60 250 France (1963-) FRA 220 250 QoGStdCSJan20

1.0954643
61 262 Djibouti DJI 522 262 QoGStdCSJan20
8.7222605
62 266 Gabon GAB 481 266 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0914421
63 268 Georgia GEO 372 268 QoGStdCSJan20
2.8466034
64 270 Gambia GMB 420 270 QoGStdCSJan20
0.4055966
65 276 Germany DEU 255 276 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2422352
66 288 Ghana GHA 452 288 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4477930
67 296 Kiribati KIR 946 296 QoGStdCSJan20
5.1297507
68 300 Greece GRC 350 300 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.1909523
69 308 Grenada GRD 55 308 QoGStdCSJan20
3.7356141
70 320 Guatemala GTM 90 320 QoGStdCSJan20
3.0924826
71 324 Guinea GIN 438 324 QoGStdCSJan20 1
0.8288069
72 328 Guyana GUY 110 328 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3161316
73 332 Haiti HTI 41 332 QoGStdCSJan20
1.4527067
74 340 Honduras HND 91 340 QoGStdCSJan20
3.8929722
75 348 Hungary HUN 310 348 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2807977
76 352 Iceland ISL 395 352 QoGStdCSJan20
7.3514752
al_ethnic2000 al_language2000 al_religion2000 bci_bci bci_bcistd egov_ego
v
1 0.7693446 0.6141462 0.2716839 63.56379 4.003445 0.258
5
2 0.2204260 0.0399248 0.4718516 53.08683 2.190391 0.651
9
3 0.3394000 0.4426619 0.0091285 55.64840 2.226610 0.422
7
4 0.7139460 0.6847850 0.2325685 19.97654 4.091641 0.685
7
5 0.7867200 0.7870192 0.6276435 70.68935 3.255071 0.337
6
6 0.1642560 0.1063281 0.6839913 26.94104 4.187762 0.590
6
7 0.2046720 0.2053919 0.4898947 48.87779 2.094134 0.657
4
8 0.2550000 0.0617542 0.2236207 61.39246 2.351225 0.733
5
9 0.0929020 0.3349497 0.8210855 16.89385 1.612753 0.905
3
10 0.1067762 0.1521866 0.4146217 26.11972 1.691130 0.830
1
11 0.4228452 0.1854935 0.6814594 24.14551 3.120098 0.655
2
12 0.5021300 0.4343625 0.5528251 26.08889 1.600711 0.811
6
13 0.0454340 0.0924852 0.2090498 62.36328 2.419203 0.486
2
14 0.1271540 0.1290535 0.4575609 49.13937 2.077063 0.594
4
15 0.1423420 0.0926369 0.6934029 34.88734 1.972020 0.722
9
16 0.5554000 0.5408844 0.2126811 21.76966 1.611526 0.808
0
17 0.6050000 0.6056015 0.3787035 31.85475 1.658412 0.427
4
18 0.7396250 0.2239819 0.2084686 64.15104 2.511665 0.530
7
19 0.6300380 0.6751031 0.6850857 54.33462 2.320384 0.530
3
20 0.4102480 0.4109727 0.5986193 37.37193 1.832551 0.425
3
21 0.5408360 0.0468443 0.6054302 60.97522 2.389339 0.732
7
22 0.7015400 0.6302864 0.5812932 58.06747 4.045541 0.411
5
23 0.1110220 0.5254309 0.6708081 48.43314 3.922083 0.281
6
24 0.5416000 0.3437908 0.4404053 29.01502 1.861891 0.692
3
25 0.4021141 0.3030913 0.5965012 53.74729 2.200746 0.717
7
26 0.5061860 0.5072459 0.1973855 65.80718 3.432124 0.332
8
27 0.2951440 0.2976615 0.5158263 65.31797 2.496946 0.298
5
28 0.3221840 0.4666067 0.6116207 43.18248 3.570889 0.764
1
29 0.2104640 0.2104394 0.0964534 57.59051 2.234566 0.375
3
30 0.8634900 0.8897894 0.7337534 64.93100 2.504108 0.399
7
31 0.7124200 0.5771839 0.6957678 20.45971 1.671830 0.825
8
32 0.4174000 NA 0.0766164 41.80720 1.902774 0.498
0
33 0.8295100 0.8333871 0.7916332 67.95472 3.653582 0.158
4
34 0.4150000 0.4644557 0.4852962 48.75805 2.002006 0.575
1
35 0.8620160 0.8635251 0.6410788 74.09841 2.730655 0.125
7
36 0.1861460 0.1870761 0.3841057 30.32777 1.717360 0.735
0
37 0.1537903 0.1326977 0.6642963 44.21070 1.869628 0.681
1
38 0.2744000 0.5027927 0.6844943 30.88908 1.678783 N
A
39 0.6014000 0.0192682 0.1478351 59.44889 2.299077 0.687
1
40 0.0000000 0.0102913 0.0137451 59.94489 3.765834 0.233
6
41 0.8747260 0.6871037 0.6642361 65.85186 4.419212 0.302
4
42 0.8747260 0.8704723 0.7021410 65.29471 3.350153 0.261
2
43 0.2368000 0.0489116 0.2409582 44.67026 1.947819 0.700
4
44 0.3690260 0.0762839 0.4447331 50.50840 2.124704 0.701
8
45 0.5908000 NA 0.5059358 39.33836 3.329863 0.410
1
46 0.0938540 0.3961601 0.3961601 38.26173 1.792591 0.773
6
47 0.3221640 0.3233430 0.6590906 49.09991 2.114435 0.708
4
48 0.7872160 0.7905251 0.5543994 62.45527 2.487601 0.326
4
49 0.0818600 0.1049465 0.2333039 11.87087 1.717843 0.915
0
50 0.2002620 NA 0.4628099 27.54925 3.722977 0.579
4
51 0.4294000 0.0394729 0.3118443 64.24565 2.467956 0.572
6
52 0.6550000 0.1308116 0.1417125 56.14345 2.269148 0.612
9
53 0.1978000 NA 0.3558834 57.23116 2.221855 0.546
9
54 0.3467000 0.3220486 0.1195111 72.88554 3.901659 0.229
8
55 0.7234720 0.8073233 0.6248680 50.57269 2.092829 0.346
3
56 0.6524000 0.6530491 0.4253191 59.43798 3.456878 0.133
7
57 0.5061700 0.4944277 0.4984568 24.77734 1.766542 0.848
6
58 0.5479420 0.5479090 0.5681994 36.89287 3.720554 0.534
8
59 0.1314973 0.1412075 0.2531044 8.42959 1.750302 0.881
5
60 0.1032168 0.1220981 0.4028581 25.62769 1.647875 0.879
0
61 0.7961660 0.6558025 0.0434568 49.46507 3.502905 0.240
1
62 0.7689600 0.7820833 0.6674408 55.22462 2.515613 0.431
3
63 0.4922740 0.4748520 0.6542991 29.72499 1.808945 0.689
3
64 0.7864020 0.8076314 0.0969684 43.24607 1.825122 0.295
8
65 0.1682020 0.1642306 0.6571196 23.63120 1.777794 0.876
5
66 0.6733320 0.6730879 0.7986752 55.81487 2.250799 0.539
0
67 0.0510540 0.0236725 0.5541115 39.91309 3.764675 0.345
0
68 0.1576301 0.0299515 0.1530306 49.58624 2.048355 0.783
3
69 0.2661340 NA 0.5897732 32.84863 3.669444 0.593
0
70 0.5122000 0.4585927 0.3753242 58.07634 2.301661 0.497
4
71 0.7389420 0.7725216 0.2648523 68.84654 2.803771 0.234
8
72 0.6194980 0.0688036 0.7875918 58.61727 2.630760 0.431
6
73 0.0950000 NA 0.4703656 65.69626 2.647635 0.304
7
74 0.1867000 0.0552890 0.2357165 57.50077 2.213683 0.447
4
75 0.1522000 0.0296652 0.5243750 51.04215 2.155741 0.726
5
76 0.0797960 0.0820409 0.1913265 16.27274 1.710539 0.831
6
[ reached 'max' / getOption("max.print") -- omitted 118 rows ]
> str(Mydata)
'data.frame': 194 obs. of 13 variables:
$ ccode : int 4 8 12 20 24 28 31 32 36 40 ...
