GEF Greenhouse Gas Calculator 0

Final version December
2012
Biofuel GreenHouse Gas Calculator
Directory About Background data Lookup table Diagrams References
!! This calculator contains macros. Before you start working with the calculator, make sure that the macros are activated !!
About this calculator

This greenhouse gas calculator was developed in the course of the GEF funded targeted research project "Global Assessments and Guidelines for Liquid Biofuels Production in Developing Countries". The tool has
three main purposes:
1. Increasing awareness on GHG emissions for biofuel pathways relevant for countries eligible for GEF funding: The tool provides GHG emission results for 74 biofuel settings covering different
feedstock, biofuels, countries as well as cultivation and production conditions. The results can be used in the biofuel project preparation phase (i.e. PIF submission) to gain an overview on the impact of that
project in terms of GHG savings. The results can also be used indicatively for estimating the impacts of biofuel projects that are carried out in similar settings to those covered by the tool.
2. Making GHG results transparent and replicable: For users with a deeper interest in greenhouse gas balancing, the tool provides transparency with respect to the 74 included greenhouse gas calculations.
It lists all relevant input data for each life cycle step, emission and conversion factors as well as displaying the actual emission calculation. Thus results become replicable and the calculation methodology can be
applied to pathways not yet included in the tool.
3. Customise GHG calculations: The user can customise the pre-defined settings to meet his/her needs by using own input data (e.g. different yields). For this every calculation sheet (covering a certain
feedstock / biofuel combination) contains a so-called ‘User-defined’ column where own input data can be entered.
How is the calculator structured?

Besides this 'About' sheet, the calculator contains the following sheets:
Directory Lists all pathways and settings and includes links to each pathway
Background data This sheet lists all conversion data necessary for the calculation of the settings. Included are the GHG emission coefficients, which are the main greenhouse gase emissions
associated with 1 kilogram or 1 MJ input, as well as other useful figures such as Lower Heating Values (LHV), fuel efficiencies, etc.
Lookup table Summarises the GHG emissions and savings results of all 74 biofuels in a condensed way
Diagrams Contains ready-to-use diagrams for all results (linked to calculation sheets and automatically updated); results are given for two functional units: per MJ fuel and per hectare
Land use change Allows user to calculate the GHG emissions that arise from direct land use changes; the results must then be entered manually in the pathway calculation sheets
References Lists all data sources used for this calculator (both for the input data in the pathway scenarios and for the background data)
Pathway calculation These sheets show the default GHG calculations for all biofuel settings. Each sheet covers one pathway (a feedstock/biofuel combination, e.g. sugarcane ethanol) and several pre-
sheets defined settings (covering different countries and production conditions). The sheets show the input data and the GHG emission results for each setting. The list of pathways and
settings can be found in the 'Directory' sheet.
Own calculations can be made in the 'User-defined' column (see next section for instructions).
How can I use the calculator?

1. Using results from pre- The calculator generates ready-to-use GHG emission results as well as providing all relevant input data for 74 biofuel settings. The settings cover different feedstocks and first and
defined settings second generation biofuels that are produced in different countries under different conditions. The sheets are sorted by feedstock/biofuel combinations (for a complete list, see the
'Directory' sheet) each covering one to 16 settings. The calculation of greenhouse gas emissions is made transparent by listing all input data along the whole pathway as well as all
formulas used for converting input data into greenhouse gas emissions. Relevant emission and conversion factors are listed in the sheet 'Background data'.
The sheets are structured as follows:
At the top, the covered settings are listed and characterised by key parameters (production country, production conditions, reference year).
Section 'Overview results': This section provides a summary of the results for each setting following the 'well-to-wheel' approach. In the first part, emission results are provided
separately for each life cycle step. The second part gives the aggregated emission results per MJ fuel. The third part lists the fossil fuel comparator and overall GHG emission savings
referring to different functional units.
Section 'Input data per step': All input data along the pathway are presented stepwise. For each life cycle step the following information is given: yields of main products and co-
products, energy inputs (e.g. steam or electricity) and other material inputs (e.g. fertiliser, chemicals, etc.). For the pre-defined settings, this data is fixed, i.e. entries cannot be
changed. One exception are indirect land use changes, which can be included or excluded in the default settings. Own input data can be entered in the 'User defined' column.
Section 'Calculation of GHG emissions': The actual calculation of the GHG emissions is done in the lower section of each sheet - again stepwise. This part reveals the calculation
methodology and the formulas. The calculations use values from the previous 'Input data' section as well as relevant emission and conversion factors from the 'Background data'
sheet. This calculation section is fixed so no changes can be made. The same applies for the 'User defined' column. All formulas can be displayed by clicking on the respective cells.
2. Making own Each sheet contains a 'User defined' column to the right of the pre-calculated settings. Here, you can calculate individual results based on your own input data.
calculations
NOTE THE FOLLOWING
- Changes can only be made in the section 'Input data per step'; all other sections are blocked and cannot be changed.
- If you want to make only small changes to a given setting (e.g. one specific parameter), you can start by copying the data from that setting into the 'User defined' column. For this
purpose, click the 'Copy' button at the top of the respctive setting. Note that after copying the settings, some electricity mixes have to be adapted manually.
- In some cells, the possibility of entering data is restricted (e.g. the type of grid electricity mix); the options are given in drop-down menus. All cells with drop-down menus are
framed with a bold line:
- Wherever settings may be modified beyond the pre-defined parameters, the respective data row includes the comment !!ADDITIONAL OPTION!! For example, own fuel
consumption values can be used if available.
- Input data should only be entered in the specified metric units, otherwise the conversion into GHG emissions will not work correctly.
- If, within a life cyce step, values are changed manually it may become necessary to adapt other values. For example, if crop yields are changed, fertiliser inputs should be adapted
accordingly.
- Where relevant, additional guidance is given in the sheets (please look for comments in the cells).
How are emissions from land use changes calculated?
The calculator offers the possibility to include GHG emissions from direct and indirect land use changes. Emissions from direct land use changes are calculated on an extra sheet ('Land use change'). The user is
guided through that sheet with a questionnaire. After specifying all land use settings before and after conversion, the resulting emissions have to be transferred manually to the pathway calculation sheets.
Regarding indirect land use changes, a clear and straightforward quantification of emissions is not possible. There is a worldwide debate on the extent of such GHG emissions and on how to deal with this issue
in greenhouse gas calculations. Many studies focus on the quantification of indirect land use change effects, mainly using two approaches: global agro-economic equilibrium models are used that predict market
responses and related changes in land allocation to an additional biofuel demand. Others use a simpler causal-descriptive approach. Regardless of the approach used, very different results are obtained from the
studies. Among the many studies, however, only Fritsche et al., 2010 made an attempt to develop a concept on how to include indirect land use changes into regulatory policies for biofuels. He used a
deterministic approach to derive an ‘iLUC factor’ which is also used in this calculator. The factor is the same for all feedstocks, namely 3.4 t CO2eq per ha for 2010 and 3.6 t CO2eq per ha for 2020 and 2030.
What are the limitations of this calculator?

Note that the GHG balances calculated within the tool – and thus all ready-to-use results – are valid only for the pre-defined settings. Furthermore, results do not represent averages for the given countries but are
to be seen as case study results that are only valid under the specific circumstances listed in each setting. Thus, the results cannot be applied to other scenarios. The outcome of a certain setting may however
serve an indicative purpose (in terms of a broad approximation), for example in a specific cultivation project, if the feedstocks and biofuels production conditions are similar. For a given feedstock / biofuel
combination, results can be adjusted by using own input data and selecting country-specific electricity and fuel mixes. However, if there is a need for new feedstock and / or biofuel pathways, new calculation
sheets must be set up in the tool.
In order to keep the tool simple and thus make it applicable to the widest possible group of users, customising possibilities are limited. Own input data can be entered, whereas the conversion into greenhouse gas
emissions is done automatically. The calculation formulas are locked and cannot be changed by the user.
However, a skilled user may use the tool to make more specific calculations. For example, a description is provided in the next section on how to make the results RED-conform, i.e. to prove compliance with the
GHG reduction thresholds stipulated in the RED. Furthermore, the information on material and energy inputs could be taken as a basis for own calculations with a different focus. For example, references
regarding co-product allocation could be changed or the substitution method could be added.
How can I generate results that are in line with the EU RED rules?
The GEF tool is not intended to perform RED-compliant calculations, i.e. in its standard configuration it is not suitable for proving whether a certain biofuel will meet the RED's GHG reduction requirements.
However, in the 'User-defined' column such a calculation can be performed. One main principle of RED-compliant calculation is already included in the tool: co-product allocation is based on the lower heating
values of the products. Furthermore, the default fossil fuel comparator used here is the same as in the RED. To make results even more in line with RED rules, further important changes are listed below. Note
that RED-compliance can only indicatively be checked but not proven with this calculation tool. Proof is only possible via a third party certification scheme approved by the European Commission.
1. Adapt co-products that can be taken into account for allocation: In this tool, all co-products are allocated whereas the RED excludes certain co-products from allocation: agricultural crop residues
(including straw, bagasse, husks, cobs and nut shells) and process residues (including crude glycerine) shall not be taken into account for allocation (Annex V C(18)). A special allocation rule for refineries may
apply to some co-products (for definitions, see Annex II in the RED). To check RED conformity, the amounts of co-products to which these definitions apply must be set to 'zero'.
2. Land use change: The RED only requires GHG emissions from direct land use changes to be taken into account. Regarding indirect land use changes, no consensus has been found on which method should
be applied. Therefore, emissions from indirect land use changes should be excluded by choosing ‘No’ for 'Indirect land use changes'.
3. Straw: In the RED approach, agricultural residues that are used for biofuel production are counted with 'zero' life cycle emissions. In the pre-defined rice and wheat straw settings, however, fertilisers are
included, as they compensate for the nutrient losses resulting from the straw's removal. Change these inputs to 'zero' in order to check RED-conformity.
Abbreviations and definitions

BtL Biomass-to-Liquid; synthetic liquid biofuel derived via biomass gasification
CO2eq GHG emissions caused by CO2, CH4, and N2O, expressed as CO2-equivalent emissions using the global warming potentials of CH4 and N2O as listed in the sheet 'Background data'.
CPO Crude palm oil
EFB Empty fruit bunches
EtOH1 First generation ethanol from sugar or starch containing crops
EtOH2 Second generation ethanol from lignocellulosic crops
FAME Fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel)
FFB Fresh fruit bunches
GHG Greenhouse gases; here carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) are taken into account
ha Hectare
kg Kilogram
km Kilometer
kWh Kilowatt hour
l Liter; alternative symbol: L; equals 1 dm³
MJ Mega joule
POME Palm oil mill effluent
SVO Straight vegetable oil
t tonne; metric ton, equals 1000 kg; SI unit: Mg
tkm tonne-kilometer; the service of moving one tonne of payload a distance of one kilometer
Final version December 2012 Biofuel Gree
Directory About Bac
Directory of pathways
1 Straight vegetable oil from soybeans (Soybean-SVO) Setting 1 Argentina

2 Biodiesel from soybeans (Soybean-FAME) Setting 2 Argentina
Setting 3 Argentina
Setting 4 Argentina
Setting 5 Argentina
Setting 6 Argentina
Setting 7 Argentina
3 First generation ethanol from sugarcane (Sugarcane-EtOH1) Setting 8 Brazil
Setting 9 Brazil
Setting 11 Mozambique
Setting 13 Brazil
Setting 14 Brazil
4 First and second generation from sugarcane (Sugarcane-EtOH1&2) Setting 10 Brazil
Setting 15 Brazil
6 Straight vegetable oil from palm oil (Oil palm-SVO) Setting 18 Indonesia
5 Biodiesel from palm oil (Oil palm-FAME) Setting 19 Indonesia
Setting 20 Indonesia
Setting 21 Colombia
Setting 22 Malaysia
Setting 23 Indonesia
Setting 24 Malaysia
7 Straight vegetable oil from jatropha (Jatropha-SVO) Setting 25 Tanzania
8 Biodiesel from jatropha (Jatropha-FAME) Setting 26 Tanzania
Setting 27 Tanzania
Setting 28 Tanzania
Setting 29 Tanzania
Setting 30 Mali
Setting 31 Mali
Setting 32 India
Setting 33 India
Setting 34 Tanzania
Setting 35 Tanzania
Setting 36 Tanzania
Setting 37 Tanzania
Setting 38 Mali
Setting 39 Mali
Setting 40 India
Setting 41 India
9 First generation ethanol from cassava (Cassava-EtOH1) Setting 42 Mozambique
Setting 44 Tanzania
Setting 45 Tanzania
Setting 46 Thailand
Setting 47 Thailand
Setting 51 Tanzania
Setting 52 Tanzania
Setting 53 Tanzania
Setting 54 Thailand
Setting 55 Thailand
Setting 56 Thailand
10 Second generation ethanol from eucalyptus (SRC Eucalyptus-EtOH2) Setting 57 Mozambique
Setting 58 Brazil
Setting 59 Brazil
Setting 61 Brazil
Setting 62 Brazil
11 Biomass-to-Liquid from poplar (SRC Poplar-BtL) Setting 63 Ukraine
Setting 64 Ukraine
Setting 65 Ukraine
Setting 66 Ukraine
12 Second generation ethanol from switchgrass (Switchgrass-EtOH2) Setting 67 Argentina
Setting 69 Argentina
13 Biomass-to-Liquid from switchgrass (Switchgrass-BtL) Setting 68 Argentina
Setting 70 Argentina
14 Second generation ethanol from rice straw (Rice straw-EtOH2) Setting 71 China
Setting 73 China
15 Second generation ethanol from wheat straw (Wheat straw-EtOH2) Setting 72 Ukraine
Setting 74 Ukraine
About
Background data
Lookup table
Diagrams
Land use change
References
ofuel GreenHouse Gas Calculator
About Background data Lookup table Diagrams References
Smallholders Low mechanisation No tillage

Smallholders Low mechanisation No tillage
Plantation High rate of mechanisation Tillage
Plantation High rate of mechanisation No tillage
Plantation High inputs (irrigation) No tillage
Plantation High rate of mechanisation Tillage
Plantation High rate of mechanisation No tillage
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Mechanised harvesting, intermediate inputs No irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Manual harvesting, high inputs Irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Intermediate inputs No irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) High inputs Irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Mechanised harvesting, intermediate inputs No irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Highly mechanised harvesting, high inputs Irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Intermediate inputs No irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) High inputs Irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Mechanised harvesting Irrigation
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Highly mechanised harvesting, high inputs Irrigation
Snallholders Intermediate inputs
Smallholders Intermediate inputs
Plantation High inputs
Smallholders Intermediate inputs
Smallholders, low input Marginal land No irrigation
Plantation, high inputs, mechanised Good land No irrigation
Plantation, intermediate input, manual Marginal land No irrigation
low input Marginal land No irrigation
Smallholder, intermediate input Marginal land
low input
Smallholder, intermediate input
low input
Plantation, high inputs, mechanised Good land No irrigaton
Plantation, intermediate input, manual Marginal land No irrigaton
low input Marginal land
Smallholder, intermediate input Marginal land
low input
low input
Smallholders Low input
Smallholders Intermediate input
Plantation High input
Plantation Less suitable land
Plantation Suitable land
ferences
2010
2010
2010
2010
2020
2020
2020
Surplus bagasse into electricity 2010
Surplus bagasse into EtOH2 2020
Surplus bagasse into EtOH2 2030
No POME use 2010
No POME use 2010
No POME use 2010
No POME use 2010
No POME use 2010
POME use 2020
POME use 2020
Husks and seedcake as fertiliser 2010
Seedcake as fertiliser, husks as f 2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2020
2020
2020
2020
2020
2020
2020
2020
2020
2020
2020
2020
2030
2030
2030
2020
2020
2030
2030
2020
2030
2020
2030
2020
2030
2020
2030
Final version December 2012 Biofuel Gre
Directory About B
Lookup table
Linked to pathway calculation sheets
g CO2eq per MJfuel

Pathway N° Land use
Cultivation Processing Transports
change
Soybean SVO 1 0.0 7.1 9.8 3.0
2 0.0 6.6 18.6 2.8
3 0.0 5.9 18.6 1.3
4 0.0 7.4 18.6 1.6
Soybean FAME
5 0.0 5.8 18.4 1.3
6 0.0 5.8 18.4 1.3
7 0.0 7.3 18.4 1.6
8 0.0 7.3 0.5 3.0
9 0.0 6.5 0.5 3.0
11 0.0 9.2 0.6 3.5
12 0.0 9.3 0.6 3.5
Sugarcane EtOH1
13 0.0 7.2 0.5 3.0
14 0.0 7.2 0.5 3.0
16 0.0 7.5 0.5 3.0
17 0.0 7.2 0.5 3.0
Sugarcane EtOH1 & 10 0.0 7.6 1.7 3.1
EtOH2 15 0.0 7.5 1.7 3.1
Oil palm SVO 18 0.0 11.3 32.7 1.1
19 0.0 10.9 41.7 3.4
20 0.0 13.8 41.7 3.4
21 0.0 10.4 39.5 3.3
Oil palm FAME
22 0.0 12.2 38.2 3.1
23 0.0 10.7 11.7 2.9
24 0.0 10.7 11.5 2.9
Jatropha SVO 25 0.0 0.0 9.3 17.2
26 0.0 27.8 9.9 7.5
27 0.0 14.3 9.9 7.5
28 0.0 0.0 17.6 15.7
29 0.0 4.7 17.6 15.7
30 0.0 0.0 19.5 15.7
31 0.0 4.7 19.5 15.7
32 0.0 0.0 21.2 15.7
33 0.0 4.7 21.2 15.7
Jatropha FAME
34 0.0 15.3 9.9 4.3
35 0.0 7.3 9.9 4.3
36 0.0 0.0 17.6 15.7
37 0.0 4.6 17.6 15.7
38 0.0 0.0 19.5 15.7
39 0.0 4.6 19.5 15.7
40 0.0 0.0 21.2 15.7
41 0.0 4.6 21.2 15.7
42 0.0 19.0 49.5 4.5
43 0.0 23.5 49.5 4.5
44 0.0 22.3 49.5 4.5
45 0.0 22.2 49.5 4.5
46 0.0 16.8 49.5 2.8
47 0.0 26.8 49.5 2.8
48 0.0 22.0 49.5 4.5
Cassava EtOH1 49 0.0 21.9 49.5 4.5
50 0.0 28.9 49.5 3.9
51 0.0 14.0 49.5 4.5
52 0.0 21.3 49.5 4.5
53 0.0 28.4 49.5 3.9
54 0.0 16.1 49.5 2.8
55 0.0 26.2 49.5 2.8
56 0.0 28.2 49.5 3.9
57 0.0 24.6 8.5 4.3
58 0.0 24.0 8.5 4.9
59 0.0 23.5 8.5 4.9
SRC Eucalyptus EtOH2
60 0.0 23.9 8.5 4.3
61 0.0 23.6 8.5 4.9
62 0.0 23.1 8.5 4.9
63 0.0 16.4 0.2 1.7
64 0.0 7.0 0.2 1.7
SRC Poplar BtL
65 0.0 16.4 0.2 1.7
66 0.0 7.0 0.2 1.7
67 0.0 8.2 8.5 2.0
Switchgrass EtOH2
69 0.0 8.1 8.5 2.0
68 0.0 9.1 0.2 2.0
Switchgrass BtL
70 0.0 9.0 0.2 2.0
71 0.0 12.3 8.5 2.2
Rice straw EtOH2
73 0.0 12.1 8.5 2.2
72 0.0 11.7 8.5 1.6
Wheat straw EtOH2
74 0.0 11.5 8.5 1.6
About Background data Lookup table Diagrams References
r MJfuel kg CO2eq per ha

Fossil fuel Overall GHG Overall GHG
comparator savings savings
83.8 63.9 1,113
83.8 55.8 933
83.8 58.0 1,248
83.8 56.3 1,513
83.8 58.3 1,380
83.8 58.3 1,380
83.8 56.5 1,672
83.8 73.0 8,457
83.8 73.8 12,824
83.8 70.5 10,339
83.8 70.4 13,583
83.8 73.2 8,894
83.8 73.1 13,330
83.8 72.7 8,422
83.8 73.1 14,809
83.8 71.4 14,577
83.8 71.5 15,332
83.8 38.7 4,543
83.8 27.8 3,117
83.8 24.9 2,964
83.8 30.7 4,034
83.8 30.2 4,190
83.8 58.5 8,687
83.8 58.7 8,713
83.8 57.3 440
83.8 38.7 811
83.8 52.1 925
83.8 50.5 387
83.8 45.8 629
83.8 48.5 337
83.8 43.9 461
83.8 46.9 530
83.8 42.3 717
83.8 54.3 1,311
83.8 62.3 1,272
83.8 50.5 445
83.8 45.9 725
83.8 48.5 387
83.8 44.0 531
83.8 46.9 610
83.8 42.4 826
83.8 10.8 137
83.8 6.3 120
83.8 7.5 142
83.8 7.6 288
83.8 14.7 935
83.8 4.7 329
83.8 7.8 149
83.8 7.9 301
83.8 1.5 74
83.8 15.8 1,002
83.8 8.5 592
83.8 2.0 175
83.8 15.4 1,560
83.8 5.3 570
83.8 2.2 308
83.8 46.4 2,482
83.8 46.4 3,653
83.8 46.9 8,126
83.8 47.1 3,856
83.8 46.8 4,416
83.8 47.3 8,927
83.8 65.6 3,143
83.8 74.9 8,379
83.8 65.6 3,143
83.8 74.9 8,379
83.8 65.1 2,562
83.8 65.2 2,566
83.8 72.5 2,694
83.8 72.6 2,698
83.8 60.7 406
83.8 60.9 408
83.8 62.1 415
83.8 62.2 416
ator
References
Final version December 2012 Biofuel GreenH
Directory About Background
References
Biograce list of standard values
CJP 2011
COM(2012)595
de Vries et al. 2010

Ecofys 2007
FAO 2011
Fehrenbach et al. 2007
Fermont et al. 2009
Foelkel & de Assis 1995
Franke et al. 2010

Gheewala 2011
Herreras 2011
Howeler 2002
Howeler 2003
IFEU 2007
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011c
IFEU/UU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
INTA 2011
IPCC 2006
IPCC 2007
IPNI 2011
Jelsma et al. 2009

Kompost e.v. 2011
Macedo 2004
Macedo 2005
Macedo 2008
Mongabay 2011
MPOB 2011
Nazir & Setyaningsih 2010
Nguyen et al. 2008
Nguyen et al. 2007
Office of Agricultural Economics of
Thailand 2009
Pastowksi et al. 2007
Reinhardt et al. 2006
Rettenmaier et al. 2010
SEC Biomass 2011

