ME 862 Virtual Instrumentation (L-T-P 2-0-2 ) 3

Study guide for Mid Sem (Online)

Reference:
1. Sanjay Gupta, Joseph John. Virtual Instrumentation Using LabVIEW, McGraw-Hill, 2005
2. Holman J P. Experimental Methods for Engineers, McGraw-Hill
3. D. Patranabis Sensors and Transducers, Prentice Hall of India, 2003

Reference Chapters Remarks

1 Sanjay Gupta- (LabVIEW) 1-6 and 8 -12 LabVIEW-
2 Holman J P Measurement terminology Sensors, measurement, errors
3 D. Patranabis Sensors Different physical parameters to
measure and sensors for it, Sensor types
4 Class PPT and hand outs VI, LabVIEW, Uploaded in moodle,
5 Flip class room Videos LabVIEW, NI Hardware, DSP Uploaded in moodle
Online Resources (as given in Virtual class room – moodle)
1 https://www.ni.com/academic/students/learn/ LabVIEW - Self-Paced Video Training for Students
2 https://cnx.org/contents/W2SJC8E7@2.1:YvhhFC46@2/ CNX course –on LabVIEW
LabVIEW
3 https://www.ni.com/getting-started/labview-basics/ Introduction to LabVIEW
4 https://cnx.org/contents/i7XU7rKY@1.19:kYE4GdWc/Pr Signal Processing with LabVIEW
ogramming-Tutorials
What is Virtual Instruments? , Virtual Instrumentation components, Evolution of Virtual Instruments, Basics
of Lab VIEW, difference between texts based programming language (conventional) and Graphical
Programming.
Items to be covered in (LabVIEW ) different palettes
Function palettes (Block diagram )
1. Structure palette: For Loop, While loop, case structure, sequence structure, Expression node,
formula node, Math script, feedback, shared variable, local and global variable
2. Array palette – in general, build , operate on array
3. Cluster palette
4. Numeric palette in general (specific – Enum constant, Ring constant, expression node
5. Boolean in general (AND, OR,NOT) – think of use in specific example from your domain
6. Comparison palette – in general
7. String palette
8. Timing palette – in general
9. File I/O palette – in general (specific – write to a measurement file and read a measurement file-
various options available in these tools)
Control palettes (all items in general, & connect it with function palette) – in front panel
1. Numeric (controls and indicators )
2. Boolean (buttons & Switches)
3. Text control
4. String & Path
5. Array
6. Graph indicators
7. Ring &Enum
8. Containers
Specific class discussions on LabVIEW tools and program architectures, case studies , Lab discussion

ME 862 Virtual Instrumentation kvganga

DAQ and DSP
• Analog Vs. Digital
• Signal Conditioning – functions and specific examples
• Input signal - type and range
• Sampling rate, Throughput, Resolution, Quantization, Range, Gain, Aliasing
• Filters and its application, Filter types and basics of filter design (generic only)
• Type of A2D converters

Application of Virtual Instrumentation

Based on the class discussions
Virtual vs Real instruments, components
Advantages and specific need to go for Virtual instrumentation
DATA gathering, Analysis, decision making and implementing (control)
ACQUIRE, ANALYSE, CONTROL / REPORT

All questions will be focused to test the understanding and ability to apply the information gathered. In
depth understanding of LabVIEW coding based on the Lab work is expected and will be tested on the exam.
It is required to have clear understanding of terms in DSP, and its application along with simple calculation.
Answers need to be brief and use diagrams wherever required.

Hardware selection based on application (next page)

ME 862 Virtual Instrumentation kvganga

Glance at the specifications of hardware listed below, Selection of these hardware for appropriate
application – interim of type of signal, range of signal, resolution, sampling rate, through put (Ref. DSP Basics
PPT – Class)
A partial list of NI Modules available at NITK Centre for System Design

USB Compact DAQ Analog Input Modules

1 NI 9215 NI 9215 4 differential channels ch, 16-Bit, +/-10 V measurement range, 100 kS/s/ch, Diff Analog
Input

2 NI 9211 NI 9211, 4-Channel, 14 S/s, 24-Bit, ±80 mV Thermocouple Input Module ±80 mV input voltage
range, 50/60 Hz noise rejection, Support for J, K, T, E, N, B, R, and S TC

3 NI 9213 NI 9213 16-ch TC, 24-bit , 75 S/s/ch , C Series module, voltage measuring range ±78 mV, upto
0.02oC measurement sensitivity, J, K, T, E, N, B, R, and S thermocouple types supported, Built-in
CJC; autozero channel for offset error compensation

4 NI 9237 NI 9237 4-Ch 50 kS/s/Ch, ±25 mV/V ,24-Bit Bridge AI Module, Programmable half- and full-
bridge completion; 2 V , 5 V , 3.3 V , 2.5 V , 10 V internal excitation

5 NI 9219 NI 9219 4-Ch, 24-Bit Universal (V, mA, TC, RTD, Strain, Ω) Analog Input, Built-in quarter, half,
and full-bridge support, Built-in voltage and current excitation, 100 S/s/ch simultaneous inputs
(50S/s/ch for Thermocouple), CJC per channel for accurate thermocouple measurement

6 NI 9203 NI 9203 8-Ch ±20 mA,0 to 20mA programmable input ranges, 200 kS/s, 16-Bit AI

7 NI 9221 NI 9221 8-single ended channels, ±60 V measurement range, 800 kS/s, 12-bit AI

8 NI 9205 NI 9205 32-Single-ended or 16 differential, Channel, programmable input range ±200 mV, ±1,
±5 and ±10 V, 250 kS/s aggregate sampling rate, 16-Bit Analog Input Module

9 NI 9234 NI 9234, 4 Ch, ±5 V, 24-Bit, 102 dB dynamic range, anti-aliasing filters, 51.2 kS/s, SW Selectable
IEPE & AC/DC, AC coupled (0.5Hz) SW selectable IEPE Signal conditioning (0 or 2 mA), Smart
TEDS sensor compatibility

10 3-Diferentail Channel 300 Vrms Analog Input, 50 kS/s per channel, 24 bit resolution, Built in
NI 9225 anti-alias filters.

11 4-Channel current input module, 5 A measurement (14 A peak), 50 kS/s/ch simultaneous inputs,
NI 9227 Built in antialiasing filters

USB Compact DAQ Analog Output Modules

12 NI 9264 NI 9264 16-Channel ±10 V, 25 kS/s, 16-Bit, Simultaneous Analog Output Module

NI 9265 4-Ch 0 mA to 20 mA output range, 100 kS/s/Ch, 16-Bit, Current AO Module, Open-loop
13 NI 9265 detection with interrupt, 0.0 mA power-on

USB Compact DAQ Digital Input /Output Modules

NI 9403 32 Ch, 7μS, digital I/O 5 V/TTL, sinking/sourcing digital I/O TTL Digital Input / Output
14 NI 9403 Module, Bidirectional, configurable by line with shift-on-the-fly

NI 9474 8-channel, 1 µs high-speed digital output , 5 V to 30 V, sourcing digital output,

15 NI 9474 Compatibility with NI Compact DAQ counters

16 NI 9401 NI 94015 V/TTL, Bidirectional Digital I/O, 8-channel, 100 ns high-speed digital I/O

ME 862 Virtual Instrumentation kvganga