JAYME , FELOMINO R.

III BPED 2-A

BPE 1 – QUIZ 4
1. Make your own reflection on each:
Early 20th Century - My reflection on the early 20th century is that — in my opinion — racism
and colonialism would lead to two terrible world wars. We can see the racist, imperialistic
attitude reflected in writing like Rudyard Kipling’s poem “The White Man’s Burden.” People
with darker skin were seen as “savages” to be “improved” by the “help” of more “civilized”
white people. But as Mark Twain pointed out, one of the great lies is that the white tribe is any
less savage than the other tribes.

“Advanced” nations like Germany, France, Italy, Japan and the United States would compete
with Great Britain to conquer, hold and/or dominate foreign territories. This competition would
be a contributing factor to the coming wars spreading around the globe.

We seldom hear about it today, but the great war hero Winston Churchill was a terrible racist
and imperialist, with almost complete disregard for the rights of Africans, Arabs and other
darker-skinned people. He admitted in his own words, in his autobiography, that he never
consulted Arabs before making decisions that affected their lives. When he was the British
colonial secretary in charge of Egypt and Palestine, he didn’t invite a single Arab to an
important conference in which monumental decisions were made that would lead to the
disenfranchisement and ethnic cleansing of Palestinians. He made a war pal of his friend, the
famous “Lawrence of Arabia,” the puppet king of Jordan. He told Palestinian Arabs that Zionist
Jews would take good care of them. Then, being an amateur artist, he dashed off to paint the
pyramids. These decisions would lead to a series of wars and endless hostilities in the Middle
East. Those hostilities would eventually lead to 9–11 and the US invading Afghanistan and Iraq.

So, we continue to live with the aftermath.

World War (1916-1919) - Schools in the United States teach this. The possible cause and
reasons for the Great War, aka The War to End All Wars, lie in a single concept called M.A.I.N.
Each letter explains the events that led to the spark of the first world war. Here is how they go:

M- Militarism. Countries throughout Europe were arming themselves with more men joining
their armies, more weapons of war being created, just to keep up with their enemies and
perhaps become superior to them technologically. All of that just to keep the security of their
nations in times of war. So, why would they arm themselves? Well, that leads to other reasons.

A- Alliances. This is one of the reasons for militarism. Aside from arming themselves to protect
their nations, Europeans also formed alliances with others to gain even more protection with
the help of their colleagues. Also, they would provide protection for each other. This reason
was not just one of many to escalate the events, but also allowed chaos to break lose. After the
assassination of Archduke, authorities realized that a group of Slavs assassinated him. Once the
government found out, it would look for something to avenge the death by being punitive.
Soon after that, the ally of the Slavs stepped in to threaten Austro-Hungary, and then another
threatens the ally and so on. This image explains it well:

I- Imperialism. European nations knew that Europe is home to them, but not for the lands that
are far away from them. Also, areas around the world attracted these nations with the
materials they could provide. Thus, imperialistic nations in Europe sought to seek more colonies
throughout the world. Great Britain is an example of that because later on became the largest
empire in the world. France still had colonies in Africa, and Russia (Russian Empire) tried to
conquer the Middle East but failed to the British. Here is another cartoon that depicts
imperialism in the 1900’s:
N- Nationalism. Lastly, this is also another reason for European nations to arm themselves but
also released the chaos among assassination. People in these nations began to relate
themselves to their national identities, thus creating pride among them. With the morale and
the pride, they could make progress on the economy, military, and conquest for land. This not
only made them proud of themselves, but also made their enemies jealous. Thus, with jealousy,
rivalries arose among ethnicities such as the Germans against the Slavs. Either morale, pride, or
hate can inspire one to take action without thinking of consequences, and the Great War is an
example. A group of Slavs chose to shoot a world leader, and the consequence was a war raging
throughout Europe.

Golden Twenties (1920 to 1929) - From the point of view of farmers, minorities and labor, were

the 1920’s the “Golden Twenties” as often portrayed? BY: ROBERT TANNER U. S. History 101. 5

Jim Blackwood 11/25/2009 Bibliography Allen, Frederick L. Only Yesterday: An informal history

of the 1920s. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1931. Drowne, Kathleen, and Huber, Patrick. The
1920’s. Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2004. Irving L. Bernstein. The Lean Years: A History of

the American Worker 1920-1933. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1960. Sage, Henry J. The Roaring

Twenties. October 11, 2006): Internet. http://www. sagehistory. net/twenties/Twenties. htm.

