Tatm 2.1 Tmu

8/4/2020
UNIT 1: Building a career
Unit 1: Building a career

 1.1: About the business: The education
business
 1.2: Vocabulary: Education and Career
 1.3: Grammar: Tense review
 1.4: Speaking: Giving reasons in interview
 1.5: Writing: Cover letters
 1.6: Case study: Mangalia Business
School
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1.1: The education

business
Ex1: Discussion: Which of the following

factors would be most important in choosing a
business course. Rank from 1 to 10.
 Quality and reputation of the

faculty
 Quality
and experience of fellow
students
 Help with finding top jobs
 Location
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 Alumni network
 Cost
 Innovative curriculum
 Sports and social facilities
 Earning potential
 Accommodation service
Lead-in
 Which university you would

most like to attend?
 List four reasons for your

choice
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Lead-in
 Do you know what is the best business
school in the world?
 Can you name some famous students of

this school?
 What do you know about the admission of

this school?
The best business schools in the

world…
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Many famous students…
The most selective college

9% applications accepted..
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Predicting and reading
How Harvard gets its

best and brightest?
Ex3: check your predictions

Telemarketing Mail shots
TV advertising Travelling shows
Discounts for early booking Free holiday
Weekends at Harvard Sponsorship
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Ex4: Scan Reading

A. 23,000
B. 9%
C. 80%
D. 10%
E. 35
F. 43,700
G. 60,000
H. 8,000
Ex4: Reading for details

The Harvard battle plan
Phase 1:
1. Purchase ______ from
examination board.
2. Send ________ to high school juniors.
3. Visit ________ and travel to other
countries.
4. Send out __________ to identify
possible candidates.
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Phase 2.
5. Sort applications and give a score from

______
6. Local __________ discuss the case for

and against each candidate.

Phase 3.
7. __________________ lobby successful

candidates by phones.
8. Invite applicants to spend ____________

at Harvard in ________
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Ex6: Listen and match each speaker

with the summary
a. Universities should be accessible for

everyone ->
b. Universities reinforce an equal system
->
c. Universities are right to be commercial ->
d. Universities are right to be selective ->
NEW WORDS
 Admission committee (n.phr)
 Cut throat (adj): (competition, world, market,
business, industry, sales environment)
 Coveted (adj): (spot, prize, painting)
 Step up one’s efforts to do st
 Endowment (n)
 Remain / stay / keep aloof from (a struggle, a
fight, a competition)
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NEW WORDS
 Staggering (adj): amount, achievement,
effort
 Stellar (adj): performance, sales team,
scholar, student
 (show) an aptitude for st
 Enlist (the help of) (v)
 Budding genius (adj)
NEW WORDS
 Keep a close eye on sb
 Get into the act (v.phr)
 An army of (n.phr)
 Sift through = examine critically
 Polar / exact opposite of (n.phr)
 Make an all-out push to do st (v)
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Discussion
Discuss your own reactions to the article
and your opinion on elitism in education.
End of 1.1
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1.2: Vocabulary
Education and
Career
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Brainstorming: Why should you

study business?
To gain
knowledge
To earn
money
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To gain prestige
To go parties
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Ex 2: Choose one verb for each

of 1-10 to complete the letter
with the correct collocations
Ex3. Are any ideas in the letter the same

as yours? Which phrases would you add
to the list in Ex2?
 To sharpen your thinking
 To integrate into global trend
………..
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Homework
1. Discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of each method of
financing one’s education
2. Make a comparison between your
parents’ education and yours. Visualize
your children’s education 20 years from
now on
PERSONAL FUNDING
* Student loan:
Advantages Disadvantages
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PERSONAL FUNDING
* Personal loans:
PERSONAL FUNDING
* Part-time jobs:
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PERSONAL FUNDING
* Government grant / scholarship / subsidy:
Role-play: An interview
Student A: Student B:
You are interviewing an You are being interviewed
applicant for your sales for a position of a sales
department. Ask him/her rep. You graduated from
questions about:
University of Commerce 3
- His/ her training
years ago and have
- Experience worked for several foreign
- Reasons for choosing companies. Answer A’s
your company questions. Try to use the
Take notes of how much vocabulary in Ex2.
vocabulary in Ex2
Student B can use.
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Action verbs
1. Contact(ed) = stay in touch with
2. Present(ed)
3. Recruit(ed) = take on
4. Trained
5. Met / exceed targets
6. Exceed(ed) objectives
ACTION VERBS
7. Designed
8. Implemented (a campaign, a plan, a
reform, a policy)
9. Managed
10. Motivated = provide sb with a motive
11. Chaired
12. Drew up (a proposal, a plan)
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CAREER STAGES
1. To be resting = to take a sabbatical
2. To be laid off = to be made redundant
3. To be promoted / to join a company (join
the staff of a company)
4. To quit = to give in (send in) one’s notice
5. To be on assignment / to be transferred
to
6. To be suspended / to be dismissed (fire
= sack)
Ex 11: LISTENING FOR GIST:

Listen to 6 speakers talking about career
changes. Use expressions from 10 to describe
each situation
1. He is intending to __________
2. She was laid off ___________
3. He’s been __________
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LISTENING FOR GIST

4. He’s just been__________
5. She is _________
6. He is ____________
Ex 13: LISTENING AND

DISCUSSION
Bob:
 Started up successful electronics company
 Resigned when he disagreed with his
CEO.
 Sell shares? What next?
Lucy:
Mel:
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1.3. Grammar
Tense Review
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Refresh your memory
will Be V.ing Conditionals