Silalertruksa & Gheewala 2010
Smeets & Faaij 2010
Tan et al. 2007
van Dam et al. 2009a
van Dam et al. 2009b

van Dam et al. 2000
van der Hilst & Faaij n.y.p.
van Eijck et al. n.y.p.
Wahl et al. 2009
Whitaker & Heath 2009
Wicke et al. 2008
12 Biofuel GreenHouse Gas Cal
Directory About Background data Lookup table Diag
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Jelsma I., Giller K., Fairhurst T. (2009) Smallholder Oil Palm Production Systems in Indonesia: Lessons from the NESP Ophir P
Wageningen University, Wageningen, October 2009
Kompost e.V. (2011) Doppelt gewinnen mit Kompost und Stroh. Online available at: http://www.kompost.de/uploads/media/d
(27.06.2011)
Macedo I. de C., Leal M.R.L.V., da Silva J.E.A.R. (2004) Assessment of greenhouse gas emissions in the production and use o
Paulo, April 2004
Macedo I. de C. (2005) Sugar cane's energy - Twelve studies on Brazilian sugar cane agribusiness and its sustainability. UNIC
Macedo I. de C., Seabra J.E.A., Silva J.E.A.R. (2008) Green house gases emissions in the production and use of ethanol from
prediction for 2020. Biomass and Bioenergy 32, 582-595
Mongabay (2011) Cassava yields in Tanzania. Online available at: http://data.mongabay.com/commodities/category/1-Produc
United+Republic+of+Tanzania (27.6.2011)
Malaysian Palm Oil Board (2011) Oil palm and palm oil yields 2008/2009. Online available at: http://econ.mpob.gov.my/econo
Nazir N.and Setyaningsih D. (2010) Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil and Jatropha Oil in Indonesia
2010, Jakarta, Indonesia
Nguyen T.L.T, Gheewala S.H., Bonnet S. (2008) Life cycle cost analysis of fuel ethanol produced from cassava in Thailand. Int
Nguyen T.L.T, Gheewala S.H., Garivait S. (2007) Energy balance and GHG-abatement cost of cassava utilization for fuel ethan
Office of Agricultural Economics (OAE) (2009) Agricultural Statistics of Thailand 2009. Online available at: www.oae.go.th
Pastowski A. (Projektleitung, Wuppertal Institut) and 12 further authors (from ifeu: Reinhardt G., Gärtner S., Münch J., Retten
energetischen Nutzung von importierten Biokraftstoffen am Beispiel von Palmöl. (Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessm
Case of Palm Oil). In cooperation with Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie (D) (Coordinator), Wilhelm Merton Zentru
Wirtschaftsförderung, J.W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt (D), Koordination der juristischen Bearbeitungsstelle Forschungsstell
commissioned by German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, 2007
Reinhardt G.A., Gärtner S., Patyk A., Rettenmaier N. (2006) Ökobilanzen zu BTL: Eine ökologische Gesamteinschätzung (LCA
assessment). Study under support of the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (project executing org
Reinhardt G., Detzel A., Gärtner S., Rettenmaier N., Krüger M. (2007) Nachwachsende Rohstoffe für die chemische Industrie:
Resources for the Chemical Industry: Options and Potentials for the Future). Subcontractors: Institute for Energy and Environ
University of British Columbia, Vancouver; supported by The German Chemical Industry Association (Fachvereinigung Organis
Reinhardt, G., Becker K., Chaudary D.R., Chikara J., von Falkenstein E., Francis G., Gärtner S., Gandhi M.R., Ghosh A., Ghosh
Rettenmaier N., Upadhyay S.C. (2008) Basic Data for Jatropha Production and Use. Updated version. Institute for Environmen
Chemicals Research Institute (CSMCRI), University of Hohenheim. Heidelberg, Bhavnagar and Hohenheim, 2008
Rettenmaier N., Köppen S., Gärtner S., Reinhardt G.: 4F Crops - Future Crops for Food, Feed, Fiber and Fuel. Life Cycle analys
2010
SEC Biomass (2011) Targeted research project global assessment and guidelines for sustainable liquid biofuels production. Re
Silalertruksa, T., Gheewala, S.H. (2010) Security of feedstocks supply for future bio-ethanol production in Thailand. Energy Po
Smeets E.M.W. and Faaij A.P.C. (2010) The impact of sustainability criteria on the cost and potentials of bioenergy production
and Energy, 34, 319-333, 2010
Tan H., Zhou L., Xie R. (2007) Crop production system and nutrient balance for bio energy plant in subt-tropic regions. Guang
van Dam J., Faaij A.P.C., Hilbert J., Petruzzi H., Turkenburg W.C. (2009) Large-scale bioenergy production from soybeans and
feasibility for national and international markets. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009
van Dam J., Faaij A.P.C., Hilbert J., Petruzzi H., Turkenburg W.C. (2009) Large-scale bioenergy production from soybeans and
economic Impacts on a regional level. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009
van Dam J.: Options for sustainability improvement and biomass use in Malaysia. Rapport nr. 1080. Wageningen, 2000
van der Hilt F. and Faaij A.P.C. (not yet published) Spatio-temporal cost-supply curves for bioenergy production in Mozambiqu
van Eijck J., Smeets E., Faaij A. (not yet published) The economic performance of Jatropha, Cassava and Eucalyptus productio
setting. Draft version.
Wahl N., Jamnadass R., Baur H., Munster C., Iiyama M. (2009) Economic viability of Jatropha curcas L. plantations in Northern
Whitaker M and Heath G. (2009) Life cycle assessment of the use of Jatropha biodiesel in Indian locomotives
Wicke B., Dornburg V., Junginger N., Faaij A. (2008) Different palm oil production systems for energy purposes and their gree
1322-1337.
Final version December 2012 Biof
Directory
Diagrams
SVO from soybeans
GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJSVO]

Direct land use change
Indirect land use change
Cultivation of soybean
Transport soybeans to oil extraction
Oil extraction
Transport oil to refining plant
Refining plant
Transport SVO to end user
Fossil fuel comparator
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasoybean]
GH emis onsforSVOfromsoybeans
Seting
1
gCO2eq/MJSVO
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10
Cultiva on fsoybean Transportsoybeansto ilextracion

Oilextracion Transport iltorefin g plant
Refin g plant TransportSVOtoenduser
Indirectlandusechange
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10

Oilextracion Transport iltorefin g plant
Refin g plant TransportSVOtoenduser
Indirectlandusechange
FAME from soybeans
GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJFAME]

Cultivation of soybean
Transport soybeans to oil extraction
Oil extraction
Transport oil to biodiesel plant
Biodiesel plant
Transport FAME to filling station
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasoybean]
GH emis onsforFAMEfromsoybeans
Seting
2
Seting
3
Seting
4
Seting
5
Seting
6
Seting
7
Seting
4
Seting
5
Seting
6
Seting
7
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10

Oilextracion Transport iltobiodeslpant
Biodes lpant TransportFAMEtofilngstaion
IndirectlandusechanggeCO2eq/MJFAME
Ethanol from sugarcane
GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJEtOH]

Cultivation of sugarcane
Transport sugarcane to ethanol plant
Ethanol plant
Transport ethanol to filling station
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasugarcane]
GHG emissions for EtOH from sugarcane

GHG emissions for EtOH from sugarcane
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Cultivation of sugarcane Transport sugarcane to ethanol plant

Ethanol plant Transport ethanol to filling station
g CO2 eq / MJEtOH
First and second generation ethanol from sugarcane

Cultivation of sugarcane
Transport sugarcane to ethanol plant
Ethanol plant

GH emis onsforfi standsecondgen rationEtOH
fromsugarc ne
Seting
10
Seting
15
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10
Cultiva on fsugarc ne Transportsugarc netoehanolpant

Ethanolpant Transportehanolt filngstaion
IndirectlandusechangegCO2eq/MJEtOH
SVO from palm oil

Cultivation of FFBs
Transport FFB to oil mill
Oil mill
Transport palm oil to refining plant
Refining plant
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haoil palm]

GH emis onsSVOfromoilpalm
Seting
18
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10
Cultiva on fFBs TransportFBto ilml

Oilml Transportpalmoiltorefin gplant
Refin gplant TransportSVOtoenduser
IndirectlandusechangegCO2eq/MJSVO
FAME from palm oil

Cultivation of FFBs
Transport FFB to oil mill
Oil mill
Transport palm oil to biodiesel plant
Biodiesel plant
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haoil palm]

GHG emissions FAME from oil palm
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Cultivation of FFBs Transport FFB to oil mill

Oil mill Transport palm oil to biodiesel plant
Biodiesel plant Transport FAME to filling station
g CO2 eq / MJFAME
SVO from Jatropha

Cultivation of jatropha
Transport jatropha to oil extraction
Oil extraction
Refining plant
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hajatropha]
GHG emissions SVO from jatropha
Sett
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Cultivation of jatropha Transport jatropha to oil extraction

Oil extraction Transport oil to refining plant
Refining plant Transport SVO to end user
g CO2 eq / MJSVO
FAME from Jatropha
Plantation, high inputs, mechanized, no irrigation

Cultivation of jatropha
Oil extraction
Transport oil to biodiesel plant
Biodiesel plant
GHG emissions FAME from jatropha
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Cultivation of jatropha Transport jatropha to oil extraction

Oil extraction Transport oil to biodiesel plant
Biodiesel plant Transport FAME to filling station
Indirect land use changeg CO2 eq / MJFAME
Ethanol from cassava

Cultivation of cassava roots
Transport cassava roots to chip production
Chipping of cassava roots
Transport cassava chips to ethanol plant
Ethanol plant
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hacassava]
GHG emissions EtOH from cassava

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Cultivation of cassava roots Transport cassava roots to chip pr

Chipping of cassava roots Transport cassava chips to ethano
g CO2 eq / MJEtOH
Second generation ethanol from SRC eucalyptus
GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2]

Cultivation of eucalyptus
Transport eucalyptus to ethanol plant
Ethanol plant

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haeucalyptus]
GHG emissions EtOH2 from eucalyptus
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Cultivation of eucalyptus Transport eucalyptus to ethanol plan

g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2
BtL from SRC poplar
GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJBtL]

Cultivation of poplar
Transport poplar to BtL plant
BtL plant
Transport BtL to filling station
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hapoplar]
GHG emissions BtL from poplar
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Cultivation of poplar Transport poplar to BtL plant BtL plant

Transport BtL to filling station Indirect land use change
g CO2 eq / MJBtL
Second generation ethanol from switchgrass

Cultivation of switchgrass
Transport switchgrass to ethanol plant
Ethanol plant

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haswitchgrass]
GHG emissions EtOH2 from switchgrass
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Cultivation of switchgrass Transport switchgrass to ethanol plant

g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2
BtL from switchgrass
GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJBtL]

Cultivation of switchgrass
Transport switchgrass to BtL plant
BtL plant
Transport BtL to filling station
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haswitchgrass]
GHG emissions BtL from switchgrass
Se
Se
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Cultivation of switchgrass Transport switchgrass to BtL plant BtL plant

Transport BtL to filling station Indirect land use change
g CO2 eq / MJBtL
Second generation ethanol from rice straw

Cultivation of rice straw
Transport rice straw to ethanol plant
Ethanol plant
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / harice straw]

GHG emissions EtOH2 from rice straw
Sett
71
Sett
73
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Cultivation of rice straw Transport rice straw to ethanol plant

g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2
Second generation ethanol from wheat straw

Cultivation of wheat straw
Transport wheat straw to ethanol plant
Ethanol plant
GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hawheat straw]
GHG emissions EtOH2 from wheat straw
S
GHG emissions EtOH2 from wheat straw
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Cultivation of wheat straw Transport wheat straw to ethanol plant

g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2
Biofuel GreenHouse Gas Ca
Directory About Background data Lookup table
Setting 1
Argentina
Smallholders
Low mechanisation
No tillage
2010
0.0
0.0
7.1
2.6
9.0
0.0
0.9
0.4
83.8 indicated with vertical red line
-1,113 Negative values (bar to the left) indicate net savings, positive values (bar to th
GHG saving
1200 1000 80
Setting 2 Setting 3
Argentina Argentina
Smallholders Plantation
Low mechanisation High rate of mechanisation
No tillage Tillage
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
6.6 5.9
2.4 0.8
8.5 8.5
0.0 0.0
10.1 10.1
0.4 0.4
83.8 83.8
-933 -1,248
Setting 8 Setting 9
Brazil Brazil
Centralised (w. outgrowers) Centralised (w. outgrowers)
Mechanised harvesting Manual harvesting
No irrigation Irrigation
Intermediate inputs High inputs
Surplus bagasse into electricity Surplus bagasse into electricity
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
7.3 6.5
2.2 2.2
0.5 0.5
0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8
-8,457 -12,824
emissions for EtOH from sugarcane

Setting
8
Setting
9
Setting
11
Setting
12
emissions for EtOH from sugarcane
Setting
8
Setting
9
Setting
11
Setting
12
Setting
13
Setting
14
Setting
16
Setting
17
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
on of sugarcane Transport sugarcane to ethanol plant

plant Transport ethanol to filling station
and use change
g CO2 eq / MJEtOH
ethanol from sugarcane

Setting 10
Brazil
Centralised (w. outgrowers)
Mechanised harvesting
Irrigation
Surplus bagasse into EtOH2
2020
0.0
0.0
7.6
2.3
1.7
0.8
83.8
-14,577
GHG
18000 16000 14000
Setting 18
Indonesia
Snallholders
Intermediate inputs
No POME use
2010
0.0
0.0
11.3
0.2
31.7
0.3
1.0
0.6
GHG savings S
5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2
Setting 19 Setting 20
Indonesia Indonesia
No POME use No POME use
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
10.9 13.8
2.5 2.5
30.6 30.6
0.3 0.3
11.1 11.1
0.6 0.6
83.8 83.8
-3,117 -2,964
GHG emissions FAME from oil palm
Setting
19
Setting
20
Setting
21
Setting
22
Setting
23
Setting
24
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
tivation of FFBs Transport FFB to oil mill

mill Transport palm oil to biodiesel plant
diesel plant Transport FAME to filling station
irect land use change
g CO2 eq / MJFAME
Setting 25
Tanzania
Smallholders, low input
Marginal land
No irrigation
Husks and seedcake as fertiliser
2010
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.2
8.4
0.0
0.8
1.0
-440 Negative values (bar to the left) indicate net savings, positive values (bar to th
sions SVO from jatropha GHG savings SVO
Setting
25
40 50 60 70 80 90 100
500 450 400 350 300 250
kg CO
g
e
CO2 eq / MJSVO
Tanzania Tanzania
Plantation, high inputs, mechanized, no irrigationn, intermediate input, manual , no irrigation
Good land Marginal land
Seedcake as fertiliser, husks as fuel Seedcake as fertiliser, husks as fuel
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
27.8 14.3
6.9 6.9
0.2 0.2
0.0 0.0
9.7 9.7
0.5 0.5
83.8 83.8
-811 -925
issions FAME from jatropha

Setting
26
Setting
27
Setting
28
Setting
29
Setting
30
Setting
31
Setting
32
Setting
33
Setting
34
Setting
35
Setting
36
Setting
37
Setting
38
Setting
39
Setting
40
Setting
41
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
f jatropha Transport jatropha to oil extraction

n Transport oil to biodiesel plant
nt Transport FAME to filling station
use changeg CO2 eq / MJFAME
Mozambique Mozambique
Smallholders Smallholders
Low input Intermediate input
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
14.0 18.5
0.9 0.9
5.0 5.0
2.8 2.8
49.5 49.5
0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8
-137 -120
GHG emissions EtOH from cassava

Setting
42
Setting
43
Setting
44
Setting
45
Setting
46
Setting
47
Setting
48
Setting
49
Setting
50
Setting
Setting
46
Setting
47
Setting
48
Setting
49
Setting
50
Setting
51
Setting
52
Setting
53
Setting
54
Setting
55
Setting
56
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
vation of cassava roots Transport cassava roots to chip production

ping of cassava roots Transport cassava chips to ethanol plant
nol plant Transport ethanol to filling station
ect land use change
g CO2 eq / MJEtOH
om SRC eucalyptus
Mozambique Brazil
Plantation Plantation
Less suitable land Less suitable land
2020 2020
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
24.6 24.0
3.9 4.2
8.5 8.5
0.4 0.8
83.8 83.8
-2,482 -3,653
GHG emissions EtOH2 from eucalyptus
Setting
57
Setting
58
Setting
59
Setting
60
Setting
61
Setting
62
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
ivation of eucalyptus Transport eucalyptus to ethanol plant

anol plant Transport ethanol to filling station
rect land use change
g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2
Ukraine Ukraine
Less suitable land Suitable land
2020 2020
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
16.4 7.0
1.1 1.1
0.2 0.2
0.6 0.6
83.8 83.8
-3,143 -8,379
missions BtL from poplar

Setting
63
Setting
64
Setting
65
Setting
66
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
r Transport poplar to BtL plant BtL plant

ing station Indirect land use change
g CO2 eq / MJBtL
om switchgrass
Setting 67
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2020
0.0
0.0
8.2
1.5
8.5
0.6
83.8
-2,562
G emissions EtOH2 from switchgrass
Setting
67
Setting
69
0 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
on of switchgrass Transport switchgrass to ethanol plant

plant Transport ethanol to filling station
land use change
g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2
Setting 68
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2020
0.0
0.0
9.1
1.6
0.2
0.4
83.8
-2,694
sions BtL from switchgrass GHG savings B
Setting
68
Setting
70
40 50 60 70 80 90 100
3000 2500 2000 1
k
Transport switchgrass to BtL plant BtL plant
on Indirect land use change
g CO2 eq / MJBtL
om rice straw
Setting 71
China
2020
0.0
0.0
12.3
1.5
8.5
0.8
83.8
-406
ons EtOH2 from rice straw GHG saving
Setting
71
Setting
73
40 50 60 70 80 90 100
450 400 350 300
Transport rice straw to ethanol plant

g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2
om wheat straw
Setting 72
Ukraine
2020
0.0
0.0
11.7
0.6
8.5
1.0
83.8
-415
sions EtOH2 from wheat straw GHG saving
Setting
72
sions EtOH2 from wheat straw GHG saving
Setting
72
Setting
74
40 50 60 70 80 90 100
450 400 350 300
traw Transport wheat straw to ethanol plant

g CO2 eq / MJEtOH2
enHouse Gas Calculator
kground data Lookup table Diagrams References
t) indicate net savings, positive values (bar to the right) indicate net emissions
GHG savings for SVO from soybeans
Setting 1
1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

kg CO2 eq / ha
Setting 4
Argentina
Plantation
High rate of mechanisation
No tillage
2010
0.0
0.0
7.4
1.1
8.5
0.0
10.1
0.4
83.8
-1,513
GHG savings for FAME from soybeans
Setting 2
Setting 3
Setting 4
Setting 5
Setting 6
Setting 7
1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

Setting 4
Setting 5
Setting 6
Setting 7
1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

kg CO2 eq / ha
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
9.2 9.3
2.7 2.7
0.6 0.6
0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8
-10,339 -13,583
GHG savings for EtOH from sugarcane
Setting 8
Setting 9
Setting 11
Setting 12
GHG savings for EtOH from sugarcane
Setting 8
Setting 9
Setting 11
Setting 12
Setting 13
Setting 14
Setting 16
Setting 17
16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
Setting 15
Brazil
Highly mechanised harvesting, high inputs
Irrigation
Surplus bagasse into EtOH2
2030
0.0
0.0
7.5
2.3
1.7
0.8
GHG savings for first and second generation EtOH
from sugarcane
Setting 10
Setting 15
18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
GHG savings SVO from oil palm
Setting 18
5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
Colombia Malaysia
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
10.4 12.2
2.4 2.3
29.4 27.3
0.3 0.3
10.1 11.0
0.6 0.6
83.8 83.8
-4,034 -4,190
GHG savings FAME from oil palm
Setting 19
Setting 20
Setting 21
Setting 22
Setting 23
Setting 24
10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
GHG savings SVO from jatropha
Setting 25
500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0

kg CO2 eq / ha
Tanzania Tanzania
low input, no irrigation Smallholder, intermediate input
Marginal land Marginal land
Husks and seedcake as fertiliser Husks and seedcake as fertiliser
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 4.7
15.2 15.2
7.9 7.9
0.0 0.0
9.7 9.7
0.5 0.5
83.8 83.8
-387 -629
GHG savings FAME from jatropha
Setting 26
Setting 27
Setting 28
Setting 29
Setting 30
Setting 31
Setting 32
Setting 33
Setting 34
Setting 35
Setting 36
Setting 37
Setting 38
Setting 39
Setting 40
Setting 41
1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
Tanzania Tanzania
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
17.3 17.2
0.9 0.9
5.0 5.0
2.8 2.8
49.5 49.5
0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8
-142 -288
GHG savings EtOH from cassava

Setting 42
Setting 43
Setting 44
Setting 45
Setting 46
Setting 47
Setting 48
Setting 49
Setting 50
Setting 51
Setting 46
Setting 47
Setting 48
Setting 49
Setting 50
Setting 51
Setting 52
Setting 53
Setting 54
Setting 55
Setting 56
1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0

kg CO2 eq / ha
Setting 59
Brazil
Plantation
Suitable land
2020
0.0
0.0
23.5
4.2
8.5
0.8
83.8
-8,126
GHG savings EtOH2 from eucalyptus

Setting 57
Setting 58
Setting 59
Setting 60
Setting 61
Setting 62
10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
Setting 65
Ukraine
Plantation
Less suitable land
2030
0.0
0.0
16.4
1.1
0.2
0.6
83.8
-3,143
GHG savings BtL from poplar
Setting 63
Setting 64
Setting 65
Setting 66
9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0

kg CO2 eq / ha
Setting 69
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2030
0.0
0.0
8.1
1.5
8.5
0.6

GHG savings EtOH2 from switchgrass
Setting 67
Setting 69
3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
Setting 70
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2030
0.0
0.0
9.0
1.6
0.2
0.4
GHG savings BtL from switchgrass
Setting 68
Setting 70
3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
Setting 73
China
2030
0.0
0.0
12.1
1.5
8.5
0.8
GHG savings EtOH2 from rice straw
Setting 71
Setting 73
450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
Setting 74
Ukraine
2030
0.0
0.0
11.5
0.6
8.5
1.0
GHG savings EtOH2 from wheat straw
Setting 72
GHG savings EtOH2 from wheat straw
Setting 72
Setting 74
450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
kg CO2 eq / ha
s
Setting 1
0 0
Setting 5 Setting 6 Setting 7
Argentina Argentina Argentina
Plantation Plantation Plantation
High inputs (irrigation) High rate of mechanisation High rate of mechanisation
No tillage Tillage No tillage
2020 2020 2020
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
5.8 5.8 7.3
0.8 0.8 1.2
8.4 8.4 8.4
0.0 0.0 0.0
10.1 10.1 10.1
0.4 0.4 0.4
83.8 83.8 83.8
-1,380 -1,380 -1,672
beans
Setting 2
Setting 3
Setting 4
Setting 5
Setting 6
Setting 7
00 200 0
Setting 4
Setting 5
Setting 6
Setting 7
00 200 0
Brazil Brazil
Mechanised harvesting Highly mechanised harvesting
2020 2020
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
7.2 7.2
2.2 2.2
0.5 0.5
0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8
-8,894 -13,330
arcane
Setting 8
Setting 9
Setting 11
Setting 12
arcane
Setting 8
Setting 9
Setting 11
Setting 12
Setting 13
Setting 14
Setting 16
Setting 17
0 2000 0
ond generation EtOH
ane
Setting 10
Setting 15
00 2000 0
Setting 18
Indonesia Malaysia
High inputs High inputs
POME use POME use
2020 2020
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
10.7 10.7
2.0 2.0
0.6 0.6
0.3 0.3
11.1 11.0
0.6 0.6
83.8 83.8
-8,687 -8,713
palm
Setting 19
Setting 20
Setting 21
Setting 22
Setting 23
Setting 24
2000 1000 0
Setting 25

Mali Mali India
low input Smallholder, intermediate input low input
Husks and seedcake as fertiliser Husks and seedcake as fertiliser Husks and seedcake as fertiliser
2010 2010 2010
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 4.7 0.0
15.2 15.2 15.2
9.4 9.4 10.6
0.0 0.0 0.0
10.2 10.2 10.6
0.5 0.5 0.5
83.8 83.8 83.8
-337 -461 -530
opha
Setting 26
Setting 27
Setting 28
Setting 29
Setting 30
Setting 31
Setting 32
Setting 33
Setting 34
Setting 35
Setting 36
Setting 37
Setting 38
Setting 39
Setting 40
Setting 41
200 0
Thailand Thailand
2010 2010
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
11.7 21.8
0.9 0.9
5.0 5.0
1.1 1.1
49.5 49.5
0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8
-935 -329
sava
Setting 42
Setting 43
Setting 44
Setting 45
Setting 46
Setting 47
Setting 48
Setting 49
Setting 50
Setting 51
Setting 46
Setting 47
Setting 48
Setting 49
Setting 50
Setting 51
Setting 52
Setting 53
Setting 54
Setting 55
Setting 56
00 200 0

Mozambique Brazil Brazil
Less suitable land Less suitable land Suitable land
2030 2030 2030
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
23.9 23.6 23.1
3.9 4.2 4.2
8.5 8.5 8.5
0.4 0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8 83.8

-3,856 -4,416 -8,927
calyptus
Setting 57
Setting 58
Setting 59
Setting 60
Setting 61
Setting 62
2000 1000 0
Setting 66
Ukraine
Plantation
Suitable land
2030
0.0
0.0
7.0
1.1
0.2
0.6
-8,379 Negative values (bar to the left) indicate net savings, positive values (bar to the right) in
Setting 63
Setting 64
Setting 65
Setting 66
00 1000 0
witchgrass
Setting 67
Setting 69
500 0
Setting 68
Setting 70
Setting 71
Setting 73
aw
Setting 72
aw
Setting 72
Setting 74
0
indicated with vertical red line
Negative values (bar to the left) indicate net savings, positive values (bar to the right) indicate net emissions
2020 2020
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
7.5 7.2
2.2 2.2
0.5 0.5
0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8 indicated with vertical red line
-8,422 -14,809 Negative values (bar to the left) indicate net savings
India Tanzania
Smallholder, intermediate input Plantation, high inputs, mechanised, no irrigation
Good land
Husks and seedcake as fertiliser Seedcake as fertiliser, husks as fuel
2010 2020
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
4.7 15.3
15.2 3.7
10.6 0.2
0.0 0.0
10.6 9.7
0.5 0.5
83.8 83.8
-717 -1,311
Mozambique Mozambique Mozambique
Smallholders Smallholders Plantation
Low input Intermediate input High input
2020 2020 2020
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
17.0 16.9 26.9
0.9 0.9 3.1
5.0 5.0 2.0
2.8 2.8 0.0
49.5 49.5 49.5
0.8 0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8 83.8
-149 -301 -74

sitive values (bar to the right) indicate net emissions
te net emissions
to the left) indicate net savings, positive values (bar to the right) indicate net emissions
te net emissions
Tanzania Tanzania Tanzania
ediate input, manual, no irrigation low input Smallholder, intermediate input
Marginal land Marginal land Marginal land
eedcake as fertiliser, husks as fuel Husks and seedcake as fertiliser Husks and seedcake as fertiliser
2020 2020 2020
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
7.3 0.0 4.6
3.7 15.2 15.2
0.2 7.9 7.9
0.0 0.0 0.0
9.7 9.7 9.7
0.5 0.5 0.5
83.8 83.8 83.8
-1,272 -445 -725

2020 2020 2020
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
9.0 16.3 26.4
0.9 0.9 3.1
5.0 5.0 2.0
2.8 2.8 0.0
49.5 49.5 49.5
0.8 0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8 83.8
-1,002 -592 -175

te net emissions
Mali Mali India
low input Smallholder, intermediate input low input
Husks and seedcake as fertiliser Husks and seedcake as fertiliser Husks and seedcake as fertiliser
2020 2020 2020
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 4.6 0.0
15.2 15.2 15.2
9.4 9.4 10.6
0.0 0.0 0.0
10.2 10.2 10.6
0.5 0.5 0.5
83.8 83.8 83.8
-387 -531 -610