 $ cname : Factor w/ 194 levels "Afghanistan",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 7 9
10 ...
$ ccodealp : Factor w/ 194 levels "AFG","AGO","ALB",..: 1 3 50 4 2 8 1
1 6 9 10 ...
$ ccodecow : int 700 339 615 232 540 58 373 160 900 305 ...
$ ccodewb : int 4 8 12 20 24 28 31 32 36 40 ...
$ version : Factor w/ 1 level "QoGStdCSJan20": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ..
.
$ wdi_gdpgr : num 2.26 3.35 3.3 1.89 -2.58 ...
$ al_ethnic2000 : num 0.769 0.22 0.339 0.714 0.787 ...
$ al_language2000: num 0.6141 0.0399 0.4427 0.6848 0.787 ...
$ al_religion2000: num 0.27168 0.47185 0.00913 0.23257 0.62764 ...
$ bci_bci : num 63.6 53.1 55.6 20 70.7 ...
$ bci_bcistd : num 4 2.19 2.23 4.09 3.26 ...
$ egov_egov : num 0.259 0.652 0.423 0.686 0.338 ...
> summary(Mydata)
ccode cname ccodealp ccodecow c
codewb
Min. : 4.0 Afghanistan : 1 AFG : 1 Min. : 2.0 Min.
: 4.0
1st Qu.:209.0 Albania : 1 AGO : 1 1st Qu.:290.0 1st
Qu.:206.0
Median :429.0 Algeria : 1 ALB : 1 Median :452.0 Medi
an :426.0
Mean :431.9 Andorra : 1 AND : 1 Mean :470.5 Mean
:428.7
3rd Qu.:655.8 Angola : 1 ARE : 1 3rd Qu.:690.0 3rd
Qu.:644.5
Max. :894.0 Antigua and Barbuda: 1 ARG : 1 Max. :990.0 Max.
:894.0
(Other) :188 (Other):188 NA's :1 NA's
:3
version wdi_gdpgr al_ethnic2000 al_language2000
QoGStdCSJan20:194 Min. :-13.621 Min. :0.0000 Min. :0.002113
1st Qu.: 1.604 1st Qu.:0.1984 1st Qu.:0.127087
Median : 3.065 Median :0.4303 Median :0.369447
Mean : 2.871 Mean :0.4372 Mean :0.391041
3rd Qu.: 4.584 3rd Qu.:0.6594 3rd Qu.:0.632365
Max. : 13.572 Max. :0.9302 Max. :0.922679
NA's :6 NA's :8 NA's :15
al_religion2000 bci_bci bci_bcistd egov_egov
Min. :0.002286 Min. : 7.486 Min. :1.579 Min. :0.0566
1st Qu.:0.230132 1st Qu.:36.725 1st Qu.:1.921 1st Qu.:0.3753
Median :0.466588 Median :50.005 Median :2.220 Median :0.5615
Mean :0.437876 Mean :46.701 Mean :2.579 Mean :0.5491
3rd Qu.:0.642544 3rd Qu.:58.651 3rd Qu.:2.947 3rd Qu.:0.7155
Max. :0.860260 Max. :74.890 Max. :8.973 Max. :0.9150
NA's :6 NA's :2 NA's :2 NA's :1
> #Missing Data
> p<-function(x) {sum(is.na(x))/length(x)*100}
> apply(Mydata,2,p)
ccode cname ccodealp ccodecow ccode
wb
0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.5154639 1.54639
18
version wdi_gdpgr al_ethnic2000 al_language2000 al_religion20
00
0.0000000 3.0927835 4.1237113 7.7319588 3.09278
35
bci_bci bci_bcistd egov_egov
1.0309278 1.0309278 0.5154639
> md.pattern(Mydata)
Error in md.pattern(Mydata) : could not find function "md.pattern"
> complete.cases(Mydata)
 [1] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[15] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[29] TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[43] TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE
TRUE FALSE
[57] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
FALSE TRUE
[71] TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[85] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[99] TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE
[113] TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[127] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[141] FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE
FALSE TRUE
[155] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[169] TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE TRUE
[183] TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE
> which(complete.cases(Mydata))
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21
[22] 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 34 35 36 37 39 40 41
42 43 44
[43] 46 47 48 49 51 52 54 55 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66
67 68 70
[64] 71 72 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89
91 92 93
[85] 94 95 96 97 98 99 101 102 103 104 105 107 108 109 110 111 113 114
116 117 118
[106] 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136
137 138 139
[127] 140 142 143 144 147 148 151 152 154 155 156 157 158 159 161 162 163 166
167 168 169
[148] 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188
189 190 191
[169] 192 194
> which(!complete.cases(Mydata))
[1] 32 38 45 50 53 56 69 73 90 100 106 112 115 141 145 146 149 150
153 160 164 165
[23] 170 193
> Na_Val<-which(!complete.cases(Mydata))
> print(Na_Val)
[1] 32 38 45 50 53 56 69 73 90 100 106 112 115 141 145 146 149 150
153 160 164 165
[23] 170 193
> Mydata_no_na<-Mydata[-Na_Val]
> print(Mydata_no_na)
ccode cname ccodealp ccodecow ccodewb version
wdi_gdpgr
1 4 Afghanistan AFG 700 4 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2603142
2 8 Albania ALB 339 8 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3499997
3 12 Algeria DZA 615 12 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3000000
4 20 Andorra AND 232 20 QoGStdCSJan20
1.8891244
5 24 Angola AGO 540 24 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.5800972
6 28 Antigua and Barbuda ATG 58 28 QoGStdCSJan20
5.5897408
7 31 Azerbaijan AZE 373 31 QoGStdCSJan20 -
3.0641999
8 32 Argentina ARG 160 32 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.0803277
9 36 Australia AUS 900 36 QoGStdCSJan20
2.8467550
10 40 Austria AUT 305 40 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0395751
11 44 Bahamas BHS 31 44 QoGStdCSJan20 -
1.6895498
12 48 Bahrain BHR 692 48 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4709237
13 50 Bangladesh BGD 771 50 QoGStdCSJan20
7.1134896
14 51 Armenia ARM 371 51 QoGStdCSJan20
0.2000000
15 52 Barbados BRB 53 52 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0071685
16 56 Belgium BEL 211 56 QoGStdCSJan20
1.4525522
17 64 Bhutan BTN 760 64 QoGStdCSJan20
8.0221014
18 68 Bolivia BOL 145 68 QoGStdCSJan20
4.2639194
19 70 Bosnia and Herzegovina BIH 346 70 QoGStdCSJan20
3.1456580
20 72 Botswana BWA 571 72 QoGStdCSJan20
4.3037734
21 76 Brazil BRA 140 76 QoGStdCSJan20 -
3.3054543
22 84 Belize BLZ 80 84 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.5880237
23 90 Solomon Islands SLB 940 90 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4566061
24 96 Brunei BRN 835 96 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.4655149
25 100 Bulgaria BGR 355 100 QoGStdCSJan20
3.9367580
26 104 Myanmar MMR 775 104 QoGStdCSJan20
5.8624730
27 108 Burundi BDI 516 108 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.6000200
28 112 Belarus BLR 370 112 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.5264463
29 116 Cambodia KHM 811 116 QoGStdCSJan20
7.0309668
30 120 Cameroon CMR 471 120 QoGStdCSJan20
4.6484814
31 124 Canada CAN 20 124 QoGStdCSJan20
1.1070994
32 132 Cape Verde CPV 402 132 QoGStdCSJan20
4.7057915
33 140 Central African Republic CAF 482 140 QoGStdCSJan20
5.0062857
34 144 Sri Lanka LKA 780 144 QoGStdCSJan20
4.4866347
35 148 Chad TCD 483 148 QoGStdCSJan20 -
6.2555270
36 152 Chile CHL 155 152 QoGStdCSJan20
1.6705402
37 156 China CHN 710 156 QoGStdCSJan20
6.7366753
38 158 Taiwan TWN 713 158 QoGStdCSJan20
NA
39 170 Colombia COL 100 170 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0873826