Past tenses
Present tenses
Going to
Ex1. Change the verbs to the correct forms

When I left school I wasn’t sure what to do next. I
was applying for a place at university, but while I
had revised for my exams I already decided that
I didn’t feel ready for university.
I had read a lot about East Africa, and one day
when I watched a TV documentary about
Ethiopia, I suddenly knew that was where I was
going.
In fact it was while I had worked with an NGO in
Ethiopia that I was becoming interested in
business.
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Ex2. Complete the extract with correct verb forms
I (1) _______(just finish) my course at the Franklin School of Business and

I (2) ______ (currently work) at JPC again while I (3) _______ (consider)
various opportunities. As JPC’s Finance Director (4) ____ (leave) the
company unexpectedly, I (5) ______ (agree) to manage the finance
department until a new appointment is made. For example, for the last 3
weeks I (6) ____ (design) a new audit procedure which I believe will
significantly improve financial control. However, I (7) _____ (look) for a
position in East Africa for some time now, and this one (8) _____ (seem)
perfect for my profile.
Ex3: Choose the correct verb forms

1. If I get/ am getting/ got the job, I am
trying/ will try/ tried to make myself
available as soon as possible, but I am
not/ will be/ wouldn’t be able to start
immediately unless JPC will agree/would
agree/ agreed to let me go.
2. You see, if I make/ will make/ made a
commitment, I am doing/ do/ did my best
to respect it.
3. If by chance the job will be/ would be/
were based in Kenya, I am taking/ would
take/ took it anyway, even though I prefer
to use my Amharic
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Ex4: Choose the correct future verb forms

In the short term, I hope 1 ______ a
department manager quite quickly. I’ve
learned a lot about management on the
MBA, and 2 ______ the theory into
practice as soon as I can. On the personal
front,3 ______ married next June; over
the next couple of years my fiancé 4
____ TV and movie scripts, so 5
__________ totally mobile and happy
to move as necessary.
Ex5,6: Time markers

Present Present Present Past simple
simple continuous perfect
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Listening Ex7,8: Listen to the conversation

and answer the questions
a. He’s _________
b. He worked for ________
c. He ________
d. He has just_______________
e. She worked in ____________
f. She’s currently____________
g. She’s going to____________
h. Jess is ______________
Ex9: Role-play: a school reunion

Imagine you meet after 20 years from now at a reunion
party. Make polite conversations following the cues:
How long…your
What….do? most recent job?
What….at the
moment? What…recently?
What…after What …next?

leaving college?
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Ex10: Balloon debate: Who has to drop out?
Marketing Manager Head of Administration
Personnel Manager
Director of Studies
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1.4: Speaking
Giving reasons in
interviews
Internet research
Some illegal interview questions in the
US:
• Where/ when was you born?
• Do you plan to have a family?
• How tall are you?
• Are you a religious person?
• Do you own or rent your home?
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How to deal with

unreasonable questions?
• Using humor
• Focusing on the requirements of the
job and your ability to perform
Ex: How old are you? -> I am young and
fit enough to do this job.
• …………………….
• …………………….
Ex1: Listening and discussion

Before you listen: think about the
questions in an interview. Give
example of reasonable questions and
unreasonable questions.
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Ex1: While you listen

1. Can you tell us why you chose your
school or university?
2. Could you explain why you are single
or married?
3. I’d like to know the reason why you
are, or are not, a member of a
union?
4. Would you mind telling us why you do

or don’t have children?
5. Do you smoke or drink? Why, or why
not?
6. What exactly made you choose to
apply to this company?
7. I’d be interested to know why you
are, or are not, a vegetarian?
8. Can you tell me where you want to
live and work, and why?
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Ex2: Listen to 2 extracts and

complete these statements with Ruth
or Anais
1. _______choose to study business
because it pays more than languages
2. _______ choose to study business to
prepare for a career as an international
manager
3. ______ chose to Franklin School of
Business mainly for the quality of its
programmes
Ex2: Listen to 2 extracts and

complete these statements with Ruth
or Anais
4. _______ chose to Franklin School of
Business mainly to be with her boyfriend
5. ________ has not prepared or organized
her ideas
6. _________ presents well-prepared and
well-organized ideas
7. ________ gives vague and sometimes
irrelevant reasons
8. ________ gives appropriate, precise and
well-structures reasons.
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Ex3: Put the expressions in the

appropriate groups
Introducing a point:
Seeing both sides:
Combining reasons:
Adding ideas:
Listen to listening Ex4, Match

the questions to the answers.
1. Why did you move to this part of

the world?
2. Why did you change your last job?
3. Why do you play badminton?
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Ex4. Listen again and complete

the answers
1.
2.
3.
Ex5: Explain advantages and

disadvantages of the following:
2. Study something Or Something you love

you dislike But not so good at
But are good at Badly paid
Pays well
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3. Having a part-time job Or Working for 2 or 3 years

Borrowing money from bank before going to univesity
To pay for your study
4. Taking an
interesting Or boring but
but badly paid job well paid job
in a small company in a large company
to get more with few career
responsibility prospects
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5. Change companies,
cities and countries
regularly to increase
experience and salary
Or working
all your life
in the same town
for the same company
ROLE PLAY
* A manager
1. Qualities of a potential candidate:
-
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Ex6: Role play:

• A interviews B for a job as manager
of a global company in Ibiza
• B interviews A for a job as the
manager of a restaurant
New words
1. Qualities:
- Patient / tolerant towards sb / of st
- Hard-working
- Physically in shape / in good health
condition
- Passionate / enthusiastic
- Ability to motivate / judge others
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New words
2. Skills:
- Good social (interpersonal) skills / get on
well with others
- Good communication skills
- ……………
- ……………
- ……………
- ……………
ROLE PLAY: SAMPLE

