a eee ie _ New Senior SECONDARY beeps’ Pale | MATHEMATICS pda eee REL LL 3) |CONTENTS 15 16 17 18 19 Matrices Exploration Discussion Quick Practice Exercise .... Challenging Questions. Inquiry and Investigation Determinants and Inverses of Square Matrices Exploration Discussion Quick Practice .. Exercise Challenging Questions ... System of Linear Equations Classwork ... Quick Practice Exercise .. Challenging Questions .. Inquiry and investigation .. && . 49 . 78 a Introduction to Vectors Classwork Quick Practice Exercise . : Challenging Questions... Inquiry and Investigation 8 8 a 99 100 Scalar Products and Vector Products with Application. iS Classwork .. a = 102 Discus aa Quick Practice Sty Exercise a Challenging Questions. a15 Matrices Exploration rear mele ee IO 2 eee ee Flo 8)" -4) pS “(3 -19) eee Aa =(h 3) Discussion Discussion 15.1 (p. 15.23) mm at) TR 4 (J?) neon 2 © PO=PR. Quick Practice (Quick Practice 15.1. 184) Der yor) (8 2 2429 wee) "li a Det S.y~ z42y=Land3w+z=0 1 le, x52, y20, ext and Quick Practice 15.2 (p. 158) aoae(2 ‘Quek Practice 15.3 (p. 1538) CIC HC) Ger 2) 4) By compaing be coresponing lent fot ses, we ‘Quick Practice 15.4 (15.10) cape @ wel 0-9 a 4 monedt HOMEY 0e3-(2) ~142-8 led aie (3) (Quik Practie 15 (p. 15.11) Quick Practice 18.6(p. 18.12) ‘480 20-4 82a 240 i aie=a| 41-3[NSS Mathematics in Action Modale 2Val.3 Fall Solutions Quick Practice 15.7 (p. 15.13) ~H(A~28) +C=(-34+68)+C [6B+(3A)]+C 6B +1-34)+C] =6B+ (AFCO) =68-GA-0) ‘Quik Practice 15.8. 15.14) ©-0) 2 ay (a 2 areen-cvrn-(?, S)-(%, 2) fa tea) (acts ‘oS) Quick Practice 15.9 (p. 15.19) ae ot 4) 1 cudcasay © cabaret) AC 0 3] BAe 3 ale 22 pak(a-aty 2 aie NL -# all-+ JG 2 « nua als o s ae = ick Practice 15:10(9. 1521) e ory 1 ae-( 2G 3) operas pare aa) 4 KD +2X2)-+0N0) G3) 2 5 md 2 = paler ges Oxd+OXD @x0-+0x0, © ‘Quick Practice 15.1. 1822) 10) 10 3 an. ( 23 ew -[enr@ecom exo +ea-20)) {2-1 +2) + (40) KO) + (-DE)+ 412), (3)(Quick Practice 15.12 (p. 1523) : » a» (} a5 O@ OCD wo” | =|02 OD OB eg) AN @O, | 2d eat ‘ie cia OL-D=OO+O) AD 4292) +0O, LJ a aft aya ays 9 } @ &(t clr oh 4) Jfonenrcnn cacnrenoyea 2) Bede ODO Lo {4 3) OA+OH — ODA) , DDH CHED+CDO, «1 = (©) By the result of), when P However, P+ 1 "Therefore, we cannot make the conclusion. Quick Practice 15.14 (p. 15.26) +aNy 15 Mateles Quick Practice 15.15 (p.15.27) Saye oe, -{er21 2-00) COX) + AO) }A)+ A), Ci) (sls 3) ( Fan) + (430) ora) +E) E+, (3) © remyonioniegen #-(' *) Now, we prove thi formula by mathematical induction, -(! =), (: 2). ar o 1} 01 PUl)is tm. ‘Assume PU) iste for some positive integer ke fl my 2 “lo i}o 1 (OO+2K0 ee “Leomeam +a 1 ake? 6%) 1 e+) 6%") =RHS. Pik 1) iste ‘By tho principle of mathemutical induction, (abr tgtcnsen cxerciee ree Fr 1 @ bs (b) 2d om Bm 100 2 @ |4 10 isd «a>[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2Ve13 Full Solutions S ‘4. Bycomparing the comesponding elements ofboth sides, we have a43=5 208 Bysolving, wehave a=1 and b: 5, By comparing dhe coesponding elements of bot sds, Bytag se oat Gd wets 076 ere (dG 7 6s) (reve santo cco) Brn? 226, 8 f: ( x-P-9 X=0+P (G3) eB @) 2x4P-9 1 x=3@-7)+2A+(-28)) =(C+34)+0-28) =(C434)-28 Level? 12, By comparing the comesponding elements ofboth sides, wehave ma+b=6 aben6 Dbed. loans Bysolving wehave a=8, b=-10, c=-2 and a2 13, By comparing the corresponding lements ofboth ses, weave: 5 ravae( : aeane[t a somo) oan Sy Bee: caraneaane(? § S)(5 43) Bete (eS 3) Ci) is 2) mt 7 19) 2 3 927 a3 oH ° 1 Ara)[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2Vo13. Full Solutions Affi 0) (2 0) (1 34 allo aJ*lo 2) \-3 4 8 on no (oy ]aee = verse 158 (p. 18.28) Levelt Baye! (cere @rp+am HO +O2)_ CH-D+O.0) nD la ue ne oa ye ) ere) BHD AND+OKO) 44 17, UXO} HX 4A DI) cr laccareinae Los faaelnas® oo wls ai) Pty aft 9,2 4 one OO Gm "Aa a) "to Wl 2] OC OQ Ha 4-2) (36 2 Bea ee (33) cams ever ono, ON-2) 0X2) OK) i) ers 30+ OO OD Y-Ana¥—12B+4C 2) 9) CHa ay =128-A-4C +| ee QH+ HO+ QE ig aaa 2) MQ) ae ‘pr aanye21.2 r-allarg 1-4 F Liz 2 wy(rinjys 4s wo ailei2 2 a2) 2-4 4-4 Gee 3-2 G4) Ge Set ag 21%: on aag=2X. ayn3x1=3, ag=3x2=6, x14, agn4x21a ay @ az|o 1 2i¢ a2 a}la ae { aie =f0 9 8 18 16 15, BA Tay Ba ce Pax esI=0 «> e3e4 oe 7 ree Asx e710 @) (e=KX-3) x-DX-k-NN Xk 4XD +57 XOX -3K 431 ax8 4x43 @) xP-axsar =(r-D(X-3 & 7 _ it 365)[NSS Mathematis in Aetion Module 2Vo3._ Full Solutions 2 Ya oF 10. -| ees ce (aby? +070") (abyb*) +(67y-0b) (a? a) +(-abyoa®)— —0%b? +00) When a= 3,¢=-6; when b=—1,d=2. 3 i pecan (Ieee) reasonable answers) (0) Suppose AB=0, (2, 3) rents (2, 20) (3) * “A oii A 1a, ta Do(S whew cant ae elnino ‘a 0) (4 0) é a6 q By comparing leet of he ats, we bae: ena on ant2andbet3 2 Te ne mates re 20) (-2 0) (2 0) 4 (2 0 0 3)" lo 3)" lo -3) ™ lo -3 13, (A+B) =(AtBIAH(Ae BB =A? + BA ABS? (Asay aa 2B | | | acres | | | | | | i ‘And Bare symmetric matrices. Asnd 2 =i (aa yt =a + ( SAA +p AAt J+ 4B isalso. symmetric mars, Level 15. (@ (A*BXA-2B) © —2Ra—2apeap (©) AA+8)-BA+B) Abad BA15 Matrices wv 0 wl 3) art 6 } o 2 7 ei | oe 6 a 2. Qx=-3x42)=0, ——* 3 a) 2 | wear} _fis 1 2 aan (Atay eat zane at "ee £403 fen) ae ee (2) (AtRyA—B)e Ae ” an cawr-( 4) Gh) fp? 2) Lea 24) z aaa) B 5 ca a (7 “V5 4 fm at) we 0) | G : fi z) Be fay 3 a wef 23] oe fs eG) wala =A'+BA+AB+E =A) BA ABs (A+ BYA~B)=(A4 BA-(A4 BKB) =A en an— 8 «o> a[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2Vo13 