Thailand Thailand Thailand
2020 2020 2020
0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0
11.1 21.2 26.2
0.9 0.9 3.1
5.0 5.0 2.0
1.1 1.1 0.0
49.5 49.5 49.5
0.8 0.8 0.8
83.8 83.8 83.8
-1,560 -570 -308

Setting 41
India

2020
0.0
0.0
4.6
15.2
10.6
0.0
10.6
0.5
-826 Negative values (bar to the left) indicate net savings, positive values (bar to the right) in
sitive values (bar to the right) indicate net emissions
te net emissions
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Background data
GHG emission coefficient Fossil energy input Density LHV Fuel efficiency Source Remark
MJ/kg (@ 0%
unit (line 9 to 130) gCO2/kg gCH4/kg gN2O/kg gCO2-eq/kg gCO2/MJ gCH4/MJ gN2O/MJ gCO2-eq/MJ MJfossil/kg MJfossil/MJ kg/m3 water) MJ/tkm
Electricity mix 2010 Electricity mix 2020 Electricity mix 2030
unit (line 132 to 152) gCO2/MJ gCH4/MJ (fossil) gCH4/MJ (biogenic) gN2O/MJ gCO2-eq/MJ gCO2-eq/MJ gCO2-eq/MJ
Global Warming Potentials (GWPs)

CO2 1 IPCC 2007
CH4 fossil 27.75 IFEU 2011a
CH4 biogenic 25 IPCC 2007
N 2O 298 IPCC 2007
Agro inputs
N-fertiliser (kg N) 2010 2827.0 8.68 9.64 5,941.1 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
N-fertiliser (kg N) 2020 2685.7 8.24 9.16 5,644.0 IFEU 2011b Each decade 5% less emissions
N-fertiliser (kg N) 2030 2551.4 7.83 8.70 5,361.8 IFEU 2011b Each decade 5% less emissions
P2O5-fertiliser (kg P2O5) 964.9 1.33 0.05 1,017.2 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
K2O-fertiliser (kg K2O) 536.3 1.57 0.01 583.6 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
CaO-fertiliser (kg CaO) 119.1 0.22 0.02 130.6 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
N2O field emissions 0.0 0.00 20.90 6,228.2 IFEU 2011 based on IPCC 2006 direct & indirect N-emissions
Manure emissions 0.0 0.00 0.10 30.8 IFEU based on BMU 2008 and IPCC 2006 direct & indirect N-emissions
Pesticides 9887 25.53 1.68 11,095.9 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Oil palm seedlings 498.9 Pastowski et al. 2007
Soybean seeds 488.8 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Cassava cuttings 63.9 IFEU 2011b
Jatropha seedlings 335.3 IFEU 2011b
Jatropha seeds 321.2 IFEU 2011b
Sugarcane cuttings 24.5 IFEU 2011b
Poplar cuttings 4.84 IFEU 2011b
Eucalyptus cuttings 4.84 IFEU 2011b
Switchgrass seeds 412.1 0.91 1.00 736.2 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Wheat seeds 151.1 0.28 0.40 278.0 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Conversion inputs - fuel

Natural gas 62.27 0.20 0.00 67.83 IFEU 2011 based on Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Fuel oil 84.19 0.02 0.00 85.15 835.0 43.0 IFEU 2011a
Ethanol 794.0 26.8 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
FAME Jatropha 880.0 39.5 IFEU 2011a
FAME Oil palm 880.0 36.6 Pastowski et al. 2007
FAME Soybeans 890.0 37.0 IFEU 2011a
SVO Jatropha 920.0 39.5 IFEU 2011a
SVO Oil palm 920.0 36.6 Pastowski et al. 2007
SVO Soybeans 920.0 37.0 IFEU 2011a
BtL 780.0 44.0 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Conversion inputs - auxiliary material

Hexane 80.1 0.0146 0.0003 80.6 45.1 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Fuller's earth 197.0 0.04 0.006 199.9 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 2,776.0 8.93 0.103 3,054.4 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 12,559.8 IFEU 2011a
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 717 1.13 0.025 756.3 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Ammonia water (25% conc.) 2,100.2 IFEU 2011a
Enzymes 2,083.3 IFEU 2011a
Lubricants 947 0.000 0.000 947.0 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Cyclo-hexane 723 0.000 0.000 723.0 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Lime 1013 0.649 0.008 1,033.3 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) 194 0.546 0.005 210.3 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) 977.3 Reinhardt et al. 2007
Enzymes (Cellulase) 2,066.3 Reinhardt et al. 2007
Nutrients 2,066.3 Reinhardt et al. 2007
Methanol 92.8 0.290 0.0003 100.9 793 19.9 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Catalyst 1,372.2 Reinhardt et al. 2006
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 438 1.03 0.024 474.2 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Sand 2.31 Reinhardt et al. 2006
Amines 5,105.3 Reinhardt et al. 2006
Emissions from steam production (per MJ steam)

Steam 95.67 0.0226 0.0016 96.8 IFEU 2011a
Outputs -products, co-products, residues

General
Glycerol 15.8 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Fatty acids 30.0 IFEU 2011b
Lignin containing biomass 22.4 Reinhardt et al. 2007
Oil palm
Palm oil 36.6 Pastowski et al. 2007
FFB 24.0 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Palm kernels 22.0 IFEU 2011a
EFB storage and field emissions 0.0 1.50 0.1382 78.7 IFEU 2011 based on van Dam 2000 and IPCC 2006 direct & indirect N-emissions
Fibers 19.0 IFEU 2007
POME emissions 0.0 48.9 0.000 1,222.6 IFEU 2011a
POME emissions when used 0.0 0.0005 0.000 0.013 IFEU 2011b
Methane 50.0 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Soybeans
Soybean oil 36.6 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Soybean meal 16.3 IFEU 2011a
Sugarcane
Bagasse 17.5 Macedo 2004
Filter mud cake 0.00 0.00 0.06 18.0 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net) and IPCC 2006 direct & indirect N-emissions
Vinasse 0.00 0.00 0.0017 0.5 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net) and IPCC 2006 direct & indirect N-emissions
Emissions trash burning 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.7 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Jatropha
Jatropha oil 39.5 IFEU 2011a
Husks 15.5 Reinhardt et al. 2008
Cake 17.5 Reinhardt et al. 2008
Husk field emissions 0.00 0.00 0.16 47.2 IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2008 and IPCC 2006 direct & indirect N-emissions
Cake field emissions 0.00 0.00 0.76 227.1 IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2008 and IPCC 2006 direct & indirect N-emissions
Cassava
Stillage emissions 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 IFEU 2011b No information on stillage composition available; fertilising effect and field emissions assumed to be sero
2nd generation ethanol
Stillage EtOH2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 18.3 IFEU 2011b No information on stillage composition available; fertilising effect and field emissions assumed to be sero
Transports & fuels

Diesel East Europe 2010 87.64 0.00 0.00 87.6 832 43.1 IFEU 2011 based on GEMIS 4.6
Diesel South America 2010 88.06 0.00 0.00 88.1 832 43.1 IFEU 2011 based on GEMIS 4.9
Diesel others 2010 88.96 0.00 0.00 89.0 832 43.1 IFEU 2011 based on GEMIS 4.12
Gasoline 2010 86.8 0.02 0.01 90.2 745 43.2 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Gasoline 2020 86.8 0.02 0.01 90.2 745 43.2 IFEU 2011b
Gasoline 2030 86.8 0.02 0.01 90.2 745 43.2 IFEU 2011b
624143603.xls Background data page112

HFO for maritime transport 2010 87.2 0.00 0.00 87.2 970 40.5 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net) Higher CO2 emissions from combustion for HFO used for maritime transport
HFO for maritime transport 2020 91.6 0.00 0.00 91.6 970 40.5 IFEU 2011b
HFO for maritime transport 2030 96.1 0.00 0.00 96.1 970 40.5 IFEU 2011b
5t 83.7 0.02 0.01 85.9 4.29 IFEU 2011a
10t 83.7 0.02 0.01 85.9 3.29 IFEU 2011a
20t 83.7 0.02 0.00 85.1 2.22 IFEU 2011a
40t 83.7 0.01 0.00 85.1 1.18 IFEU 2011a
40t Gasoline 100.0 0.02 0.00 101.6 1.01 IFEU 2011a
Ocean bulk carrier (Fuel oil) 0.20 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
Rail (Electric, MV) 0.21 Biograce list of standard values (www.biograce.net)
624143603.xls Background data page113

Final version December 2012 Biofuel
Directory About

Step-by-step manual for calculating CO2 emissions from land use change
The following calculations are based on the Commission Decision of 10 June 2010 on guidelines for the calculation of land
purpose of Annex V of Directive 2009/28/EC (notified under document C (2010) 3751). The guidelines consist of tables wi
stocks in soils, above and below ground biomass for different soil types, climate regions, vegetation types etc. All values a
approach as developed under the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
GHG emissions from direct land use change 0.0
kg CO2eq per ha per year
Specify the parameters in step 1-4 to calculate CO2 emissions from direct land use changes
REFERENCE LAND USE before land use change

STEP 1 - Carbon stock in above and below ground biomass before land use change (CVEG)
Please select:
Vegetation type Cropland (annual)
Domain --
Climate region All
Ecological zone --
Continent --
Above and below ground carbon before land use change 0.0
STEP 2 - Standard soil organic carbon (SOCST)
Please select:
Climate region Boreal

Soil type Sandy soils
Standard soil organic carbon 10
STEP 3 - Factors reflecting the difference in soil organic carbon (SOC) compared to standard soil organic car
use change
Please select:
Climate region Temperate/Boreal, dry
Land use factor (FLU) Cropland (annual)
Managment factor (FMG) no tillage
Input factor (FI) Low
Modificator (FLU*FMG*FI) 0.836
Soil organic carbon before land use change 8.4
ACTUAL LAND USE after land use change

STEP 4 - Carbon stock in above and below ground biomass of biofuel plantation (CVEG)
Please select:
Vegetation type Cropland (annual)

Domain --
Climate region All
Ecological zone --
Continent --
Above and below ground carbon of biofuel plantation 0.0
STEP 5 - Factors reflecting the difference in soil organic carbon (SOC) compared to standard soil organic car
use change
Please select:
Climate region Temperate/Boreal, dry
Land use factor (FLU) Cropland (annual)
Managment factor (FMG) no tillage
Input factor (FI) Low
Modificator (FLU*FMG*FI) 0.836
Soil organic carbon of biofuel plantation 8.4
STEP 6 - Calculation of GHG emissions

Total carbon stock before land use change 8.4
Total carbon stock of biofuel plantation after land use change 8.4
GHG emissions from direct land use change 0.0
CommandButton1
Domain Climate region
-- All
Boreal --
Boreal --
Boreal --
Boreal --
Boreal --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Boreal --
Boreal --
Boreal --
Boreal --
Boreal --
Boreal --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Temperate --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
-- Boreal - dry/wet
-- Cool temperate, dry
-- Cool temperate, wet
-- Warm temperate, dry
-- Warm temperate, wet
-- Tropical, dry
-- Tropical, moist/wet
-- All
-- All
-- Tropical dry
-- Tropical moist
-- Tropical wet
-- Temperate
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Subtropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Tropical --
Temperate --
Tropical Tropical dry
Tropical Tropical moist
Tropical Tropical moist
Tropical Tropical wet
Tropical Tropical wet
Subtropical Warm temperate dry
Subtropical Warm temperate moist
Subtropical Warm temperate moist
-- All
High with manure

High without manure
Low
Medium
ctory About Background data Lookup table Diagrams References
es for the calculation of land use carbon stocks for the

uidelines consist of tables with default values for carbon
tation types etc. All values are based on the Tier 1
ies.
After you have specified emissions

from land use change in steps 1 to 4,
copy this value and include it in the
user-defined column of your
calculation sheet (STEP 1 - GHG
emissions from land use change)
nd use changes
(CVEG)
t C/ha
t C/ha
standard soil organic carbon (SOCST) before land