* A manager of a restaurant:
1. Qualities:
- Good knowledge of dishes and wines
- Good health to work anti-social
hours
- Skilled at developing new
relationships
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ROLE PLAY: SAMPLE

* A manager of a global company:
1. Qualities:
- International experience
- Multicultural mindset /ˈmaɪndset/
- Culturally flexible / Cross-cultural
sensible
- Adaptable / well-adjusted
- Humorous / open-minded / tact / open
- Good networking skills
Interview questions
1. Tell me about this job
2. Why did you apply for this job?
3. Why do you want to work here?
(What do you know about this
company?)
4. What are your strengths and
weaknesses?
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Interview questions
5. What particular skills and qualities
do you bring to the workforce? /
What makes you qualified for this
job?
6. Why did you leave your last job?
7. What would your last boss say
about your work performance?
Interview questions
8. What accomplishments have given

you the most satisfaction? Why?
9. How well do you work with people?
10. What motivates you to do a good
job?
11. How are you when you are working
under pressure?
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Interview questions
12. What do you see yourself doing 5

years from now?
13. What are your long-term career
objectives?
14. Are you willing to travel for the
job?
End of 1.4
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1.5: Writing
Cover Letters
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Ex1: Brainstorming: Dos and Don’ts

for writing dynamic cover letter
Dos Don’ts
Ex 2,3: Use the action verbs to complete the

cover letter.
Decide the purpose of each paragraph
Broken capture developed doubled exceeded modernized
Obtained optimize present trained
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Dear Mr Crouch
Having 1 ______ objectives and 2
______ sales records in all my previous
Get the positions, and recently 3 ______ my
Readers’ MBA in marketing at Warwick University,
attention I feel I am an ideal candidate for the
position of ESM at Starfield Nightclub.
In my last job as senior sales rep for

Roxy Entertainment, I 4_______ new
Give details products for teenager customers,
Of
5_____ sales staff, and 6_____ the
accomplishments
membership management system. Over
a 2 year period, I more than 7______
average revenues per venue.
Nightclubs are highly competitive

Relate
sector of the entertainment
the applicant industry, and I’m certain I have the
to the company skills to 8_____ market share and
9 _____ Starfield’s profotability.
I would be happy to 10 _____ my

ideas in more detail at the
interview, and I will call you early
Request
next week to arrange a meeting. If
action
you have any questions, please
feel free to contact me before then.
Thank you for your time and
consideration.
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Ex 3: A cover letter
Dear…..
Para _____: Get the reader’s attention.
Para _____: Give details of the applicant’s

accomplishments.
Para _____: Relate the applicant to the company.
Para _____: Request action.
Yours sincerely,
Name
Ex4: Dynamic sentences

a. My formal education
1. My outgoing personality b. To meet with you
makes me
c. A phone call
2. I recently graduated
d. A strong candidate
3. I served as
4. I attended school e. A career in insurance
5. I supported myself brokering
6. Jobs such as bartending f. Talk with you
enhanced g. By working in radio
7. I have the skills to embark
advertising sales
on
8. I would like very much to h. From the University of
9. I will follow up this letter with Oregon

10. I can arrange a time i. President of the
debating society
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Development Officer
for Executive Education
Qualities Skills
Brand Manager EMEA
Qualities Skills
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Ex6: Writing
 Team As will write cover letter to apply for
the position as Development Officer for
Executive Education.
 Team Bs will apply for the position as
Brand Manager EMEA.
Ex7: Exchange your letters and decide

which candidates deserve to be short-
listed for an interview.
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End of 1.5
Unit 2: Information
2.1. About business:
IT solutions
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Discussion
Workplace in 1950s
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Modern workplace
Workplace in the future
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Ex 1: DISCUSSION
1. Look at the pictures and answer the
questions below:
a. How is the office of the 1950s different
from today’s workplace? (office space,
equipment, furniture, appearance)
b. What do you imagine the office of the
future will be like?
c. Do you expect technology to make our
life easier or harder?
DISCUSSION
b. Remote working will be commonplace
- Robots will handle menial and manual
tasks
- Wireless connection computers can be
operated by voice commands
- Electronic wallpapers cover the walls to
show charts and pictures
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DISCUSSION
Criteria The office of the 1950s Today’s workplace
Office space
Equipment &
Furniture
Appearance
Reading: The IT fallacy
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Ex2: Which statement best

summarizes the writer’s argument?
Technology helps people save time
Technology makes people work harder
Technology was a waste of time
Ex3: Choose the correct summary

for paragraphs 1-4
a. How several factors have
Paragraph 1
combined to make the
Paragraph 2 workplace more pressurized.

b. Poorly planned IT systems
Paragraph 3 generate more not less work
c. Managers see investment in
Paragraph 4
information technologies as a
productivity solution.
d. Working conditions have
become uncomfortable in
recent times.
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Ex4: Write a sentence to

summarize each paragraph 5-7
Paragraph 5:
Paragraph 6:
Paragraph 7:
Reading: New words

 Fallacy (n) = argument
 Take a breather (v.phr) = have a rest
 A mad dash to do st (n.phr): to do st
hurriedly
 Cram st/sb into st/sb: force sb/st into a
small place
 Meet / exceed target / objective
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Reading: New words

 Pressure-cooker (working environment)
(adj): very competitive
 Headcount (n): the number of people in a
company
 Quest (n) a long difficult search
 Buried (truth) = hidden (adj)
 Pitch (n): a presentation to persuade
others to buy
Reading: New words

 Automate (v): substitute for human labor in
an activity, automation (n)
 Overhaul (n) (v): to completely change a
system to make it work more effectively
 Polish one’s resume (v.phr)
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Ex 5: Who should you believe?