40 174 Comoros COM 581 174 QoGStdCSJan20
2.1881974
41 178 Congo COG 484 178 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.8000188
42 180 Congo, Democratic Republic COD 490 180 QoGStdCSJan20
2.3993790
43 188 Costa Rica CRI 94 188 QoGStdCSJan20
4.2459898
44 191 Croatia HRV 344 191 QoGStdCSJan20
3.5361295
45 192 Cuba CUB 40 192 QoGStdCSJan20
0.5137615
46 196 Cyprus (1975-) CYP 352 196 QoGStdCSJan20
4.8121877
47 203 Czech Republic CZE 316 203 QoGStdCSJan20
2.4505424
48 204 Benin BEN 434 204 QoGStdCSJan20
3.9648600
49 208 Denmark DNK 390 208 QoGStdCSJan20
2.3996720
50 212 Dominica DMA 54 212 QoGStdCSJan20
2.5220509
51 214 Dominican Republic DOM 42 214 QoGStdCSJan20
6.6122084
52 218 Ecuador ECU 130 218 QoGStdCSJan20 -
1.2263840
53 222 El Salvador SLV 92 222 QoGStdCSJan20
2.5074584
54 226 Equatorial Guinea GNQ 411 226 QoGStdCSJan20 -
8.8164177
55 231 Ethiopia (1993-) ETH 530 231 QoGStdCSJan20
9.4334831
56 232 Eritrea ERI 531 232 QoGStdCSJan20
NA
57 233 Estonia EST 366 233 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4890971
58 242 Fiji FJI 950 242 QoGStdCSJan20
2.6452897
59 246 Finland FIN 375 246 QoGStdCSJan20
2.7719254
60 250 France (1963-) FRA 220 250 QoGStdCSJan20
1.0954643
61 262 Djibouti DJI 522 262 QoGStdCSJan20
8.7222605
62 266 Gabon GAB 481 266 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0914421
63 268 Georgia GEO 372 268 QoGStdCSJan20
2.8466034
64 270 Gambia GMB 420 270 QoGStdCSJan20
0.4055966
65 276 Germany DEU 255 276 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2422352
66 288 Ghana GHA 452 288 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4477930
67 296 Kiribati KIR 946 296 QoGStdCSJan20
5.1297507
68 300 Greece GRC 350 300 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.1909523
69 308 Grenada GRD 55 308 QoGStdCSJan20
3.7356141
70 320 Guatemala GTM 90 320 QoGStdCSJan20
3.0924826
71 324 Guinea GIN 438 324 QoGStdCSJan20 1
0.8288069
72 328 Guyana GUY 110 328 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3161316
73 332 Haiti HTI 41 332 QoGStdCSJan20
1.4527067
74 340 Honduras HND 91 340 QoGStdCSJan20
3.8929722
75 348 Hungary HUN 310 348 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2807977
76 352 Iceland ISL 395 352 QoGStdCSJan20
7.3514752
al_ethnic2000 al_language2000 al_religion2000 bci_bci bci_bcistd egov_ego
v
1 0.7693446 0.6141462 0.2716839 63.56379 4.003445 0.258
5
2 0.2204260 0.0399248 0.4718516 53.08683 2.190391 0.651
9
3 0.3394000 0.4426619 0.0091285 55.64840 2.226610 0.422
7
4 0.7139460 0.6847850 0.2325685 19.97654 4.091641 0.685
7
5 0.7867200 0.7870192 0.6276435 70.68935 3.255071 0.337
6
6 0.1642560 0.1063281 0.6839913 26.94104 4.187762 0.590
6
7 0.2046720 0.2053919 0.4898947 48.87779 2.094134 0.657
4
8 0.2550000 0.0617542 0.2236207 61.39246 2.351225 0.733
5
9 0.0929020 0.3349497 0.8210855 16.89385 1.612753 0.905
3
10 0.1067762 0.1521866 0.4146217 26.11972 1.691130 0.830
1
11 0.4228452 0.1854935 0.6814594 24.14551 3.120098 0.655
2
12 0.5021300 0.4343625 0.5528251 26.08889 1.600711 0.811
6
13 0.0454340 0.0924852 0.2090498 62.36328 2.419203 0.486
2
14 0.1271540 0.1290535 0.4575609 49.13937 2.077063 0.594
4
15 0.1423420 0.0926369 0.6934029 34.88734 1.972020 0.722
9
16 0.5554000 0.5408844 0.2126811 21.76966 1.611526 0.808
0
17 0.6050000 0.6056015 0.3787035 31.85475 1.658412 0.427
4
18 0.7396250 0.2239819 0.2084686 64.15104 2.511665 0.530
7
19 0.6300380 0.6751031 0.6850857 54.33462 2.320384 0.530
3
20 0.4102480 0.4109727 0.5986193 37.37193 1.832551 0.425
3
21 0.5408360 0.0468443 0.6054302 60.97522 2.389339 0.732
7
22 0.7015400 0.6302864 0.5812932 58.06747 4.045541 0.411
5
23 0.1110220 0.5254309 0.6708081 48.43314 3.922083 0.281
6
24 0.5416000 0.3437908 0.4404053 29.01502 1.861891 0.692
3
25 0.4021141 0.3030913 0.5965012 53.74729 2.200746 0.717
7
26 0.5061860 0.5072459 0.1973855 65.80718 3.432124 0.332
8
27 0.2951440 0.2976615 0.5158263 65.31797 2.496946 0.298
5
28 0.3221840 0.4666067 0.6116207 43.18248 3.570889 0.764
1
29 0.2104640 0.2104394 0.0964534 57.59051 2.234566 0.375
3
30 0.8634900 0.8897894 0.7337534 64.93100 2.504108 0.399
7
31 0.7124200 0.5771839 0.6957678 20.45971 1.671830 0.825
8
32 0.4174000 NA 0.0766164 41.80720 1.902774 0.498
0
33 0.8295100 0.8333871 0.7916332 67.95472 3.653582 0.158
4
34 0.4150000 0.4644557 0.4852962 48.75805 2.002006 0.575
1
35 0.8620160 0.8635251 0.6410788 74.09841 2.730655 0.125
7
36 0.1861460 0.1870761 0.3841057 30.32777 1.717360 0.735
0
37 0.1537903 0.1326977 0.6642963 44.21070 1.869628 0.681
1
38 0.2744000 0.5027927 0.6844943 30.88908 1.678783 N
A
39 0.6014000 0.0192682 0.1478351 59.44889 2.299077 0.687
1
40 0.0000000 0.0102913 0.0137451 59.94489 3.765834 0.233
6
41 0.8747260 0.6871037 0.6642361 65.85186 4.419212 0.302
4
42 0.8747260 0.8704723 0.7021410 65.29471 3.350153 0.261
2
43 0.2368000 0.0489116 0.2409582 44.67026 1.947819 0.700
4
44 0.3690260 0.0762839 0.4447331 50.50840 2.124704 0.701
8
45 0.5908000 NA 0.5059358 39.33836 3.329863 0.410
1
46 0.0938540 0.3961601 0.3961601 38.26173 1.792591 0.773
6
47 0.3221640 0.3233430 0.6590906 49.09991 2.114435 0.708
4
48 0.7872160 0.7905251 0.5543994 62.45527 2.487601 0.326
4
49 0.0818600 0.1049465 0.2333039 11.87087 1.717843 0.915
0
50 0.2002620 NA 0.4628099 27.54925 3.722977 0.579
4
51 0.4294000 0.0394729 0.3118443 64.24565 2.467956 0.572
6
52 0.6550000 0.1308116 0.1417125 56.14345 2.269148 0.612
9
53 0.1978000 NA 0.3558834 57.23116 2.221855 0.546
9
54 0.3467000 0.3220486 0.1195111 72.88554 3.901659 0.229
8
55 0.7234720 0.8073233 0.6248680 50.57269 2.092829 0.346
3
56 0.6524000 0.6530491 0.4253191 59.43798 3.456878 0.133
7
57 0.5061700 0.4944277 0.4984568 24.77734 1.766542 0.848
6
58 0.5479420 0.5479090 0.5681994 36.89287 3.720554 0.534
8
59 0.1314973 0.1412075 0.2531044 8.42959 1.750302 0.881
5
60 0.1032168 0.1220981 0.4028581 25.62769 1.647875 0.879
0
61 0.7961660 0.6558025 0.0434568 49.46507 3.502905 0.240
1
62 0.7689600 0.7820833 0.6674408 55.22462 2.515613 0.431
3
63 0.4922740 0.4748520 0.6542991 29.72499 1.808945 0.689
3
64 0.7864020 0.8076314 0.0969684 43.24607 1.825122 0.295
8
65 0.1682020 0.1642306 0.6571196 23.63120 1.777794 0.876
5
66 0.6733320 0.6730879 0.7986752 55.81487 2.250799 0.539
0
67 0.0510540 0.0236725 0.5541115 39.91309 3.764675 0.345
0
68 0.1576301 0.0299515 0.1530306 49.58624 2.048355 0.783
3
69 0.2661340 NA 0.5897732 32.84863 3.669444 0.593
0
70 0.5122000 0.4585927 0.3753242 58.07634 2.301661 0.497
4
71 0.7389420 0.7725216 0.2648523 68.84654 2.803771 0.234
8
72 0.6194980 0.0688036 0.7875918 58.61727 2.630760 0.431
6
73 0.0950000 NA 0.4703656 65.69626 2.647635 0.304
7
74 0.1867000 0.0552890 0.2357165 57.50077 2.213683 0.447
4
75 0.1522000 0.0296652 0.5243750 51.04215 2.155741 0.726
5
76 0.0797960 0.0820409 0.1913265 16.27274 1.710539 0.831
6
[ reached 'max' / getOption("max.print") -- omitted 118 rows ]
> str(Mydata_no_na)
'data.frame': 194 obs. of 13 variables:
$ ccode : int 4 8 12 20 24 28 31 32 36 40 ...