Full Stations If (A&B) = APA2ABe BY ond (A+ B\A~B) =A — 8°, then te folowing mus be me, BA+AB=2AB -BA-AB=-2AB Baal ‘The required condition is AB= BA, 18, (A+B)'=(4+8%(A+8) (A+ BAF BIAYB) SUP BAYAB+ EKA B) P424B+BYA+B) P+ 248+ BAG? +2ABE BB +2ARA+ A+ AB +2488 +B PA 2AABY BARS APB IABP BP +2478 4 AB? 4 A784 2482 + BP 8 6 te aa(! on a, pecstetet ste a bn aha ea] oxo tenbs, : a a8 ox Oat seaees ‘my nV 2 ( onhan aybitaasna Siahstaaaha pees oda toxbn, DB FAL) ay thy bay thy aB-| } uta iaba + iba + azabmn ubar onto +i +azabn FtAB)= f(BA) © Prom the result of), weave (PO+4C0P) (Q-1(0P) FP O)~ f0P)=5 From the result of i, we have (PO)= (OP) S(PO)~ F(QP)=0 ‘Ther ise contadiction. Hence itis imposible to find P and Q such that mont) a+ p= ACCA 8) = AC!) G84 PAB=PhourAl) + f= (ahs A= (A (A + BA = Phono) -@: ‘AB fA=0 (©) From the result of) 6 Ge ‘ermintinersna [2 2 coat 2 ado) er he eo J square 00t of o}eterseo ° > ° ese #00 () For any postive intgern, D°=| 0 6" 0 oor Now, we prove this formula by mathematical indtion, <>3 ‘Assume P(Q ste for some postive integer eo 0 plo oo ood +1, Lus.=pi =D’) #0 ofa 00 slo # ofovo oo thooe, ata 0 0 jo oo 0 0 ee ae Oe) jo oH 0 o 0 ot -RHS. ib tise. ‘By the princi of matemascl induction, 0 0 D*=|0 & 0 iste forall positive integers n ood aoe mens ae ame ad as So Sa rey ints casei 15 Matriees oan sinnd sinn® cosnd ‘Nom, we prow hie formula by mathematical pene When cone sind uas-(, = RES Pay iste “Assume Pi te for some postive integer Le () Forany postive integern, A* std at ds (Se Se =) pet earn feccaecme = (Soares canines aca] _focstsi9. neon (eeeetec | ts ess pronto teats na, “ (es sinnd” forall postive integers m. Se aa) teres Ay" ©wel He) 3 MoAeA-d () Let Pop:AN at = A-T Pa) isin. Assure PG) steve for some postive integer, ie. ae ANIA’ A=1 is tre forall positive integers. (6) From the result of 0), we have MAnAT ‘By adding ll ofthe above, we have AS A=9A-91 el gan sated a Revison Bxerelse 15 (p. 1534) Level i yer 3 ‘By comparing the cortesponding elements of both sides, webbie: ate zi ath =10 By solving, wehavea=6, 2 6 sent) 40" boi, em30and 4 =24 aeaee(? (8 CoP aeere C0 m3) oy wex-24enieta-ctemn ax-04- iat srasoa-) pees1 5 @A-4) 2 AG} 3) fe) (4) @ usB=c WuC-B eee Ty tata? 1) G6 15 Matrices 0) Br aated en? say eaten” AST (A = Atta eT -2 ‘Bis asymmetric mais, «>[NSS Mathematics In Action Module 2V013 Full Solutions noe 0) (5G) (0) From the result of a), we know that Ap Bandas—B. '= 0° doesnot necessarily imply that =O ot Pa-0. 12. (a) 1x3 but (e-are4 0 ono axed 2 ae Bee) 2a-a-(> » Ba 3) em 3x@)+@ saacmwacan-{ 2)(6 2) byanainie Ae? 1) went ( sjon(’ : at G 001 From te result of 100 10 0 01 of and] o -1 0) aealsothe square 00-1 00 roots of Pby puting a= I and a=~1 respectively Loo ) Obviously, 10 1 0} isasquareroot of Level2 15. @) o =uc+38)43aF =(C+38)7 +347 1 ied 143 16. @) Aq[241 2 BH 34215 Matrices o mv? +n + pr=0 20, Let Po):(a+ 5) =A" a eee eae eee Ua eee (Ga re i ae ond Mt dnt pO dined ek ale shya+0) mi m:~on:68m t(a)+ BEA) + ARCH) + BEB) 16:68 Malays an ape at ‘ve square, Ay Bh - 1119 as | as _ rae Disme a Fptegetn te cre ncaa (oes EES) Ceapedt es mobralpetne eens fetbede fasdbee) fit 10 arya t ao we (ezeesey era] eel) Ay cng de one eh [4 (la4b+20=11 nfl) place |3a+2b+e=10 (2) out prea) EEE pesanis ey tte o Solving () and (4), we have 6=2, 3. By substtating 4) (2 4) fo) ‘b=2 into (1) and (2), and solving (1) and (2), we have 8 3) (8 4) lo 4, ea es “fina 9 (9) ee a) oy pe x 4e4 wa 5100 () Let Pin): Mt" a" +t! <0. 19, (a) sao Rus (Cee ‘)-0 2 Misine ee ‘Assume P(k) is true for some positive integer k, ie. tar patas)_g Maur at tag, peer rgtat Whenn=k+ 1, ; 2 ee oe Sa eMart — ant eg) ce = Rs. Mie Disne By the principle of mathematical induction, e440" + 4°"4 0 is tue fr al postive Integers 2(? typ (©) From the resutof 2), the required matin is 2 @) a 5 56 4) a re ees ee oP cp[NSS Mathematics in Action Modile 2V013 Full Solutions Payisine. ‘sume Pb ste fr some ostve integer, Le rons, oor Whonn=k+ 1, Las=4" aa) ot Ne 0 ot ho », (ett asia er 1 (Pt eenee 6 5 j Ru. Pike Disiewe, By the principal of mathematical induction, we Ds efter n 10 0Y1 oo} 23. @ #412 -)4 2-1 Buea a2, BR RAsTa0 (Let Pensa at “Paiste Assume PQ) steve for some positive integer Le ao abeatT. =RHS. Pik + 1Dis te Diy the principle of mathematical induction, A at = ATs tre forall positive integers. (6) From the result of), we have a Aba aT aaa re; By adding al ofthe above, we havehie. Challenging Questions (p.1537) x0 oyx 0 0 4 @ al x oft xo ot xfon x, 00) io 0 =D ey 2 x00) =|1 x olsLas. oly 2. Paiste, 15 Matrices Assume PQ) steve for some positive integer ke. Pike Diseve. By the principle of mathematieal induction, A 0G =| om 0 fis rue foratt MOD aot get gt 2 postive megs n. 20 (7 0 0 [i 20) -j42 2 0 012) [62 42? ot 16 0 0 216 0 24 32 16)[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2Vo13 Full Solutions Inquiry and Investigation (p. 15.35) rs 2. ¥=roos(a+6) =r ovsacesd-rsin sind c038- in(er 0) sin @c0s8'+reas.sind sin 0+ yeo8 vel GE 1) le ahy, (22) ao Drop teh oat she chee thaccadea ‘The image point of Ps -1,-9, 2) fe0s30° —in30°V 0 » Oe Sx) (ane > al) 1 Bye, 7% “ Theimage point of Pis (-1, V3 ). 