TALLER #2 29 AGOSTO

punto de equiibrio
monto de contribución

sales price $ 1.00

Fixed Costs $ 1,000
Variable Costs per Unit $ 0.60

Break event Total Fixes cost $ 1,000 2,500

Contribution margin per uni$ 0.40

Cantidades fixed costs Variable Total Cost Sales Ebit Marginal

Costs revenue Costs
0 $ 1,000.00 $ - $ 1,000.00 $ - -$ 1,000.00 0
5000 $ 1,000.00 $ 3,000.00 $ 4,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 1,000.00 $ 0.60
10000 $ 1,000.00 $ 6,000.00 $ 7,000.00 $10,000.00 $ 3,000.00 $ 0.60
15000 $ 1,000.00 $ 9,000.00 $10,000.00 $15,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 0.60
20000 $ 1,000.00 $ 12,000.00 $13,000.00 $20,000.00 $ 7,000.00 $ 0.60
25000 $ 1,000.00 $ 15,000.00 $16,000.00 $25,000.00 $ 9,000.00 $ 0.60
30000 $ 1,000.00 $ 18,000.00 $19,000.00 $30,000.00 $11,000.00 $ 0.60
 MINI COOKBOOKS
$35,000.00

$30,000.00

$25,000.00

$20,000.00
VALORES

Total Cost
$15,000.00 Sales revenue

$10,000.00
Marginal
Revenue $5,000.00
0 $-
$ 1.00 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000
$ 1.00 CANTIDADES
$ 1.00
$ 1.00
$ 1.00
$ 1.00
 Sales per unit $ 1.00

Fixed Costs
Wagon (annual rental) $ 8,000
City License (annual fee) $ 4,000
Total $ 12,000

Variable Costs per Unit

One paper bag $ 0.020
Oil $ 0.005
Salt $ 0.003
Popcorn $ 0.012
Total $ 0.040

Break event Total Fixes cost $ 12,000 $ 12,500.00

Contribution margin per unit $ 0.96

Cantidades fixed costs Variable Costs Total Cost Sales revenue Ebit

0 $ 12,000.00 $ - $12,000.00 $ - -$12,000.00

5000 $ 12,000.00 $ 200.00 $12,200.00 $ 5,000.00 -$ 7,200.00
10000 $ 12,000.00 $ 400.00 $12,400.00 $ 10,000.00 -$ 2,400.00
15000 $ 12,000.00 $ 600.00 $12,600.00 $ 15,000.00 $ 2,400.00
20000 $ 12,000.00 $ 800.00 $12,800.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 7,200.00
25000 $ 12,000.00 $ 1,000.00 $13,000.00 $ 25,000.00 $12,000.00
30000 $ 12,000.00 $ 1,200.00 $13,200.00 $ 30,000.00 $16,800.00
 JASONS´S POPCORN BUSINESS
$35,000.00

$30,000.00

$25,000.00

$20,000.00 fixed costs

VALORES
Variable Costs
$15,000.00 Sales revenue
$10,000.00 Linear (Sales revenu

$5,000.00

$-
0 00 00 00 00 00 00
50 100 150 200 250 300

CANTIDADES

Marginal Marginal
Costs Revenue
0 0
$ 0.04 $ 1.00
$ 0.04 $ 1.00
$ 0.04 $ 1.00
$ 0.04 $ 1.00
$ 0.04 $ 1.00
$ 0.04 $ 1.00
BUSINESS

fixed costs
Variable Costs
Sales revenue
Linear (Sales revenue)
 PERIOD 1 PERIOD 2 PERCENT CHANGE
SALES $ 10,000 $ 11,000 10%
FIXED COSTS -$ 5,000 -$ 5,000
OPERATING INCOME (EBIT) $ 5,000 $ 6,000 20%

Para medir el apalancamiento operativo

Dol= % change in EBIT 20% 2 por cada aumento o disminucio

% Change in sales 10%

Si el DOL es mayor que 1 es porque hay apalancamiento operativo

or cada aumento o disminucion porcentual en las ventas, la utilidad operativa se aumenta dos veces mas
 Jasons Carey
Cantidades Total Revenue Total Cost Ebit Total Revenue Total Cost Ebit
0 $ - $12,000.00 -$12,000.00 $ - $ 1,000.00 -$ 1,000.00
5000 $ 5,000.00 $12,200.00 -$ 7,200.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 4,000.00 $ 1,000.00
10000 $ 10,000.00 $12,400.00 -$ 2,400.00 $ 10,000.00 $ 7,000.00 $ 3,000.00
15000 $ 15,000.00 $12,600.00 $ 2,400.00 $ 15,000.00 $10,000.00 $ 5,000.00
20000 $ 20,000.00 $12,800.00 $ 7,200.00 $ 20,000.00 $13,000.00 $ 7,000.00
25000 $ 25,000.00 $13,000.00 $12,000.00 $ 25,000.00 $16,000.00 $ 9,000.00
30000 $ 30,000.00 $13,200.00 $16,800.00 $ 30,000.00 $19,000.00 $11,000.00
416.666667
 PERIOD 1 PERIOD 2 PERCENT CHANGE
SALES $ 10,000 $ 8,000 -20%
FIXED COSTS -$ 5,000 -$ 5,000
OPERATING INCOME (EBIT) $ 5,000 $ 3,000 -40% -40%

Para medir el apalancamiento operativo

Dol= % change in EBIT -40% 2 por cada aumento o disminucio

% Change in sales -20%

Si el DOL es mayor que 1 es porque hay apalancamiento operativo

Los costos fijos son los que determinan el grado de apalancamiento - más costos fijos se debe aumentar más las ventas
or cada aumento o disminucion porcentual en las ventas, la utilidad operativa se aumenta dos veces mas

mentar más las ventas

 PERIOD 1
SALES $ 10,000.00
FIXED COSTS -$ 5,000.00
OPERATING INCOME (EBIT) $ 5,000.00

Jason´s Porp Corn

BASE YEAR
SALES $ 30,000.00
-VC (variable Costs) -$ 1,200.00
-FC (Fixed Costs) -$ 12,000.00
EBIT $ 16,800.00

BASE YEAR
SALES $ 30,000.00
-VC -$ 1,200.00
-FC -$ 12,000.00
EBIT $ 16,800.00
Interest -800
EBT $ 16,000.00
-TAX (15%) -2400
NET INCOME $ 13,600.00
 PERCENT
PERIOD 2 CHANGE
$ 8,000.00 -20%
-$ 5,000.00
$ 3,000.00 -40%

YEAR 2 Crec %
$ 40,000.00 33% Dol= % change in EBIT
-$ 1,600.00 % Change in sales
-$ 12,000.00
$ 26,400.00 57%

DOL (Degree of
YEAR 2 operating leverage) Dol= % change in EBIT
$ 20,000.00 -33% % Change in sales
-$ 800.00
-$ 12,000.00 DFL (Degree of Financial Leverage)
$ 7,200.00 -57% Por cada cambio % en la utilidad operativa habrá u
-800 DFL % change in Net income
$ 6,400.00 % Change in Ebit
-960
$ 5,440.00 -60% Combined Leverage
Apalacamiento combinado
Por cada cambio porcentual en las ventas, habra u
 57% 1.71
33%

-57% 1.71
-33%

dad operativa habrá un cambio mayor en la utilidad neta por la presencia de costos financieros
-60% 1.05
-57%

1.8
en las ventas, habra un cambio porcentual en la utilidad neta
LBO´S (leveraged)
Las compraventas apalancadas de una empresa