According to the article, According to a recent survey,
workplace is… American workers admitted to
 Pressure spending much time:
 Tight deadlines  Calling friends
 Non-stop work  Surfing the Internet
 Running personal errands
Exercise 6: Listening
 Listen to 4 people being interviewed about
their attitudes to IT. Which are for and
which are against IT?
1-
2-
3-
4-
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Ex7. Listening
 Listen again. Match each speaker with
these opinions. Do you agree with their
opinions? Why or why not?
a. IT exploits workers and damages health
b. IT helps organize our life better
c. IT causes more problems than it solves
d. IT can become an addiction
Ex 8: Discussion
1. The computer is the most important invention in the

history.
2. A computer makes it possible to do tasks which were
completely unnecessary before.
3. To make mistakes is human, but to really mess things
up you need a computer
I totally agree..
I totally
disagree…
I partially
agree…
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Do you expect technology to make our life easier

or harder?
Technology improves Modern devices have
our living standards, tremendous effects on our
giving us more wealth, health, behaviors & habits
comfort & quality time Text in here
for leisure activity
Technology expands
Technology brings
the opportunity to more stress to our life
broaden our knowledge PROS CONS / Modern workers are
& to network more stressed than
they used to be
Your idea The use of modern

Text in here
technology poses great
potential threats
End of 2.1
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Unit 2: Information
2.2: Vocabulary
Information systems and

communication
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Ex1: Discussion
“Information is too valuable to be left
to IT Departments. In today’s
business world, every manager
should be a computer specialist” to
what extent do you agree?
Ex 2: Comparisons – Decide whether these

phrases indicate a small or large difference
Small difference Large difference
a bit more expensive a whole lot more expensive considerably more expensive
far more expensive marginally more expensive infinitely more expensive
slightly more expensive somewhat more expensive
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Ex 3: Making comparisons
powerful
Some suggested adjectives
complicated effective
Value efficient
reliable for
money
Easy to
practica use
l
Ex4: Explain the differences

1. A server is considerably more
………., far ………, and a whole lot
more ........... than a PC
2. A laptop is a whole lot ……….,

considerably more …………, and
somewhat more ………. than a
palmtop.
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A palmtop
3. A suite is far more ………. than a

single application because ………….
4. A patch is less …………. than a plug-

in because …............
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5. A bug is just a software error, whereas a

virus deliberately damages or hijack
software, so a virus is infinitely more
………..
6. A crash is considerably …………. than a

hard disk failure.
7. An intranet is one organization’s network,

the Internet is the world-wide network so it’s
infinitely …………..
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8. A workgroup is a collection of
workstations that are linked together, so
it’s far ………
workstations
A workgroup
Ex 5: IT terms
Maurice,
As you know, our IT resources are more and more
stretched as we try to cope with an ageing system.
We desperately need to 1_____ the operating
system: software applications are 2____ more
and more frequently, and the server 3 _____
three times last week. There have also been
several cases where important documents have
been 4______. Of course I have 5_____
patches and 6______ new drivers wherever
possible, but we can go on like this. What’s more,
there’s no time for new projects like 7_______
mobile Internet connections so that our sales
teams can 8______ data on the system when
they’re on the road. We really need investment
now!
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Ex 6: Complete the sentences

1. Most PCs come complete with an
office package, but sometimes you
have to ______ it yourself.
2. On average, when a company’s IT
system ______ it takes 10 days to fix
everything.
3. IT users lack imagination. When
asked to ______ a password, the
most common choice is “password”

4. There are several programs which can
rescue your data if you accidentally
_____ files.
5. An incorrect memory address is the
most common reason why PCs
______
6. It only takes minutes to _____ a
Webmail account that you can access
from anywhere in the world
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7. One of the few remaining advantages
of desktops is that it’s easier to
______ components
8. Research suggests that people who
______ illegal mp3s are also big
spenders on legal music sites
Ex 7: Listening: Listen to 8 messages on

George’s voicemail. Match the speaker
with their problems.
a. They can’t install e. They have to
st enter data quickly
b. Some computers f. Their computer
need upgrading keep crashing
c. They need to g. a connection
download a hasn’t been set up
program h. They deleted
d. The whole system some files
went down
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Ex 7: Listening: Match the speaker with

their problems.
1. Speaker 1:
2. Speaker 2:
3. Speaker 3:
4. Speaker 4:
5. Speaker 5:
6. Speaker 6:
7. Speaker 7:
8. Speaker 8:
Ex 8: George’s notes
1. Give Ebony a _______ about backup
2. Give Maurice ______ on appointment
application
3. Get in _____ with Martha re laptop
4. Get ____ to Lincoln – presentation slides
5. Keep Camilla Ramsay in the _____ on
solutions to database problems
6. Let Maurice _____ about Marketing’s Internet
connection
7. Keep Marvin _____ re sound card driver
8. Fill Cara Bickerson ____ on voice recognition
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Ex 9: Replace the expressions

 Give you an answer
 Include me in the group of people you inform
 Tell you
 Give me regular progress report
 Give me some details
 Contact
 Report
 Contact me by telephone
Ex 10: Prioritize the tasks