$ cname : Factor w/ 194 levels "Afghanistan",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 7 9
10 ...
$ ccodealp : Factor w/ 194 levels "AFG","AGO","ALB",..: 1 3 50 4 2 8 1
1 6 9 10 ...
$ ccodecow : int 700 339 615 232 540 58 373 160 900 305 ...
$ ccodewb : int 4 8 12 20 24 28 31 32 36 40 ...
$ version : Factor w/ 1 level "QoGStdCSJan20": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ..
.
$ wdi_gdpgr : num 2.26 3.35 3.3 1.89 -2.58 ...
$ al_ethnic2000 : num 0.769 0.22 0.339 0.714 0.787 ...
$ al_language2000: num 0.6141 0.0399 0.4427 0.6848 0.787 ...
$ al_religion2000: num 0.27168 0.47185 0.00913 0.23257 0.62764 ...
$ bci_bci : num 63.6 53.1 55.6 20 70.7 ...
$ bci_bcistd : num 4 2.19 2.23 4.09 3.26 ...
$ egov_egov : num 0.259 0.652 0.423 0.686 0.338 ...
> summary(Mydata_no_na)
 ccode cname ccodealp ccodecow c
codewb
Min. : 4.0 Afghanistan : 1 AFG : 1 Min. : 2.0 Min.
: 4.0
1st Qu.:209.0 Albania : 1 AGO : 1 1st Qu.:290.0 1st
Qu.:206.0
Median :429.0 Algeria : 1 ALB : 1 Median :452.0 Medi
an :426.0
Mean :431.9 Andorra : 1 AND : 1 Mean :470.5 Mean
:428.7
3rd Qu.:655.8 Angola : 1 ARE : 1 3rd Qu.:690.0 3rd
Qu.:644.5
Max. :894.0 Antigua and Barbuda: 1 ARG : 1 Max. :990.0 Max.
:894.0
(Other) :188 (Other):188 NA's :1 NA's
:3
version wdi_gdpgr al_ethnic2000 al_language2000
QoGStdCSJan20:194 Min. :-13.621 Min. :0.0000 Min. :0.002113
1st Qu.: 1.604 1st Qu.:0.1984 1st Qu.:0.127087
Median : 3.065 Median :0.4303 Median :0.369447
Mean : 2.871 Mean :0.4372 Mean :0.391041
3rd Qu.: 4.584 3rd Qu.:0.6594 3rd Qu.:0.632365
Max. : 13.572 Max. :0.9302 Max. :0.922679
NA's :6 NA's :8 NA's :15
al_religion2000 bci_bci bci_bcistd egov_egov
Min. :0.002286 Min. : 7.486 Min. :1.579 Min. :0.0566
1st Qu.:0.230132 1st Qu.:36.725 1st Qu.:1.921 1st Qu.:0.3753
Median :0.466588 Median :50.005 Median :2.220 Median :0.5615
Mean :0.437876 Mean :46.701 Mean :2.579 Mean :0.5491
3rd Qu.:0.642544 3rd Qu.:58.651 3rd Qu.:2.947 3rd Qu.:0.7155
Max. :0.860260 Max. :74.890 Max. :8.973 Max. :0.9150
NA's :6 NA's :2 NA's :2 NA's :1
> Mydata_no_na<-Mydata[-Na_Val,]
> Mydata_no_na<-Mydata[-Na_Val,]
> print(Mydata_no_na)
ccode cname ccodealp ccodecow ccodewb version
wdi_gdpgr
1 4 Afghanistan AFG 700 4 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2603142
2 8 Albania ALB 339 8 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3499997
3 12 Algeria DZA 615 12 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3000000
4 20 Andorra AND 232 20 QoGStdCSJan20
1.8891244
5 24 Angola AGO 540 24 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.5800972
6 28 Antigua and Barbuda ATG 58 28 QoGStdCSJan20
5.5897408
7 31 Azerbaijan AZE 373 31 QoGStdCSJan20 -
3.0641999
8 32 Argentina ARG 160 32 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.0803277
9 36 Australia AUS 900 36 QoGStdCSJan20
2.8467550
10 40 Austria AUT 305 40 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0395751
11 44 Bahamas BHS 31 44 QoGStdCSJan20 -
1.6895498
12 48 Bahrain BHR 692 48 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4709237
13 50 Bangladesh BGD 771 50 QoGStdCSJan20
7.1134896
14 51 Armenia ARM 371 51 QoGStdCSJan20
0.2000000
15 52 Barbados BRB 53 52 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0071685
16 56 Belgium BEL 211 56 QoGStdCSJan20
1.4525522
17 64 Bhutan BTN 760 64 QoGStdCSJan20
8.0221014
18 68 Bolivia BOL 145 68 QoGStdCSJan20
4.2639194
19 70 Bosnia and Herzegovina BIH 346 70 QoGStdCSJan20
3.1456580
20 72 Botswana BWA 571 72 QoGStdCSJan20
4.3037734
21 76 Brazil BRA 140 76 QoGStdCSJan20 -
3.3054543
22 84 Belize BLZ 80 84 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.5880237
23 90 Solomon Islands SLB 940 90 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4566061
24 96 Brunei BRN 835 96 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.4655149
25 100 Bulgaria BGR 355 100 QoGStdCSJan20
3.9367580
26 104 Myanmar MMR 775 104 QoGStdCSJan20
5.8624730
27 108 Burundi BDI 516 108 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.6000200
28 112 Belarus BLR 370 112 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.5264463
29 116 Cambodia KHM 811 116 QoGStdCSJan20
7.0309668
30 120 Cameroon CMR 471 120 QoGStdCSJan20
4.6484814
31 124 Canada CAN 20 124 QoGStdCSJan20
1.1070994
33 140 Central African Republic CAF 482 140 QoGStdCSJan20
5.0062857
34 144 Sri Lanka LKA 780 144 QoGStdCSJan20
4.4866347
35 148 Chad TCD 483 148 QoGStdCSJan20 -
6.2555270
36 152 Chile CHL 155 152 QoGStdCSJan20
1.6705402
37 156 China CHN 710 156 QoGStdCSJan20
6.7366753
39 170 Colombia COL 100 170 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0873826
40 174 Comoros COM 581 174 QoGStdCSJan20
2.1881974
41 178 Congo COG 484 178 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.8000188
42 180 Congo, Democratic Republic COD 490 180 QoGStdCSJan20
2.3993790
43 188 Costa Rica CRI 94 188 QoGStdCSJan20
4.2459898
44 191 Croatia HRV 344 191 QoGStdCSJan20
3.5361295
46 196 Cyprus (1975-) CYP 352 196 QoGStdCSJan20
4.8121877
47 203 Czech Republic CZE 316 203 QoGStdCSJan20
2.4505424
48 204 Benin BEN 434 204 QoGStdCSJan20
3.9648600
49 208 Denmark DNK 390 208 QoGStdCSJan20
2.3996720
51 214 Dominican Republic DOM 42 214 QoGStdCSJan20
6.6122084
52 218 Ecuador ECU 130 218 QoGStdCSJan20 -
1.2263840
54 226 Equatorial Guinea GNQ 411 226 QoGStdCSJan20 -
8.8164177
55 231 Ethiopia (1993-) ETH 530 231 QoGStdCSJan20
9.4334831
57 233 Estonia EST 366 233 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4890971
58 242 Fiji FJI 950 242 QoGStdCSJan20
2.6452897
59 246 Finland FIN 375 246 QoGStdCSJan20
2.7719254
60 250 France (1963-) FRA 220 250 QoGStdCSJan20
1.0954643
61 262 Djibouti DJI 522 262 QoGStdCSJan20
8.7222605
62 266 Gabon GAB 481 266 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0914421
63 268 Georgia GEO 372 268 QoGStdCSJan20
2.8466034
64 270 Gambia GMB 420 270 QoGStdCSJan20
0.4055966