5. (@) PU, 0) is rotated through an angle 90° anti-clockwise about the erin () 74, 0) ies onthe postive x-axis and OP» 1. When PG, 0) is toated through 9° anti-clockwise about the origin oP” Plies onthe postive y-axis and OP" = 1. Hence, the image point of P¢1, 0) is, POD, (os 5* sins" eos 45°. sin 45°V/1 sin4s? cos 45° J sinds* cosase ho, -{)} eos pee ‘cos -sin)*(1)_(0) oman (8 80) (9 eee AY eo eeae eeu & ae° () ig 16 Determinants and Inverses of Square Matrices Exploration Exploration 16:1 (p. 163) SXOXD + IE) + ABVO)— (600) ~(5}2¥6) -BVEB) -22 (it) 5414242 +649 51-12) +24-8)+6(48) 212 ‘The answer obtained ie same a 2). ©) O das =-35, 428,48, va] — 24 ~ 384202 +B, -3-4)+203}402) (3K-D0)+ BV) + NONE) — ON) -2VOKO) 8 det B=-3B, 420, +B, Discussion Discussion 16.1 (p. 16.28) Consider marices P=(! Be evo 8 At P + Oya det P+ 86.0 + Forany two square maces ofthe same ores A and B, et (4+ B)=det A+ det snot always tee. 16 Determinants and tnverses of Square Matec Quick Practice due ra 61 169 eal] 203)= 312x418) 26=6r+54 Liselsa | RES. ie =4y0-2y)-2y32—4y) ayy =8y? Guy +89? Quick Practice 163 (p. 16.6) (Omri BE ais a2 aie) = OV) 4 N12) 4-H) CHED-OEHV2)-2K30) (OND + OK-D+(-212K)— BCDHD=G12XO)- CHAK) 30 Both determinants equal -30, Quick Practice 164 (168) ‘Let Mig andy be the minor and the cofactor ofthe element 1 in det respectively 23 Ma-[5 9] -@00-0r 50 15 DM, = (DCA) =15 ‘The minor andthe cofactor ofthe element I ate -15 and 1S respectively Ae[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2Vol3 Full Solutions (Quick Practice 165 (p. 16.10) ee meee Get aysAya tans +4549 eT ecceey off Sheo(-E pal aaiAo1 +4za4an tan Toh cal? eff? | ofa theol thoC 2 ‘Quick Practice 16.6 (p. 16.11) pod ed jab jab ed em lecol-[2 fhe ca thal shel pol 2 ‘Quick Practice 16:7 (p. 16:12) @ |x? 3x[[t x 1 alls -a| 02 39-239) —4x(2x7 32) ae Pi ©) li ae[[1 x fi ‘| 1 af[s --{"[o a Had sta 48-67 41=0 @r-9eP-21-9=0 A 15 5 Iv pane ee Bag +(-Days +s Pele et 2 3 =o] Quik Practice 16.10 (p. 1620) P4et(8") det et 48" )= 48 and det =3 Quick Practice 16.1 (p. 1622) 1 a-b oth] h b-e bie 1} cma eta! a ax] b biel 1b asd bte ibe heb hac 1 > eal fia > 1 fi A 1 he 1 1 i a | » ¢| e|-0 > Quick Practice 16.12 (p. 1624) cei) eae @ ipo ji 2 fa iene fear(Qulek Practice 16.13 (p. 1625) @ [437 5 6 -8| P| 3 3-7] 34 3-1 o Sieals, Sluts Quick Practice 16.14 (, 16.26) @ ob ¢ eed ore cra ats| oe tee ee) Jatbte arbtc atbee abe ae 2 flat =@rb4o) =@tb+o) =(a4bs0) fetes Mlatbrala-byb-ol arb bee ct eeach an) serbrore-no-ofo] 4 | 16 Determinants and Inverses of Square Matrices Quick Practice 16.15 (p.1627) eed abe ian 8 Bod 3 eb bec eto a? rabse? Pabere? A a-byo-0] 1 ° o [i vadr® a sdere’ 1 1 DX e(@? + ab-+b2) (6? bee) =(e-byb~0)a? 2 sad—be = (2-bXb—clla + eNla—e)+b(a {o-Byo-cNe-aatb 0) a Quik Prato 16.16.1628) a(t) = 2608 1295 aya? a) sles)? (dey? eta)" =1296 atA=6or=6 aaa’ ‘Quick Practice 16.17 (p. 1629) ZEAE oa) 7) 420A +1) = 6X8) NH) 0) dua? +0) de(A+ D(A? -A+ 1), maa aaa?—a+1) -0 © dew? +1) sdet[(a? + (48-49 +] tA? +1) deta A341) =0 Quick Practice 16.18 p, 1633) BeAaeteo a®SSMathentsin in Mod 29. Fal Stations ~ APs inverse of Ais non-singular ‘Quick Practice 16.19 p.16.38) ist out the coficorof ech element of Quick Practice 16.20 (p. 1637) Set =(-3)(0)- GY) =-4 20 <. Alsnonsingoar, ow =) amis wea G5) oo a-(? ssa-( Quick Practice 16.21 (p. 1638) @ de-A= BX8)—2X-2)= 1640 a Quick Practice 16.22 (p, 16.40) @ [2 4 6-3 FOC“) =-30 a lat bo pst ele | Quick Practice 1625 (p. 1642) (@) °o Aad B are non-singular, et A #Oand det 0 et(ABAT) = det det det A? eA det A (det) deu +0 ABAT is non-singuer Jose (ace) arya uryiriast aa wat Quick Practice 16:24 (1643) meee 12) 0 3, AA 2)_ fo) 0 af %ot oH oH 0Quick Practice 16.25 (16.44) @ der? =(0N-1)-()2)=—320 "Ps non-singular or e-( AG) 6 ran 1 ee =p soy o +1 ‘) ay reel fas 0 rts 'Apel4P\P ap) 46 Deferminants snd Inverse of Square Maties Exeroise arc 164 61610 Tort 1 2 1 ag 2} -0(2)-(2Ye * |r H-ef3)-G)3) Bala 2B 1 4b 2 -s]-oam+carsmsaea- 1 axaK 24-94 -O13K-9 5 K-22) +(40V0-+-94-9 - (04-24-3)-@H-10)- CDE) ‘ =n) + V6 +6852) (6005) - er) -6ya¥) W128 +6868 -W-06 sind sind coe iaeo I +sin = (sind -1)(1 +sin@)—sin? 9 7 @-1~sin? Fane ee eee J] bod 1 aot ft of fof = A089 -I1-(-2) =x(2? ~3r41)-(x~2) eat 9, «>[NSS Mathematics in Acton Module 2Val3 Full Solutions ) °F detAz6erB=4:3 65x 4 Geri 3 1B-1Sr=24 +40 (2ayima)~(3e)emd) = 2rd —Smbo j RUS. onl’ | () S 2deta+3deB=dett cae tat O}+H-4b+ 301 =m{(ay2a)~ (6980) m4a$12-12649=1 =m(2ad—3¥e) 15, (@) det d= QYHH+ HOD +(4(-2K0— HSH) = CHINO) BKB) =229 Met A= =D) DI Cem 2H) Peart () Bxpand along te third ro. 0) Ag =-(4-2, Ag =2e41 det A= (+ 2-(4~2)) (41K) Bed 12. tat das|-s -2 0). apace tiee se Mane (I)(17) + (6X10) + 3X16) 1a el? oy het tfeaaeeft teadan? 3h det A= ay Ay + andy +AyAry 16. (a) ° Ag)» Asa and A5; are the cofactors of the = CHD 422) +OK-9) elements a. and a of the third row ‘epee ays + a1pAsg +0433 eeelaeeeeree a © af? det A = asAs + dashan + ayy FOCI HOKD+ORD Level? | &) A, | 2 Las Ja baa le ae adc) elb~0) ad ac~cb ac adn tind taisAs OD +BH+-NE) cyBA Oy tay ty a)14) + BaN-24)+ (4022) peal 0) ae: 4 18. (@) der =(34)6)0) “(HEHE + OD (HO -CENE)—VG) 221 ©) detana?