t C/ha
)
EG
t C/ha
standard soil organic carbon (SOCST) after land
t C/ha
t C/ha
t C/ha
EcolContinent Value
-- -- 0.00
BoreAsia, Europe, North America 12
Bor Asia, Europe, North America (≤ 20y) 2
Bor Asia, Europe, North America (> 20y) 6
Bor Asia, Europe, North America (≤ 20y) 0
Bor Asia, Europe, North America (> 20y) 2
SubtAfrica 17.00
SubtNorth and South America 26.00
SubtAsia (continental) 16.00
SubtAsia (insular) 20.00
SubtNorth and South America 26.00
SubtAsia (continental) 22.00
SubtAsia (insular) 35.00
SubtAsia (insular) 9
SubtAfrica 9
SubtNorth and South America 10
SubtAsia (continental) 7
TempAsia, Europe (≤ 20y) 2
TempAsia, Europe (> 20y) 14
TempNorth and South America (≤ 20y) 7
TempNorth and South America (> 20y) 16
TemAsia, Europe (≤ 20y) 12
TemAsia, Europe (> 20y) 16
TemNorth and South America (≤ 20y) 6
TemNorth and South America (> 20y) 6
TempEurope 14
TempNorth America 79
TempNew Zealand 43
TempSouth America 21
tropAfrica 14.00
tropNorth and South America 25.00
tropAsia (continental) 16.00
tropAsia (insular) 19.00
TropAfrica 30.00
TropNorth and South America 26.00
TropAsia (continental) 21.00
TropAsia (insular) 34.00
TropAfrica 13
TropNorth and South America 17
TropAsia (continental) 16
TropAsia (insular) 26
TropAfrica 40.00
TropNorth and South America 39.00
TropAsia (continental) 36.00
TropAsia (insular) 45.00
BoreAsia, Europe >20y 12
BoreAsia, Europe ≤20y 1
BoreNorth America 13
Bor Asia, Europe >20y 7
Bor Asia, Europe ≤20y 1
Bor North America 7
SubtAfrica broadleaf > 20y 21.00
SubtAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y 9
SubtAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y 19
SubtAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y 6
SubtAmericas Eucalyptus sp. 34
SubtAmericas Pinus sp. 34
SubtAmericas Tectona grandis 28
SubtAmericas other broadleaf 19
SubtAsia broadleaf 28
SubtAsia other 19
SubtAmericas Eucalyptus sp. 42.00
SubtAmericas Pinus sp. 81.00
SubtAmericas Tectona grandis 36.00
SubtAmericas other broadleaf 30.00
SubtAsia broadleaf 54.00
SubtAsia other 30.00
SubtAfrica broadleaf > 20y 31
SubtAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y 20
SubtAsia broadleaf 28
SubtAsia other 15
SubtAfrica broadleaf 6
SubtAsia broadleaf >20y 25
SubtAsia broadleaf ≤20y 3
SubtAsia coniferous >20y 6
SubtAsia coniferous ≤20y 34
TempAsia, Europe, broadleaf >20y 60
TempAsia, Europe, broadleaf ≤20y 4
TempAsia, Europe, coniferous >20y 52
TempAsia, Europe, coniferous ≤20y 7
TempAsia, Europe, broadleaf >20y 60
TempAsia, Europe, broadleaf ≤20y 9
TempAsia, Europe, coniferous >20y 60
TempAsia, Europe, coniferous ≤20y 12
TempNew Zealand 75
TropAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y 6.00
TropAmericas other broadleaf 18.00
TropAmericas Eucalyptus sp. 27.00
TropAmericas Pinus sp. 33.00
TropAfrica broadleaf > 20y 21.00
TropAmericas Tectona grandis 27.00
TropAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y 9.00
TropAsia broadleaf 27.00
TropAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y 18.00
TropAsia other 18.00
TropAfrica broadleaf > 20y 87
TropAsia other 9.00
TropAfrica broadleaf 6.00
-- -- 4.3
-- -- 3.3
-- -- 6.8
-- -- 3.1
-- -- 6.8
-- -- 4.4
-- -- 8.1
-- -- 17.5
-- -- 60.00
-- -- 4.20
-- -- 3.20
-- -- 6.40
-- -- 43.2
-- Africa 43.00
-- North and South America 50.00
-- Asia (continental) 37.00
-- Asia (insular) 43.00
-- Europe 37
-- Africa 46.00
-- North and South America 53.00
-- Asia (continental) 39.00
-- Asia (insular) 46.00
-- Australia 46
-- All 7.4
TropAfrica 4.2
TropAsia (continental, insular) 4
TropAfrica 4.2
TropCentral and South America 5
TropCentral and South America 5
SubtNorth America 4.8
SubtCentral and South America 5
SubtNorth America 4.8
-- --
New Zealand
North America
South America
Asia, Europe ≤20y
Asia, Europe, broadleaf >20y
Asia, Europe, broadleaf ≤20y
Asia, Europe, coniferous >20y
Asia, Europe, coniferous ≤20y
Asia, Europe, North America
Asia, Europe, North America (> 20y)
Asia, Europe, North America (≤ 20y)
Australia
Central and South America
New Zealand
North and South America
North and South America (> 20y)
North and South America (≤ 20y)
Gas Calculator
table Diagrams References
Search
Cropland (annual)--All----
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Boreal--Boreal coniferous forestAsia, Europe, North America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Boreal--Boreal mountain systemsAsia, Europe, North America (≤ 20y)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Boreal--Boreal mountain systemsAsia, Europe, North America (> 20y)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Boreal--Boreal tundra woodlandAsia, Europe, North America (≤ 20y)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Boreal--Boreal tundra woodlandAsia, Europe, North America (> 20y)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical dry forestAfrica
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical dry forestNorth and South America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical dry forestAsia (continental)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical dry forestAsia (insular)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical humid forestNorth and South America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical humid forestAsia (continental)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical humid forestAsia (insular)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical steppeAsia (insular)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical steppeAfrica
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical steppeNorth and South America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Subtropical--Subtropical steppeAsia (continental)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate continental forestAsia, Europe (≤ 20y)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate continental forestAsia, Europe (> 20y)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate continental forestNorth and South America (≤ 2
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate continental forestNorth and South America (> 2
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate mountain systemsAsia, Europe (≤ 20y)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate mountain systemsAsia, Europe (> 20y)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate mountain systemsNorth and South America (≤ 2
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate mountain systemsNorth and South America (> 2
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate oceanic forestEurope
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate oceanic forestNorth America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate oceanic forestNew Zealand
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Temperate--Temperate oceanic forestSouth America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--tropical dry forestAfrica
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--tropical dry forestNorth and South America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--tropical dry forestAsia (continental)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--tropical dry forestAsia (insular)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical moist forestAfrica
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical moist forestNorth and South America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical moist forestAsia (continental)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical moist forestAsia (insular)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical mountain systemsAfrica
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical mountain systemsNorth and South America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical mountain systemsAsia (continental)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical mountain systemsAsia (insular)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical rain forestAfrica
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical rain forestNorth and South America
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical rain forestAsia (continental)
Forest (10-30% canopy cover)Tropical--Tropical rain forestAsia (insular)
Forest plantationsBoreal--Boreal coniferous forest and mountain systemsAsia, Europe >20y
Forest plantationsBoreal--Boreal coniferous forest and mountain systemsAsia, Europe ≤20y
Forest plantationsBoreal--Boreal coniferous forest and mountain systemsNorth America
Forest plantationsBoreal--Boreal tundra woodlandAsia, Europe >20y
Forest plantationsBoreal--Boreal tundra woodlandAsia, Europe ≤20y
Forest plantationsBoreal--Boreal tundra woodlandNorth America
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAfrica broadleaf > 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAsia broadleaf
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical dry forestAsia other
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical humid forestAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical humid forestAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical humid forestAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical humid forestAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical humid forestAsia broadleaf
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical humid forestAsia other
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAfrica broadleaf > 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAsia broadleaf
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical mountain systemsAsia other
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAfrica broadleaf
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAsia broadleaf >20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAsia broadleaf ≤20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAsia coniferous >20y
Forest plantationsSubtropical--Subtropical steppeAsia coniferous ≤20y
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate continental forest and mountain systemsAsia, Europe, broad
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate continental forest and mountain systemsAsia, Europe, broad
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate continental forest and mountain systemsAsia, Europe, conif
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate continental forest and mountain systemsAsia, Europe, conif
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate continental forest and mountain systemsNorth America
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate continental forest and mountain systemsSouth America
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate oceanic forestAsia, Europe, broadleaf >20y
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate oceanic forestAsia, Europe, broadleaf ≤20y
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate oceanic forestAsia, Europe, coniferous >20y
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate oceanic forestAsia, Europe, coniferous ≤20y
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate oceanic forestNorth America
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate oceanic forestNew Zealand
Forest plantationsTemperate--Temperate oceanic forestSouth America
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAfrica broadleaf > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAsia broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical dry forestAsia other
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAsia broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAsia other
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAfrica broadleaf > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical moist deciduous forestAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAfrica broadleaf > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAsia broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAsia other
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical mountain systemsAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAfrica broadleaf ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAsia broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAsia other
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAfrica broadleaf > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical rain forestAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAsia other
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAmericas other broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAsia broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAmericas Eucalyptus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAmericas Pinus sp.
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAmericas Tectona grandis
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAfrica broadleaf
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAfrica Pinus sp. > 20y
Forest plantationsTropical--Tropical shrublandAfrica Pinus sp. ≤ 20y
Grassland--Boreal - dry/wet----
Grassland--Cool temperate, dry----
Grassland--Cool temperate, wet----
Grassland--Warm temperate, dry----
Grassland--Warm temperate, wet----
Grassland--Tropical, dry----
Grassland--Tropical, moist/wet----
Jatropha--All----
Oil palm--All----
Perennial crops (general)--Tropical dry----
Perennial crops (general)--Tropical moist----
Perennial crops (general)--Tropical wet----
Perennial crops (general)--Temperate ----
ScrublandSubtropical----Africa
ScrublandSubtropical----North and South America
ScrublandSubtropical----Asia (continental)
ScrublandSubtropical----Asia (insular)
ScrublandSubtropical----Europe
ScrublandTropical----Africa
ScrublandTropical----North and South America
ScrublandTropical----Asia (continental)
ScrublandTropical----Asia (insular)
ScrublandTropical----Australia
ScrublandTemperate----All
SugarcaneTropicalTropical dryTropical dry forestAfrica
SugarcaneTropicalTropical dryTropical dry forestAsia (continental, insular)
SugarcaneTropicalTropical dryTropical scrublandAsia (continental, insular)
SugarcaneTropicalTropical moistTropical moist deciduous forestAfrica
SugarcaneTropicalTropical moistTropical moist deciduous forestCentral and South America
SugarcaneTropicalTropical wetTropical rain forestAsia (continental, insular)
SugarcaneTropicalTropical wetTropical rain forestCentral and South America
SugarcaneSubtropicalWarm temperate drySubtropical steppeNorth America
SugarcaneSubtropicalWarm temperate moistSubtropical humid forestCentral and South America
SugarcaneSubtropicalWarm temperate moistSubtropical humid forestNorth America
Range Climate regi Land use (FLManagementInput (FI) Value
All Forest land w Native forest -- 1
1 All Forest land w Managed fores-- 1
2 Temperate/BorCropland (annFull-tillage Low 0.76
3 Temperate/BorCropland (annFull-tillage Medium 0.8
21 Temperate/BorCropland (annFull-tillage High with man 1.096
22 Temperate/BorCropland (annFull-tillage High without 0.832
23 Temperate/BorCropland (annReduced tillag Low 0.7752
24 Temperate/BorCropland (annReduced tillag Medium 0.816
25 Temperate/BorCropland (annReduced tillag High with man 1.11792
26 Temperate/BorCropland (annReduced tillag High without 0.84864
27 Temperate/BorCropland (annno tillage Low 0.836
28 Temperate/BorCropland (annno tillage Medium 0.88
29 Temperate/BorCropland (annno tillage High with man 1.2056
30 Temperate/BorCropland (annno tillage High without 0.9152
31 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Full-tillage Low 0.95
32 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Full-tillage Medium 1
33 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Full-tillage High with man 1.37
34 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Full-tillage High without 1.04
35 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag Low 0.969
36 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag Medium 1.02
37 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag High with man 1.3974
38 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag High without 1.0608
39 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro No till Low 1.045
40 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro No till Medium 1.1
41 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro No till High with man 1.507
42 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro No till High without 1.144
48 Temperate/BorGrassland incl Improved Medium 1.14
49 Temperate/BorGrassland incl. savannah High 1.2654
51 Temperate/BorGrassland incl Nominally ma Medium 1
52 Temperate/BorGrassland incl Moderately deMedium 0.95
58 Temperate/BorGrassland incl Severely degr Medium 0.7
59 Temperate/BorForest land w Shifting culti -- 1
61 Temperate/BorForest land w Shifting culti -- 1
62 Temperate/BorCropland (annFull-tillage Low 0.6348
68 Temperate/BorCropland (annFull-tillage Medium 0.69
69 Temperate/BorCropland (annFull-tillage High with man 0.9936
71 Temperate/BorCropland (annFull-tillage High without 0.7659
77 Temperate/BorCropland (annReduced tillag Low 0.685584
78 Temperate/BorCropland (annReduced tillag Medium 0.7452
80 Temperate/BorCropland (annReduced tillag High with man 1.073088
83 Temperate/BorCropland (annReduced tillag High without 0.827172
84 Temperate/BorCropland (annno tillage Low 0.73002
86 Temperate/BorCropland (annno tillage Medium 0.7935
87 Temperate/BorCropland (annno tillage High with man 1.14264
93 Temperate/BorCropland (annno tillage High without 0.880785
94 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Full-tillage Low 0.92
4 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Full-tillage Medium 1
5 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Full-tillage High with man 1.44
6 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Full-tillage High without 1.11
8 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag Low 0.9936
9 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag Medium 1.08
10 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag High with man 1.5552
11 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag High without 1.1988
12 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro No till Low 1.058
13 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro No till Medium 1.15
14 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro No till High with man 1.656
15 Temperate/BorPerennial Cro No till High without 1.2765
16 Temperate/BorGrassland incl Improved Medium 1.14
17 Temperate/BorGrassland incl. savannah High 1.2654
18 Temperate/BorGrassland incl Nominally ma Medium 1
19 Temperate/BorGrassland incl Moderately deMedium 0.95
20 Temperate/BorGrassland incl Severely degr Medium 0.7
43 Tropical Mont Grassland incl Improved Medium 1.16
44 Tropical Mont Grassland incl. savannah High 1.2876
45 Tropical Mont Grassland incl Nominally ma Medium 1
46 Tropical Mont Grassland incl Moderately deMedium 0.96
47 Tropical Mont Grassland incl Severely degr Medium 0.7
50 Tropical, dry Cropland (annFull-tillage Low 0.551
53 Tropical, dry Cropland (annFull-tillage Medium 0.58
54 Tropical, dry Cropland (annFull-tillage High with man 0.7946
55 Tropical, dry Cropland (annFull-tillage High without 0.6032
56 Tropical, dry Cropland (annReduced tillag Low 0.60059
57 Tropical, dry Cropland (annReduced tillag Medium 0.6322
60 Tropical, dry Cropland (annReduced tillag High with man 0.866114
63 Tropical, dry Cropland (annReduced tillag High without 0.657488
64 Tropical, dry Cropland (annno tillage Low 0.64467
65 Tropical, dry Cropland (annno tillage Medium 0.6786
66 Tropical, dry Cropland (annno tillage High with man 0.929682
67 Tropical, dry Cropland (annno tillage High without 0.705744
70 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro Full-tillage Low 0.95
72 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro Full-tillage Medium 1
73 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro Full-tillage High with man 1.37
74 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro Full-tillage High without 1.04
75 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro Reduced tillag Low 1.0355
76 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro Reduced tillag Medium 1.09
79 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro Reduced tillag High with man 1.4933
81 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro Reduced tillag High without 1.1336
82 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro No till Low 1.1115
85 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro No till Medium 1.17
88 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro No till High with man 1.6029
89 Tropical, dry Perennial Cro No till High without 1.2168
90 Tropical, dry Grassland incl Improved Medium 1.17
91 Tropical, dry Grassland incl. savannah High 1.2987
92 Tropical, dry Grassland incl Nominally ma Medium 1
95 Tropical, dry Grassland incl Moderately deMedium 0.97
96 Tropical, dry Grassland incl Severely degr Medium 0.7
97 Tropical, mois Forest land w Shifting culti -- 0.64
98 Tropical, mois Forest land w Shifting culti -- 0.8
99 Tropical, mois Cropland (annFull-tillage Low 0.4416
100 Tropical, mois Cropland (annFull-tillage Medium 0.48
101 Tropical, mois Cropland (annFull-tillage High with man 0.6912
102 Tropical, mois Cropland (annFull-tillage High without 0.5328
103 Tropical, mois Cropland (annReduced tillag Low 0.50784
104 Tropical, mois Cropland (annReduced tillag Medium 0.552
105 Tropical, mois Cropland (annReduced tillag High with man 0.79488
106 Tropical, mois Cropland (annReduced tillag High without 0.61272
107 Tropical, mois Cropland (annno tillage Low 0.538752
108 Tropical, mois Cropland (annno tillage Medium 0.5856
109 Tropical, mois Cropland (annno tillage High with man 0.843264
110 Tropical, mois Cropland (annno tillage High without 0.650016
111 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro Full-tillage Low 0.92
112 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro Full-tillage Medium 1
113 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro Full-tillage High with man 1.44
114 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro Full-tillage High without 1.11
115 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro Reduced tillag Low 1.058
116 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro Reduced tillag Medium 1.15
117 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro Reduced tillag High with man 1.656
118 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro Reduced tillag High without 1.2765
119 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro No till Low 1.1224
120 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro No till Medium 1.22
121 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro No till High with man 1.7568
122 Tropical, mois Perennial Cro No till High without 1.3542
123 Tropical, mois Grassland incl Improved Medium 1.17
124 Tropical, mois Grassland incl. savannah High 1.2987
125 Tropical, mois Grassland incl Nominally ma Medium 1
126 Tropical, mois Grassland incl Moderately deMedium 0.97
127 Tropical, mois Grassland incl Severely degr Medium 0.7
128 Tropical, mon Cropland (annFull-tillage Low 0.6016
129 Tropical, mon Cropland (annFull-tillage Medium 0.64
130 Tropical, mon Cropland (annFull-tillage High with man 0.9024
131 Tropical, mon Cropland (annFull-tillage High without 0.6912
132 Tropical, mon Cropland (annReduced tillag Low 0.655744
133 Tropical, mon Cropland (annReduced tillag Medium 0.6976
134 Tropical, mon Cropland (annReduced tillag High with man 0.983616
135 Tropical, mon Cropland (annReduced tillag High without 0.753408
136 Tropical, mon Cropland (annno tillage Low 0.697856
137 Tropical, mon Cropland (annno tillage Medium 0.7424
138 Tropical, mon Cropland (annno tillage High with man 1.046784
139 Tropical, mon Cropland (annno tillage High without 0.801792
140 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro Full-tillage Low 0.94
141 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro Full-tillage Medium 1
142 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro Full-tillage High with man 1.41
143 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro Full-tillage High without 1.08
144 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro Reduced tillag Low 1.0246
145 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro Reduced tillag Medium 1.09
146 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro Reduced tillag High with man 1.5369
147 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro Reduced tillag High without 1.1772
148 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro No till Low 1.0904
149 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro No till Medium 1.16
150 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro No till High with man 1.6356
151 Tropical, mon Perennial Cro No till High without 1.2528
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
161
165
166
167
168
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
All Cropland (annFull-tillage High with manure
Temperate/BorGrassland incl no tillage High without manure
Temperate/BorPerennial Cro Reduced tillag Low
Temperate/Boreal, moist/wet Medium
Tropical Montane, dry
Tropical, dry
Tropical, moist/dry
Tropical, moist/wet
Tropical, montane
Search FLU FMG FI Range Climate regi
AllForest lan 1 1 1 1 Boreal
AllForest lan 1 1 1 2 Boreal
Temperate/Bore 0.8 1 0.95 3 Boreal
Temperate/Bor 0.8 1 1 4 Boreal
Temperate/Bor 0.8 1 1.37 5 Cold temperat
Temperate/Bor 0.8 1 1.04 6 Cold temperat
Temperate/Bor 0.8 1.02 0.95 7 Cold temperat
Temperate/Bor 0.8 1.02 1 8 Cold temperat
Temperate/Bor 0.8 1.1 1 12 Cold temperat
Temperate/Bor 0.8 1.1 1.04 14 Tropical, dry
Temperate/Bore 1 1 0.95 15 Tropical, dry
Temperate/Bor 1 1 1 16 Tropical, dry
Temperate/Bor 1 1 1.37 17 Tropical, dry
Temperate/Bor 1 1 1.04 18 Tropical, mois
Temperate/Bor 1 1.02 0.95 19 Tropical, mois
Temperate/Bor 1 1.02 1 20 Tropical, mois
Temperate/Bor 1 1.02 1.37 21 Tropical, mois
Temperate/Bor 1 1.02 1.04 22 Tropical, mon
Temperate/Bor 1 1.1 1 24 Tropical, mon
Temperate/Bor 1 1.1 1.04 26 Tropical, wet
Temperate/Bor 1 1.14 1 27 Tropical, wet
Temperate/Bor 1 1.14 1.11 28 Tropical, wet
Temperate/Bor 1 1 1 29 Warm tempera
Temperate/Bor 1 0.95 1 30 Warm tempera
Temperate/Bor 1 0.7 1 31 Warm tempera
Temperate/Bore 1 1 1 32 Warm tempera
Temperate/Bore 1 1 1 33 Warm tempera
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1 0.92 34 Warm tempera
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1 1 35 Warm tempera
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1 1.44 36 Warm tempera
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1 1.11 37
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1.08 0.92 38
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1.08 1 39
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1.08 1.44 40
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1.08 1.11 41
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1.15 0.92 42
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1.15 1 43
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1.15 1.44 44
Temperate/Bor 0.69 1.15 1.11 45
Temperate/Bor 1 1 0.92 46
Temperate/Bor 1 1 1 47
Temperate/Bor 1 1.08 0.92 50
Temperate/Bor 1 1.08 1 51
Temperate/Bor 1 1 1 60
Tropical Mont 1 1.16 1 63
Tropical Mont 1 1.16 1.11 64
Tropical Mont 1 1 1 65
Tropical, dryC 0.58 1 0.95 68
Tropical, dryC 0.58 1 1 69
Tropical, dry 0.58 1.09 0.95 72
Tropical, dry 0.58 1.09 1 73
Tropical, dry 0.58 1.09 1.37 74
Tropical, dry 0.58 1.09 1.04 75
Tropical, dryC 0.58 1.17 0.95 76
Tropical, dryC 0.58 1.17 1 77
Tropical, dryC 0.58 1.17 1.37 78
Tropical, dryC 0.58 1.17 1.04 79
Tropical, dryP 1 1 0.95 80
Tropical, dryP 1 1 1 81
Tropical, dryP 1 1.09 0.95 84
Tropical, dry 1 1.09 1 85
Tropical, dry 1 1.09 1.37 86
Tropical, dry 1 1.09 1.04 87
Tropical, dryP 1 1.17 1 89
Tropical, dryG 1 1.17 1.11 93
Tropical, dry 1 1 1 94
Tropical, mois 1 1 0.64 97
Tropical, mois 0.48 1 0.92 99
Tropical, mois 0.48 1 1 100
Tropical, mois 0.48 1 1.44 101
Tropical, mois 0.48 1 1.11 102 Tropical, dry
Tropical, moi 0.48 1.15 0.92 103 Tropical, mois
Tropical, moi 0.48 1.15 1 104 Tropical, wet
Tropical, moi 0.48 1.15 1.44 105
Tropical, moi 0.48 1.15 1.11 106
Tropical, mois 0.48 1.22 0.92 107
Tropical, moi 0.48 1.22 1 108
Tropical, mois 0.48 1.22 1.44 109
Tropical, moi 0.48 1.22 1.11 110
Tropical, mois 1 1 1 112
Tropical, moi 1 1.15 0.92 115
Tropical, moi 1 1.15 1 116
Tropical, moi 1 1.15 1.44 117
Tropical, moi 1 1.15 1.11 118
Tropical, mois 1 1.22 0.92 119
Tropical, mois 1 1.22 1 120
Tropical, moi 1 1 1 125
Tropical, mont 0.64 1 0.94 128
Tropical, mon 0.64 1 1 129
Tropical, mont 0.64 1 1.41 130
Tropical, mon 0.64 1 1.08 131
Tropical, mon 0.64 1.09 0.94 132
Tropical, mon 0.64 1.09 1 133
Tropical, mon 0.64 1.09 1.41 134
Tropical, mon 0.64 1.09 1.08 135
Tropical, mon 0.64 1.16 0.94 136
Tropical, mon 0.64 1.16 1 137
Tropical, mon 0.64 1.16 1.41 138
Tropical, mon 0.64 1.16 1.08 139
Tropical, mont 1 1 0.94 140
Tropical, mon 1 1 1 141
Tropical, mon 1 1.09 0.94 144
Tropical, mon 1 1.09 1 145
Tropical, mon 1 1.09 1.41 146
Tropical, mon 1 1.09 1.08 147
Tropical, mont 1 1.16 0.94 148
Tropical, mon 1 1.16 1 149
Tropical, mon 1 1.16 1.41 150
Tropical, mon 1 1.16 1.08 151
Boreal
Cold temperat
Cold temperat
Tropical, dry
Tropical, moist
Tropical, montane
Tropical, wet
Warm temperate, dry
Warm temperate, moist
Soil Type SOCST Standard
Search
soil carbon t C/ha
High activity c 68 BorealHigh activity clay soils
Sandy soils 10 BorealSandy soils
Spodic soils 117 BorealSpodic soils
Volcanic soils 20 BorealVolcanic soils
High activity c 50 Cold temperate, dryHigh activity clay soils
Low activity cl 33 Cold temperate, dryLow activity clay soils
Sandy soils 34 Cold temperate, drySandy soils
Volcanic soils 20 Cold temperate, dryVolcanic soils
High activity c 95 Cold temperate, moistHigh activity clay soils
Low activity cl 85 Cold temperate, moistLow activity clay soils
Sandy soils 71 Cold temperate, moistSandy soils
Spodic soils 115 Cold temperate, moistSpodic soils
Volcanic soils 130 Cold temperate, moistVolcanic soils
High activity c 38 Tropical, dryHigh activity clay soils
Low activity cl 35 Tropical, dryLow activity clay soils
Sandy soils 31 Tropical, drySandy soils
Volcanic soils 50 Tropical, dryVolcanic soils
High activity c 65 Tropical, moistHigh activity clay soils
Low activity cl 47 Tropical, moistLow activity clay soils
Sandy soils 39 Tropical, moistSandy soils
Volcanic soils 70 Tropical, moistVolcanic soils
High activity c 88 Tropical, montaneHigh activity clay soils
Low activity cl 63 Tropical, montaneLow activity clay soils
Sandy soils 34 Tropical, montaneSandy soils
Volcanic soils 80 Tropical, montaneVolcanic soils
Low activity cl 60 Tropical, wetLow activity clay soils
Sandy soils 66 Tropical, wetSandy soils
Volcanic soils 130 Tropical, wetVolcanic soils
High activity c 38 Warm temperate, dryHigh activity clay soils
Low activity cl 24 Warm temperate, dryLow activity clay soils
Sandy soils 19 Warm temperate, drySandy soils
Volcanic soils 70 Warm temperate, dryVolcanic soils
High activity c 88 Warm temperate, moistHigh activity clay soils
Low activity cl 63 Warm temperate, moistLow activity clay soils
Sandy soils 34 Warm temperate, moistSandy soils
Volcanic soils 80 Warm temperate, moistVolcanic soils
High activity clay soils
Low activity clay soils
Sandy soils
Volcanic soils
High activity clay soils
Sandy soils
Spodic soils
Volcanic soils
Tropical, moist
Tropical, montane
Warm temperate, dry

Warm temperate, moist
Directory
Straight vegetable oil from soybeans
Overview results
Land use change
Direct land use change in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Cultivation
Cultivation of soybeans in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Processing
Oil extraction in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Oil refining in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Transports
Soybeans to oil extraction in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Soybean oil to oil refining in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
SVO to end user in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hasoybeans]
Fossil fuel comparator in [g CO2eq / MJfossil fuel]
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasoybeans]
GHG emission reduction in [%]
Input data per step

STEP 1 - GHG emissions from land use changes
Do direct land use changes occur (only user-defined)?
Which emissions arose from direct land use changes (only user-defined)?
Shall indirect land use changes be taken into account?
Which emissions arose from indirect land use changes?
STEP 2 - GHG emissions from cultivation

What is the soybean yield per ha per year?
Soybeans (water content 13,5%)
How much fertiliser is applied per ha per year?
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Manure (only user-defined)
How much pesticides are applied per ha per year?
Pesticides
How much diesel is used per ha per year?
Diesel
Diesel mix
How much seeding material is used per ha per year?
Soybean seeds
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of soybeans
What is the distance from the soybean field to oil extraction?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport soybeans?
How much fuel does this vehicle consume (only user-defined)?
What kind of fuel does this vehicle use?
STEP 4 - GHG emissions from oil extraction

How much soybean oil is produced from the soybeans?
Soybean oil
Which amounts of co-products are produced?
Soybean meal
Soybean meal - water content
What amounts of the following chemicals are applied?
Hexane
How much energy does the oil extraction consume?
Steam
Electricity
Electricity mix (only user-defined)
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of soybean oil (only user-defined)
What is the distance from the oil mill to refining plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport soybean oil?
STEP 6 - GHG emissions from oil refining

How much SVO is produced from soybean oil?
SVO
Fuller's earth
How much energy does the refining consume?
Steam
Electricity
STEP 7 - GHG emissions from transport of SVO to end user
What is the distance from refining plant to end user?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport SVO?

Is there any additional transportation (only user-defined)?

Transport 1 - distance
Transport 1 - vehicle type
Transport 1 - fuel type
Calculation of GHG emissions

Land use change
Cultivation
Fertiliser - emissions from production
N-fertiliser (kg N)
P2O5-fertiliser (kg P2O5)
K2O-fertiliser (kg K2O)
CaO-fertiliser (kg CaO)
Fertiliser - field emissions
N2O field emissions
Manure emissions
Pesticides
Diesel
Soybean seeds
Transport
Soybeans to oil extraction
Soybeans to oil extraction (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil extraction
Hexane
Steam
Electricity
Sum cultivation & oil extraction
Transport
Soybean oil to oil refining (only user-defined)
Soybean oil to oil refining (only user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil refining
Fuller's earth
Steam
Electricity
Sum refining plant
Transport
SVO to end user
SVO to end user (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Transport 1 (only user-defined)
Allocation factors
Oil extraction
Soybean oil - amount
Soybean oil
Soybean meal - amount
Soybean meal
Refining plant
SVO - amount
SVO soybeans
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per hectare
Totals allocated per MJSVO

Drop down menue
2010
2020
Diesel East Europe
Diesel South America
Diesel others
Gasoline
HFO for maritime transport
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Ocean bulk carrier (fuel oil)
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belarus
Benin
Bolivia
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Chile
China (PR)
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Congo (DR)
Congo (Rep.)
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabun
Georgia
Ghana
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Ivory Coast
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea North
Korea South
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Lebanon
Libya
Malaysia
Mexico
Moldova
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands Antilles
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Oman
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other Latin America
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Qatar
Russia
Saudi-Arabia
Senegal
Singapore
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Taipei
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
Uruguay
USA
Uzbekistan
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Biofuel GreenHouse Gas Calcula
Directory About Background data Lookup table Diagrams
Setting 1 User-defined
Argentina
Smallholders
Low mechanisation
No tillage
2010 2010
Please enter all input data!

0 Please enter all input data!
7.1 Please enter all input data!


19.9 0.0
337 0
83.8 83.8
63.9 0.0
1,113 0
76.2% 0.0%
If land use changes occur, go to sheet 'Land use change' and calculate respective GHG emission. Enter emis
No No
0 0 g CO2eq per MJfuel
2.80 t ha per year
10.0 kg N per ha per year

23.0 kg P2O5 per ha per year
0 kg K2O per ha per year
0 kg CaO per ha per year
kg manure per ha per year
1.25 kg per ha per year
37.9 l per ha per year

Diesel South America Diesel South America
80 kg per ha per year
400 km
40t 40t
l per tkm

170 kg per t soybeans
800 kg per t soybeans

18.0% %
0.5 kg per t soybeans
1,236 MJ per t soybeans

78.1 kWh per t soybeans
Argentina
km
40t
l per tkm
960 kg per t soybean oil
6.00 kg per t soybean oil
281 MJ per t soybean oil

6.0 kWh per t soybean oil
Argentina
150 km
40t 40t
l per tkm
km
40t
Diesel others
km
40t
Diesel others
0 0 g CO2eq per ha per year (allocated)

0 g CO2eq per ha per year
59,411 0 g CO2eq per ha per year

0 0 g CO2eq per ha per year






17,422 0 MJ per ha
37.5% 0.0% %
28,993 0 MJ per ha
62.5% 0.0% %
16,908 0 MJ per ha
100.0% 100.0% %
337 0 kg CO2eq per ha per year
20 0 g CO2eq per MJSVO

e Gas Calculator
okup table Diagrams References
References
Scenario 1
Argentina
Smallholders
Low mechanisation
No tillage
2010
References
COM(2012)595
INTA 2011
INTA 2011
INTA 2011
INTA 2011
INTA 2011
!! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!
Fehrenbach et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
INTA 2011
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
INTA 2011
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Directory
Biodiesel from soybeans

Setting 2
Argentina
Smallholders
Low mechanisation
No tillage
2010
Overview results
Land use change
Direct land use change in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 0
Cultivation
Cultivation of soybeans in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 6.6
Processing
Oil extraction in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 8.5
Biodiesel plant in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 10.1
Transports
Soybeans to oil extraction in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 2.4
Soybean oil to biodiesel plant in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 0.0
FAME to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 0.4
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 28.0
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hasoybeans] 469
Fossil fuel comparator in [g CO2eq / MJfossil fuel] 83.8
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 55.8

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasoybeans] 933
GHG emission reduction in [%] 66.5%
Input data per step

If land use changes occur, go to sheet

No
0
What is the soybean yield per ha per year?
Soybeans (water content 13,5%) 2.80
N-fertiliser 10.00
P2O5-fertiliser 23.0
K2O-fertiliser 0
CaO-fertiliser 0
Pesticides 1.25
Diesel 37.9
Diesel mix Diesel South America
Soybean seeds 80.0
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of soybeans
What is the distance from the soybean field to oil extraction?
400
What kind of vehicle is used to transport soybeans?
40t

STEP 4 - GHG emissions from drying, storage, oil extraction
How much soybean oil is produced from the soybeans?
Soybean oil 170
Soybean meal 800
Soybean meal - water content 18.0%
Hexane 0.50
How much energy do the processes consume?
Steam 1,236
Electricity 78.1
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of soybean oil (only user-defined)
What is the distance from soybean oil extraction to biodiesel plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport soybean oil?
STEP 6 - GHG emissions from biodiesel plant - refining & esterification

How much FAME is produced from soybean oil?
FAME 950
Process residues (fatty acids) 45.0
Glycerol 111
Glycerol - water content 15.0%
Fuller's earth 6.00
Methanol 104
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 1.00
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 5.70
How much energy does the biodiesel plant consume?
Steam 1,573
Electricity 49.7
STEP 7 - GHG emissions from transport of FAME to filling station
What is the distance from biodiesel plant to filling station?
150
What kind of vehicle is used to transport FAME?
40t


Land use change
Indirect land use change 0
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N) 59,411
P2O5-fertiliser (kg P2O5) 23,395
K2O-fertiliser (kg K2O) 0
CaO-fertiliser (kg CaO) 0
N2O field emissions 62,282
Manure emissions
Pesticides 13,870
Diesel 119,594
Soybean seeds 39,102
Transport
Soybeans to oil extraction 116,514
Soybeans to oil extraction (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil extraction
Hexane 5,088
Steam 334,879
Electricity 70,195
Sum cultivation & oil extraction 844,330
Transport
Soybean oil to biodiesel plant (only user-defined)
Soybean oil to biodiesel plant (only user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Biodiesel plant (refining & esterification)
Fuller's earth 571
Methanol 99,055
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 1,454
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 1,287
Steam 72,469
Electricity 7,601
Sum biodiesel plant 182,437
Transports
FAME to filling station 7,059
FAME to filling station (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Allocation factors
Oil extraction
Soybean oil - amount 17,422
Soybean oil 38%
Soybean meal - amount 28,993
Soybean meal 62%
Biodiesel plant
FAME - amount 16,738
FAME soybeans 93%
Fatty acids - amount 643
Fatty acids 4%
Glycerol - amount 694
Glycerol 4%
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per hectare 469
Totals allocated per MJFAME 28.0
Drop down menue

2010
2020
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belarus
Benin
Bolivia
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Chile
China (PR)
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Congo (DR)
Congo (Rep.)
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabun
Georgia
Ghana
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Ivory Coast
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Korea North
Korea South
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Lebanon
Libya
Malaysia
Mexico
Moldova
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nepal
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Oman
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other Latin America
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Qatar
Russia
Saudi-Arabia
Senegal
Singapore
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Taipei
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Uruguay
USA
Uzbekistan
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Argentina Argentina Argentina

High rate of mechanisation High rate of mechanisation High inputs (irrigation)
Tillage No tillage No tillage
2010 2010 2020
0 0 0
5.9 7.4 5.8
8.5 8.5 8.4

10.1 10.1 10.1
0.8 1.1 0.8

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.4 0.4
25.8 27.5 25.5
555 741 604
83.8 83.8 83.8
58.0 56.3 58.3

1,248 1,513 1,380
69.2% 67.1% 69.5%
anges occur, go to sheet 'Land use change' and calculate respective GHG emission. Enter emissions manually in line 38.
No No No
0 0 0
3.60 4.50 3.96
4.40 14.00 4.84

21.0 78.0 23.1
0 0 0
0 0 0
1.25 1.25 1.25
75.7 84.7 83.3

Diesel South America Diesel South America Diesel South America
80.0 80.0 80.0
140 190 140
40t 40t 40t

170 170 170
800 800 800

18.0% 18.0% 18.0%
0.50 0.50 0.50
1,236 1,236 1,236

78.1 78.1 78.1
950 950 950
45.0 45.0 45.0

111 111 111
15.0% 15.0% 15.0%
6.00 6.00 6.00

104 104 104
1.00 1.00 1.00
5.70 5.70 5.70
1,573 1,573 1,573

49.7 49.7 49.7
150 150 150
40t 40t 40t
0 0 0
26,141 83,175 27,317

21,361 79,339 23,497
0 0 0
0 0 0
27,404 87,195 30,144
13,870 13,870 13,870

239,188 267,408 263,281
39,102 39,102 39,102
52,394 88,946 57,671

6,542 8,177 7,196
430,559 538,198 473,614
90,251 112,813 89,348
946,810 1,318,224 1,025,041
734 918 807

127,357 159,196 140,093
1,869 2,337 2,056
1,655 2,069 1,821
93,174 116,468 102,492
9,772 12,215 9,674
234,562 293,202 256,943
9,076 11,345 9,991
22,399 27,999 24,639

38% 38% 38%
37,276 46,596 41,004
62% 62% 62%
21,521 26,901 23,673

93% 93% 93%
826 1,033 909
4% 4% 4%
893 1,116 982
4% 4% 4%
555 741 604
25.8 27.5 25.5

Calculator
Diagrams References
Setting 6 Setting 7 User-defined
Argentina Argentina
High rate of mechanisation High rate of mechanisation
Tillage No tillage
2020 2020 2010

0 0 Please enter all input data!
5.8 7.3 Please enter all input data!