65 276 Germany DEU 255 276 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2422352
66 288 Ghana GHA 452 288 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4477930
67 296 Kiribati KIR 946 296 QoGStdCSJan20
5.1297507
68 300 Greece GRC 350 300 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.1909523
70 320 Guatemala GTM 90 320 QoGStdCSJan20
3.0924826
71 324 Guinea GIN 438 324 QoGStdCSJan20 1
0.8288069
72 328 Guyana GUY 110 328 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3161316
74 340 Honduras HND 91 340 QoGStdCSJan20
3.8929722
75 348 Hungary HUN 310 348 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2807977
76 352 Iceland ISL 395 352 QoGStdCSJan20
7.3514752
77 356 India IND 750 356 QoGStdCSJan20
8.1695261
78 360 Indonesia IDN 850 360 QoGStdCSJan20
5.0330691
79 364 Iran IRN 630 364 QoGStdCSJan20 1
3.3962440
80 368 Iraq IRQ 645 368 QoGStdCSJan20 1
3.5722189
81 372 Ireland IRL 205 372 QoGStdCSJan20
3.6778157
82 376 Israel ISR 666 376 QoGStdCSJan20
4.0078888
83 380 Italy ITA 325 380 QoGStdCSJan20
1.1189007
84 384 Cote d'Ivoire CIV 437 384 QoGStdCSJan20
7.9717512
al_ethnic2000 al_language2000 al_religion2000 bci_bci bci_bcistd egov_ego
v
1 0.7693446 0.6141462 0.2716839 63.56379 4.003445 0.258
5
2 0.2204260 0.0399248 0.4718516 53.08683 2.190391 0.651
9
3 0.3394000 0.4426619 0.0091285 55.64840 2.226610 0.422
7
4 0.7139460 0.6847850 0.2325685 19.97654 4.091641 0.685
7
5 0.7867200 0.7870192 0.6276435 70.68935 3.255071 0.337
6
6 0.1642560 0.1063281 0.6839913 26.94104 4.187762 0.590
6
7 0.2046720 0.2053919 0.4898947 48.87779 2.094134 0.657
4
8 0.2550000 0.0617542 0.2236207 61.39246 2.351225 0.733
5
9 0.0929020 0.3349497 0.8210855 16.89385 1.612753 0.905
3
10 0.1067762 0.1521866 0.4146217 26.11972 1.691130 0.830
1
11 0.4228452 0.1854935 0.6814594 24.14551 3.120098 0.655
2
12 0.5021300 0.4343625 0.5528251 26.08889 1.600711 0.811
6
13 0.0454340 0.0924852 0.2090498 62.36328 2.419203 0.486
2
14 0.1271540 0.1290535 0.4575609 49.13937 2.077063 0.594
4
15 0.1423420 0.0926369 0.6934029 34.88734 1.972020 0.722
9
16 0.5554000 0.5408844 0.2126811 21.76966 1.611526 0.808
0
17 0.6050000 0.6056015 0.3787035 31.85475 1.658412 0.427
4
18 0.7396250 0.2239819 0.2084686 64.15104 2.511665 0.530
7
19 0.6300380 0.6751031 0.6850857 54.33462 2.320384 0.530
3
20 0.4102480 0.4109727 0.5986193 37.37193 1.832551 0.425
3
21 0.5408360 0.0468443 0.6054302 60.97522 2.389339 0.732
7
22 0.7015400 0.6302864 0.5812932 58.06747 4.045541 0.411
5
23 0.1110220 0.5254309 0.6708081 48.43314 3.922083 0.281
6
24 0.5416000 0.3437908 0.4404053 29.01502 1.861891 0.692
3
25 0.4021141 0.3030913 0.5965012 53.74729 2.200746 0.717
7
26 0.5061860 0.5072459 0.1973855 65.80718 3.432124 0.332
8
27 0.2951440 0.2976615 0.5158263 65.31797 2.496946 0.298
5
28 0.3221840 0.4666067 0.6116207 43.18248 3.570889 0.764
1
29 0.2104640 0.2104394 0.0964534 57.59051 2.234566 0.375
3
30 0.8634900 0.8897894 0.7337534 64.93100 2.504108 0.399
7
31 0.7124200 0.5771839 0.6957678 20.45971 1.671830 0.825
8
33 0.8295100 0.8333871 0.7916332 67.95472 3.653582 0.158
4
34 0.4150000 0.4644557 0.4852962 48.75805 2.002006 0.575
1
35 0.8620160 0.8635251 0.6410788 74.09841 2.730655 0.125
7
36 0.1861460 0.1870761 0.3841057 30.32777 1.717360 0.735
0
37 0.1537903 0.1326977 0.6642963 44.21070 1.869628 0.681
1
39 0.6014000 0.0192682 0.1478351 59.44889 2.299077 0.687
1
40 0.0000000 0.0102913 0.0137451 59.94489 3.765834 0.233
6
41 0.8747260 0.6871037 0.6642361 65.85186 4.419212 0.302
4
42 0.8747260 0.8704723 0.7021410 65.29471 3.350153 0.261
2
43 0.2368000 0.0489116 0.2409582 44.67026 1.947819 0.700
4
44 0.3690260 0.0762839 0.4447331 50.50840 2.124704 0.701
8
46 0.0938540 0.3961601 0.3961601 38.26173 1.792591 0.773
6
47 0.3221640 0.3233430 0.6590906 49.09991 2.114435 0.708
4
48 0.7872160 0.7905251 0.5543994 62.45527 2.487601 0.326
4
49 0.0818600 0.1049465 0.2333039 11.87087 1.717843 0.915
0
51 0.4294000 0.0394729 0.3118443 64.24565 2.467956 0.572
6
52 0.6550000 0.1308116 0.1417125 56.14345 2.269148 0.612
9
54 0.3467000 0.3220486 0.1195111 72.88554 3.901659 0.229
8
55 0.7234720 0.8073233 0.6248680 50.57269 2.092829 0.346
3
57 0.5061700 0.4944277 0.4984568 24.77734 1.766542 0.848
6
58 0.5479420 0.5479090 0.5681994 36.89287 3.720554 0.534
8
59 0.1314973 0.1412075 0.2531044 8.42959 1.750302 0.881
5
60 0.1032168 0.1220981 0.4028581 25.62769 1.647875 0.879
0
61 0.7961660 0.6558025 0.0434568 49.46507 3.502905 0.240
1
62 0.7689600 0.7820833 0.6674408 55.22462 2.515613 0.431
3
63 0.4922740 0.4748520 0.6542991 29.72499 1.808945 0.689
3
64 0.7864020 0.8076314 0.0969684 43.24607 1.825122 0.295
8
65 0.1682020 0.1642306 0.6571196 23.63120 1.777794 0.876
5
66 0.6733320 0.6730879 0.7986752 55.81487 2.250799 0.539
0
67 0.0510540 0.0236725 0.5541115 39.91309 3.764675 0.345
0
68 0.1576301 0.0299515 0.1530306 49.58624 2.048355 0.783
3
70 0.5122000 0.4585927 0.3753242 58.07634 2.301661 0.497
4
71 0.7389420 0.7725216 0.2648523 68.84654 2.803771 0.234
8
72 0.6194980 0.0688036 0.7875918 58.61727 2.630760 0.431
6
74 0.1867000 0.0552890 0.2357165 57.50077 2.213683 0.447
4
75 0.1522000 0.0296652 0.5243750 51.04215 2.155741 0.726
5
76 0.0797960 0.0820409 0.1913265 16.27274 1.710539 0.831
6
77 0.4182000 0.8069049 0.3260226 42.57489 1.850470 0.566
9
78 0.7351340 0.7679988 0.2340266 48.56701 1.978908 0.525
8
79 0.6684000 0.7462229 0.1151954 53.16616 2.086202 0.608
3
80 0.3689100 0.3694473 0.4843678 58.73267 3.714540 0.337
6
81 0.1206350 0.0312421 0.1549789 14.64550 1.793002 0.828
7
82 0.3435937 0.5524736 0.3468543 30.21578 1.768308 0.799
8
83 0.1145190 0.1146823 0.3026566 47.70865 1.980465 0.820
9
84 0.8204240 0.7842030 0.7551077 52.63902 2.244506 0.277
6
[ reached 'max' / getOption("max.print") -- omitted 94 rows ]
> str(Mydata_no_na)
'data.frame': 170 obs. of 13 variables:
$ ccode : int 4 8 12 20 24 28 31 32 36 40 ...