-28441 5/9205) 41 = 25-265)41 ‘19. (a) Expand along the second column, ao PS Sale 08 =o Fe P| oli v5 5 oats El (25-40) + (V5H-5)+ (V5 )55) =n iSe-135v5 W) p= —145i5 8052-1355 = 1455 20, (@) “only if por: hea, “only par sand interest ‘Slopeof f+ slope of Za Sin ay Aum ay aba 20 a4 Jas by “Ppa: ab Jen aiha~aah 20 ab; #axh, Hg tb Slope of 1; #slopeof La Ly and Za intersect «0 <0 amit ienecttenonyit |* lao zeceerce (th) (id =x) =x? =(dtayetad be and Bare the 00s of det(A—2) =O. eB =0d-be Exercise 168 (p, 1629) Level 1 109 -J2 -2 1 es 149 ean 63[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2013 Full Solutions t 16 15 43 4 s, [-12 5 2slmaxsx7}-3 14 20-10 21| Ean es Sess oe ofS) <> 2 a lp el [pra eer re ler ale ro Eodile a lpretr eetr peasy ep = = 2 i a a ite Boe | rod ho 0 eee apt gt ermal +(p-1KP- 9) oe eG oa 04 lo #2 Bc] eet 0 asd at +ab+d| -xb-o]0 bre Prbere a 0 ash ateabee® (a= byb-0}0 e-a Ama? Dem] e Jo ash atsabes 1 atbee peo +b a +ab+b| 1 atbte ila +b) +e(a+b)—(a + ab+0))-a pr=pavar) ”) 2eabsBh) ab cllab Be o 9. |e ea abl=|demca ca-ab ab| jae | oe aa 1 =(-1Nb-0f 0 a Jarb bre 3 wecmmmotanl 3 a'y| = (@-DXb~Oe-ale? ~ab—ela+b+e)] eerie ee ee? (cra)? (asd? 1 1 1 e 2 é 40% a? (ray —# (o+b)-. i 1 saree Re tema cha-b atb-c| ie een] Satbto) a Waa? Pa Jo4c—a 2a-2 20-2 10m 0) =G-Ne~aNarb+o a? ~(@48) eral brena 2 =(a-bfe-anar bre) Or ot -bcoeebegg| O00 bye ayatb +0226) =2(a-Dyb- Nar be) 16 Determinants and Inverses of Square Matrices ©) dans? de((t 37 +4091 (lM) dew +M) 14 47 ahs 53 ad 23 47 ea 2a ay 10 a1 33 oo 1 30 a Blac 13, 210 ~84 77 Jetseimendis 77 135 108 198 9 9 183 11a SISKIDALDDATAI2 11 ira =o inte sink sn? WA boste oof coe jntaron'a snipscotp anyon sal cota coef cosy 1 1 1 re al costa costp ost| os =o Level zoe 2 ew w(t, 2) [wt a8 DP 45x desis, a|2eex axe BOP) a5 Deis ars x42] ar+5 x47] A Qn +047) C4 292245) = 2x63) 6x2r—)[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2Vo13 Full Solutions et 1 3] =@RI-GHD =2r-1 2x 2 x 4 =enl4)-O) a6 iA) =det Ade B aa ae| sab exAB)=0 6x2x-D=0 reget la a 36, detPe| a 1] nad a1 00 1 at i Ad wet =o" bas 1 23 Jax-1 1 0}+(-2M0-x7-2)=0 mH. {ef thelr ieee (a x2) +4 )-24 20 eG 4Be 24D +e Pade 15x02 (e=1yoe —3042)=0 (@=G-DE-D=0 lor? 2 (@et A deta 0) % @arA-dermiere= “tate -Na=2) ieee al | Oaihi(areee b ath ao] b ath a ab esd] |2a4b asd a+? ao Go bat oa jaro a =Yard) & arb al Hes (a+ b,OK-Blab) +a) 2at2b 2a+2h 20428] |0 x0 16 Determinants and Inverses of Square Matrices mani2 ans > PH =2qnel ot 1 eee eae | a 1 bac ~ac? mea 2| lb Buc =254nr1 1 | jac Pay nt2 10 eee e as 25612 +1~n-2}) lo abet abe? ae eu 1 bas ~ac? eal =(bes}o 1 ec ta 1 bac —te| oot oo bea abe, ab) (obo Flabee » ona (ata? (22? (nso Ooh o® n+)? (46) (neg)? a2? (ney? nt 2K2) nN) An-110)2) nay) Qn48X8) 2n412}6) dnt2P (nay? nel ned nts mh mtd nt (204230) nana saat 2 4 nea 4 12 y ity y z 4 te isty Lexty xty| yoouy y = aee Iertyte Ieetyee Leathe | oy lay y 2 z lee fe a etytaly ley y z 2 Ite 100 sdtxeyta]y 1 | rot From the esl of), when x= 100, = 200 ana 2300, 101 100 100} }200 201 200 }300 300 201 100 100] 201 200] 300 301, 1 101 100 100 1 1 1 100 100] fo o }200 201-200] }300 300301 101 109] 200 201| 0142011003200) +601, |+601[NSS Mathematics in Action Modile 2V0l3. Full Solutions 1 cose cosa eos 1 cos Joos cond 1 24, 1 oc cos L-eos?C cos A-ens eosC} 0 cosA-costioasC 1 -c0e? B |—c08” C1 cor” B) (cas A~cos Boos C? Cun? Bens? A+ 2e0s AcosBeosC ~cos? Boos? C ens Acos Bos ~cos? A+ (sin BsinC+ eos BcosC)x (inBsinC—c0sBcosC) 08 cos BeosC~cos? A+ (sin BsinC + c05 BeosC)x cosa} '=2e0s AcosBeosC—cos?A +008 sin Bsin c+ ‘0s Acos eos (1 cos(B-+C)=coxt180" ~A)==cos A) 10s Acos BeosC cos Asin BsinC +-cos(8+C)] 208 Acos Beas C+c0sAcos BeosC -4e08 Aco Boos Bxercise 16C (16.45) Teva 2 3 ® E jf (sane 16 Determinants and Inverses of Square Mateices eas) moo cof=]-12 6 0 4 © m2 2 0 6 Hs oo 4 025-2709 40 408-2920 42-3)20 xes "canbe any real numb except 5, ares 4 50 ars) (6 4542-5)-150) 40 16.2 22520 (ra1Ndxs15)20 15 15 68 aod rel oan be any real mnterexcex Sang —18[NSS Mathematics in Action Modile 2V0l3. Full Solutions nto = won-(% 2) wwm(2, 2) (aby = -20 1B (apy eo aso-(s e| 55 earn =0 Aa Bi singulas A+ BY" doesnot exist. epee AP=5A-61 es Aea-ayer voien fw fior-e fer 10. tm dont? fama? nsdn? 22min an! Pande rand are not oth 20, then meen 0 Ow en)? 20 data eo Ais le 2m 2a), iso singe u Let be a show-symmetic mati of order Ana’ For 83x3 matrix B,det(-B)=—det 8) det a=0 "Ais singular iT A skow-symmesie mati of oder 3s singular LHs.=(4'y" =a =RHS. PUyistme, Assume P{W) sre for some postive integer Pes Dist, By the principle of mathematica induction, (AY =(4°)" iste forall positive integers Level? aechyciazy a 3 @ ap=|25 7/16 -3 -5 21 -t-s 1 3 -40 0 =|0 -4 0 o 0-4, (8) From the result of), AB=BA=—it Cpabie, 10 6 -WY2 5-4 Ba=|-2 4 12/10 27 25 ay 2) (0) 2a en 200) =|0 2 0| 002 AB and BA are diagonal matices, () From the result of (a), we have A= BA =21 15 ae =| # #6638 a) a aG 5 “lo 0 Hon ett vee 2-1ay=1 7 AG 3-0 9] 0) 16 Determinants and Inverts of Square Mates af) 73 re s Bele ee) (ab) aE Je 9) tC dl ASAT =o (©) Foom the rel ofa) weave AA5A4T1=0 (O2-sayar ns Co ea) ‘3 ee) atts jem ae Dat GD ap aE) to oe a3 9 49 | ae a el ss[NSS Mathematics inAcon Module a3. Full Solaons 3 4ya) (2 1-0 » ( 20-6) a(n) Life 43 42), a (-2 -ay2 The iver ft eure mais ol ahi hy ola ahs 4/4 10) toe Tals 10 (GhnG) (s 2 4 19 ( (43 12 a Meas 29 » 3 (8 10 \-8 (3 0 al wal yd ee 272 of sts aon eas = ae on 20. @) aerarlo > 0 EE ha 5 = yay-3) =20-) - pS eee ¢ Ne jC i) aan 3 -4he a) \-6 2 5 0 9 “Aft $2 sYew) apa sys af © Aft Sloot aan? 9 wl-3 23 -ale a)” a3\-3 2}l-6 2) ab) 2(4 sYa 2 oe? yf} cals ahs 1 @ b)_ 2/1 is a-|t eons tan * 6° abe je abe| a be =abc|1 bc sc ab 0 ab bemae sabe]0 be ac~ab Le @ Jo ab -ea-b) abe]0 b-c ~alb~a) le ab Jot ~e' abe(a-byo-c)|0 1 al le ab ee strbiolorvse bne-a 2 02 each ‘oa sasveof tbl) (at b+0)t4c~a—b—2c)] (arbre? wxe-pe-o)a! =] naile- tb 0le-0) 255 ® fis 41) 931 2s 1 16 4 94 5s? sxaxs| a 5xax3 33? Sxaxs a 1 Fagg OXXDS-OU-3B-5)_ ty) “2 eee wela + © bse eta a+b) 1 eel lasbic atdte atbte bic cha ath eee lee pte cha ad) (arb+0)