 CEO needs Web meeting available in all
departments
 sound card driver for Marvin
 Cara re voice recognition
 CEO’s assistant wants Wifi
 Information from database vendors
 Abstract of presentation for New York
conference
 15 new laptops needed- HP’s special offer ends
tomorrow
 Appointment application
 Ebony Brooks re backup software
 Marketing’s Internet connection is down again
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End of 2.2
2.3: Grammar
Comparing solutions
and getting help
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Refresh your memory
Comparisions
&
Superlatives
Obtaining help: Indirect questions
• Do you know….?
• Can I just check….?
• Will you / Can you / could you (tell me) …?
• Do you think you could (let me know)…..?
• I’d appreciate it if you could …?
• I was (just) wondering if you could / mind….?
• Would you be so kind as to …?
• I’d be extremely grateful if you would just …
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Obtaining help: Questions with

“Mind”
• Do you mind if I open the -> Ask for permission
window?
-> Ask for permission

• Would you mind if I opened
(more polite)
the window?
• Do/Would you mind opening -> A request

the window?
Replying to requests
Can you give me a hand?
-> Yes, of course
-> Sure / Yes, with pleasure
-> No problem / not at all
-> Yes, I can
-> I don’t see why not
-> I should think so
-> I’m sorry, I’ve got no idea how it works
• Would you mind giving me a hand?
-> No, not at all
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COMPARISONS
a) Equal comparisons
b) Comparatives
c) Superlatives
d) Double comparisons
e) Multiple comparisons
01) Adjectives and adverbs (positive)
Adjective Adverb
1. Form: 1. Form:
as + adj + as as + adv + as
2. Example: 2. Example:
He is as intelligent as me (I He runs as fast as me (I do)
am)
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01) Adjectives and adverbs (negative)
Adjective Adverb
1. Form: 1. Form:
not as / so + adj + as not + as / so + adv + as
2. Example: 2. Example:
He is not as / so intelligent He does not run as / so fast
as me (I am) as me (I do)
02) Nouns
Formula 1: the same + noun (weight / width / depth /
length / height) + as )( to be different from
Eg: My house is the same height as his = My house is as
high as his.
Formula 2: as + many / much / little / few + noun + as
Eg: He has as much money as his father.
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b) Comparatives + c) Superlatives
b) Comparatives:
- Compare two people, things, places, or
actions.
Eg: The Bridge House is cheaper than the Gable
House.
c) Superlatives:
- Compare one person, thing, place, or action
with all the others in a group. This structure is
usually followed by of or in
Eg: Of all my colleagues, I commute the farthest.
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01) Adjective / adverb Comparative Superlative
One syllable + er + est

fast faster the fastest
One syllable: ending double the last double the last

in one vowel + one letter + er letter + est
consonant
hot hotter the hottest
Two or more than + more / less + the most / least

two syllables
serious more serious the most serious
seriously more seriously the most seriously
Two syllables: y→ ier y→ iest

ending in a
consonant + y
easy easier the easiest
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irregular cases
Good / well Better Best
Bad / badly Worse Worst
Far Farther / further Farthest / furthest
Late Later Latest / last
A lot of / many / much More Most
A few Fewer Fewest
A little Less Least
Old Older / elder Oldest / eldest
b)Adjectives
01) Comparatives + c) Superlatives
+ adverbs: NOTES
a) So sánh hơn có thể được nhấn mạnh bằng cách thêm much /
far / a lot / lots / a good deal / a great deal hoặc giảm nhẹ
bằng cách cộng thêm a bit / a little / slightly vào trước hình
thức so sánh.
Eg: He is much more handsome than me.
b) So sánh nhất có thể được nhấn mạnh bằng cách thêm almost
/ much / quite / by far / far vào trước hình thức so sánh.
Eg: She is by far the best
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02) Nouns:
Formula: more / fewer / less + noun + than
Eg: This month has fewer days than last month.
01) For one person / thing:
Formula 1: Adj-er + and + adj-er (short adjectives)
Eg: When we get older and older, we will become
weaker.
Formula 2: More and more + adj (long adjectives)
Eg: He has become more and more careful.
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01) For one person / thing:
Formula 3: less and less + adj (short and long
adjectives)
Eg: My father becomes less and less strong.
02) For two people / things:
Formula 1: the + comparative…… the +
comparative……
Eg: The older you get, the more difficult you become.
Formula 2: the less + adj.. the less + adj
Eg: The less cold it is, the less well I am.
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02) For two people / things:
Formula 3: the more + S + V, the more + S + V
Eg: The more I know him, the more I like him.
e) Multiple comparisons
Formula: multiple numbers (twice / three times…)
+ as + much / many / adj / adv + as
Eg: She types twice as fast as I do.
This book is twice as much as the other one.
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COMPARISONS
* Exercise: Choose the correct answer:
1. He was _________ qualified of all the applicants.
A. less B. the least C. least D. the less
2. Stock prices are _________ they were last week.
A. the highest B. high
C. higher D. higher than
3. _________ person in our community is the mayor.
A. The most famous B. The more famous
C. Famous D. More famous
COMPARISONS
4. The benefits are _________ now than last year.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
5. This restaurant serves _________ food that I’ve ever
eaten.
A. the bad B. worse C. the worst D. worst
6. The proposal wasn’t _________ ours.
A. as B. as complete
C. complete as D. as complete as
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COMPARISONS
7. When she was _________ than I am now, she started
her own company.
A. young B. younger
C. youngest D. the most young
8. Mr. Nakamura, _________ addition to our company, is
a great golfer.
A. a newest B. the newest
C. new D. newer
COMPARISONS
9. _________ late than never.
A. Good B. Better
C. Best D. The best
10. Press _________ button to call the nurse.
A. topmore B. topmost
C. the topmore D. the topmost
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Ex 1: Complete the dialogues with