$ cname : Factor w/ 194 levels "Afghanistan",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 7 9
10 ...
$ ccodealp : Factor w/ 194 levels "AFG","AGO","ALB",..: 1 3 50 4 2 8 1
1 6 9 10 ...
$ ccodecow : int 700 339 615 232 540 58 373 160 900 305 ...
$ ccodewb : int 4 8 12 20 24 28 31 32 36 40 ...
$ version : Factor w/ 1 level "QoGStdCSJan20": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ..
.
$ wdi_gdpgr : num 2.26 3.35 3.3 1.89 -2.58 ...
$ al_ethnic2000 : num 0.769 0.22 0.339 0.714 0.787 ...
$ al_language2000: num 0.6141 0.0399 0.4427 0.6848 0.787 ...
$ al_religion2000: num 0.27168 0.47185 0.00913 0.23257 0.62764 ...
$ bci_bci : num 63.6 53.1 55.6 20 70.7 ...
$ bci_bcistd : num 4 2.19 2.23 4.09 3.26 ...
$ egov_egov : num 0.259 0.652 0.423 0.686 0.338 ...
> summary(Mydata_no_na)
ccode cname ccodealp ccodecow c
codewb
Min. : 4.0 Afghanistan : 1 AFG : 1 Min. : 2.0 Min.
: 4.0
1st Qu.:197.8 Albania : 1 AGO : 1 1st Qu.:311.5 1st
Qu.:197.8
Median :420.0 Algeria : 1 ALB : 1 Median :456.5 Medi
an :420.0
Mean :423.0 Andorra : 1 AND : 1 Mean :478.2 Mean
:423.0
3rd Qu.:631.5 Angola : 1 ARE : 1 3rd Qu.:693.5 3rd
Qu.:631.5
Max. :894.0 Antigua and Barbuda: 1 ARG : 1 Max. :990.0 Max.
:894.0
(Other) :164 (Other):164
version wdi_gdpgr al_ethnic2000 al_language2000
QoGStdCSJan20:170 Min. :-8.816 Min. :0.0000 Min. :0.002113
1st Qu.: 1.622 1st Qu.:0.1906 1st Qu.:0.129493
Median : 3.080 Median :0.4503 Median :0.375826
Mean : 3.013 Mean :0.4422 Mean :0.396636
 3rd Qu.: 4.627 3rd Qu.:0.6671 3rd Qu.:0.633405
Max. :13.572 Max. :0.9302 Max. :0.922679

al_religion2000 bci_bci bci_bcistd egov_egov

Min. :0.003463 Min. : 7.486 Min. :1.579 Min. :0.1095
1st Qu.:0.232369 1st Qu.:37.013 1st Qu.:1.886 1st Qu.:0.3823
Median :0.484832 Median :49.780 Median :2.199 Median :0.5787
Mean :0.444901 Mean :46.505 Mean :2.498 Mean :0.5625
3rd Qu.:0.655671 3rd Qu.:58.589 3rd Qu.:2.516 3rd Qu.:0.7256
Max. :0.860260 Max. :74.890 Max. :8.973 Max. :0.9150
>
> #Defining Variables
> #wdi_gdpgr Dependent variable
> #al_ethnic2000 instrument variable
> #al_language2000 Instrument variable
> #al_religion2000 Instrument Variable
> #bci_bci Instrument Variable
> #bci_bcistd Instrument variable
> #egov_egov Instrument variable
> #Defining Variables
> #wdi_gdpgr Dependent variable
> #al_ethnic2000 instrument variable
> #al_language2000 Instrument variable
> #al_religion2000 Instrument Variable
> #bci_bci Instrument Variable
> #bci_bcistd Instrument variable
> #egov_egov Instrument variable
> #Ols Regression
> #Defining Variables
> #wdi_gdpgr Dependent variable
> #al_ethnic2000 instrument variable
> #al_language2000 Instrument variable
> #al_religion2000 Instrument Variable
> #bci_bci Instrument Variable
> #bci_bcistd Instrument variable
> #egov_egov Instrument variable
> #Ols Regression
#Defining Variables
> #wdi_gdpgr Dependent variable
> #al_ethnic2000 instrument variable
> #al_language2000 Instrument variable
> #al_religion2000 Instrument Variable
> #bci_bci Instrument Variable
> #bci_bcistd Instrument variable
> #egov_egov Instrument variable
> #Ols Regression
> #Defining Variables
> #wdi_gdpgr Dependent variable
> #al_ethnic2000 instrument variable
> #al_language2000 Instrument variable
> #al_religion2000 Instrument Variable
> #bci_bci Instrument Variable
> #bci_bcistd Instrument variable
> #egov_egov Instrument variable
> #Ols Regression
> library(AER)
> #Defining Variables
> #wdi_gdpgr Dependent variable
> #al_ethnic2000 instrument variable
> #al_language2000 Instrument variable
> #al_religion2000 Instrument Variable
> #bci_bci Instrument Variable
> #bci_bcistd Instrument variable
> #egov_egov Instrument variable
> #Ols Regression
> library(AER)
> library(sestemfit)
Error in library(sestemfit) : there is no package called ‘sestemfit’
> library(systemfit)
> print(Mydata_no_na)
ccode cname ccodealp ccodecow ccodewb version
wdi_gdpgr
1 4 Afghanistan AFG 700 4 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2603142
2 8 Albania ALB 339 8 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3499997
3 12 Algeria DZA 615 12 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3000000
4 20 Andorra AND 232 20 QoGStdCSJan20
1.8891244
5 24 Angola AGO 540 24 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.5800972
6 28 Antigua and Barbuda ATG 58 28 QoGStdCSJan20
5.5897408
7 31 Azerbaijan AZE 373 31 QoGStdCSJan20 -
3.0641999
8 32 Argentina ARG 160 32 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.0803277
9 36 Australia AUS 900 36 QoGStdCSJan20
2.8467550
10 40 Austria AUT 305 40 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0395751
11 44 Bahamas BHS 31 44 QoGStdCSJan20 -
1.6895498
12 48 Bahrain BHR 692 48 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4709237
13 50 Bangladesh BGD 771 50 QoGStdCSJan20
7.1134896
14 51 Armenia ARM 371 51 QoGStdCSJan20
0.2000000
15 52 Barbados BRB 53 52 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0071685
16 56 Belgium BEL 211 56 QoGStdCSJan20
1.4525522
17 64 Bhutan BTN 760 64 QoGStdCSJan20
8.0221014
18 68 Bolivia BOL 145 68 QoGStdCSJan20
4.2639194
19 70 Bosnia and Herzegovina BIH 346 70 QoGStdCSJan20
3.1456580
20 72 Botswana BWA 571 72 QoGStdCSJan20
4.3037734
21 76 Brazil BRA 140 76 QoGStdCSJan20 -
3.3054543
22 84 Belize BLZ 80 84 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.5880237
23 90 Solomon Islands SLB 940 90 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4566061
24 96 Brunei BRN 835 96 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.4655149
25 100 Bulgaria BGR 355 100 QoGStdCSJan20
3.9367580
26 104 Myanmar MMR 775 104 QoGStdCSJan20
5.8624730
27 108 Burundi BDI 516 108 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.6000200
28 112 Belarus BLR 370 112 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.5264463
29 116 Cambodia KHM 811 116 QoGStdCSJan20
7.0309668
30 120 Cameroon CMR 471 120 QoGStdCSJan20