25.5 27.3 0.0
604 807 0
83.8 83.8 83.8
58.3 56.5 0.0

1,380 1,672 0
69.5% 67.4% 0.0%
nter emissions manually in line 38.
No No No
0 0 0
3.96 4.95
4.84 15.40
23.1 85.8
0 0
0 0
1.25 1.25
83.3 94.2
80.0 80.0
140 190
40t 40t 40t

170 170
800 800
18.0% 18.0%
0.50 0.50
1,236 1,236
78.1 78.1
Argentina
40t
950 950
45.0 45.0
111 111
15.0% 15.0%
6.00 6.00
104 104
1.00 1.00
5.70 5.70
1,573 1,573
49.7 49.7
Argentina
150 150
40t 40t 40t
40t
Diesel others

0 0 0
0
27,317 86,918 0
23,497 87,273 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
30,144 95,914 0
0
13,870 13,870 0
263,281 297,504 0
39,102 39,102 0
57,671 97,905 0
0
7,196 8,995 0
473,614 592,018 0
89,348 111,685 0
1,025,041 1,431,185 0
0
0
807 1,009 0
140,093 175,116 0
2,056 2,570 0
1,821 2,276 0
102,492 128,115 0
9,674 12,093 0
256,943 321,178 0
9,991 12,488 0
0
0
0
24,639 30,799 0
38% 38% 0%
41,004 51,255 0
62% 62% 0%
23,673 29,591 0
92.6% 92.6% 0.0%
909 1,136 0
3.6% 3.6% 0.0%
982 1,227 0
3.8% 3.8% 0.0%
604 807 0
25.5 27.3 0.0

g CO2eq per MJfuel
t per ha per year
kg N per ha per year

kg P2O5 per ha per year
kg K2O per ha per year
kg CaO per ha per year
kg manure per ha per year !! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!
kg per ha per year
l per ha per year
kg per ha per year
km
l per tkm !! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!

kg per t soybeans
kg per t soybeans
%
kg per t soybeans
MJ per t soybeans
kWh per t soybeans
km
l per tkm
kg per t soybean oil

%

MJ per t soybean oil

kWh per t soybean oil
km
km
km
g CO2eq per ha per year (allocated)

g CO2eq per ha per year






MJ per ha
%
MJ per ha
%
MJ per ha
%
MJ per ha
%
MJ per ha
%
g CO2eq per MJFAME

References
Setting 2 Setting 3
Argentina Argentina
Low mechanisation High rate of mechanisation
No tillage Tillage
2010 2010
References
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
INTA 2011 INTA 2011
INTA 2011 INTA 2011

INTA 2011 INTA 2011
INTA 2011 INTA 2011
INTA 2011 INTA 2011
AL OPTION !!
Fehrenbach et al. 2007 Fehrenbach et al. 2007
IFEU/UU 2011b IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al. 2007

IFEU 2011b IFEU 2011b
van Dam et al. 2009a van Dam et al. 2009a
INTA 2011 INTA 2011
AL OPTION !!


IFEU 2011a IFEU 2011a

AL OPTION !!
INTA 2011 INTA 2011
IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et al. 2008 IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-database (version 31-7 IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-database (version 31-7

IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al. 2007 IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al. 2007
IFEU 2011 based on INTA 2011 and IFEU 2011a IFEU 2011 based on INTA 2011 and IFEU 2011a
AL OPTION !!

AL OPTION !!
Setting 4 Setting 5
Argentina Argentina
High rate of mechanisation High inputs (irrigation)
No tillage No tillage
2010 2020
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
INTA 2011 IFEU/UU 2011b
INTA 2011 IFEU 2011 based on INTA 2011

INTA 2011 INTA 2011



INTA 2011 INTA 2011
IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-database (version 31-7 IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-database (version 31-7


Setting 6 Setting 7
Argentina Argentina
High rate of mechanisation High rate of mechanisation
Tillage No tillage
2020 2020
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011b IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on INTA 2011 IFEU 2011 based on INTA 2011
INTA 2011 INTA 2011



INTA 2011 INTA 2011
IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-database (version 31-7 IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-database (version 31-7-2008)


version 31-7-2008)
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Final version December 2012
Director
Ethanol from sugarcane
Overview results
Land use change
Direct land use change in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH]
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH]
Cultivation
Cultivation of sugarcane in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH]
Processing
Ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH]
Transports
Sugarcane to ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH]
Ethanol to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH]
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hasugarcane]
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH]

Input data per step


What is the sugarcane yield per ha per year?
Sugarcane
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Filter mud cake (returned to field from ethanol plant)
Vinasse (returned to field from ethanol plant)
Pesticides
Diesel
Diesel mix
How much energy is used for irrigation per ha per year?
Diesel
Diesel mix
Sugarcane cuttings
Lifetime plantation
Is trash burned?
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of sugarcane
What is the distance from the sugarcane field to ethanol plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport sugarcane?

STEP 4 - GHG emissions from ethanol plant

How much ethanol is produced from sugarcane?
Ethanol
Filter mud cake (water content 75%) - returned to field
Vinasse (water content 75%) - returned to field
Bagasse - internal combustion for process and surplus energy
Bagasse - water content
Lime
Cyclo-hexane
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
Lubricants
How much energy does the ethanol plant consume?
Steam (internal production from bagasse combustion)
Electricity (internal production from bagasse combustion)
Is surplus electricity produced from bagasse?
Amount of surplus electricity produced

Amount of bagasse allocated to surplus electricity
Efficiency of internal electricity production (only user-defined)
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of ethanol to filling station
What is the distance from the ethanol plant to filling station?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport ethanol?


Land use change
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N)
N2O field emissions
Filter mud cake
Vinasse
Manure emissions
Pesticides
Diesel
Irrigation
Emissions trash burning
Sugarcane cuttings
Transport
Sugarcane to ethanol plant
Sugarcane to ethanol plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Ethanol plant
Lime
Cyclo-hexane
Lubricants
Sum cultivation + ethanol plant
Transport
Ethanol to filling station
Ethanol to filling station (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Complementary calculation - surplus bagasse

Efficiency of internal electricity production
Total electricity from internal bagasse use
Surplus electricity
Bagasse allocated to surplus electricity
Allocation factors
Ethanol plant
Ethanol - amount
Ethanol
Bagasse - amount
Bagasse
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJEtOH

Drop down menue
2010
2020
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
No external electricity
Brazil Brazil Mozambique

Centralised (w. outgrowers) Centralised (w. outgrowers) Centralised (w. outgrowers)
Mechanised harvesting Manual harvesting
No irrigation Irrigation No irrigation
Intermediate inputs High inputs Intermediate inputs
Surplus bagasse into electricity Surplus bagasse into electricity Surplus bagasse into electricity
2010 2010 2010
0 0 0
7.3 6.5 9.2
0.5 0.5 0.6
2.2 2.2 2.7

0.8 0.8 0.8
10.8 10.0 13.3
1,246 1,732 1,953
83.8 83.8 83.8
73.0 73.8 70.5

8,457 12,824 10,339
87.2% 88.1% 84.1%
If land use changes occur, go to sheet 'Land use change' and calculate respective GHG emission. Enter emission
No No No
0 0 0
60.0 90.0 76.0
50.9 76.4 64.5

32.1 48.1 40.6
87.3 131.0 110.6
321 481 406
3,000 4,500 3,800
71,074 106,611 90,027
2.00 2.00 2.00
49.3 16.4 62.4

Diesel South America Diesel South America Diesel others
0 10 0
571 571 571

7 7 7
No No Yes
50 50 50
40t 40t 40t

72.0 72.0 72.0
50.0 50.0 50.0

1,185 1,185 1,185
280 280 280
50.0% 50.0% 50.0%
0.9 0.9 0.9

0.0547 0.0547 0.0547
0.825 0.825 0.825
0.01 0.01 0.01
1,000 1,000 1,000

30.0 30.0 30.0
Yes Yes No
28.6 28.6 0.0
56 56 0
200 200 200
40t 40t 40t

0 0 0
302,503 453,755 383,171

32,603 48,904 41,297
50,967 76,450 64,558
41,848 62,772 53,007
317,121 475,682 401,687

53,999 80,999 68,399
36,844 55,266 46,669
22,192 22,192 22,192

155,538 51,846 199,039
0 31,576 0
0 0 54,041
13,974 13,974 13,974
312,091 468,136 399,377
57,657 86,485 73,032

2,372 3,558 3,004
10,407 15,610 13,182
760 1,140 962
1,410,875 1,948,344 1,837,591
89,863 134,795 114,997
10% 10% 10%

211 211 211
103 103 0
20% 20% 0%
115,795 173,693 146,674

82% 82% 100%
25,467 38,201 0
18% 18% 0%
1,246 1,732 1,953
10.8 10.0 13.3

se Gas Calculator
Lookup table Diagrams References
Mozambique Brazil
Irrigation No irrigation
High inputs Intermediate inputs
2010 2020
0 0
9.3 7.2
0.6 0.5
2.7 2.2
0.8 0.8
13.4 10.6
2,590 1,295
83.8 83.8
70.4 73.2
13,583 8,894
84.0% 87.3%
G emission. Enter emissions manually in line 38.
No No
0 0
100.0 63.0
84.9 53.5
53.4 33.7
145.6 91.7
534 337
5,000 3,150
118,456 74,628
2.00 2.00
82.1 51.7
Diesel others Diesel South America
10 0
571 571
7 7
Yes No
50 50
40t 40t
72.0 72.0
50.0 50.0
1,185 1,185
280 280
50.0% 50.0%
0.9 0.9
0.0547 0.0547
0.825 0.825
0.01 0.01
1,000 1,000
30.0 30.0
No Yes
0.0 28.6
0 56
200 200
40t 40t

0 0
504,172 301,747
54,338 34,233
84,945 53,515
69,746 43,940
528,536 332,978
89,999 56,699
61,407 38,686
22,192 22,192
261,894 163,423
31,901 0
71,106 0
13,974 13,974
525,496 327,913
96,095 60,540
3,953 2,490
17,345 10,927
1,266 798
2,438,363 1,464,055
151,311 94,419
10% 10%
211 211
0 103
0% 20%
192,992 121,585
100% 82%
0 26,741
0% 18%
2,590 1,295
13.4 10.6
Brazil Mozambique
Highly mechanised harvesting
2020 2020
0 0
7.2 7.5
0.5 0.5
2.2 2.2
0.8 0.8
10.7 11.1
1,953 1,282
83.8 83.8
73.1 72.7
13,330 8,422
87.2% 86.8%
No No
0 0
94.5 60.0
80.2 50.9
50.5 32.1
137.6 87.3
505 321
4,725 3,000
111,941 71,074
2.00 2.00
77.6 65.5
Diesel South America Diesel others
10 0
571 571
7 7
No No
50 50
40t 40t
72.0 72.0
50.0 50.0
1,185 1,185
280 280
50.0% 50.0%
0.9 0.9
0.0547 0.0547
0.825 0.825
0.01 0.01
1,000 1,000
30.0 30.0
Yes Yes
28.6 28.6
56 56
200 200
40t 40t

0 0
452,620 287,378
51,349 32,603
80,273 50,967
65,910 41,848
499,466 317,121
85,049 53,999
58,029 36,844
22,192 22,192
245,135 209,130
31,597 0
0 0
13,974 13,974
491,869 315,507
90,809 57,657
3,735 2,372
16,391 10,407
1,197 760
2,209,597 1,452,758
141,629 90,847
10% 10%
211 211
103 103
20% 20%
182,377 115,795
82% 82%
40,111 25,467
18% 18%
1,953 1,282
10.7 11.1
Mozambique
Irrigation
High inputs
Surplus bagasse into electricity
2020 2010


10.7 0.0
2,172 0
83.8 83.8
73.1 0.0
14,809 0
87.2% 0.0%
No No
105.0 t per ha per year

152.8 kg K2O per ha per year
561 kg CaO per ha per year
5,250 kg per ha per year
124,379 l per ha per year

10 l per ha per year

571 kg per ha per yea

7 years
No No
50 km
40t 40t
l per tkm
72.0 kg per t sugarcane

1,185 l per t sugarcane
280 kg per t sugarcane
50.0% %

1,000 MJ per t sugarcane

30.0 kWh per t sugarcane
Yes Yes
28.6 0.0 kWh per t sugarcane
56 0 kg per t sugarcane
%
200 km
40t 40t
l per tkm
km
40t
Diesel others
km




0

2,456,317 0 g CO2eq per ha per year
10% 10% %
211 0 MJ per t sugarcane
103 0 MJ per t sugarcane
20% 0% %
202,641 0 MJ per ha
82% 0% %
44,568 0 MJ per ha
18% 0% %
2,172 0 kg CO2eq per ha per year
10.7 0.0 g CO2eq per MJEtOH

References
Setting 8
Brazil
No irrigation
Intermediate inputs
2010
References
2 eq per ha per year
COM(2012)595
Herreras 2011
per ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al.2007

O5 per ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al.2007
O per ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al.2007
O per ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al.2007
IFEU 2011 based on Franke et al. 2010
IFEU 2011 based on Macedo 2005
nure per ha per year !! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!
Fehrenbach et al.2007
IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach 2007

IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Macedo 2004
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
r t sugarcane IFEU 2011 based on Macedo 2004
r t sugarcane Franke et al. 2010

r t sugarcane Macedo 2004


per t sugarcane IFEU 2011 based on Macedo 2008
IFEU 2011b
per t sugarcane IFEU 2011a
r t sugarcane IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
eq per ha per year (allocated)
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year

eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year

eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year

eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
eq per ha per year
r t sugarcane
r t sugarcane
O2eq per ha per year
2 eq per MJEtOH
Brazil Mozambique
Manual harvesting Mechanised harvesting
2010 2010
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
Herreras 2011 de Vries et al. 2011
IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al.2007 IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al.2007
IFEU 2011 based on Franke et al. 2011 IFEU 2011 based on Franke et al. 2012
IFEU 2011 based on Macedo 2006 IFEU 2011 based on Macedo 2007
Fehrenbach et al.2007 Fehrenbach et al.2007
IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach 2007 IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach 2007


Macedo 2004 Macedo 2004

Franke et al. 2010 Franke et al. 2010



Mozambique Brazil
Mechanised harvesting Mechanised harvesting
2010 2020
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
de Vries et al. 2011 IFEU/UU 2011b






Brazil Mozambique
Highly mechanised harvesting
2020 2020
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595






Setting 17
Mozambique
Irrigation
High inputs
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach et al.2007

IFEU 2011 based on Franke et al. 2017
IFEU 2011 based on Fehrenbach 2007

IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Macedo 2004
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Franke et al. 2010

Macedo 2011


IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
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X
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X
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Directory
First and second generation ethanol from sugarcane
Overview results
Land use change
Direct land use change in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH1&2]
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH1&2]
Cultivation
Cultivation of sugarcane in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH1&2]
Processing
Ethanol plant (1st and 2nd generation) in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH1&2]
Transports
Sugarcane to ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH1&2]
Ethanol to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH1&2]
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH1&2]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hasugarcane]
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH1&2]

Input data per step


What is the sugarcane yield per ha per year?
Sugarcane
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Filter mud cake (returned to field from ethanol plant)
Vinasse (returned to field from ethanol plant)
Pesticides
Diesel
Diesel mix
How much energy is used for irrigation per ha per year?
Diesel
Diesel mix
Sugarcane cuttings
Lifetime plantation
Is trash burned?
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of sugarcane
What is the distance from the sugarcane field to ethanol plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport sugarcane?

STEP 4a - GHG emissions from ethanol plant - 1st generation ethanol from juice
How much ethanol is produced from sugarcane juice?
1st generation ethanol
Filter mud cake - returned to field
Vinasse (water content 75%) - returned to field
Total bagasse - internal combustion for process energy; surplus into EtOH2
Surplus bagasse for EtOH2
Bagasse - water content
Lime
Cyclo-hexane
Lubricants
Steam (internal production from bagasse combustion)
Efficiency of internal steam production (only user-defined)
Electricity (internal production from bagasse combustion)
STEP 4b - GHG emissions from ethanol plant - 2nd generation ethanol from surplus bagasse
How much ethanol is produced from surplus bagasse?
2nd generation ethanol
Gypsum
Lignin-containing biomass - internal combustion for process and surplus energy
Lignin-containing biomass - water content
Stillage - internal combustion for process and surplus energy
Stillage - water content
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Enzymes (cellulase)
Nutrients
Steam (internal production from co-product combustion)
Electricity (internal production from co-product combustion)
Is surplus electricity produced from the co-products?

Amount of co-products allocated to surplus electricity


Land use change
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N)
N2O field emissions
Filter mud cake
Vinasse
Manure emissions
Pesticides
Diesel
Irrigation
Emissions trash burning
Sugarcane cuttings
Transports
Sugarcane to ethanol plant
Sugarcane to ethanol plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Ethanol plant - 1st generation ethanol
Lime
Cyclo-hexane
Lubricants
Ethanol plant - 2nd generation ethanol
Enzymes (Cellulase)
Nutrients
Sum cultivation + ethanol plant
Transport
Complementary calculation - surplus bagasse for EtOH2

Efficiency of internal heat production
Total heat from internal bagasse use
Surplus heat
Surplus bagasse based on surplus heat
Complementary calculation - surplus co-products from EtOH2 (lignin containing biomass & stillage)
Total electricity from internal co-product use
Surplus electricity
Co-products allocated to surplus electricity
Allocation factors
Ethanol plant
Ethanol - amount
Ethanol
Lignin containing biomass - amount
Lignin containing biomass
Stillage - amount
Stillage EtOH2
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJEtOH1&2

Drop down menue
2020
2030
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
l from sugarcane
Brazil Brazil
Mechanised harvesting Highly mechanised harvesting, high inputs
Irrigation Irrigation
Surplus bagasse into EtOH2 Surplus bagasse into EtOH2
2020 2030 2020


12.4 12.3 0.0
2,534 2,635 0
83.8 83.8 83.8
71.4 71.5 0.0

14,577 15,332 0
85.2% 85.3% 0.0%
No No No
0 0 0
94.5 99.2
80.2 84.2
50.5 53.0
138 144
505 530
4,725 4,961
111,941 117,538
2.00 2.00
77.6 81.5
10.0 10.0
571 571
7 7
No No No
50 50
40t 40t 40t

hanol from juice
72.0 72.0
50.0 50.0
1,185 1,185
280 280
59 59 0
50.0% 50.0%
0.9 0.9
0.0547 0.0547
0.825 0.825
0.013 0.013
1,000 1,000
30.0 30.0
hanol from surplus bagasse
8.6 8.6
2.5 2.5
12.3 12.3
50.0% 50.0%
2.0 2.0
40.0% 40.0%
1.16 1.16
0.77 0.77
0.20 0.20
0.53 0.53
69.7 69.7
3.0 3.0
Yes Yes Yes

7 7 0
6.3 6.3 0.0
200 200
40t 40t 40t
40t
Diesel others

0 0 0
0
452,620 451,489 0
51,349 53,917 0
80,273 84,286 0
65,910 69,206 0
499,466 524,440 0
85,049 89,301 0
58,029 60,931 0
0
22,192 22,192 0
245,135 257,392 0
31,597 31,597 0
0 0 0
13,974 13,974 0
491,869 516,462 0
0
90,809 95,350 0
3,735 3,922 0
16,391 17,211 0
1,197 1,256 0
23,014 24,164 0
71,290 74,855 0
39,081 41,035 0
102,566 107,694 0
2,445,548 2,540,674 0
158,571 166,499 0
0
0
0
60% 60% 60%

1,265 1,265 0
265 265 0
21% 21% 0%
gnin containing biomass & stillage)

25% 25% 25%
36 36 0
25 25 0
44% 44% 0%
204,193 214,403 0
97.1% 97.1% 0.0%
5,151 5,408 0
2.5% 2.5% 0.0%
843 885 0
0.4% 0.4% 0.0%
2,534 2,635 0
12.4 12.3 0.0

e Gas Calculator
emission. Enter emissions manually in line 37.
g CO2eq per MJfuel
t per ha per year

kg per ha per year
l per ha per year
kg per ha per year
l per ha per year
l per ha per year
kg per ha per year

years
km
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
l per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
%
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
MJ per t sugarcane
% !! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!
kWh per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
%
kg per t sugarcane
%
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
kg per t sugarcane
MJ per t sugarcane
kWh per t sugarcane
kWh per t sugarcane

kg per t sugarcane
km
km
km







%
MJ per t sugarcane
MJ per t sugarcane
%
%
MJ per t sugarcane
MJ per t sugarcane
%
MJ per ha
%
MJ per ha
%
MJ per ha
%
g CO2eq per MJEtOH1&2

References
Brazil Brazil
Mechanised harvesting Highly mechanised harvesting, high inputs
Irrigation Irrigation
Surplus bagasse into EtOH2 Surplus bagasse into EtOH2
2020 2030
References
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
AL OPTION !!



AL OPTION !!

AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2007 IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2007

AL OPTION !!
AL OPTION !!