words from the box.
1. A: Cruxoe’s software is really pricey; it’s _______
expensive than Frydae’s!
B: yes, but Frydae’s applications don’t have nearly
______ features.
2. C: My Internet connection is 16 Mega- It’s _________
than yours.
D: Yes, mine is only 8 Mega; it’s only _______ fast as
yours.
3. E: Why don’t you get a budget desktop? Just as fast, and
_______ the price.
F: Yes, it’s true the big brands can be ______
expensive.
4. G: Why pay ______ as much for a laser

printer when a inkjet will do the job?
H: Well, maybe inkjet only costs a ______ the
price, but it’s the cartridges that really add up.
5. I: Why do you insist on buying PCs? They’re a
______ reliable than Macs.
J: Basically because there’s _______
software available.
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1. There’s only one thing in the world

_____ than being talked about; and
that’s is not being talked about.
2. Money is ____ than poverty, if only
for financial reasons.
3. The man who goes ____ is
generally the one who is willing to
do and dare. The sure-thing boat
never gets far from shore.
4. It has been said that democracy is Ex 2:
Complete the
the ____ form of government quotations
except all the others that have
been tried.
5. Income tax returns are the

____ fiction being written
today.
6. You can go a long way with a smile.
You can go a lot ___ with a smile
and a gun.
7. A life spent making mistakes is not
only ____ , but ____
than a life spent doing nothing.
8. Nothing is impossible. Something Ex 2:
Complete the
are just ____ than others. quotations
9. The ____ideas come as jokes. Make
your thinking as funny as possible.
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Ex 3: Put the words into the correct order.

4. Do you 6. Would you an
be in know sending mind email
meeting me just to address
1. How my test new?
room the
computer do
2. Will off which will?
I on switch 5. Could you
please
this? tell 7. I mind if
printer that
attachment I you’d wonder
turn you?
me open my asking
should this small a
3. Can you what with? favour you?
is me on/ 8. Do you could know
off switch me think let you
tell the whether will not he
where? attending or be?
Ex 4: Complete the article with comparatives

Since 1965, Moore’s law has
(+ rapidly) hardware gets faster!
observed that computer chips
Moore’s law also means that new
become twice as powerful
products must be developed (5)
(powerful × 2) every 24 months. A
_______ (+quick + quick). Any
similar formula, Kryder’s law, says
product which is launched just two
that hard disk space is only half as
or three months late will be 10-15
expensive (1/2 expensive) as it
percent (6) ______ (+slow), (7)
was two years ago. Gordon Moore
______ (+bulky) or (8) _______ (-
says his law is (1) __________ (+
generous) in storage capacity than
beautiful) he had first realized:
the competition.
contrary to Murphy’s law –
Moreover, physical barriers like
anything that can go wrong, will –
temperature make it almost
Moore’s law means everything
impossible to run PCs at speeds (9)
gets (2) ______ (+ good + good).
_______ (+high) 5 GHz. It now
However, the picture is not (3) makes sense to use more memory
_______ (=positive) it once space to accelerate disk access,
seemed. Yet another law, Wirth’s since space is becoming (10)
law, states that software gets ________ (-expensive) than
slower (4)_______ computer processing speed.
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Ex5: Match the two halves of the

quotations
1.The nicer I am, ……….
2. The more you chase money, ……
3. The more I want to get something done,

……………
4. I’m a great believer in luck, and I find

The harder I work, ……...
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Ex 6: Make your own quotations
• The older I get, the ………..

• The more money you earn, the ………..
• The harder you work, the ………..
• The more I ……… , the ………..
• The …….er the ……., the ………
Ex 7: Cross out the inappropriate responses
1. Will you get me a cup of coffee, please?

a. No, I won’t
b. Yes, if I can have one of your biscuits
c. Sorry, I’ve got too much to carry
2. Can you tell me how to switch this projector on?
a. Yes, I can
b. No idea, I’m afraid
c. I’m sorry, I never use it myself
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3. Could you possibly get me a sandwich when you
go out to the post office?
a. Yes, with pleasure
b. Sure, if you could answer the phone when I’m
out
c. Yes, I could possibly
4. I wonder if you could spare the time to make a
few photocopies for me?
a. Yes, I would
b. I don’t see why not
c. I should think so

5. Would you mind giving me a hand with this table?
It’s rather heavy.
a. No problem
b. Yes
c. Not at all
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Ex8: Negotiating
List 5 things
you need to do
I’m terribly Negotiate
tomorrow
to delegate
busy. Could 1. the ones
you do me 2. you don’t want
a favor?.... 3. to your friends
4.
5.
End of 2.3
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Unit 2: Information
175
2.4: Speaking
Telephoning
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Ex1: Discussion: How far do you agree with

these statements about telephoning?
1. It’s important to have small talk before
getting down to business.
2. You can never be too polite on the phone.
3. It’s much easier to say “yes” than to say
“no”.
4. When you can’t help someone, it’s better to
say “no” directly than to make up excuses.
5. The caller decides when to end the call; the
receiver should wait for caller’s signal.
177
Ex2: Discussion: Do you think it’s

different in other parts of the world?
178
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Ex3: Listening
Listen to four telephone conversations and
answer the questions below:
1. Which one is polite, informal, impolite
and too polite?
2. In which conversation are the speakers
friends, acquaintances, colleagues from
different departments or managers in a
large company?
179
Ex4: Before you listen: what is typically