4.6484814
31 124 Canada CAN 20 124 QoGStdCSJan20
1.1070994
33 140 Central African Republic CAF 482 140 QoGStdCSJan20
5.0062857
34 144 Sri Lanka LKA 780 144 QoGStdCSJan20
4.4866347
35 148 Chad TCD 483 148 QoGStdCSJan20 -
6.2555270
36 152 Chile CHL 155 152 QoGStdCSJan20
1.6705402
37 156 China CHN 710 156 QoGStdCSJan20
6.7366753
39 170 Colombia COL 100 170 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0873826
40 174 Comoros COM 581 174 QoGStdCSJan20
2.1881974
41 178 Congo COG 484 178 QoGStdCSJan20 -
2.8000188
42 180 Congo, Democratic Republic COD 490 180 QoGStdCSJan20
2.3993790
43 188 Costa Rica CRI 94 188 QoGStdCSJan20
4.2459898
44 191 Croatia HRV 344 191 QoGStdCSJan20
3.5361295
46 196 Cyprus (1975-) CYP 352 196 QoGStdCSJan20
4.8121877
47 203 Czech Republic CZE 316 203 QoGStdCSJan20
2.4505424
48 204 Benin BEN 434 204 QoGStdCSJan20
3.9648600
49 208 Denmark DNK 390 208 QoGStdCSJan20
2.3996720
51 214 Dominican Republic DOM 42 214 QoGStdCSJan20
6.6122084
52 218 Ecuador ECU 130 218 QoGStdCSJan20 -
1.2263840
54 226 Equatorial Guinea GNQ 411 226 QoGStdCSJan20 -
8.8164177
55 231 Ethiopia (1993-) ETH 530 231 QoGStdCSJan20
9.4334831
57 233 Estonia EST 366 233 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4890971
58 242 Fiji FJI 950 242 QoGStdCSJan20
2.6452897
59 246 Finland FIN 375 246 QoGStdCSJan20
2.7719254
60 250 France (1963-) FRA 220 250 QoGStdCSJan20
1.0954643
61 262 Djibouti DJI 522 262 QoGStdCSJan20
8.7222605
62 266 Gabon GAB 481 266 QoGStdCSJan20
2.0914421
63 268 Georgia GEO 372 268 QoGStdCSJan20
2.8466034
64 270 Gambia GMB 420 270 QoGStdCSJan20
0.4055966
65 276 Germany DEU 255 276 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2422352
66 288 Ghana GHA 452 288 QoGStdCSJan20
3.4477930
67 296 Kiribati KIR 946 296 QoGStdCSJan20
5.1297507
68 300 Greece GRC 350 300 QoGStdCSJan20 -
0.1909523
70 320 Guatemala GTM 90 320 QoGStdCSJan20
3.0924826
71 324 Guinea GIN 438 324 QoGStdCSJan20 1
0.8288069
72 328 Guyana GUY 110 328 QoGStdCSJan20
3.3161316
74 340 Honduras HND 91 340 QoGStdCSJan20
3.8929722
75 348 Hungary HUN 310 348 QoGStdCSJan20
2.2807977
76 352 Iceland ISL 395 352 QoGStdCSJan20
7.3514752
77 356 India IND 750 356 QoGStdCSJan20
8.1695261
78 360 Indonesia IDN 850 360 QoGStdCSJan20
5.0330691
79 364 Iran IRN 630 364 QoGStdCSJan20 1
3.3962440
80 368 Iraq IRQ 645 368 QoGStdCSJan20 1
3.5722189
81 372 Ireland IRL 205 372 QoGStdCSJan20
3.6778157
82 376 Israel ISR 666 376 QoGStdCSJan20
4.0078888
83 380 Italy ITA 325 380 QoGStdCSJan20
1.1189007
84 384 Cote d'Ivoire CIV 437 384 QoGStdCSJan20
7.9717512
al_ethnic2000 al_language2000 al_religion2000 bci_bci bci_bcistd egov_ego
v
1 0.7693446 0.6141462 0.2716839 63.56379 4.003445 0.258
5
2 0.2204260 0.0399248 0.4718516 53.08683 2.190391 0.651
9
3 0.3394000 0.4426619 0.0091285 55.64840 2.226610 0.422
7
4 0.7139460 0.6847850 0.2325685 19.97654 4.091641 0.685
7
5 0.7867200 0.7870192 0.6276435 70.68935 3.255071 0.337
6
6 0.1642560 0.1063281 0.6839913 26.94104 4.187762 0.590
6
7 0.2046720 0.2053919 0.4898947 48.87779 2.094134 0.657
4
8 0.2550000 0.0617542 0.2236207 61.39246 2.351225 0.733
5
9 0.0929020 0.3349497 0.8210855 16.89385 1.612753 0.905
3
10 0.1067762 0.1521866 0.4146217 26.11972 1.691130 0.830
1
11 0.4228452 0.1854935 0.6814594 24.14551 3.120098 0.655
2
12 0.5021300 0.4343625 0.5528251 26.08889 1.600711 0.811
6
13 0.0454340 0.0924852 0.2090498 62.36328 2.419203 0.486
2
14 0.1271540 0.1290535 0.4575609 49.13937 2.077063 0.594
4
15 0.1423420 0.0926369 0.6934029 34.88734 1.972020 0.722
9
16 0.5554000 0.5408844 0.2126811 21.76966 1.611526 0.808
0
17 0.6050000 0.6056015 0.3787035 31.85475 1.658412 0.427
4
18 0.7396250 0.2239819 0.2084686 64.15104 2.511665 0.530
7
19 0.6300380 0.6751031 0.6850857 54.33462 2.320384 0.530
3
20 0.4102480 0.4109727 0.5986193 37.37193 1.832551 0.425
3
21 0.5408360 0.0468443 0.6054302 60.97522 2.389339 0.732
7
22 0.7015400 0.6302864 0.5812932 58.06747 4.045541 0.411
5
23 0.1110220 0.5254309 0.6708081 48.43314 3.922083 0.281
6
24 0.5416000 0.3437908 0.4404053 29.01502 1.861891 0.692
3
25 0.4021141 0.3030913 0.5965012 53.74729 2.200746 0.717
7
26 0.5061860 0.5072459 0.1973855 65.80718 3.432124 0.332
8
27 0.2951440 0.2976615 0.5158263 65.31797 2.496946 0.298
5
28 0.3221840 0.4666067 0.6116207 43.18248 3.570889 0.764
1
29 0.2104640 0.2104394 0.0964534 57.59051 2.234566 0.375
3
30 0.8634900 0.8897894 0.7337534 64.93100 2.504108 0.399
7
31 0.7124200 0.5771839 0.6957678 20.45971 1.671830 0.825
8
33 0.8295100 0.8333871 0.7916332 67.95472 3.653582 0.158
4
34 0.4150000 0.4644557 0.4852962 48.75805 2.002006 0.575
1
35 0.8620160 0.8635251 0.6410788 74.09841 2.730655 0.125
7
36 0.1861460 0.1870761 0.3841057 30.32777 1.717360 0.735
0
37 0.1537903 0.1326977 0.6642963 44.21070 1.869628 0.681
1
39 0.6014000 0.0192682 0.1478351 59.44889 2.299077 0.687
1
40 0.0000000 0.0102913 0.0137451 59.94489 3.765834 0.233
6
41 0.8747260 0.6871037 0.6642361 65.85186 4.419212 0.302
4
42 0.8747260 0.8704723 0.7021410 65.29471 3.350153 0.261
2
43 0.2368000 0.0489116 0.2409582 44.67026 1.947819 0.700
4
44 0.3690260 0.0762839 0.4447331 50.50840 2.124704 0.701
8
46 0.0938540 0.3961601 0.3961601 38.26173 1.792591 0.773
6
47 0.3221640 0.3233430 0.6590906 49.09991 2.114435 0.708
4
48 0.7872160 0.7905251 0.5543994 62.45527 2.487601 0.326
4
49 0.0818600 0.1049465 0.2333039 11.87087 1.717843 0.915
0
51 0.4294000 0.0394729 0.3118443 64.24565 2.467956 0.572
6
52 0.6550000 0.1308116 0.1417125 56.14345 2.269148 0.612
9
54 0.3467000 0.3220486 0.1195111 72.88554 3.901659 0.229
8
55 0.7234720 0.8073233 0.6248680 50.57269 2.092829 0.346
3
57 0.5061700 0.4944277 0.4984568 24.77734 1.766542 0.848
6
58 0.5479420 0.5479090 0.5681994 36.89287 3.720554 0.534
8
59 0.1314973 0.1412075 0.2531044 8.42959 1.750302 0.881
5
60 0.1032168 0.1220981 0.4028581 25.62769 1.647875 0.879
0
61 0.7961660 0.6558025 0.0434568 49.46507 3.502905 0.240