2|-s40 = I 2 Aan B ae nonsingular ae ee *3 wia-(4, AI <> E —s » we et ies o 0 aan ae 52) ais al Oo mero ee Belek ene.) ws Aa 9) Racers G4248 32444 )_(0 0) sea 4046248) 0 0] ‘By comparing the elements ofboth sides, we have Ba=0 1 1 wet {ots Leaner2y2 1 A vad= 4 3), 3 1 PU -2 (3 Bog 6 3) Ia 9-20, 1 J 5 eee eee teas feat ee verse Aacr}-ftacnh 4 42s nly -3 12) 34 ) ] 24 16 Joao ) «ap eer semester A rane 3b i 2 sy s 1-3-3)NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2V013 Full Solutions Sat in Action , 0 5, “G ) 30 CS) “Disa diagonal matin. GD APL AP Pm APKP"ARKE AP) =P 'aauaaP PP app" C30 St 3 ei) Aga 193 a0 i) Let Pon:g" = PDP ‘When = 1, LHS=@ =Por* RS, PAD ise. ‘Assume PA) seu fr some postive integer be Qt = pip. = (PPP) o'r Pop RES,integer Pik 1) iste, ‘By the principle of mathematical induction, P() is teu forall positive integers ie. Q"= PD*P", 1 0 oy" 0 0 ww O-|3 -3.of0 1 0 1 fo o# Challenging Questions (p.165) 1 [rita pate peas ath at ats FP th. tps 9-8 Bh any ats at ast SPL AP Sty Mm 2m a+ ate ats +P sat P, 5+ D5 mle Sr re it tp, ates 2m 2m 2s 4 on 6 St at Pa ssh Ps a 4% =042/5 2 oom ri Pe by walang i aa a rp pal Aaa a Aaa ©) [Am + Ate agra, erty ayer dey +a testy ates deta 4 tte dgtal hake dee *}4, ate datalily ahve, degre 4 Myre tera] | are tata, f Square Matrices |: 16 Determinants and Im a ht ae aAlla, thee, ae Ate dey ak deta oe a dey By aby desea, 4 hte 6 Ja ake 6 4 Ate, 6, daa hs be | a th a =! la iy % Ay os a by ee by yey Oy aha 4% be Gy ag ah be, ah | o eye) s(eiae| 4 ahtg Jas Absa a, 4 Abts a, eg Agta, hh Aeta, hs Ata aoa a jb: Ay yg dey Jaa as cs a aaa a be eh | =2 y + =2 + =@ +1) 0) aaa (fom seat (e 8 Serra ee) computing elemets of bth es, ot steme brane lderdyme esata ceo atd=1[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2V0L3 Full Solutions a Fan Fax Fa2| Fas Fn Fas Fas Fan Fon Fao Fay Fan Fa [im Fa Fo+Fa By By Fat F Foo Fax Foo| [Foo Fa Fa lis Fa Fale|Aa Fn Fe }Fas Fay Fas| |Fas For Far =0+0 “2 17 @ Oy oy «417 System of Linear Equations Chasswork (p. 174) (@) tis consistent because it bas a unique solution x= 1, gel. (©) isinconsisent because ita n solution, (©) is consistent because it has a unique sltion x=0, y=0. Casswork (9.17.18) otal) (3x-ay=0 l4rvay=0 ‘The system bas oaly tiv solution, at2y 43 © f4r45y 465 Tx+8y+92=0 423! [1 4 5 | 7 8 9 23 34 3 | 3 =0 "The system has bot vial soltion ad infinitely ‘many non val solations. x30 Sr42y-8220 a4 10-3 32 -9| Lesaysde=0 © calf spol 4) a4 oh 3 =6+26-18 > “0 ‘The system has only teva solution, 17 System of Linear Equations Quick Practice ‘Quik Precis 171 (p. 17.6) Rewrite the system of equation as Ea t 0 =3-)-(Q)=7 ~The solution ofthe system of equations is r= 1 end ya, Quick Practice 17.2 (p. 17.7) Rewrite the system of egutions as ba fh =a ai | eee tae 1s 3-14 x) ft 3 2y H's yfefn 1-1] | 2} 3 4) U7 1-2 55 =p? -2 3f-2 2-8 ajlir (Quick Practice 173 (178) a5 (@) Tecoeticient marixis | 1 0 2. £. The system as a unique solution. eae () The coefficient matixis | 207 ez IF ieee aI “The system docs not have a unique solution. ‘Quik Practice 174 (p. 17.9) When a=-2,det)0 2 B|=0. boa ~The system has «unique solution for all values ofa and b, were ae. ner 155.10 o tevstnonene (! YC) (Quick Practice 1746 (9.17.5) kD 3x Rownte as 2-1 1) »]=| 1-3 if: a A=|2 -1 t]-2k-17, a-|2 1 1-31 ko | 22 1J=-eu2, 4, aa aun @ fi 32 ee) iH 1 3 2 1 on o 1 ° o 32 «a [NSS Mathematles in Action Module 2VoL3. Full Soltions 12 9 Quick Practice 176 (p. 17215) ths seat aol ls 3) 3-22 =-10+8 2 5 70 a1 f= ‘he system has uxigue solution 31 2 o eae -t jaa (©) The coctcent mtixis | 207]. ane 621 “The system hes unique solution when t “I 21a ie kell ‘) a =0 c ‘The system doesnot have a unique saution, Quick Practice 17:7 (p. 1720) s1 apt) fa (Quick Practice 174 (p. 179) eo a a a a2 si) te) 2 bo ‘The coofcient matrix is | a b 9, 5 i -lo os rs -lo 5 08 eg -lo 5 oo “The system has a ungue solution forall values of «and, A where a2. ale (Quick Practice 17.5 (17-14) 00 « 6) Renee snene (! St) reaemmsreretxad-(-)-20=3. “The solution ofthe system is yf -s|-lo -s 1) lo Hence, ewe y—Ze=-Ht lens ‘By back substation, we get eB 20)438) 2-3, Quick Practice 178 (17.23) 1-2 -1/3) fl -2 ays @ [31 a|2l-lo 7 s|— a-tala) lo 7 5 |e 12 ala or s|- oo ol 1-2 oa “Thesysem has no solution. a faa! 4-13 6 (1 22 Hl 1 4 leas 2 6 9 ‘The solution ofthe system is e=-3,y=2,2=3. “ somber. "The system has infinitely many solutions. ‘Quick Practice 179 (p. 1725) Pasay fea 3/4 12s) en . oo =e =RUS, ‘The sytem i consistnt,[NSS Mathematics in Acton Module 2Vo13 Full Solutions Quick Practice 17.10 (p.17.27) Ba of thoft to oe es ie aa|3 -2 2 [40 id “The requted range of kis ll real numbers except—3 and. (©) (When =-3, the system becomes: Taapy pt a3 3-2 -[2|-Jo -s 0|-2 33 ald lo 6 ols 11 fa -o-5 0|2 oo [2 6 Lays or 0f2 3 0 | 0 0 [8 *. ‘The systomis inconsistent when k= 3. (i) When 28, the sytem becomes: 11 ila) (2 1 at 3-2 s[7|-fo -5 1 es a4) lo -5 0 bays alos ul-2 oo ola 1a anya fo 2) 2 3; oo él feta ti sae wot | y= Hea? o=-18 “The systems inconsistent when k= 8, 3 ek 3 (lk Prac 17: (9.1728) Talay (ee it | & me eee fsabllb 3 Ales acertnes 0 0 0 lara Aa all ie lo 1 2| 28 3| 75 aoa any asta vines rciee | +2 rsp (6 consistent when 47 — | ger-3p=0 (©) Wheng +r~3p=0.the tem becomes: Css ? 