discussed in a “Small Talk?”
General health The weather
A football
match Small talk Sports
weekend
180
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Ex4: Listening
Listen again and answer the questions:
1. What does each caller want?
2. Why can’t the other speakers help?
3. Which two conversations include some
small talk? What do they talk about?
181
Ex5: Complete the expressions
Conversation 1:
1. I ____ you to give me
2. I’d ___ to ____ you, but….
Conversation 2:
3. Have you got a _____ of minutes?
4. Do you _____ to know how to…?
5. I ___ I could help you, but…
6. Anyway, I won’t ___ you any longer
182
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Ex5: Complete the expressions
Conversation 3:
7. I was wondering if I could ask you a ____
8. Do you think you could _____ send me…?
9. Normally I’d be ___ to help, but…
10. I mustn’t _____ ____any more of your time
Conversation 4:
11. Any ____ I could…?
12. The ____ is….
13. Anyway, I’d better ______ 183
Ex6: Put the expressions into categories
 Checking the other person can speak

now:
 Requesting help:
 Refusing help:
 Ending the call:
184
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Ex7: Complete the dialogues

Dialogue 1:
A. ________________________
B. Oh, hello Alex. How’s it going?
A. ________________________
B. No problem. I was just going to have a break
anyway
A. __________________________
185
Dialogue 1:
B. Well, I’m sorry to disappoint you, but I don’t
know much about it actually
A. ________________________
B. Ok. But let me know if there’s anything I can do
A. ________________________
B. Ok, bye
186
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Dialogue 2:
C. Hello, it’s Chris here. I’m not disturbing
you, am I?
D. _____________________
C. I’m just calling to ask if you’d mind

doing me a favour, actually.
D. ____________________
Dialogue 2
C. Well, do you think I could possibly
borrow your copy of Office 2007? I
need to re-install it. And I can’t find
mine.
187
D. ______________________
C. Oh I see. Well, never mind, I thought
I’d ask just in case. Anyway, I won’t
keep you from your work. Thanks.
D. ___________________
Dialogue 2
188
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Dialogue 3
E. Hi. it’s me. Sorry to bother you- you
wouldn’t happen to have the new IP
address, would you?
F. ________________________
E. Brilliant. Thanks a million.
F. _________________________
E. Ok then. I’ll let you get back to work.

Thanks a lot. bye
189
Role-play. Different telephone

situations.
Student
A: Page Student B:
111 page 112
190
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SITUATION 1
• Student A: You are new in a small law firm
where the managing partner also deals
with all computer problems. Your PC has
broken down, so you call her/him for help.
Your partner will start
• Student B: You are the managing partner
of a small law firm. You are also the firm’s
computer expert, but you are very busy
and fed up with receiving calls about trivial
computer problems. You receive a call
from one of your new employees. You start
by answering your phone. 191
SITUATION 2
• Student A: You receive a call from a
colleague you like a lot. You start by
answering your phone
• Student B: You have been having
problems with your email. You think you
have fixed it, but you need to test it. Call a
colleague and ask them to send you a test
mail to your new address. Your partner will
start
192
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SITUATION 3
• Student A: Your assistant has been on the
phone with friends most of the morning.
You have a lot to prepare for an important
meeting tomorrow. Call your assistant to
ask her/him to prepare a PowerPoint
presentation for you. Your partner will
start.
• Student B: You’ve just spent most of the
morning on the phone with your
company’s IT department, trying without
success to get them to repair your
computer – the only application which
works properly is Word. You receive a call
from your boss. You start by answering 193
your phone.
SITUATION 4
• Student A: You receive a call from your
computer hardware supplier, who has
recently sold you a large new computer
system which isn’t working very well. You
are extremely busy preparing a business
trip to Chicago next Tuesday, and you are
not in a very good mood. You start by
answering your phone.
• Student B: You work for a computer
hardware vendor. You recently set up a
large new system for your customer, and
you would like to show it to one of your
prospects. Call your customer to arrange a
visit next week. 194
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SITUATION 5
• Student A: You work in Marketing in a very
large, very profitable manufacturing
company. Your PC is three years old and
very slow. Call your friend in the IT
departments to see if you can upgrade to
a new machine. Your partner will start.
• Student B: You work in the IT department
in a large manufacturing company. You are
working night and day to install new
security system on all the company’s sites
– all other investments have been
cancelled. You receive a call from a friend
in Marketing. You start by answering your
phone. 195
SITUATION 6
• Student A: You work in the HR department
of an American factory. You have to be
careful to respect legislation on employee
rights and confidential personal
information. You receive a call from the
production supervisor. You start by
answering your phone.
• Student B: You are the production
supervisor in an American factory. You
think it would be good for morale to
celebrate your operators’ birthdays with a
cake. Call HR to ask for a list of dates of
birth for everybody in your department.
Your partner will start. 196
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Unit 2: Information
2.5: Writing
Memos
99
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A brief written
message from one
person or department
in an organization,
company, etc., to
another.
why memos often get

ignored?
100
8/4/2020
Ex 2: Writing memos
1. Personalize your memos: use I, you, we
to make people feel directly concerned.
2. Use active rather than passive verbs for
a more conversational. Reader-friendly
style.
3. Prefer verbs to nouns, and avoid jargon
and technical terms; write sentences
which ‘your grandmother would
understand.’
4. Make it clear and unambiguous what you
want people to do and when.
5. Focus on the benefits to the reader, not
on rigid rules or procedures.
Ex2. Answer the quiz, choosing the options which

best matches the style recommendations
1. A memo is _______________________
2. The objective of a memo is
__________________
3. In the past, we wrote memos on paper;
now __________________
4. To write a good memo, you need
______________________
5. A good memo __________________
6. The purpose of this quiz is
________________
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Ex3: Format for memos