AL OPTION !!
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Directory
Straight vegetable oil from palm oil

Setting 18
Indonesia
Snallholders
Intermediate inputs
No POME use
2010
Overview results
Land use change
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 0
Cultivation
Cultivation of FFBs in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 11.28
Processing
Oil mill in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 31.66
Refining plant in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 0.99
Transports
FFB to oil mill in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 0.25
Palm oil to refining plant in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 0.30
SVO to end user in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 0.57
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 45
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / haoil palm] 5,283
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJSVO] 38.7

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haoil palm] 4,543
Input data per step

If land use changes occur, go to sheet 'Land

No
0
What is the FFB yield per ha per year?
FFB 16.0
N-fertiliser 80.0
K2O-fertiliser 192
CaO-fertiliser 64.0
EFB (returned to field from oil mill) 3,040
Pesticides 10.0
How much diesel is used per ha per year (only user-defined)?
Diesel
Diesel mix
Oil palm seedlings 10.0
Lifetime plantation 25
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of FFB
What is the distance from the oil palm plantation to oil mill?
7
What kind of vehicle is used to transport FFBs?
10t

Diesel others
STEP 4 - GHG emissions from oil mill
How much CPO is produced from the FFB?
CPO 210
Palm kernels 50.0
Palm kernels - water content 6.5%
EFBs - returned to field 190
Fibers - internal combustion for process and surplus energy 130
Fibers - water content 17.5%
How much energy does the oil mill consume?
Fuel oil 2.00
Steam (internal production from fiber combustion) 630
Electricity (internal production from fiber combustion) 21.0
Is surplus electricity produced from fibers?
No
Amount of surplus electricity produced 0
Amount of fibers allocated to surplus electricity 0.0
How much external energy does the oil mill consume? (only user-defined)
Fuel oil
Electricity from grid
Electricity mix
Is methane from POME captured?
No
Is the captured methane used for biogas production?
No
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of CPO
What is the distance from the oil mill to refining plant?
100
What kind of vehicle is used to transport CPO?
40t

Diesel others
How much SVO is produced from CPO ?
SVO 953
Fuller's earth 6.00
Steam 281
Electricity 6.00
200
40t

Diesel others

Land use change
Cultivation
K2O-fertiliser (kg K2O) 112,045
CaO-fertiliser (kg CaO) 8,356
EFB storage and field emissions 239,180
Manure emissions
Pesticides 110,959
Diesel 0
Oil palm seedlings 4,989
Transport
FFB to oil mill 32,740
FFB to oil mill (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil mill
Fuel oil 97,744
Electricity - external energy consumption (only user-defined)
POME emissions 4,108,016
Sum cultivation & oil mill 5,736,398
Transport
Palm oil to refining plant 35,313
Palm oil to refining plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil refining
Fuller's earth 4,030
Steam 91,301
Electricity 20,804
Sum refining plant 151,449
Transport
SVO to end user 67,342
Complementary calculation - surplus fibers from oil mill

Efficiency of internal electricity production 25%
Total electricity from internal fiber use 496
Surplus electricity 0
Fibers allocated to surplus electricity 0%
Allocation factors
Oil mill
Palm oil - amount 122,976
Palm oil 88%
Palm kernels - amount 16,329
Palm kernels 12%
Surplus fibers - amount 0
Fibers 0%
Methane from POME use - amount 0
Methane from POME use 0%
Refining plant
SVO - amount 117,256
SVO oil palm 100%
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per hectare 5,283
Totals allocated per MJSVO 45
Drop down menue

2010
2020
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Argentina
Australia
Bangladesh
Bolivia
Brazil
Brunei
Cambodia
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
India
Indonesia
Jamaica
Malaysia
Mexico
Myanmar
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Directory About Background data Lookup table Diagrams R
User-defined
2010



0
83.8
0.0
0
0.0%
changes occur, go to sheet 'Land use change' and calculate respective GHG emission. Enter emissions manually in line 38.
No
0 g CO2eq per MJfuel
t per ha per year

kg per ha per year
kg per ha per year

l per ha per year
Diesel others
kg per ha per year

years
km
10t
l per tkm
Diesel others
kg per t FFB
kg per t FFB
%
kg per t FFB
kg per t FFB
%
l per t FFB
MJ per t FFB
kWh per t FFB
No
0 kWh per t FFB
0 kg per t FFB
Fill in fuel oil in line 79! l per t FFB
kWh per t FFB
No
No
km
40t
Diesel others
kg per t CPO
kg per t CPO
MJ per t CPO
kWh per t CPO
Indonesia
km
40t
Diesel others
km
40t
Diesel others
km
0 g CO2eq per ha per year (allocated)







25% %
0 MJ per t FFB
0 MJ per t FFB
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
100% %
0 kg CO2eq per ha per year
0 g CO2eq per MJSVO

s Calculator
Diagrams References
References
Setting 18
Indonesia
Snallholders
Intermediate inputs
No POME use
2010
References
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011b based on FAO 2011
IFEU 2011 based on IFEU 2007

IFEU 2011 based on Wicke et al. 2008
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2007
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011 based on Pastowski et al. 2007

Pastowski et al. 2008
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008 and Jelsma et al. 2009
Wicke et al. 2008

IFEU 2011a
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2007
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Final version December 2012 Biofuel Gre
Directory About B
Biodiesel from palm oil

Indonesia Indonesia
2010 2010
Overview results
Land use change
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 0 0
Cultivation
Cultivation of FFBs in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 10.9 13.8
Processing
Oil mill in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 30.6 30.6
Biodiesel plant in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 11.1 11.1
Transports
FFB to oil mill in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 2.5 2.5
Palm oil to biodiesel plant in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 0.3 0.3
FAME to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 0.6 0.6
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 56 59
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / haoil palm] 6,278 7,017
Fossil fuel comparator in [g CO2eq / MJfossil fuel] 83.8 83.8
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJFAME] 27.8 24.9

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haoil palm] 3,117 2,964
GHG emission reduction in [%] 33.2% 29.7%
Input data per step

If land use changes occur, go to sheet 'Land use change' and calc

No No
0 0
What is the FFB yield per ha per year?
FFB 16.0 17.0
N-fertiliser 80.0 85.0
P2O5-fertiliser 48.0 51.0
K2O-fertiliser 192 204
CaO-fertiliser 64.0 68.0
EFB (returned to field from oil mill) 3,040 3,230
Pesticides 10.0 10.0
Diesel 0 136
Diesel mix Diesel others Diesel others
Oil palm seedlings 10.0 10.0
Lifetime plantation 25 25
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of FFB
What is the distance from the oil palm plantation to oil mill?
75 75
What kind of vehicle is used to transport FFBs?
10t 10t

Diesel others Diesel others
STEP 4 - GHG emissions from oil mill
How much CPO is produced from the FFB?
CPO 210 210
Palm kernels 50.0 50.0
Palm kernels - water content 6.5% 6.5%
EFBs - returned to field 190 190
Fibers - internal combustion for process and surplus energy 130 130
Fibers - water content 40.0% 40.0%
How much energy does the oil mill consume?
Fuel oil 2.00 2.00
Steam (internal production from fiber combustion) 630 630
Electricity (internal production from fiber combustion) 21.0 21.0
Is surplus electricity produced from fibers?
No No
Amount of surplus electricity produced 0 0
Amount of fibers allocated to surplus electricity 0.0 0.0
How much external energy does the oil mill consume? (only user-defined)
Fuel oil
Electricity from grid
Electricity mix
Is methane from POME captured?
No No
Is the captured methane used for biogas production?
No No
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of CPO
What is the distance from the oil mill to biodiesel plant?
100 100
What kind of vehicle is used to transport CPO?
40t 40t

How much FAME is produced from CPO?
FAME 912 912
Process residues (fatty acids) 45.0 45.0
Glycerol 111 111
Glycerol - water content 15.0% 15.0%
Fuller's earth 6.00 6.00
Methanol 99.4 99.4
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 1.00 1.00
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 5.47 5.47
Steam 1,521 1,521
Electricity 47.9 47.9
200 200
40t 40t


Land use change
Indirect land use change 0 0
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N) 475,288 504,993
P2O5-fertiliser (kg P2O5) 48,824 51,876
K2O-fertiliser (kg K2O) 112,045 119,048
CaO-fertiliser (kg CaO) 8,356 8,878
N2O field emissions 498,256 529,397
EFB storage and field emissions 239,180 254,129
Manure emissions
Pesticides 110,959 110,959
Diesel 0 433,852
Oil palm seedlings 4,989 4,989
Transport
FFB to oil mill 350,789 372,713
FFB to oil mill (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil mill
Fuel oil 97,744 103,853
External electricity (only user-defined)
POME emissions 4,108,016 4,364,767
Sum cultivation & oil mill 6,054,446 6,859,455
Transport
Palm oil to biodiesel plant 35,313 37,520
Palm oil to biodiesel plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Fuller's earth 4,030 4,282
Methanol 670,689 712,608
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) 10,263 10,904
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 8,716 9,260
Steam 494,401 525,301
Electricity 166,205 176,593
Sum biodiesel plant 1,389,617 1,476,468
Transport
FAME to filling station 64,385 68,409
Complementary calculation - surplus fibers from oil mill

Efficiency of internal electricity production 25% 25%
Total electricity from internal fiber use 339 339
Surplus electricity 0 0
Fibers allocated to surplus electricity 0.0% 0.0%
Allocation factors
Oil mill
Palm oil - amount 122,976 130,662
Palm oil 88% 88%
Palm kernels - amount 16,329 17,350
Palm kernels 12% 12%
Surplus fibers - amount 0 0
Fibers 0% 0%
Methane from POME use - amount 0 0
Methane from POME use 0% 0%
Biodiesel plant
FAME - amount 112,108 119,115
FAME oil palm 92% 92%
Fatty acids - amount 4,536 4,820
Fatty acids 4% 4%
Glycerol - amount 4,868 5,172
Glycerol 4% 4%
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per hectare 6,278 7,017
Totals allocated per MJFAME 56 59

Drop down menue
2010
2020
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Argentina
Australia
Bangladesh
Bolivia
Brazil
Brunei
Cambodia
Chile
Colombia
Cuba
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
India
Indonesia
Jamaica
Malaysia
Mexico
Myanmar
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
y About Background data Lookup table Diagrams References
Setting 21 Setting 22 Setting 23 Setting 24
Colombia Malaysia Indonesia Malaysia

Smallholders Plantation Plantation Plantation
Intermediate inputs High inputs High inputs High inputs
No POME use No POME use POME use POME use
2010 2010 2020 2020
0 0 0 0
10.4 12.2 10.7 10.7
29.4 27.3 0.6 0.6

10.1 11.0 11.1 11.0
2.4 2.3 2.0 2.0

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
53 54 25 25
6,985 7,440 3,758 3,732
83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8
30.7 30.2 58.5 58.7

4,034 4,190 8,687 8,713
36.6% 36.0% 69.8% 70.0%
o sheet 'Land use change' and calculate respective GHG emission. Enter emissions manually in line 38.
No No No No
0 0 0 0
18.0 19.0 19.0 19.0
90.0 95.0 92.3 92.3

54.0 57.0 56.5 56.5
216 228 227 227
72.0 76.0 75.0 75.0
3,420 3,610 3,610 3,610
10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0
0 152 152 152

Diesel South America Diesel others Diesel others Diesel others
10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

25 25 25 25
75 75 75 75
10t 10t 10t 10t
210 210 225 225
50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0

6.5% 6.5% 6.5% 6.5%
190 190 190 190
130 130 130 130
40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0%
2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

630 630 674 674
21.0 21.0 22.5 22.5
No Yes Yes Yes
0 73 72 72
0.0 64.8 62.0 62.0
No No Yes Yes
No No Yes Yes
100 100 100 100
40t 40t 40t 40t
950 950 950 950
45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0

111 111 111 111
15.0% 15.0% 15.0% 15.0%
6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00

103.6 103.6 103.6 103.6
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
5.70 5.70 5.70 5.70
1,573 1,573 1,573 1,573

49.7 49.7 49.7 49.7
200 200 200 200
40t 40t 40t 40t

0 0 0 0
534,699 564,404 520,699 520,699

54,927 57,979 57,499 57,499
126,051 133,054 132,475 132,475
9,400 9,923 9,789 9,789
560,538 591,679 574,591 574,591

269,078 284,026 284,026 284,026
110,959 110,959 110,959 110,959

0 484,894 485,216 485,216
4,989 4,989 4,989 4,989
390,624 416,562 416,838 416,838
109,962 116,071 116,071 116,071
4,621,518 4,878,269 238 238

6,792,744 7,652,808 2,713,390 2,713,390
39,323 41,935 44,900 44,900
4,534 4,786 5,121 5,121

786,616 830,317 888,439 888,439
11,545 12,187 13,040 13,040
10,222 10,790 11,545 11,545
575,488 607,459 649,982 649,982
43,774 178,194 219,042 190,667
1,471,503 1,685,667 1,832,069 1,803,694
74,746 79,709 85,345 85,345
25% 25% 25% 25%

339 339 339 339
0 263 258 258
0.0% 49.9% 47.7% 47.7%
138,348 146,034 156,256 156,256

88% 82% 79% 79%
18,370 19,391 19,391 19,391
12% 11% 10% 10%
0 12,839 12,273 12,273
0% 7% 6% 6%
0 0 10,439 10,439
0% 0% 5% 5%
131,486 138,791 148,506 148,506

93% 93% 93% 93%
5,103 5,387 5,764 5,764
4% 4% 4% 4%
5,513 5,820 6,227 6,227
4% 4% 4% 4%
6,985 7,440 3,758 3,732
53 54 25 25
lator
References
User-defined
2010



0
83.8
0.0
0
0.0%

No
0 g CO2eq per MJfuel
t per ha per year

kg per ha per year
kg per ha per year
l per ha per year

Diesel others
kg per ha per year

years
km
10t
Diesel others
kg per t FFB
kg per t FFB
%
kg per t FFB
kg per t FFB
%
l per t FFB
MJ per t FFB
kWh per t FFB
No
0 kWh per t FFB
0 kg per t FFB
Fill in fuel oil in line 79! l per t FFB
kWh per t FFB
No
No
km
40t
Diesel others
kg per t CPO
kg per t CPO
kg per t CPO
%
kg per t CPO
kg per t CPO
kg per t CPO
kg per t CPO
MJ per t CPO
kWh per t CPO
Indonesia
km
40t
Diesel others
km
km
40t
Diesel others








25% %
0 MJ per t FFB
0 MJ per t FFB
0.0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 g CO2eq per MJFAME

References
Setting 19
Indonesia
Smallholders
Intermediate inputs
No POME use
2010
References
COM(2012)595

IFEU 2007

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008

IFEU 2011a
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2007
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et al. 2008

IFEU 2011 based on Wicke et al. 2008 and Pastowski et al. 2007
IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-database (version 31-7-2008)
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011 based on Wicke et al. 2008 and IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Setting 20
Indonesia
Plantation
High inputs
No POME use
2010
COM(2012)595

IFEU 2007

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008

IFEU 2011a
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2007
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Setting 21
Colombia
Smallholders
Intermediate inputs
No POME use
2010
COM(2012)595

IFEU 2007

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008

IFEU 2011a
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2008
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a

IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Setting 22
Malaysia
Plantation
High inputs
No POME use
2010
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011b based on FAO 2011 and MPOB 2011

IFEU 2007

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008

IFEU 2011a
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2009
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a

IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Setting 23
Indonesia
Plantation
High inputs
POME use
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on IFEU 2007 and van Dam 2000

IFEU 2007

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008

IFEU 2011a
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2010
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a

IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Setting 24
Malaysia
Plantation
High inputs
POME use
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011b based on FAO 2011 and MPOB 2011
IFEU 2011 based on IFEU 2007 and van Dam 2000

IFEU 2007

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008

IFEU 2011a
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2011
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a

IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Straight vegetable oil from jatropha
Overview results
Land use change
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Cultivation
Cultivation of jatropha in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Processing
Oil extraction in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Oil refining in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Transport and use
Soybeans to oil extraction in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
Soybean oil to oil refining in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
SVO to end user in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hajatropha]
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJSVO]

Input data per step


What is the jatropha yield per ha per year?
Jatropha capsules (with husks)
Jatropha seeds (without husks) (sun-dried, 6% water content)
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Husks (remaining in field)
Cake (returned to field from oil extraction plant)
Pesticides
Diesel
Diesel mix
Jatropha seeds
Lifetime plantation
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of jatropha capsules or seeds
What is the distance from the jatropha plantation to oil extraction?
Are jatropha capsules or seeds transported to oil extraction?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport jatropha capsules or seeds?


How much jatropha oil is produced from the seeds?
Jatropha oil
Cake - returned to field
Husks - internal combustion for process and surplus energy (only user-defined)
Husks - water content (only user-defined)
Hexane
Steam
Electricity
Is surplus electricity produced from husks (only user-defined)?

Amount of husks allocated to surplus electricity
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of jatropha oil (only user-defined)
What is the distance from oil mill to refining plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport jatropha oil?
How much fuel does this vehicle consume?

How much SVO is produced from jatropha oil?
SVO
Fuller's earth
Steam
Electricity


Land use change
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N)
N2O field emissions
Husk field emissions
Cake field emissions
Manure emissions
Pesticides
Diesel
Jatropha seedlings
Transport
Jatropha capsules or seeds to oil extraction
Jatropha to oil extraction (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil extraction
Hexane
Steam
Electricity
Transport
Jatropha oil to refining plant (only user-defined)
Jatropha oil to refining plant (only user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil refining
Fuller's earth
Steam
Electricity
Transport
SVO to end user
Complementary calculation - surplus husks (only user-defined)

Total electricity from internal husk use
Surplus electricity
Husks allocated to surplus electricity
Allocation factors
Oil extraction
Jatropha oil - amount
Jatropha oil
Surplus husks - amount
Husks
Refining plant
SVO - amount
SVO jatropha
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJSVO
Drop down menue

2010
2020
Capsules
Seeds
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Algeria
Angola
Australia
Bangladesh
Benin
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Cambodia
Cameroon
Chile
China (PR)
Colombia
Congo (DR)
Congo (Rep.)
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabun
Ghana
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Ivory Coast
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kenya
Libya
Malaysia
Mexico
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nepal
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other Latin America
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Senegal
Singapore
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Taipei
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Tanzania
Marginal land
No irrigation
2010 2010



27 0
204 0
83.8 83.8
57.3 0.0
440 0
68.3% 0.0%
No No
0 0
1.5
0.95
0
0
0
0
0.57
0.62
0.04
0.1
25
450
Seeds Seeds
10t 10t
215
656
0.4
580
34
Tanzania
No
0
0
10t
Diesel others
953
6
281
6
Tanzania
200
20t 20t
40t
Diesel others

0 0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
27 0
142 0
0
0 0
118 0
18 0
124,969 0
0
1,381 0
53,317 0
10,296 0
190,267 0
0
0
245 0
5,550 0
391 0
7,709 0
0
0
0
25%
0
0
0%
8,068 0
100% 0%
0 0
0%
7,693 0
100% 100%
204 0
27 0
enHouse Gas Calculator
ckground data Lookup table Diagrams References
ate respective GHG emission. Enter emissions manually in line 39.
g CO2eq per MJfuel
t per ha per year

t per ha per year

t per ha per year
t per ha per year
kg per ha per year
l per ha per year
kg seeds per ha per year

years
km
kg per t seeds
kg per t seeds
kg per t seeds !! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!
%
kg per t seeds
MJ per t seeds
kWh per t seeds
kWh per t seeds

kg per t seeds
%
km
l per tkm
kg per t jatropha oil
kg per t jatropha oil

MJ per t jatropha oil
kWh per t jatropha oil
km
km
km








%
MJ per t seeds
MJ per t seeds
%
MJ per ha
%
MJ per ha
%
MJ per ha
%
g CO2eq per MJSVO

or
References
References
Setting 25
Tanzania
Marginal land
No irrigation
Seedcake as fertiliser
2010
References
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU2011 based on van Eijck 2011 and Wahl et al. 2009

IFEU/UU2011 based on van Eijck 2011 and Wahl et al. 2009
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2008
AL OPTION !!
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011 based on van Eijck 2011 and Reinhardt et al. 2008
IFEU/UU 2011b
Van Eijck et al. (n.y.p.)
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b

AL OPTION !!
Whitaker & Heath 2009
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
AL OPTION !!
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Final version December 2012 B
Directory
Biodiesel from jatropha
Overview results
Land use change
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
Cultivation
Cultivation of jatropha in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
Processing
Oil extraction in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
Biodiesel plant in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
Transports
Jatropha to oil extraction in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
Jatropha oil to biodiesel plant in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
FAME to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hajatropha]
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJFAME]

Input data per step

What is the jatropha yield per ha per year?
Jatropha capsules (with husks)
Jatropha seeds (without husks) (sun-dried, 6% water content)
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Husks (remaining in field)
Cake (returned to field)
Pesticides
Diesel
Diesel mix
Jatropha seedlings
Jatropha seeds
Lifetime plantation
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of jatropha capsules or seeds
What is the distance from the jatropha plantation to oil extraction?
Are jatropha capsules or seeds transported to oil extraction?

What kind of vehicle is used to transport jatropha capsules or seeds?

How much jatropha oil is produced from the seeds?
Jatropha oil
Husks - internal combustion for process energy
Husks - water content
Cake - returned to field
Hexane
Steam
Electricity
Is surplus electricity produced from husks?

Amount of husks allocated to surplus electricity
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of jatropha oil (only user-defined)
What is the distance from jatropha oil extraction to biodiesel plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport jatropha oil?

How much FAME is produced from jatropha oil?
FAME
Process residues (fatty acids)
Glycerol
Glyerol - water content
Fuller's earth
Methanol
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Steam
Electricity


Land use change
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N)
N2O field emissions
Husk field emissions
Cake field emissions
Manure emissions
Pesticides
Diesel
Jatropha seedlings
Jatropha seeds
Transport
Jatropha capsules or seeds to oil extraction
Jatropha to oil extraction (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Oil extraction
Hexane
Steam
Electricity
Transport
Jatropha oil to biodiesel plant (only user-defined)
Jatropha oil to biodiesel plant (only user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Fuller's earth
Methanol
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
Steam
Electricity
Sum biodiesel plant
Transport
FAME to filling station
Complementary calculation - surplus husks

Total electricity from internal husk use
Surplus electricity
Husks allocated to surplus electricity
Allocation factors
Oil extraction
Jatropha oil - amount
Jatropha oil
Surplus husks - amount
Husks
Biodiesel plant
FAME - amount
FAME jatropha
Fatty acids - amount
Fatty acids
Glycerol - amount
Glycerol
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJFAME

Drop down menue
2010
2020
Capsules
Seeds
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Algeria
Angola
Australia
Bangladesh
Benin
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Cambodia
Cameroon
Chile
China (PR)
Colombia
Congo (DR)
Congo (Rep.)
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabun
Ghana
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Ivory Coast
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kenya
Libya
Malaysia
Mexico
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nepal
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other Latin America
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Senegal
Singapore
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Taipei
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe

Plantation, intermediate
Plantation, high inputs, Smallholder,
input, manual, no
mechanised, no irrigation low input, no irrigation
irrigation
Good land Marginal land Marginal land
Seedcake as fertiliser, Seedcake as fertiliser, Husks and seedcake as
husks as fuel husks as fuel fertiliser
2010 2010 2010
0 0 0
27.8 14.3 0.04
0.2 0.2 7.9

9.7 9.7 9.7
6.9 6.9 15.2

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.5 0.5
45 32 33
947 563 256
83.8 83.8 83.8
38.7 52.1 50.5

811 925 387
46.1% 62.2% 60.2%
ser-defined)?
No No No
0 0 0
4.16 3.52 1.52

2.60 2.20 0.95
20.8 17.6 0.0

5.8 4.9 0.0
77.3 65.4 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.57
1.71 1.44 0.62
0 0 0
101 5 0
Diesel others Diesel others Diesel others
1.07 1.07
0.05
25 25 25
190 190 450

Capsules Capsules Seeds
20t 20t 10t
215 215 215
600 600
9.0% 9.0%
656 656 656
0.40 0.40 0.40
580 580 580

34.0 34.0 34.0
No No No
user-defined)
950 950 950
45.0 45.0 45.0

111 111 111
15.0% 15.0% 15.0%
6.00 6.00 6.00

104 104 104
1.0 1.0 1.0
24.7 24.7 24.7
1,573 1,573 1,573

49.7 49.7 49.7
200 200 200
40t 40t 40t
0 0 0
123,395 104,411 0
5,901 4,993 0
45,117 38,176 0
0 0 0
129,358 109,457 0
0 0 27
387 328 142
0 0 0
322,163 15,950 118
358 358 0
0 0 17
156,436 132,369 124,969
3,780 3,198 1,381

0 0 53,317
0 0 10,296
786,895 409,241 190,266
671 567 245

116,328 98,431 42,504
1,707 1,445 624
6,551 5,543 2,393
85,105 72,012 31,096
8,859 7,496 3,237
219,221 185,495 80,100
11,167 9,449 4,080

25% 25%
2,083 2,083
0 0
0% 0%
22,081 18,684 8,068

100% 100% 100%
0 0 0
0% 0% 0%
20,985 17,757 7,668

93% 93% 93%
755 639 276
3% 3% 3%
815 690 298
4% 4% 4%
947 563 256
45.1 31.7 33.3

eenHouse Gas Calculator
Background data Lookup table Diagrams References
Tanzania Mali Mali

Smallholder, intermediate Smallholder, Smallholder, intermediate
input low input input
Marginal land
Husks and seedcake as Husks and seedcake as Husks and seedcake as
fertiliser fertiliser fertiliser
2010 2010 2010
0 0 0
4.7 0.02 4.7
7.9 9.4 9.4

9.7 10.2 10.2
15.2 15.2 15.2

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.5 0.5
38 35 40
521 245 419
83.8 83.8 83.8
45.8 48.5 43.9

629 337 461
54.7% 57.9% 52.4%
culate respective GHG emission. Enter emissions manually in line 38.
No No No
0 0 0
2.72 1.38 2.08

1.70 0.86 1.30
5.2 0.0 4.0

2.9 0.0 2.2
3.2 0.0 2.5
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.02 0.52 0.78
1.12 0.56 0.85
0 0 0
0 0 0
0.05 0.05 0.05

25 25 25
450 450 450

Seeds Seeds Seeds
10t 10t 10t
215 215 215
656 656 656
0.40 0.40 0.40
580 580 580

34.0 34.0 34.0
No No No
950 950 950
45.0 45.0 45.0

111 111 111
15.0% 15.0% 15.0%
6.00 6.00 6.00

104 104 104
1.0 1.0 1.0
24.7 24.7 24.7
1,573 1,573 1,573

49.7 49.7 49.7
200 200 200
40t 40t 40t
0 0 0
31,051 0 23,745
2,914 0 2,229
1,875 0 1,433
0 0 0
32,551 0 24,892
48 24 37
253 128 194
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
17 17 17
223,628 113,129 171,010
2,471 1,250 1,890

95,410 48,266 72,960
18,425 20,297 30,681
408,643 183,112 329,087
438 222 335

76,060 38,478 58,164
1,116 565 854
4,283 2,167 3,275
55,646 28,150 42,553
5,793 6,381 9,646
143,337 75,962 114,827
7,302 3,694 5,584

14,437 7,304 11,040
100% 100% 100%
0 0 0
0% 0% 0%
13,721 6,941 10,493

93% 93% 93%
493 250 377
3% 3% 3%
533 270 408
4% 4% 4%
521 245 419
38.0 35.3 39.9

es
India India Tanzania

Smallholder, Smallholder, intermediate Plantation, high inputs,
low input input mechanised, no irrigation
Good land
Husks and seedcake as Husks and seedcake as Seedcake as fertiliser,
fertiliser fertiliser husks as fuel
2010 2010 2020
0 0 0
0.02 4.7 15.3
10.6 10.6 0.2

10.6 10.6 9.7
15.2 15.2 3.7

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.5 0.5
37 42 29
417 704 710
83.8 83.8 83.8
46.9 42.3 54.3

530 717 1,311
56.0% 50.5% 64.8%
No No No
0 0 0
2.24 3.36 4.78

1.40 2.10 2.99
0.0 6.5 23.9

0.0 3.5 6.7
0.0 4.0 88.9
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.84 1.26 0.0
0.92 1.38 1.96
0 0 2
0 0 116
1.07
0.05 0.05
25 25 25
450 450 190

Seeds Seeds Capsules
10t 10t 20t
215 215 215
600
9.0%
656 656 656
0.40 0.40 0.40
580 580 580