42 ,02=8 so = By potin, ‘The solution off) is x= P28, ee and z=, where tis any real ube. (Quick Practice 17.12 (p.17.29) @ fl 2 fis) ft 2 43 -1}s3]-[0 -5 ») lo -5 ie | omnes [eat st ytarels Lda), 27 Baacl Qr2ae=b-3 (has infinitely many solutions 2+ b-a=0 and b Hane, wetine j34[ wy Quiet o. »(8) When @=—1 and b «3, we have xe 2yrDe=1s a Lee pe. [2+2(-0 1921 “The solution of the systems sa $2 and = whee any eal ube. Quek Practice 1713 (p. 1735) fee) [sea] ett 1 afaft 1a s -1 4) |s -1 | 3 | 3] ay read 31 2/0) (1 1 ayo! & |r -1sfol-ls 1 2fo s 1 4fo} ls -1 4]o, ere a4 1s 0 4 2a=00nd =f where is any non-zero ral number 17 System of Linear Equations Quick Practice 17.14 (p. 1737) red Tk oY (@) dele 32 fete eI -2) psn 1210) (1 2 23 2/o|-lo -1 11 afo) loa 12 1/0 -o 1 ofo (0 0 ofo, Hence, we have 70 sl By puting 2=1, we have x= "The non-trivial soltons for and z=, where rs any non-zero rel number. Exercise Exerc 17A (p. 17.10) Tevet 130 2-1 onal 2-15] |? L@ () Rete dhe system of esuatons a: (GH [NSS Mathematles in Action Module 2Vil3 Full Solutions ~The solution of the system of equations i. 2 2 it 5. Renite the system of equations a: = 1 12) (2 30 ily] 4 2-3 alle} |-2) fee 30 iJe4 & Tm () Rewrite the system of equations as: 2-3 0 V1 1px) (9 ae 1 % [ : ‘H) 5 32 21 ile) a, 5 ale aes x) (-1 0 1Y9 vfs] 4-1 ~a]l6 Sore y -2 ala 2) (2 11 Sh] leer le 2 a 2 Te | ‘The soltion ofthe sytem of equations isx=3, @ y=6and2=0, 3. Rewrite the system of equations as: 2 -tV(s)_(8 raf) uy : rl 10, th ae ‘Te solution ofthe system of equations is.x= 5 and ya2. 4. Rewrite the system of equations as: 3 -1V/x)_(1 6 ys 3 6-1 sis r= Land POPC EE I aT ae a(F $)-20-0 =0 "The system doesnot havea unigue sation, (Bs 8 Tho coeticient matix ‘Thosystem docs not have a unique solution, ast 10, The cocticient marixis }2 -3 1], | 1 et] 2 1 The system has unique sation. 17 System of Linear Equations Leva 2 AML Revit the system of equations a: ¢ 2FFLG 12, Rewrite the system of equations as: Chg yal 9 = 25 5 NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2Va13 Full Solutions Se teatssnAction Moa fee ae ow pn cepa bag "The solution ofthe system af tinear equation is yectande=2, xoysd-e A {x-2yet-22 [are y=1-3e xoyte a 2y422=1 Dey 3s Rese the system of equations as: bt ae(} ‘eo ‘The sytem has unique solution fr al rel values of excep =(1+24)-@-9) =4420 ‘The system es unique solution if 1 2a) da} 0 1 3|a0 “231 ie 442040 ar ‘The system has a unique solution forall rel values of a except-2 t eens 1 :| fe ‘at det)3 ta rawations all eal values of ala values of ‘The syiem has unique solution if ie aaj 1 -1/40 Free ie. (a-1ia+3)40 ae land ae-3 ‘The sytem has unique solution forall real values of aexcept 3 and Bl 18, The cocticient matixis [1 —a Altea 3A a) |3 4 galt -2 -2)-|1 - cea Rien Bo -4 an sft -e-t on -4 og 5° [Sel H+ @+Ka~3) na!-2049 ans 20 eles et] a 2 |0 forall real values of pr + The systems 2 unique solution for all rea values ofa. 19, Rewst (6) as: 2H ma 2 =a 2 gals 1 a fela 1 rai} |a ey 4-2 He 0k and (2) has a unique solution wien a22. 17 System of Linear Equations Sree St Linear Equations 2% and Xa solutions of AX-= AKi=Band A= B AUX, 4-2) (GX) + AIO) 2) =HAX +0-Axy f+ die ~2 "EK + (1 Bs also a solution of AX= for all real vals of 46 @ a-}1 a. () Rent the sytem of equations ax: a Be 121 7-61 eo Tans one ea ‘The solution ofthe system of equations is x=6, and 2=4, Exercise 17B(p. 17.15) Levelt 1 Revit the system as CE «53>NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2V013 Full Solutions ERE : l CC) ( ERY E [ CEG | Ene :2 (6r—3y422=6 sr6y—20 ee, Rent the sytem ss 6-3 22) 3 6 -2|/y/-\6| 23 6 Ke) I ae 6-32 a=|3. 6 -2/-336, a6 6 -2]a300 63 6 6 36 rare tetas ena 236 4.21 aaa pet3y-eet [-2-2ya3e=1 Rewt the system as 3-1 2/2) (1 203 -illy[efi 1-2 ale) ly 3 41-2 Paes 203 -ife2, aft 3 fen 1-23 ce 314 cee 21 -alet, a-|2 3 afer nna 43 12, Revit the system as E23) ete (pea ale b cl-far te c jt? | fate ee 2 1 System of Linear Equation o o4 Steere cel 1 a asd bee | fan asd bee| ~o-ne-0and (a-bP +(b-e? +(e)? 0) =Alb-o)* +(a-cXa~H) — Hla -bF 0-07 e097] (rome) u200-280) Papeete ay) +608 +(e} He-a?>0) "1 crom(a)) bt | e138] ale bea 0 ane jena 0 be| =la-c}? + (b-eXb-a)} x Pr(e= ho? +-0 a(e-0F1 FH(0-b)? 00-0)? +(e~0)" GMa BF Hee? He-a)) 1 1| 1 boa ma eb o| ab a Hla? +(e-bKe~2)} He Heb +-0)91 eo = Ha-0P +0-0? (6-0) Bercece a ww C3) © (21-6 3a) “lo ~1|-2, (tl ss en 27 By back substntion, we getx=7 ~2¢ “+ The solution ofthe system is x=3, The solution ofthe system is =a, y=—0 m0) @ |4 3 02 30 @ [4-3 02 1 10-40 3 jo. -4]2 ult o 2] 2] 2 913 By back substation, we get 2,4 1 24pm? md x24 Q)=1 I=F3O=2 md x10) ‘The solution of the system is a3,eas) i Tithe am Shaki i ee a 3 a ea. ei nia ig mae a = ea iid. ers Ve Pecks faeces . « s 3 . : i i 5 5 were 2 x 3 i o j ae oe : ea a oaS Bigs) | cua Gish a) Fer Ser ele es peek -8 ales : z eBy puting y=, we have sears “The system is consistent wit the solution 0 setlianystond 20 Whereis ny real umber. ‘The system is consistent with the solution eee ee 1) (1 2 312 alla 1 2{-1 . k “1s 4 zat 2 -|0 -7 -7| -7 07 7 leeg, 1d fiay| tee Lok on t]-|o 3 e)lo1 1 -lo[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2Vu13 Ful Solutions ‘The system is inconsistent when k= 0. ‘The system cannot have finitely many solutions for any values of. 5 -fo1 Shag oo tla fenyt2e=d sale rows wotne | ye Heats a Bybicksthsion we ast y=14- 8 ~€D=20)=1 ‘The solution of the system is x= 1,y=-1,2=2, 12a a 14 |-2 0 1/2|-fo -2 0 2 1/0) lo 2 ea -Jo -2 o°0 = 15, (@) a -1feo 1-3 p 1 oly A) +N} +(9) =9p+32 The system has a unique solution when df=2ies| 25-1 1-3 p ‘The system has a unique solution when 20. 