November 25, 2009. Williams, Betty. The 1920’s. London: Batsford, 1989 The 1920’s or the

“Roaring Twenties” were a time in U. S. History of great change. This period could be described

as the “Golden Twenties”, where many discoveries and inventions of great importance were

made, prosperous industrial growth, increase in the standard of living, rise of consumerism, and

significant changes in people’s lifestyles. But were the 1920’s “Golden” for everyone?
In my essay I will first take a look at the “Golden” aspects of the twenties, highlighted by some

of the inventions and discoveries that took place during the era, which helped define and shape

the twenties, and follow that up with the farmers’ point of view on the twenties. First off, let’s

take a look at some of the stuff that defined the 1920’s. The 1920s, or the “Roaring Twenties”

were a decade in which nothing big happened, no major catastrophes of large events, at least

until the stock market crash of 1929, yet it is one of the most significant decades in U.

S. history because of the great changes that came about in American society. The Twenties

were known by various images and names: the Jazz Age, the age of the Lost Generation, flaming

youth, flappers, radio and movies, bathtub gin, the speakeasy, organized crime, confession

magazines, Hemingway and Fitzgerald, Lindbergh, Babe Ruth, Bobby Jones, the Great Crash,

Sacco and Vanzetti, AL Smith, cosmetics, Freud, the "New" woman, the Harlem Renaissance,

consumerism, all these images and more are part of the “Golden” Twenties.

Depression Years (1930 to 1939) - The Great Depression was the worst economic
downturn in the history of the industrialized world, lasti ng from 1929 to 1939. It
began aft er the stock market crash  of October 1929, which sent Wall Street  into a
panic and wiped out millions of investors. Over the next several years, consumer
spending and investment dropped, causing steep declines in industrial output and
employment as failing companies laid off workers. By 1933, when the Great
Depression reached its lowest point, some 15 million Americans were unemployed
and nearly half the country’s banks had failed. By then, producti on had already
declined and unemployment had risen, leaving stock prices much higher than their
actual value. Additionally, wages at that ti me were low, consumer debt was
proliferati ng, the agricultural sector of the economy was struggling due to drought
and falling food prices and banks had an excess of large loans that could not be
liquidated.

The American economy entered a mild recession during the summer of 1929, as
consumer spending slowed and unsold goods began to pile up, which in turn slowed
factory production. Nonetheless, stock prices conti nued to rise, and by the fall of
that year had reached stratospheric levels that could not be justifi ed by expected
future earnings.
2. Differentiate each of them. - Hardwired proposes that globalization originated from the
basic motivation of human beings to seek a better life (Chanda, 2007). History shows that our
ancestors travel from Africa to other places in search of food and security. 2. Cycles: it explains
that there is no single point of origin in globalization but it is a long-term cyclical process
wherein the current global age today is only a modification of the global age in the past. Thus, it
should be noted that the global age today will be replaced by a new cycle of globalization in the
future. 3. Epochs: if cycles explain a continuous long-term cyclical process, the epochs explain
that there are waves of globalization that took place in the past and each of them has its own
origin. Epoch is different from the perspective of the cycle as it argues that the previous epochs
are not returning in the future. The following are the great epoch according to Therborn (2000)
1. The fourth to the seventh centuries which witnessed the globalization of religions (e.g.
Christianity, Islam). II. The late fifteenth-century highlighted by European colonial conquests. III.
The late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries during which various Intra - European wars
led to globalization. IV. The mid-nineteenth century to 1918; the heyday of European
imperialism. V. The post - World War II period. 6. The post - Cold War period. 4. Events: this
perspective is different from cycles and epochs as it specifies the event that is somehow
responsible for the origin of globalization. Some are examples of the point of origin from the
perspective of Events: 1. The spread of Christianity after the fall of the Roman Empire. II. The
Other important Voyages such as the discovery of America by Christopher's Columbus in 1942,
Vasco Da Gama rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1498, and the circumnavigation of the
globe completed in 1522 by one of Ferdinand Magellan's ships (Rosenthal, 2007) III. European
Colonialism IV. The founding of the modern Internet-based on Arpanet (which was created in
1969). 5. Broader, more recent Changes: this perspective views that the origin of globalization
has taken place during the recent changes that happened in the 2nd half of the 20th century.
Scholars have identified three significant changes that shape the course of humanity towards
globalization I. The emergence of the United States as the global power in the years following
WWII II. III. The emergence of multinational corporations (MNCs). The demise of the Soviet
Union and the end of the Cold War