1
62 0.7689600 0.7820833 0.6674408 55.22462 2.515613 0.431
3
63 0.4922740 0.4748520 0.6542991 29.72499 1.808945 0.689
3
64 0.7864020 0.8076314 0.0969684 43.24607 1.825122 0.295
8
65 0.1682020 0.1642306 0.6571196 23.63120 1.777794 0.876
5
66 0.6733320 0.6730879 0.7986752 55.81487 2.250799 0.539
0
67 0.0510540 0.0236725 0.5541115 39.91309 3.764675 0.345
0
68 0.1576301 0.0299515 0.1530306 49.58624 2.048355 0.783
3
70 0.5122000 0.4585927 0.3753242 58.07634 2.301661 0.497
4
71 0.7389420 0.7725216 0.2648523 68.84654 2.803771 0.234
8
72 0.6194980 0.0688036 0.7875918 58.61727 2.630760 0.431
6
74 0.1867000 0.0552890 0.2357165 57.50077 2.213683 0.447
4
75 0.1522000 0.0296652 0.5243750 51.04215 2.155741 0.726
5
76 0.0797960 0.0820409 0.1913265 16.27274 1.710539 0.831
6
77 0.4182000 0.8069049 0.3260226 42.57489 1.850470 0.566
9
78 0.7351340 0.7679988 0.2340266 48.56701 1.978908 0.525
8
79 0.6684000 0.7462229 0.1151954 53.16616 2.086202 0.608
3
80 0.3689100 0.3694473 0.4843678 58.73267 3.714540 0.337
6
81 0.1206350 0.0312421 0.1549789 14.64550 1.793002 0.828
7
82 0.3435937 0.5524736 0.3468543 30.21578 1.768308 0.799
8
83 0.1145190 0.1146823 0.3026566 47.70865 1.980465 0.820
9
84 0.8204240 0.7842030 0.7551077 52.63902 2.244506 0.277
6
[ reached 'max' / getOption("max.print") -- omitted 94 rows ]
> Y1<-cbind(wdi_gdpgr)
> Y2<-cbind(al_ethnic2000)
> X1<-cbind(al_language2000,al_religion2000)
> X2<-cbind(bci_bci,bci_bcistd)
> X2alat<-cbind(egov_egov)
> #Descriptive Statistics
> summary(Y1)
wdi_gdpgr
Min. :-8.816
1st Qu.: 1.622
Median : 3.080
Mean : 3.013
3rd Qu.: 4.627
Max. :13.572
> summary(Y2)
al_ethnic2000
Min. :0.0000
1st Qu.:0.1906
Median :0.4503
Mean :0.4422
3rd Qu.:0.6671
Max. :0.9302
> Summary(X1)
> summary(X1)
al_language2000 al_religion2000
Min. :0.002113 Min. :0.003463
1st Qu.:0.129493 1st Qu.:0.232369
Median :0.375826 Median :0.484832
Mean :0.396636 Mean :0.444901
3rd Qu.:0.633405 3rd Qu.:0.655671
Max. :0.922679 Max. :0.860260
> summary(X2)
bci_bci bci_bcistd
Min. : 7.486 Min. :1.579
1st Qu.:37.013 1st Qu.:1.886
Median :49.780 Median :2.199
Mean :46.505 Mean :2.498
3rd Qu.:58.589 3rd Qu.:2.516
Max. :74.890 Max. :8.973
> summary(X2alat)
egov_egov
Min. :0.1095
1st Qu.:0.3823
Median :0.5787
Mean :0.5625
3rd Qu.:0.7256
Max. :0.9150
> #ols Regression
> olsreg<-lm(Y1 ~ Y2+X1)
> summary(olsreg)
Call:
lm(formula = Y1 ~ Y2 + X1)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-12.4252 -1.3794 0.0014 1.7251 10.4905
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 3.5004 0.6063 5.773 3.74e-08 ***
Y2 -3.8837 1.3273 -2.926 0.00392 **
X1al_language2000 5.2171 1.2417 4.202 4.32e-05 ***
X1al_religion2000 -1.8857 1.0398 -1.814 0.07154 .
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 3.096 on 166 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.1021, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08583
F-statistic: 6.289 on 3 and 166 DF, p-value: 0.0004561
> #2sls Estimation
> iverg<-iverg(Y1 ~ Y2 + X1 | X1 + X2)
Error in iverg(Y1 ~ Y2 + X1 | X1 + X2) : could not find function "iverg"
> #2sls Estimation
> iverg<-ivreg(Y1 ~ Y2 + X1 | X1 + X2)
> summary(iverg)

Call:
ivreg(formula = Y1 ~ Y2 + X1 | X1 + X2)

Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-12.436508 -1.397932 0.005694 1.750424 10.476956
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 3.5443 0.9573 3.703 0.00029 ***
Y2 -4.1289 4.3480 -0.950 0.34369
X1al_language2000 5.3803 3.0218 1.781 0.07682 .
X1al_religion2000 -1.8861 1.0399 -1.814 0.07153 .
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 3.096 on 166 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-Squared: 0.1019, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08565
Wald test: 3.736 on 3 and 166 DF, p-value: 0.01241
> #2sls Estimation (details)
> olsreg1<- lm(Y2 ~ X1 + X2)
> summary(olsreg1)

Call:
lm(formula = Y2 ~ X1 + X2)

Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-0.51769 -0.09516 -0.00743 0.08221 0.59973
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 0.056247 0.049787 1.130 0.260
X1al_language2000 0.607294 0.050831 11.947 < 2e-16 ***
X1al_religion2000 0.020064 0.058817 0.341 0.733
X2bci_bci 0.003721 0.000907 4.102 6.42e-05 ***
X2bci_bcistd -0.014769 0.013794 -1.071 0.286
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 0.1729 on 165 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.5659, Adjusted R-squared: 0.5554
F-statistic: 53.78 on 4 and 165 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
> Y2hat<- fitted(olsreg1)
> olsreg2<-lm(Y1~Y2hat+X1)
> summary(olsger2)
> summary(olsreg2)
Call:
lm(formula = Y1 ~ Y2hat + X1)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-11.9365 -1.4752 0.1992 1.6270 10.8283
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 3.544 0.979 3.620 0.00039 ***
Y2hat -4.129 4.447 -0.929 0.35448
X1al_language2000 5.380 3.090 1.741 0.08354 .
X1al_religion2000 -1.886 1.063 -1.773 0.07799 .
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 3.167 on 166 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.06063, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04366
F-statistic: 3.572 on 3 and 166 DF, p-value: 0.01536

> #2sls Estimation overidentified case

> ivreg-o<- ivreg(Y1~Y2+X1|X1+X2alat)
> #2sls Estimation overidentified case
> ivreg_o <- ivreg(Y1~Y2+X1|X1+X2alat)
> summary(ivreg_o)

Call:
ivreg(formula = Y1 ~ Y2 + X1 | X1 + X2alat)

Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-12.0333 -1.4500 0.3794 1.7766 10.9571
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 1.9864 1.2555 1.582 0.116
Y2 4.5794 6.0949 0.751 0.454
X1al_language2000 -0.4137 4.1705 -0.099 0.921
X1al_religion2000 -1.8743 1.1601 -1.616 0.108
Residual standard error: 3.455 on 166 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-Squared: -0.1178, Adjusted R-squared: -0.138
Wald test: 2.948 on 3 and 166 DF, p-value: 0.03445