1-2) -3 [2 as) 2/4]. 1-3-2 ° Hence, we have o=9-22 "The systems consistent wien 4 =22, By ping =24 2-31] satel wehave y=‘when noel, sy real number (x+y +2e=0 3, eb Hence, wehiwe {y+ O=b+e~3a The system is consistent. ‘The cequred relationship isa + + (©) By puting 24, weave The olaton ofthe systems x=, where is any rel 2 ales -2 6] +2 m1 ale-2 ne et ee -|o -2 6] bea 0 0 of ze 121) oa ~jo1 ~s| 22 00 0 [2x7 -k~6 [x+2y42=-2 Moose wohive | y=3¢=—Kt2 0-28-26 ‘The system is consstont when 24° 60, 28 ~b-6=0 Ok ~ ©) When k= 2, eves 2=2-7h,y=41~2 and 21, where is any real number. By puting z= 1, wehave y= 3 seacifae 17 System of Linear Rquations Sten Linear Eguatlon: Pees where ris (© Bypating Tt, y= 3t—2and 2 tino ij 4-3 y-32=0, wehave ra-m-fo2)-4e0 Bsa a0 18 ‘The system is inconsistent when te} ° Hanes net { 134 we @ |2 -5 8 1-24 fry edema y=0 ‘By puting 2=1, we have x= te, “The solution ofthe system is x=—, y=0 and 2254 wheres any real umber, 0) By puting x= 4, wehave 4204-4 Paared=0 19. (@) ~Thesytem docs not have a ungue soln. aaa -1 3 al=0 1-1]NSS Mathematics in Acton Module 2Vul3 Fl Solutions 3 4[.J2 Joa SHE aH fe lop+545-0 0) (1 12 nj 3 4 Aa 34 i} -jo 1 s/2+8 0 0 ol a2 i a-y2emg vows wetwe | yoe=2 o=9-2 ‘he system's consent when g~2=0 lege (©) Prom terest of), we hve fx-yr2en2 yes By puting =r, wehavoy= 123 + (12-3) ~29= 145, “he solaon ofthe aye isx-= 45, Y=12=Srand 1, whee Fs any ral pombe (ov fentyndzn-2a =f etsy tden2e ys, xoye2e=d From the result f(b), we have 2y-2e-10 | ee2yees10 fea td—St Y=12-3, where tis any real mumbes, 04504 302—a)-1 25715004 252 5° —649)47 £25347 ‘The minimam value is 7 when "The coresponding vas of sy and ze: 2=14-50)=-1 2-0/0) (1 1 ak wm. @ @ |4 1 2lel}4or fe 11 ale) (2-1 ofo «ap ‘The systems consistent 2 k=O or 2 When k= 0, we have fet y+z=0 2 +2200 os By poting z= Tre solution ofthe systems xt, Si and 21, wher sis ay ealWhen k=0, wehave Ixtysen0 2 2e20 ona 12) =0 1 0 o£ When t=0,2=y=2=0. © $320 246k 28 +73 2k—11k-3) “he system has augue oton when ea ere 3-1 e-ilso ent -3 6 "These us auiqu ston when a» and ke3, ‘When F=3, we have 24/3) 1 2 4 3-1 2/4f-lo 5 -10 43617} lo s -0 ia -lo 1 Hence, we have f 3 5 00 o ks 3 | -2ysden3 yode=nl + The system has ntnitely many solutions when kes. | 8 Wes to wet al fi -2 4 4{-}o -2 1 17 System of Linear Equations 1-2 4/3 for -S]4 2 oo ols ix2yede=3 Hence, we have oss ‘The system has no solution when 4 (0) When be 3 and &. 2 ee oye os a -tetfallo 5 eas ket -3- 6 |7) (0 2-1 2 3 6 4-38 f 24 ta -[o 0 I f 0 1-2 413 +o 1 oo an ao2yedee3 ra sene |r 33) 5 er woenk=3, From thereto, weve fen2y-ede yt ‘By patting 2= 1, we have y= 21— xeb420r— tye "The olan othe ym is 1 750 e=t whee iy el eum4 > | eb crbvo\|e = Hlerbe onle-bF +: “The system has aunque solation when abe > aleo cad When a b+: abe bea cab swe ave o ‘abe -|bea ooo ‘thas a unique soluion when @+b+¢#0. Jeo ne [NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2V0L3 Full Solutions > | 2)? +(a-0)41 ele 4 ae ieee atbte arbre > a p+atey > 4 peatr) : ska bteya? +646? —be—ac~ab) ‘The sytem bas infinitely many solutions when arbscnOandp+g+r=0, Exercise 17D (p.17.37) Levelt a) us 54 ‘Loft fol: we ataescn Es meee eee 3 del? 1 0 a 8 b 1 4 ht h -2 | a ‘The system has non-ivialsolutons *0 ‘The system has only the tivil solution "The system has nonvialsolaions. 1a ‘The sytem has non-trivial soltions 10 -# mk oo af 1 Heike seg Lo “The system has non-trivial solutions eae 1 -k 1-0 4 (COP LekeHe=o WB -k-220 @a-3e+y=0 Gsna?—k41-3)=0 Geek -2ykeD=0 k or 2 ‘The sytem has nonvialsolations. Ha & «0? -4=0 (i -1-2ye—142) aye 2, Bypuinge=t.wetine y= 21, ee, {Bowes "The solution ofthe sytem is x = where isan real number 3-1 Loy (i 3 4 wz 2 —alolle 2 slo ols 1-3 4 ‘The solution ofthe systems 251, wheres any rel number. 1 0 ea 13. @ aca} 3k ta 17 System of Linear Equations ° ° | 4-50 ee Pe eigen jl) -3 4 dean Hence, we have By ping ‘The solution ofthe system is 251, where is any rel number, Brouseny Brty-2200 12, faxt3ynye32 ~|oe42y— a0 xedeeety vee pe ta eye: 0) fu ies o} (a1 -2 ° weSrrely a "The solution ofthe system is x =f, wheres any rel umber, 1 3 Bt ba] wo, = 10 -1Ke = =(kK-DGk-#) -tik-D-3) kl 02 «05>[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2VoL3 Full Solutions Forth sytem with nontrivial solutions, 10 By putting =, wehave y=¢ and x=—t “The solution of the system is x=—f, y= and f where i any real mmber 102 bel) [12 eal 4 @) ales 11 feleen 1 1 ob a ili “5 2 bs clea aa oho os ks Ee | =e e—5Ke+4) =k =H» oe the sytem with on-tivilslntons, 12 eal ee 11 ree) kep oe 1 (0) When b=, we have 12 apo) (1 21 1-1 1/0]~/0 -3 0 0) lo -3 0 prales| ‘The solution ofthe system is =~, y=0 and = where is any seal number. @ 18. @) 12 2/0) (1 2 210 2-1 1/0]-0 -s -3]o, 31 