34.0 34.0 34.0
No No Yes
503
521
950 950 950
45.0 45.0 45.0

111 111 111
15.0% 15.0% 15.0%
6.00 6.00 6.00

104 104 104
1.0 1.0 1.0
24.7 24.7 24.7
1,573 1,573 1,573

49.7 49.7 49.7
200 200 200
40t 40t 40t
0 0 0
0 38,357 134,809
0 3,600 6,786
0 2,316 51,885
0 0 0
0 40,210 148,762
40 59 0
209 313 445
0 0 22,192
0 0 370,734
0 0 358
17 17 0
184,164 276,246 180,021
2,035 3,053 4,347

78,573 117,859 0
48,022 72,033 0
313,059 554,063 920,338
361 542 771

62,638 93,957 133,777
919 1,379 1,963
3,527 5,291 7,533
45,826 68,739 97,871
15,098 22,647 10,188
128,369 192,554 252,104
6,013 9,020 12,851

25%
2,083
1,960
87%
11,890 17,834 25,393

100% 100% 54%
0 0 21,639
0% 0% 46%
11,300 16,950 24,133

93% 93% 93%
406 610 868
3% 3% 3%
439 659 938
4% 4% 4%
417 704 710
36.9 41.5 29.4


Plantation, intermediate
Smallholder, Smallholder, intermediate
input, manual, no
low input input
irrigation
Marginal land Marginal land Marginal land
Seedcake as fertiliser, Husks and seedcake as Husks and seedcake as
husks as fuel fertiliser fertiliser
2020 2020 2020
0 0 0
7.3 0.02 4.6
0.2 7.9 7.9

9.7 9.7 9.7
3.7 15.2 15.2

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.5 0.5
22 33 38
438 294 597
83.8 83.8 83.8
62.3 50.5 45.9

1,272 445 725
74.3% 60.2% 54.8%
No No No
0 0 0
4.05 1.75 3.13

2.53 1.09 1.96
20.2 0.0 6.0

5.6 0.0 3.3
75.2 0.0 3.7
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.66 1.17
1.66 0.72 1.28
0 0 0
3 0 0
1.07
0.05 0.05
25 25 25
190 450 450

Capsules Seeds Seeds
20t 10t 10t
215 215 215
600
9.0%
656 656 656
0.40 0.40 0.40
580 580 580

34.0 34.0 34.0
Yes No No
503
521
950 950 950
45.0 45.0 45.0

111 111 111
15.0% 15.0% 15.0%
6.00 6.00 6.00

104 104 104
1.0 1.0 1.0
24.7 24.7 24.7
1,573 1,573 1,573

49.7 49.7 49.7
200 200 200
40t 40t 40t
0 0 0
114,069 0 33,923
5,742 0 3,352
43,902 0 2,156
0 0 0
125,875 0 37,434
0 31 55
377 163 291
0 0 0
8,300 0 0
358 0 0
0 17 17
152,325 143,809 257,343
3,678 1,588 2,842

0 61,315 109,721
0 11,841 21,189
454,627 218,764 468,322
652 282 504

113,196 48,880 87,469
1,661 717 1,284
6,374 2,753 4,926
82,814 35,761 63,993
8,621 3,723 6,662
213,319 92,115 164,837
10,874 4,696 8,403

25%
2,083
1,960
87%
21,486 9,278 16,603

54% 100% 100%
18,310 0 0
46% 0% 0%
20,420 8,818 15,779

93% 93% 93%
734 317 567
3% 3% 3%
793 343 613
4% 4% 4%
438 294 597
21.4 33.3 37.9

Mali Mali India

Smallholder, Smallholder, intermediate Smallholder,
low input input low input

2020 2020 2020
0 0 0
0.02 4.6 0.02
9.4 9.4 10.6

10.2 10.2 10.6
15.2 15.2 15.2

0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.5 0.5
35 40 37
282 480 479
83.8 83.8 83.8
48.5 44.0 46.9

387 531 610
57.9% 52.5% 56.0%
No No No
0 0 0
1.58 2.39 2.58

0.99 1.50 1.61
0.0 4.6 0.0

0.0 2.5 0.0
0.0 2.8 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.59 0.90 0.97
0.65 0.98 1.06
0 0 0
0 0 0
0.05 0.05 0.05

25 25 25
450 450 450

Seeds Seeds Seeds
10t 10t 10t
215 215 215
656 656 656
0.40 0.40 0.40
580 580 580

34.0 34.0 34.0
No No No
950 950 950
45.0 45.0 45.0

111 111 111
15.0% 15.0% 15.0%
6.00 6.00 6.00

104 104 104
1.0 1.0 1.0
24.7 24.7 24.7
1,573 1,573 1,573

49.7 49.7 49.7
200 200 200
40t 40t 40t
0 0 0
0 25,941 0
0 2,563 0
0 1,648 0
0 0 0
0 28,626 0
28 42 46
147 223 240
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
17 17 17
130,185 196,792 211,929
1,438 2,173 2,341

55,506 83,905 90,359
23,341 35,283 55,225
210,663 377,213 360,156
255 386 415

44,249 66,888 72,034
649 982 1,057
2,492 3,767 4,056
32,373 48,935 52,700
7,338 11,093 17,363
87,357 132,051 147,625
4,251 6,425 6,920

8,399 12,696 13,673
100% 100% 100%
0 0 0
0% 0% 0%
7,982 12,067 12,995

93% 93% 93%
287 434 467
3% 3% 3%
310 469 505
4% 4% 4%
282 480 479
35.3 39.8 36.9

India
Smallholder, intermediate
input
Husks and seedcake as

fertiliser
2020 2010



41 0
807 0
83.8 83.8
42.4 0.0
826 0
50.6% 0.0%
No No


0.0 kg CaO per ha per year
0 kg per ha per year
0 l per ha per year

kg seedlings per ha per year

0.05 kg seeds per ha per year
25 years
450 km
Seeds Capsules
10t 20t
l per tkm
215 kg per t seeds
kg per t seeds
%
656 kg per t seeds
0.40 kg per t seeds
580 MJ per t seeds

34.0 kWh per t seeds
Tanzania
No No
0 kWh per t seeds
0 kg per t seeds
%
km
20t
l per tkm
Diesel others
950 kg per t jatropha oil
45.0 kg per t jatropha oil

15.0% %

1,573 MJ per t jatropha oil

49.7 kWh per t jatropha oil
Tanzania
200 km
40t 40t
l per tkm
km
40t
Diesel others
km







25% %
0 MJ per t seeds
0 MJ per t seeds
0% %
20,509 0 MJ per ha
100% 0% %
0 0 MJ per ha
0% 0% %
19,492 0 MJ per ha
93% 0% %
701 0 MJ per ha
3% 0% %
757 0 MJ per ha
4% 0% %
41.4 0.0 g CO2eq per MJFAME

References
Tanzania Tanzania
Plantation, high inputs, Plantation, intermediate
mechanised, no irrigation input, manual , no irrigation
Good land Marginal land
Seedcake as fertiliser, husks Seedcake as fertiliser, husks
as fuel as fuel
2010 2010
References
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt

IFEU/UU2011 based on van EijcIFEU/UU2011 based on van Eijc
IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU

e 2011 based on Reinhardt e
Reinhardt et al. 2008 Reinhardt et al. 2008

IFEU/UU 2011 based on van EijIFEU/UU 2011 based on van Eijck 2011 and Reinhardt et al. 20
IFEU/UU 2011b IFEU/UU 2011 based on van Eij
Van Eijck et al. (n.y.p.) Van Eijck et al. (n.y.p.)


Whitaker & Heath 2009 Whitaker & Heath 2009


IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et

IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-daIFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-da



Tanzania Tanzania Mali

Smallholder, Smallholder, intermediate Smallholder,
low input, no irrigation input low input
Marginal land Marginal land
2010 2010 2010
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt
IFEU/UU2011 based on van EijcIFEU/UU2011 based on van EijcIFEU/UU 2011b based on CJP
IFEU/UU 2011b IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU/UU

e 2011b
e 2011b
e 2011b
e 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU
Reinhardt et al. 2008 Reinhardt et al. 2008 Reinhardt et al. 2008
IFEU/UU 2011b IFEU/UU 2011b IFEU/UU 2011b

IFEU 2011b IFEU 2011b IFEU 2011b
sed on van Eijck 2011 and Reinhardt et al. 2008

Van Eijck et al. (n.y.p.) Van Eijck et al. (n.y.p.) Van Eijck et al. (n.y.p.)

Whitaker & Heath 2009 Whitaker & Heath 2009 Whitaker & Heath 2009
IFEU 2011a IFEU 2011a IFEU 2011a


IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et
IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-daIFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-daIFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-da



Mali India India


2010 2010 2010
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011b based on CJP IFEU/UU 2011 based on Reinhar
IFEU/UU 2011 based on Reinhar
IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU/UU

e 2011b IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt e









Plantation, high inputs, Plantation, intermediate Smallholder,
mechanised, no irrigation input, manual, no irrigation low input
Good land Marginal land Marginal land
Seedcake as fertiliser, husks Seedcake as fertiliser, husks Husks and seedcake as
as fuel as fuel fertiliser
2020 2020 2020
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595

e 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU/UU
e 2011b
e 2011b
e 2011b

e 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011 based on van EijIFEU/UU 2011 based on van Eijck 2011 and Reinhardt et al. 2008
IFEU 2011b







Tanzania Mali Mali

Marginal land
2020 2020 2020
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595


nhardt et al. 2008







India India
Smallholder, Smallholder, intermediate
low input input
Husks and seedcake as Husks and seedcake as

fertiliser fertiliser
2020 2020
COM(2012)595 COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2008
IFEU/UU 2011b IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2008

e 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2008


Van Eijck et al. (n.y.p.) Van Eijck et al. (n.y.p.)




IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et IFEU 2011a based on Wicke et al. 2008
IFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-daIFEU 2011 based on JEC E3-database (version 31-7-2008)



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X
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X
X
X
X
X
X
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X
X
X
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X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Directory
Ethanol from cassava

Setting 42
Mozambique
Smallholders
Low input
2010
Overview results
Land use change
Direct land use change in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 0.0
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 0
Cultivation
Cultivation of cassava roots in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 14.0
Chipping
Chipping of cassava roots in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 5.0
Processing
Ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 49.5
Transports
Cassava roots to chip production in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 0.9
Cassava chips to ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 2.8
Ethanol to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 0.8
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 73.0
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hacassava] 927
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH] 10.8

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hacassava] 137
Input data per step

If land use changes occur, go to sheet 'Land

No
0
What is the cassava yield per ha per year?
Cassava roots (water content 65%) 4.00
N-fertiliser 10.9
P2O5-fertiliser 6.8
K2O-fertiliser 20.5
CaO-fertiliser 6.8
Stillage (returned to field from ethanol plant) 5,994
Pesticides 2.0
Diesel 0
Diesel mix Diesel others
Cassava cuttings 54
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of cassava roots
What is the distance from the cassava plantation to chip factory?
10
What kind of vehicle is used to transport cassava roots?
10t

Diesel others
STEP 4 - GHG emissions from chip production
How much chips are produced from the cassava roots?
Cassava chips (water content 14 %) 450
How much diesel is used for chipping?
Diesel 5.0
Diesel mix Diesel others
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of cassava chips
What is the distance from the chip factory to the ethanol plant?
100
What kind of vehicle is used to transport cassava chips?
20t

Diesel others
STEP 6 - GHG emissions from ethanol plant
How much ethanol is produced from cassava chips?
Ethanol 263
Stillage (water content 90%) - returned to field 3,330
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) 37.6
Enzymes 0.60
Ammonia water (25% conc.) 2.63
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 0.1
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 0.002
Steam 3,267
Electricity 30.5
200
40t
Diesel others

Land use change
Cultivation
CaO-fertiliser (kg CaO) 890
Stillage emissions 0
Manure emissions
Pesticides 22,192
Diesel 0
Cassava cuttings 3,462
Transport
Cassava roots to chip production 11,693
Cassava roots to chip productionl (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Chip production
Diesel 63,802
Transport
Cassava chips to ethanol plant 35,626
Cassava chips to ethanol plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Ethanol plant
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) 31,650
Enzymes 5,020
Ammonia water (25% conc.) 22,100
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) 231
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 106
Steam 568,987
Electricity 116
Transport
Ethanol to filling station 9,953
Allocation factors
Ethanol plant
Ethanol - amount 12,695
Ethanol 100%
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJEtOH 73.0

Drop down menue
2010
2020
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Australia
Benin
Bolivia
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Cambodia
Cameroon
Chile
China (PR)
Colombia
Congo (DR)
Congo (Rep.)
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabun
Ghana
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Ivory Coast
Jamaica
Kenya
Lebanon
Libya
Malaysia
Mexico
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nepal
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Oman
Other Africa
Other Asia
Other Latin America
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Senegal
Singapore
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Taipei
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Biofuel GreenHouse Gas Calculat
Setting 43 Setting 44 Setting 45 Setting 46 Setting 47
Mozambique Tanzania Tanzania Thailand Thailand

Smallholders Smallholders Smallholders Smallholders Smallholders
Intermediate input Low input Intermediate input Low input Intermediate input
2010 2010 2010 2010 2010
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0 0 0 0 0
18.5 17.3 17.2 11.7 21.8
5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
49.5 49.5 49.5 49.5 49.5
0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.8 2.8 2.8 1.1 1.1
0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
77.5 76.3 76.2 69.1 79.1
1,476 1,480 2,956 4,605 5,766
83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8
6.3 7.5 7.6 14.7 4.7

120 142 288 935 329
7.5% 8.9% 9.0% 17.6% 5.6%
and use changes occur, go to sheet 'Land use change' and calculate respective GHG emission. Enter emissions manually in li
No No No No No
0 0 0 0 0
6.00 6.00 12.00 20.00 22.00
21.7 21.7 43.5 39.8 79.7

13.6 13.6 27.3 25.0 50.0
40.9 40.9 81.8 75.0 150.0
13.6 13.6 27.3 25.0 50.0
8,991 8,991 17,982 29,970 32,967
4.0 2.0 4.0 2.0 4.0
0 0 0 51 112
Diesel others Diesel others Diesel others Diesel others Diesel others
54 54 54 54 54
24 24 24 24 24
10 10 10 10 10
10t 10t 10t 10t 10t
450 450 450 450 450
5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

100 100 100 40 40
20t 20t 20t 20t 20t
263 263 263 263 263
3,330 3,330 3,330 3,330 3,330
37.6 37.6 37.6 37.6 37.6

0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
2.63 2.63 2.63 2.63 2.63
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
3,267 3,267 3,267 3,267 3,267

30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5
200 200 200 200 200
40t 40t 40t 40t 40t

0 0 0 0 0
129,081 129,081 258,161 236,648 473,296

13,870 13,870 27,741 25,429 50,858
23,873 23,873 47,747 43,768 87,535
1,780 1,780 3,561 3,264 6,528
135,318 135,318 270,637 248,084 496,168

0 0 0 0 0
44,384 22,192 44,384 22,192 44,384

0 0 0 162,368 357,210
3,462 3,462 3,462 3,462 3,462
17,539 17,539 35,079 58,465 64,311
95,703 95,703 191,405 319,009 350,910
53,438 53,438 106,877 71,251 78,376

47,475 47,475 94,951 158,251 174,077
7,530 7,530 15,060 25,100 27,610
33,150 33,150 66,301 110,501 121,551
346 346 692 1,154 1,269
159 159 317 529 582
853,480 853,480 1,706,960 2,844,933 3,129,426
174 26,272 52,545 221,131 243,244
14,930 14,930 29,860 49,767 54,744
19,043 19,043 38,086 63,476 69,824

100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
1,476 1,480 2,956 4,605 5,766
77.5 77.7 77.6 72.6 82.6

e Gas Calculator
ookup table Diagrams References
Setting 48 Setting 49 Setting 50 Setting 51 Setting 52
Mozambique Mozambique Mozambique Tanzania Tanzania

Smallholders Smallholders Plantation Smallholders Smallholders
Low input Intermediate input High input Low input Intermediate input
2020 2020 2020 2020 2020
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

0 0 0 0 0
17.0 16.9 26.9 9.0 16.3
5.0 5.0 2.0 5.0 5.0
49.5 49.5 49.5 49.5 49.5
0.9 0.9 3.1 0.9 0.9

2.8 2.8 0.0 2.8 2.8
0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
76.0 75.9 82.3 68.0 75.3
1,447 2,891 3,916 4,405 5,356
83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8
7.8 7.9 1.5 15.8 8.5

149 301 74 1,002 592
9.3% 9.4% 1.8% 18.8% 10.1%
ission. Enter emissions manually in line 38.
No No No No No
0 0 0 0 0
6.00 12.00 15.00 20.00 22.00
21.7 43.5 54.3 39.8 79.7

13.6 27.3 34.1 25.0 50.0
40.9 81.8 102.3 75.0 150.0
13.6 27.3 34.1 25.0 50.0
8,991 17,982 22,478 29,970 32,967
2.0 4.0 4.0 2.0 4.0
0 0 153 0 0
54 54 54 54 54
24 24 24 24 24
10 10 50 10 10
10t 10t 20t 10t 10t
450 450 450 450 450
5.0 5.0 2.0 5.0 5.0

100 100 0 100 100
20t 20t 20t 20t 20t
263 263 263 263 263
3,330 3,330 3,330 3,330 3,330
37.6 37.6 37.6 37.6 37.6

0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
2.63 2.63 2.63 2.63 2.63
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
3,267 3,267 3,267 3,267 3,267

30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5
200 200 200 200 200
40t 40t 40t 40t 40t

0 0 0 0 0
122,627 245,253 306,567 224,816 449,631

13,870 27,741 34,676 25,429 50,858
23,873 47,747 59,683 43,768 87,535
1,780 3,561 4,451 3,264 6,528
135,318 270,637 338,296 248,084 496,168

0 0 0 0 0
22,192 44,384 44,384 22,192 44,384

0 0 487,429 0 0
3,462 3,462 3,462 3,462 3,462
17,551 35,102 148,538 58,504 64,354
95,766 191,533 95,766 319,221 351,143
53,474 106,948 0 178,246 196,071

47,475 94,951 118,689 158,251 174,077
7,530 15,060 18,825 25,100 27,610
33,150 66,301 82,876 110,501 121,551
346 692 865 1,154 1,269
159 317 396 529 582
853,480 1,706,960 2,133,699 2,844,933 3,129,426
174 348 436 87,574 96,332
14,940 29,880 37,350 49,800 54,780
19,043 38,086 47,607 63,476 69,824

100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
1,447 2,891 3,916 4,405 5,356
76.0 75.9 82.3 69.4 76.7

Setting 53 Setting 54 Setting 55 Setting 56 User-defined
Tanzania Thailand Thailand Thailand

Plantation Smallholders Smallholders Plantation
High input Low input Intermediate input High input
2020 2020 2020 2020 2010

0 0 0 0 Please enter all input data!
26.4 11.1 21.2 26.2 Please enter all input data!

81.8 68.4 78.5 81.6 0.0
7,260 7,305 8,849 11,881 0
83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8
2.0 15.4 5.3 2.2 0.0

175 1,560 570 308 0
2.4% 18.3% 6.3% 2.6% 0.0%
No No No No No
0 0 0 0 0
27.50 32.00 34.00 44.00
99.6 61.6 123.1 159.3

62.5 38.6 77.3 100.0
187.5 115.9 231.8 300.0
62.5 38.6 77.3 100.0
41,209 47,952 50,949 65,934
4.0 2.0 4.0 4.0
280 81 173 448

54 54 54 54
24 24 24 24
50 10 10 50
20t 10t 10t 20t 10t
450 450 450 450
2.0 5.0 5.0 2.0

0 40 40 0
20t 20t 20t 20t 20t
263 263 263 263
3,330 3,330 3,330 3,330
37.6 37.6 37.6 37.6

0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
2.63 2.63 2.63 2.63
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
3,267 3,267 3,267 3,267

30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5
Mozambique
200 200 200 200
40t 40t 40t 40t 40t

40t
Diesel others

0 0 0 0 0
0
562,039 347,442 694,884 899,262 0

63,573 39,300 78,599 101,717 0
109,419 67,641 135,282 175,071 0
8,160 5,044 10,089 13,056 0
620,210 383,402 766,805 992,336 0

0 0 0 0 0
0
44,384 22,192 44,384 44,384 0
893,619 259,962 552,419 1,429,790 0
3,462 3,462 3,462 3,462 0
272,320 93,606 99,456 435,713 0

0
175,572 510,753 542,676 280,914 0
0 114,077 121,207 0 0
0
217,596 253,202 269,027 348,153 0
34,513 40,161 42,671 55,221 0
151,939 176,802 187,852 243,102 0
1,587 1,846 1,962 2,539 0
727 846 899 1,163 0
3,911,782 4,551,892 4,836,385 6,258,852 0
120,415 353,810 375,923 486,488 0
68,475 79,680 84,660 109,560 0

0
0
0
87,280 101,562 107,909 139,648 0

100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
7,260 7,305 8,849 11,881 0
83.2 71.9 82.0 85.1 0.0

g CO2eq per MJfuel
t per ha per year

l per ha per year
kg per ha per year
l per ha per year
kg per ha per year

years
km

kg chips per t cassava roots
l per t cassava roots
km
kg per t cassava chips
l per t cassava chips

MJ per t cassava chips

kWh per t cassava chips
km
km
km






MJ per ha
%
g CO2eq per MJEtOH

References
Setting 42
Mozambique
Smallholders
Low input
2010
References
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011 based on FAO 2011
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on Krzywonos et al. 2009 and Mahimairaja
AL OPTION !!
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on Howeler 2002

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on Nguyen et al. 2008
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b
IFEU based on Howeler 2003
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on Nguyen et al. 2007 and Ecofys 2007
IFEU 2011b based on Krzywonos et al. 2009 and Mahimairaja
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
AL OPTION !!
Nguyen et al. 2007

AL OPTION !!
Setting 43
Mozambique
Smallholders
Intermediate input
2010
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011 based on FAO 2011
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011 based on Howeler n.y. and Howeler 2002
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 44
Tanzania
Smallholders
Low input
2010
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011 based on Mongabay 2011 ,Fermont et al. 2009 and van Eijck et al. 2011
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on Krzywonos et al. 2009 and Mahimairaja and Boland 2008
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b based on Krzywonos et al. 2009 and Mahimairaja and Boland 2004
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 45
Tanzania
Smallholders
Intermediate input
2010
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011 based on Mongabay 2011 ,Fermont et al. 2009 and van Eijck et al. 2011
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 46
Thailand
Smallholders
Low input
2010
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011 based on Office of Agricultural Economics 2009
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on Krzywonos et al. 2009 and Mahimairaja and
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Gheewala 2011
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b based on Krzywonos et al. 2009 and Mahimairaja an
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 47
Thailand
Smallholders
Intermediate input
2010
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011 based on Office of Agricultural Economics 2009
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011 based on Krzywonos et al. 2009 and Mahimairaja and
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Gheewala 2011
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b based on Krzywonos et al. 2009 and Mahimairaja an
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 48
Mozambique
Smallholders
Low input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU/UU 2011b ((own estimations
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 49
Mozambique
Smallholders
Intermediate input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 50
Mozambique
Plantation
High input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011a

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 51
Tanzania
Smallholders
Low input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 52
Tanzania
Smallholders
Intermediate input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 53
Tanzania
Plantation
High input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011a

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 54
Thailand
Smallholders
Low input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Gheewala 2011
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 55
Thailand
Smallholders
Intermediate input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011a
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Gheewala 2011
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
Setting 56
Thailand
Plantation
High input
2020
COM(2012)595
IFEU 2011a

IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
Nguyen et al. 2007
IFEU 2011b
Nguyen et al. 2007
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Director
Second generation ethanol from eucalyptus (SRC)
Overview results
Land use change
Direct land use change in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
Cultivation
Cultivation of eucalyptus in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
Processing
Ethanol plant (hydrolysis & fermentation) in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
Transports
Eucalyptus to ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
Ethanol to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / haeucalyptus]
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haeucalyptus]
Input data per step

Shall indirect land use changes be taken into account (only user-defined)?
Which emissions arose from indirect land use changes (only user-defined)?