1. Define the problem
2. Tell the reader why they should feel
concerned
3. Say what result you want to get
4. Say what you want the reader to do
and when
Ex3. Put the following paragraphs

into the correct order
I would like us all to carry out this check by 15
September latest. Please examine your laptop
carefully, and delete any unauthorized software. If
you need help, I will be available every afternoon
between 1 and 5. Thank you for helping to protect
our colleagues, our job and our company
If inspectors find unauthorized copyright material on

our system, individual users, management and the
company itself can face heavy fines and even
criminal prosecution. It is in everybody’s interest to
avoid this risk
As you probably know, the European Commission is

stepping up its fight against software piracy, and we
expect to see systematic inspections of medium-sized
company like ours in the next 6 months
This is the reason why I’m asking every employee in

the company to check that there is no unauthorized
software on their computer. This could include
unlicensed copies of business software, shareware
programs downloaded from the Internet, and even
MP3 music files.
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Ex3. A memo format

1. As you probably know, the European Commission is
stepping up its fight against software piracy, and we
expect to see systematic inspections of medium-sized
company like ours in the next 6 months
2. If inspectors find unauthorized copyright material on

our system, individual users, management and the
company itself can face heavy fines and even
criminal prosecution. It is in everybody’s interest to
avoid this risk
3. This is the reason why I’m asking every employee in

the company to check that there is no unauthorized
software on their computer. This could include
unlicensed copies of business software, shareware
programs downloaded from the Internet, and even
MP3 music files.
4. I would like us all to carry out this check by 15

September latest. Please examine your laptop
carefully, and delete any unauthorized software. If
you need help, I will be available every afternoon
between 1 and 5. Thank you for helping to protect
our colleagues, our job and our company
Exercise 4: Match the examples of

officialese 1-10 with the more user-
friendly versions a-j
1. It is recognized
a. difficulty
2. With a view to alleviating
b. immediately
3. Adjacent to
c. there’s not enough
4. It is imperative
d. If there was
5. It is inadequate
e. next to
6. Staff are reminded
f. please remember
7. Area of concern
g. we must
8. In the event of
h. thank you for ….
9. Forthwith
i. to solve
10. …..is appreciated
j. we realize
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Ex5. Rewrite the memo

It is recognized that on site parking is currently
inadequate, and plans are currently being examined
with a view to alleviating the problems.
One current area of concern is the area adjacent to the
logistics warehouse. In the event of a fire, it would be very
difficult for emergency vehicles to reach the fuel tanks
behind the building. It is imperative that access to this and
all buildings is kept clear.
Members of staff are therefore reminded that vehicles
may only be parked in the official car parks. As from Monday
14 August any cars parked on access roads will be
removed forthwith.
The assistance of all motor users in this matter is very
much appreciated.
Ex6. Listening and writing: Listen to a voicemail from

manager and write a memo he refers to
To: All staff
From: Chris Webster, Department Manager
Subject: Computer upgrade
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Ex 7. Writing: Make a proposal for the company’s

three day international IT conference
What
Why is an IT objectives do
conference you think
important for management
an want to
international achieve?
company?
What are the

ingredients of
a successful
conference?
Ex8. Write a memo proposing dates, a

location, and a programme for the IT
conference. You will aso need to get approval
for your budget
To: Manager
From: An employee
Date: 23/07/07
Subject: Suggestion for IT conference
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End of 2.5
106

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8/4/2020

UNIT 1: Building a career

Unit 1: Building a career

1.1: The education

Ex1: Discussion: Which of the following

 Quality and reputation of the

 Which university you would

 List four reasons for your

 Can you name some famous students of

 What do you know about the admission of

The best business schools in the

Many famous students…

The most selective college

Predicting and reading

How Harvard gets its

Ex3: check your predictions

TV advertising Travelling shows

Discounts for early booking Free holiday

Weekends at Harvard Sponsorship

Ex4: Scan Reading

Ex4: Reading for details

The Harvard battle plan

5. Sort applications and give a score from

6. Local __________ discuss the case for

The Harvard battle plan

7. __________________ lobby successful

8. Invite applicants to spend ____________

Ex6: Listen and match each speaker

a. Universities should be accessible for

d. Universities are right to be selective ->

UNIT 1: Building a career

Brainstorming: Why should you

Ex 2: Choose one verb for each

Ex3. Are any ideas in the letter the same

Ex 11: LISTENING FOR GIST:

LISTENING FOR GIST

Ex 13: LISTENING AND

UNIT 1: Building a career

Refresh your memory

will Be V.ing Conditionals

Ex1. Change the verbs to the correct forms

Ex2. Complete the extract with correct verb forms

I (1) _______(just finish) my course at the Franklin School of Business and

Ex3: Choose the correct verb forms

Ex4: Choose the correct future verb forms

Ex5,6: Time markers

Listening Ex7,8: Listen to the conversation

Ex9: Role-play: a school reunion

What…after What …next?

Ex10: Balloon debate: Who has to drop out?

Marketing Manager Head of Administration

UNIT 1: Building a career

How to deal with

Ex1: Listening and discussion

Ex1: While you listen

4. Would you mind telling us why you do

Ex2: Listen to 2 extracts and

Ex2: Listen to 2 extracts and

Ex3: Put the expressions in the

Listen to listening Ex4, Match

1. Why did you move to this part of

3. Why do you play badminton?

Ex4. Listen again and complete