajectory refers to the path the technology takes through its lifetime.
True

21. The adopter categories are composed of innovators, early adopters, early adopters,
late majority, and laggards. True

22. Customer requirement demands often improve faster than technologies. False

23. Segment zero is a portion of the market that is frequently neglected by most players
in the market. True

24. Utterback and Abernathy characterized the technology in two phases, the fluid
phase and the dominant design/specific phase. True

25. Specific phase, firms experiment with different form factors or product features to
assess the market response. False