What is the eucalyptus yield per ha per year?
Eucalyptus (water content 50%)
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Pesticides
Diesel
Diesel mix
Eucalyptus cuttings
Lifetime plantation
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of eucalyptus
What is the distance from the eucalyptus plantation to ethanol plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport eucalyptus?
STEP 4 - GHG emissions from ethanol plant - hydrolysis & fermentation

How much ethanol is produced from eucalyptus?
Ethanol
Gypsum
Lignin containing biomass - water content
Enzymes (cellulase)
Nutrients
Surplus electricity produced



Land use change
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N)
N2O field emissions
Manure emissions
Pesticides
Diesel
Eucalyptus cuttings
Transport
Eucalyptus to ethanol plant
Eucalyptus to ethanol plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Ethanol plant (hydrolysis & fermentation)
Enzymes (Cellulase)
Nutrients
Sum cultivation & ethanol plant
Transport
Complementary calculation - surplus co-products from EtOH2 generation (lignin containing biomass & stilla
Surplus electricity
Allocation factors
Ethanol - amount
Ethanol
Stillage - amount
Stillage EtOH2
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJEtOH2
Drop down menue

2020
2030
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
alyptus (SRC)
Mozambique Brazil Brazil Mozambique

Plantation Plantation Plantation Plantation
Less suitable land Less suitable land Suitable land Less suitable land
2020 2020 2020 2030
24.6 24.0 23.5 23.9
8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5
3.9 4.2 4.2 3.9

0.4 0.8 0.8 0.4
37.4 37.4 36.9 36.7
2,003 2,942 6,384 3,004
83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8
46.4 46.4 46.9 47.1

2,482 3,653 8,126 3,856
55.3% 55.4% 56.0% 56.2%
13.60 20.00 44.00 20.80
120.0 176.5 388.2 183.5

46.0 67.6 148.8 70.4
96.0 141.2 310.6 146.8
140.0 205.9 452.9 214.1
1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
36.2 36.2 50.4 50.4

Diesel others Diesel South America Diesel South America Diesel others
13 20 20 13
21 21 21 21
100 200 200 100
20t 40t 40t 20t
147 147 147 147

42.8 42.8 42.8 42.8
210 210 210 210
50.0% 50.0% 50.0% 50.0%
34.3 34.3 34.3 34.3
40.0% 40.0% 40.0% 40.0%
19.7 19.7 19.7 19.7

13.2 13.2 13.2 13.2
3.41 3.41 3.41 3.41
9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0
1,189 1,189 1,189 1,189

50.6 50.6 50.6 50.6
Yes Yes Yes Yes

119 119 119 119
108 108 108 108
100 200 200 100
40t 40t 40t 40t
677,285 996,008 2,191,217 984,056
46,790 68,808 151,379 71,561
56,023 82,386 181,250 85,682
18,278 26,880 59,136 27,955
747,384 1,099,094 2,418,007 1,143,058
17,421 17,421 17,421 17,421

115,670 114,494 159,334 160,971
61 97 97 61
269,350 416,397 916,073 411,946
56,458 83,027 182,659 86,348

174,893 257,195 565,830 267,483
95,876 140,994 310,187 146,634
251,620 370,030 814,065 384,831
2,527,109 3,672,831 7,966,654 3,788,007
20,995 61,121 134,467 32,110
eration (lignin containing biomass & stillage)

25% 25% 25% 25%
610 610 610 610
428 428 428 428
44% 44% 44% 44%
53,521 78,707 173,155 81,855
78% 78% 78% 78%
12,636 18,582 40,881 19,326
19% 19% 19% 19%
2,068 3,042 6,692 3,164
3% 3% 3% 3%
2,003 2,942 6,384 3,004
37.4 37.4 36.9 36.7

se Gas Calculator
Brazil Brazil
2030 2030 2030


37.0 36.5 0.0
3,498 6,902 0
83.8 83.8 83.8
46.8 47.3 0.0

4,416 8,927 0
55.8% 56.4% 0.0%
emission. Enter emissions manually in line 35.

g CO2eq per MJfuel
24.00 48.00 t per ha per year
211.8 423.5 kg N per ha per year

81.2 162.4 kg P2O5 per ha per year
169.4 338.8 kg K2O per ha per year
247.1 494.1 kg CaO per ha per year
1.6 1.6 kg per ha per year
50.4 68.2 l per ha per year

20 20 kg per ha per year

21 21 years
200 200 km
40t 40t 40t
l per tkm
147 147 kg per t eucalyptus

42.8 42.8 kg per t eucalyptus
210 210 kg per t eucalyptus
50.0% 50.0% %
40.0% 40.0% %

1,189 1,189 MJ per t eucalyptus

50.6 50.6 kWh per t eucalyptus
Yes Yes Yes

119 119 0 kWh per t eucalyptus
108 108 0 kg per t eucalyptus
%
200 200 km
40t 40t 40t
l per tkm
km
40t
km
1,135,449 2,270,897 0 g CO2eq per ha per year

82,570 165,140 0 g CO2eq per ha per year

97 97 0 g CO2eq per ha per year



25% 25% 25% %

610 610 0 MJ per t eucalyptus
428 428 0 MJ per t eucalyptus
44% 44% 0% %
94,448 188,896 0 MJ per ha
78% 78% 0% %
22,299 44,598 0 MJ per ha
19% 19% 0% %
3,650 7,301 0 MJ per ha
3% 3% 0% %
3,498 6,902 0 kg CO2eq per ha per year
37.0 36.5 0.0 g CO2eq per MJEtOH2

References
Setting 57
Mozambique
Plantation
Less suitable land
2020
References
per ha per year
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011 based on Smeets & Faaij 201

er ha per year IFEU/UU 2011 based on Smeets & Faaij 201
r ha per year IFEU/UU 2011 based on Smeets & Faaij 201
er ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Foelkel & de Assis 1995
e per ha per year !! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU/UU 2011b based on van der Hilst & Faai

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b



IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
per ha per year (allocated)
per ha per year
per ha per year

per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year

per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year

per ha per year
per ha per year

per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year

per ha per year
per ha per year
per ha per year
q per ha per year
per MJEtOH2
Brazil Brazil
2020 2020
IFEU/UU 2011b based on Smeets & Faaij 20 IFEU/UU 2011b based on Smeets & Faaij 20
IFEU/UU 2011 based on Smeets & Faaij 201 IFEU/UU 2011 based on Smeets & Faaij 201
IFEU 2011 based on Foelkel & de Assis 1995IFEU 2011 based on Foelkel & de Assis 1995



Mozambique Brazil
2030 2030
IFEU/UU 2011b IFEU/UU 2011b based on Smeets & Faaij 20
IFEU 2011 based on Foelkel & de Assis 1995IFEU 2011 based on Foelkel & de Assis 1995

IFEU/UU 2011b based on van der Hilst & FaaiIFEU/UU 2011 based on Smeets & Faaij 201


Setting 62
Brazil
Plantation
Suitable land
2030
IFEU/UU 2011b based on Smeets & Faaij 2010

IFEU 2011 based on Foelkel & de Assis 1995
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b

IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b



IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
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Directory
BtL from poplar (SRC)
Overview results
Land use change
Direct land use change in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
Cultivation
Cultivation of poplar in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
Processing
BtL plant (gasification & synthesis) in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
Transport and use
Poplar to BtL plant in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
BtL to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hapoplar]
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hapoplar]
Input data per step


What is the poplar yield per ha per year?
Poplar (water content 50%)
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Manure
Pesticides
Diesel
Diesel mix
Poplar cuttings
Lifetime plantation
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of poplar
What is the distance from the poplar plantation to BtL plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport poplar?
STEP 4 - GHG emissions from BtL plant - gasification & synthesis

How much BtL is produced from poplar?
BtL
Process residues (Naphtha etc.) - total (only user-defined)
Process residues (Naphtha etc.) - surplus
Methanol
Catalyst
Amines
Sand
How much energy does the BtL plant consume (only user-defined)?
How much surplus electricity is produced from the co-products (only user-defined)?
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of BtL to filling station
What is the distance from the BtL plant to filling station?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport BtL?


Land use change
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N)
N2O field emissions
Manure emissions
Pesticides
Diesel
Poplar cuttings
Sum cultivation
Transport
Poplar to BtL plant
Poplar to BtL plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
BtL plant (gasification & synthesis)
Methanol
Catalyst
Amines
Sand
Sum Btl plant
Transport
BtL to filling station
BtL to filling station (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Complementary calculation - surplus co-products (only user-defined)

Surplus electricity
Allocation factors
BtL plant
BtL - amount
BtL
Process residues - amount
Process residues
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJBtL
Drop down menue

2020
2030
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Biofuel GreenHouse Gas Calcu
Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine

Plantation Plantation Plantation Plantation
Less suitable land Suitable land Less suitable land Suitable land
2020 2020 2030 2030
16.4 7.0 16.4 7.0
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
18.2 8.9 18.2 8.9
875 996 875 996
83.8 83.8 83.8 83.8
65.6 74.9 65.6 74.9

3,143 8,379 3,143 8,379
78.2% 89.4% 78.2% 89.4%
12.0 28.0 12.0 28.0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000
4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
93.5 93.5 93.5 93.5

Diesel East Europe Diesel East Europe Diesel East Europe Diesel East Europe
55 55 55 55
10 10 10 10
50 50 50 50
40t 40t 40t 40t
90.8 90.8 90.8 90.8

871 871 871 871
0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005
2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1
6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2
s (only user-defined)?
250 250 250 250
40t 40t 40t 40t
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
616,865 616,865 616,865 616,865
44,384 44,384 44,384 44,384
293,935 293,935 293,935 293,935
266 266 266 266
955,449 955,449 955,449 955,449
62,163 145,047 62,163 145,047
108 253 108 253

1,070 2,497 1,070 2,497
276 643 276 643
12,064 28,150 12,064 28,150
171 399 171 399
75,853 176,990 75,853 176,990
28,223 65,853 28,223 65,853

47,943 111,868 47,943 111,868
82% 82% 82% 82%
10,454 24,394 10,454 24,394
18% 18% 18% 18%
875 996 875 996
18.2 8.9 18.2 8.9

Gas Calculator
able Diagrams References
User-defined
2030


0.0
83.8
0.0
0
0.0%
g CO2eq per MJfuel
t per ha per year

kg per ha per year
l per ha per year

Diesel East Europe
kg per ha per year

years
km
40t
Diesel East Europe
kg per t poplar
MJ per t poplar !! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!
MJ per t poplar
kg per t poplar
kg per t poplar
kg per t poplar
kg per t poplar
kg per t poplar
MJ per t poplar
kWh per t poplar
0.0 kWh per t poplar
0.0 MJ per t poplar
%
km
40t
Diesel East Europe

km
40t
Diesel East Europe
km






0 MJ per t poplar
0 MJ per t poplar
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0 MJ per ha
0% %
0.0 g CO2eq per MJBtL

References
Ukraine Ukraine
2020 2020
References
SEC Biomass 2011 SEC Biomass 2011

IFEU 2011 based on SEC Biomass 2011 IFEU 2011 based on SEC Biomass 2011
ADDITIONAL OPTION !!


Ukraine Ukraine
2030 2030

IFEU 2011 based on SEC Biomass 2011 IFEU 2011 based on SEC Biomass 2011



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Directory
Second generation ethanol from switchgrass

Setting 67
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2020
Overview results
Land use change
Cultivation
Cultivation of switchgrass in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2] 8.2
Processing
Ethanol plant (hydrolysis & fermentation) in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2] 8.5
Transport
Switchgrass to ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2] 1.5
Ethanol to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2] 0.6
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2] 18.7
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / haswitchgrass] 736
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2] 65.1

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haswitchgrass] 2,562
Input data per step

If land use changes occur, go to sheet 'La

What is the switchgrass yield per ha per year?
Switchgrass (water content 15%) 5.88
N-fertiliser 16.9
K2O-fertiliser 41.0
CaO-fertiliser 12.4
Pesticides 5.4
Diesel 37.5
Switchgrass seeds 0.33
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of switchgrass
What is the distance from the switchgrass plantation to ethanol plant?
120
What kind of vehicle is used to transport switchgrass?
40t

How much ethanol is produced from switchgrass?
Ethanol 250
Gypsum 72.7
Lignin-containing biomass - internal combustion for process and surplus ene 357
Lignin containing biomass - water content 50.0%
Stillage - internal combustion for process and surplus energy 58.4
Stillage - water content 40.0%
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) 33.6
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) 22.4
Enzymes (cellulase) 5.80
Nutrients 15.2
Steam (internal production from co-product combustion) 2,021
Electricity (internal production from co-product combustion) 86.1
Yes
Amount of surplus electricity produced 202
Amount of co-products allocated to surplus electricity 184
150
40t

Land use change
Cultivation
Manure emissions
Pesticides 60,029
Diesel 118,529
Switchgrass seeds 245
Transports
Switchgrass to ethanol plant 73,482
Switchgrass to ethanol plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) 41,513
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) 128,598
Enzymes (Cellulase) 70,497
Nutrients 185,015
Sum cultivation & ethanol plant 908,813
Transports
Ethanol to filling station 22,920
Efficiency of internal electricity production 25%
Total electricity from internal co-product use 1,038
Surplus electricity 728
Co-products allocated to surplus electricity 44%
Allocation factors
Ethanol - amount 39,353
Ethanol 78%
Lignin containing biomass - amount 9,289
Lignin containing biomass 19%
Stillage - amount 1,521
Stillage EtOH2 3%
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJEtOH2 18.7
Drop down menue

2020
2030
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Directory About Background data Lookup table Diagrams Re
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2030 2030


18.6 0.0
732 0
83.8 83.8
65.2 0.0
2,566 0
77.8% 0.0%
e changes occur, go to sheet 'Land use change' and calculate respective GHG emission. Enter emissions manually in line 35.
No
g CO2eq per MJfuel



15 years
120 km
40t 40t
250 kg per t switchgrass

72.7 kg per t switchgrass
50.0% %
40.0% %

2,021 MJ per t switchgrass

86.1 kWh per t switchgrass
Yes Yes
202 0 kWh per t switchgrass
184 0 kg per t switchgrass
150 km
40t 40t

km
40t
km





gnin containing biomass & stillage)

25% 25% %
1,038 0 MJ per t switchgrass
728 0 MJ per t switchgrass
44% 0% %
39,353 0 MJ per ha
78% 0% %
9,289 0 MJ per ha
19% 0% %
1,521 0 MJ per ha
3% 0% %
18.6 0.0 g CO2eq per MJEtOH2

Calculator
Diagrams References
References
Setting 67
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2020
References
IFEU/UU 2011 based on van Dam 2009a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
! ADDITIONAL OPTION !!
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b



IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
Setting 69
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2030
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b



IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
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Directory
BtL from switchgrass

Setting 68
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2020
Overview results
Land use change
Direct land use change in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
Indirect land use change in [g CO2eq / MJBtL]
Cultivation
Cultivation of switchgrass in [g CO2eq / MJBtL] 9.1
Processing
BtL plant (gasification & synthesis) in [g CO2eq / MJBtL] 0.2
Transports
Switchgrass to BtL plant in [g CO2eq / MJBtL] 1.6
BtL to filling station in [g CO2eq / MJBtL] 0.4
GHG emissions allocated in [g CO2eq / MJBtL] 11.3
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / haswitchgrass] 419
GHG savings in [g CO2eq / MJBtL] 72.5

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haswitchgrass] 2,694
Input data per step

If land use changes occur, go to she


What is the switchgrass yield per ha per year?
Switchgrass (water content 15%) 5.88
N-fertiliser 16.9
K2O-fertiliser 41.0
CaO-fertiliser 12.4
Pesticides 5.4
Diesel 37.5
Switchgrass seeds 0.3
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of switchgrass
What is the distance from the switchgrass plantation to BtL plant?
120
What kind of vehicle is used to transport switchgrass?
40t

STEP 4 - GHG emissions from BtL plant - gasification & synthesis
How much BtL is produced from switchgrass?
BtL 144
Process residues (Naphtha etc.) - total (only user-defined)
Process residues (Naphtha etc.) - surplus 1,368
Methanol 0.01
Catalyst 0.1
Amines 0.01
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 3.34
Sand 9.68
How much energy does the BtL plant consume (only user-defined)?
How much surplus electricity is produced from the co-products (only user-defined)?
STEP 5 - GHG emissions from transport of BtL to filling station
What is the distance from the BtL plant to filling station?
150
What kind of vehicle is used to transport BtL?
40t


Land use change
Cultivation
Manure emissions
Pesticides 60,029
Diesel 118,529
Switchgrass seeds 245
Sum cultivation 409,708
Transports
Switchgrass to BtL plant 73,482
Switchgrass to BtL plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
BtL plant (gasification & synthesis)
Methanol 83
Catalyst 807
Amines 210
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 9,317
Sand 132
Sum Btl plant 84,031
Transport
BtL to filling station 13,183
BtL to filling station (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Complementary calculation - surplus co-products (only user-defined)

Surplus electricity
Allocation factors
BtL plant
BtL - amount 37,148
BtL 82%
Process residues - amount 8,047
Process residues 18%
Total GHG emissions

Totals allocated per MJBtL 11.3
Drop down menue

2020
2030
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
Directory About Background data Lookup table Diagrams Reference
Argentina
Plantation
Less suitable land
2030 2030


11.2 0.0
415 0
83.8 83.8
72.6 0.0
2,698 0
86.7% 0.0%
e changes occur, go to sheet 'Land use change' and calculate respective GHG emission. Enter emissions manually in line 35.
No
g CO2eq per MJfuel



15 years
120 km
40t 40t
l per tkm

MJ per t switchgrass
1,368 MJ per t switchgrass

MJ per t switchgrass
kWh per t switchgrass
0.0 kWh per t switchgrass

0.0 MJ per t switchgrass
%
150 km
40t 40t
l per tkm
km
40t
km





0 MJ per t switchgrass
0 MJ per t switchgrass
0% %
37,148 0 MJ per ha
82% 0% %
8,047 0 MJ per ha
18% 0% %
11.2 0.0 g CO2eq per MJBtL

Calculator
Diagrams References
References
Argentina Argentina
2020 2030
References
IFEU/UU 2011 based on van D IFEU/UU 2011 based on van Dam 2009a

IFEU/UU 2011 based on van D IFEU/UU 2011 based on van Dam 2009a


IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt eIFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2006
IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt eIFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2006


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Directory
Second generation ethanol from rice straw
Overview results
Land use change
Cultivation
Production of rice straw in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
Processing
Transport
Switchgrass to ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / harice straw]

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / harice straw]
Input data per step

Do direct land use changes occur?
Which emissions arose from direct land use changes?


What is the rice straw yield per ha per year?
Rice straw (water content 15%)
How much fertiliser is necessary to compensate for the losses from straw harvesting per ha per year?
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Diesel for straw collection / processing
Diesel mix
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of rice straw
What is the distance from the rice field to ethanol plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport rice straw?

How much ethanol is produced from rice straw?
Ethanol
Gypsum
Enzymes (cellulase)
Nutrients



Land use change
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N)
N2O field emissions
Diesel
Transports
Rice straw to ethanol plant
Rice straw to ethanol plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Enzymes (Cellulase)
Nutrients
Transport
Surplus electricity
Allocation factors
Ethanol - amount
Ethanol
Stillage - amount
Stillage EtOH2
Total GHG emissions

Drop down menue

2020
2030
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
e straw
China China
2020 2030 2030


23.1 22.9 0.0
156 154 0
83.8 83.8 83.8
60.7 60.9 0.0

406 408 0
72.5% 72.7% 0.0%
No No No
0 0 0 kg CO2eq per ha per year
No No No
0 0 0 g CO2eq per MJfuel

om straw harvesting per ha per year?
0 0 kg CaO per ha per year

120 120 km
40t 40t 40t
l per tkm
250 250 kg per t rice straw
72.7 72.7 kg per t rice straw

357 357 kg per t rice straw
50.0% 50.0% %
40.0% 40.0% %

2,021 2,021 MJ per t rice straw

86.1 86.1 kWh per t rice straw
Yes Yes Yes

202 202 0 kWh per t rice straw
184 184 0 kg per t rice straw
%
250 250 km
40t 40t 40t
l per tkm
km
40t
Diesel others
km






neration (lignin containing biomass & stillage)

25% 25% 25% %
1,038 1,038 0 MJ per t rice straw
728 728 0 MJ per t rice straw
44% 44% 0% %
6,690 6,690 0 MJ per ha

78% 78% 0% %
1,579 1,579 0 MJ per ha
19% 19% 0% %
258 258 0 MJ per ha
3% 3% 0% %

se Gas Calculator
References
Setting 71
China
2020
References
r ha per year
IFEU/UU 2011b
IFEU 2011 based on IPNI 2011


IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b



IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
r ha per year
per ha per year

Setting 73
China
2030
IFEU/UU 2011b


IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b



IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
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Directory
Second generation ethanol from wheat straw
Overview results
Land use change
Cultivation
Production of wheat straw in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
Processing
Transport
Switchgrass to ethanol plant in [g CO2eq / MJEtOH2]
GHG emissions allocated in [kg CO2eq / hawheat straw]

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hawheat straw]
Input data per step

Do direct land use changes occur?
Which emissions arose from direct land use changes?


What is the wheat straw yield per ha per year?
Wheat straw (water content 15%)
How much fertiliser is necessary to compensate for the losses from straw harvesting per ha per year?
N-fertiliser
P2O5-fertiliser
K2O-fertiliser
CaO-fertiliser
Diesel for straw collection / baling / etc.
Diesel mix
STEP 3 - GHG emissions from transport of wheat straw
What is the distance from the wheat field to ethanol plant?
What kind of vehicle is used to transport wheat straw?

How much ethanol is produced from wheat straw?
Ethanol
Gypsum
Enzymes (cellulase)
Nutrients



Land use change
Cultivation
N-fertiliser (kg N)
N2O field emissions
Diesel
Transports
Wheat straw to ethanol plant
Wheat straw to ethanol plant (user-defined - own fuel consumption)
Enzymes (Cellulase)
Nutrients
Transports
Surplus electricity
Allocation factors
Ethanol plant
Ethanol - amount
Ethanol
Stillage - amount
Stillage EtOH2
Total GHG emissions

Drop down menue

2020
2030
Diesel East Europe
Diesel others
Gasoline
Yes
No
5t
10t
20t
30t
40t
eat straw
Ukraine Ukraine
2020 2030 2030


21.7 21.6 0.0
145 144 0
83.8 83.8 83.8
62.1 62.2 0.0

415 416 0
74.1% 74.3% 0.0%
No No No
No No No
0 0 0 g CO2eq per MJfuel

m straw harvesting per ha per year?
4.4 4.4 kg CaO per ha per year

Diesel East Europe Diesel East Europe Diesel East Europe
50 50 km
40t 40t 40t
l per tkm
250 250 kg per t wheat straw
72.7 72.7 kg per t wheat straw

357 357 kg per t wheat straw
50.0% 50.0% %
40.0% 40.0% %

2,021 2,021 MJ per t wheat straw

86.1 86.1 kWh per t wheat straw
Yes Yes Yes

202 202 0 kWh per t wheat straw
184 184 0 kg per t wheat straw
%
250 250 km
40t 40t 40t
l per tkm
km
40t
Diesel East Europe
km






neration (lignin containing biomass & stillage)

25% 25% 25% %
1,038 1,038 0 MJ per t wheat straw
728 728 0 MJ per t wheat straw
44% 44% 0% %
6,690 6,690 0 MJ per ha

78% 78% 0% %
1,579 1,579 0 MJ per ha
19% 19% 0% %
258 258 0 MJ per ha
3% 3% 0% %

use Gas Calculator
References
Setting 72
Ukraine
2020
References
O2eq per ha per year
SEC Biomass 2011
per ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Kompost e.V. 2011

O5 per ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Kompost e.V. 2011
O per ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Kompost e.V. 2011
aO per ha per year IFEU 2011 based on Kompost e.V. 2011
IFEU 2011 based on SEC Biomass 2011

IFEU 2011b
SEC Biomass 2011
SEC Biomass 2011
SEC Biomass 2011
er t wheat straw IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2007



per t wheat straw IFEU 2011 based on Reinhardt et al. 2010
IFEU 2011b
per t wheat straw IFEU 2011a
er t wheat straw IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b






er t wheat straw
er t wheat straw
CO2eq per ha per year

O2eq per MJEtOH2
Setting 74
Ukraine
2030
SEC Biomass 2011
IFEU 2011 based on Kompost e.V. 2011

IFEU 2011 based on SEC Biomass 2011

IFEU 2011b
SEC Biomass 2011
SEC Biomass 2011
SEC Biomass 2011



IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011a
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
IFEU 2011b
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Final version December

About this calculator

How is the calculator structured?

How can I use the calculator?

How are emissions from land use changes calculated?

What are the limitations of this calculator?

Abbreviations and definitions

1 Straight vegetable oil from soybeans (Soybean-SVO) Setting 1 Argentina

Smallholders Low mechanisation No tillage

g CO2eq per MJfuel

r MJfuel kg CO2eq per ha

de Vries et al. 2010

de Vries et al. 2011

Fermont et al. 2009

Foelkel & de Assis 1995

Franke et al. 2010

Jelsma et al. 2009

Pastowksi et al. 2007

Reinhardt et al. 2006

Reinhardt et al. 2007

Reinhardt et al. 2008

Rettenmaier et al. 2010

SEC Biomass 2011

Tan et al. 2007

van Dam et al. 2009a

van Dam et al. 2009b

SVO from soybeans

GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJSVO]

Fossil fuel comparator

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasoybean]

Cultiva on fsoybean Transportsoybeansto ilextracion

Cultiva on fsoybean Transportsoybeansto ilextracion

FAME from soybeans

GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJFAME]

Fossil fuel comparator

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasoybean]

Cultiva on fsoybean Transportsoybeansto ilextracion

Ethanol from sugarcane

GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJEtOH]

Fossil fuel comparator

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasugarcane]

GHG emissions for EtOH from sugarcane

Cultivation of sugarcane Transport sugarcane to ethanol plant

First and second generation ethanol from sugarcane

GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJEtOH]

Fossil fuel comparator

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hasugarcane]

Cultiva on fsugarc ne Transportsugarc netoehanolpant

SVO from palm oil

GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJSVO]

Fossil fuel comparator

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haoil palm]

Cultiva on fFBs TransportFBto ilml

FAME from palm oil

GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJFAME]

Fossil fuel comparator

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / haoil palm]

Cultivation of FFBs Transport FFB to oil mill

SVO from Jatropha

GHG emissions in [g CO2 eq / MJSVO]

GHG savings in [kg CO2eq / hajatropha]

GHG emissions SVO from jatropha

Cultivation of jatropha Transport jatropha to oil extraction

FAME from Jatropha