3]0) lo -s -slo 12 210 -|o 1 Jo 00 ofa, tayt2e=0 Hones, weave | 3 Bas! By puting z=, we have ess ‘The solution ofthe system is S. yoo Ze and z=, wbererisany el ounber. Using he result of), put = eatin x 4y*=22-1, (3am fxe2y42e=ke [-bx+2y+22=0 r+ y+22=by ~|2e+(1-by+22—0 arvayecatr [2e+2y4(t~m Toe a ga] 2 I-k 2 fo 0) =G-b]2 -k-1 0 eee =6-He+n?220 ar 20 For the system with nos-trival solutions, ieee 2 1k 2 [20 2 2 1k (©) When k=-1, vehave 22 2/0) (1 1 1/0) 22 2/0[-[0 0 ofa 0) (0 0 ol, peas) and 2= 1, where sand tare any eal nunbers. When k= 5, we have 42-240) (2 1 1 2-4 2/o/-(1 -2 1 Aiea) 1 a Henee, wehave {779+ 2=0 yor=0 By puting =, we have y= and x=21—1=f, “The solution ofthe system wheter any real number waynes (©) From the result of), we put aytyetore 7, rina 1m mG Reson Bree 17 (9.174 Level 1 see EHH 3 tat ae]? 1k 1-1[NSS Mathematics n Action Module 2VaL3. Full Solutions a or2,ae}2 1 k/=0 When i =r 1 ~The systemhas nique soliton for al values of & 24k xcept 1 ad. Aya] 2 -ileree2a.-]1 1 2|6-ae ne 10 4. Tecoefciontmatrixis|=1 2 ay 2-41 k a 2-1 kj) |2 -1k els ete R467 i R466 | eee | anes i | : Tepes ceee eee: | except =1. i ae 2 1x6 2-413] 141 4j Po J-2.a,-f0 2 slo 6. Revit he system as baat) see fe | re 12,8, (x+2y—de“2 a Hence, webave | y-3e=0 sea Ba fie fori varie [ vie eee 11, (@)- ‘The coefficient matrix is SE HDA kG 2426 : seems ares “The nystem his a uniguesouton fo al real wales of 17 System of Linear Equations 12, Rewrite the system as: 24 -1)f2) (0 07 -plfyle|s 31 -lz) lo) 23-1 07 -p|= 31-1 3h = (asa usigue solution when p #1 23-1) (+p tp -20 egezle| bee 7) 31-1) Lape 2p 23-1) (ep 2 p47 07 -pl=|-3p 1 2p Byes) Ale ze 4 aay 14p 2 -3p47 ‘ - -3p 1 ap Ee ep 2 -ptT\(0 poe ear eH -a 7 1 io . (Bphasaunigue solution when a#NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2¥ol Full Solutions (©) Whena=1, 11 isa) 13 2l6|-| rt af2} lo 4. @) ‘The stern has non-tivilsoatons, 13 -AJo) (1 3 4 © |2 4 1/ol-o -2 3 0) lo -4 6 Absa: ieee jo 3 ood ° o 9 0) ° 0 [x+3y-z=0 ie By putting 2=1, we have ea pesreimerd a wo fe aed AME ALE =k -3) + -1)- (+4) Cees’ 3K) ee when (©) When k=7, 3-1 Alo) (1 3-7/0) 7-4 1 {ol-|7 -« 1 Jo} 13 -7]0) (3 -1 ilo ea 16, (@) Thecoeticient mais | a bc | j ica | Beet Epos | oo | =(e-bye-v} 1 | eee eee seme vele'y cul | bb —ee-a) j | are | ab cleo | Cae wed i Thesrten ia ige htim. | | e-tye-ye-) | a eset cor E a | fa=IXe~1Ne=a) | at ba ea Pad =(2-DO-90-a) = =O) -for 1/2 0.0 lpg, (x+2y-2e—r Hence, wets | yz uu Onpegtr 28 + Thesysemis consistent ‘The requied relationship isp ~g-+7=0, (©) By puting 2=1int he est of (9), we have thereat of ie 9 Ros Teme one 282, zp yous Band 2=1, where tis any rel somber, ri 2y-2e=-1 ~|-Gx-2y42c=1 [-tx-2y+22=1 [42-2y+22: © lar~2y 42 ny solutions, enn aw (33 eae nial { ale a als eer 5 | qs Flos a es) a3 . i oF 0344p -1-2p | sep, A 4 2 -1 5 a3 qo 1 54) a8 in it 0 0 4-29 | 46~p-39—4pa, ‘The sysem has infinitely many solutions it ‘The systems consistent as there exists some teal values of such thatthe corresponding x,» and satis all equations in the eye. 3-1 ke 4 Jaz kot 2 a 1 fee? a esa k ih? basalts | \~2) (kD) 40-4 2,428) = -2k(k-2) The system has nonzival solutions when k=O 2,[NSS Mathematics in Action Mode 2V013 Full Solutions () When k=0, 3-1 2/0) (2 0 2 0 1[o]-|3 -1 42 ilo) 6 2 10 Bled 42 feo} alo -1 2 10 -jor oo Hence, we have By puting x=1, we have 2=—2r andy =f 77 ye slaon ofthe systems 2 wher ts any non-zero el mame When t=2, 14 3-1 afoy (1 -5 51° 42 afol-a 2 1)o 42 1/0) [o o ole rea 3 10 easy oo (©) From the result of), when k=O, we have tyatand pol pat 2 4 shove =10-(4p-2)4(p +27) 24p-NKP-3) ‘The sytem as nora solutions when p= 1 © Wesp By ping 2=f we have oy Pe solution ofthe sysom is x==2, = ~fand ‘et where is any non-zero real numbet oy 2 4 ol-Jo o 0 0) lo -9 -13 12 40 jo 1 Blo 9 0 0 oo, fxeay seo ° o ° 124 tag a3 vane senn [ +Bra0" yeGe Dy puting 2=2, weve y= 2 20, wef Bian “The solution of the systems 13 By ana as real mmber. eres any non-zer0 (©) From te result of), when fxedy 4 [ae~y43eany nor-ze~0 o -m+Ty=0 Ba, abi -+90 -Hs2K,=50 2-7, =10 Hence, wehave 17, ~27, 47, “14%, =50 2-1 0/n) (70) ie 1-2 affz.|-fo 0 -1 2jlz) (so) 2-1 ofr) (1 2 1] 0 1-2 1/0|-/2 -1 0] 70 0 -1 2/50} lo 1 -2|~s0) =a i 80) -[0 3-2] 0 0 1 -2|-s0, Byback substiution, we have T= -80+285) =60 SC. WE, = 88C =}, snot posible solution ofthe system, Inquiry and investigation (p. 17.47) Activity and Discovery * 219-6 3) Cl) iS) Hence, we have a+ 2b» 0 and zea OQ)cnet a. aa a] ‘23 ae) (0) 0 1]3 ana]3 4 1] /-10). Hence, wehave e+ 24 1 and d=3 ssi) 0 ee ] j | \ | | - a f=) a | I moos (SSE) (2 300) | Hib | | (22 ee By bck substation, weave e=5,b=-2, 1 as ayo) (11 20 0) ea 5 = eit 219) Bes ele a o Phy 55 ifol 2 3 alo sinc wetaw o-bdn0,de1 ie 7 a bs (ae a iy 62 on ap Moss) ° fff17 System of Linear Equations a7 Sytem of Linear Egpations 1 laserdy=0 Festienme | ody ‘By beck substation, we ve f=5,¢=3,, 23 1/0) 3 41/0) ss nea 34 [2a a[NSS Mathematics in Action Module 2 Vol3 Full Solutions 418 Introduction to Vectors Classwork Classwork (p88) @) @ BB, HO, OF, Déor GC (b) AE, EB, FO orother teasonable answers OA 0 CO G, DA on GE Classowrk (P1838) Classwork (p.18.21) 1 @ @ 3-3) paar. ty sing=—F cos IES + © 0 64 6 fear? aie ay sind NS cos = 2. @) Ab 0) Tae-Convetvinss} (© s4429+01-Sp=(-a14 6p +I-S) (3+2+6-5)) J Classwork (p.18.28) @) Aral © pia earo es ©) © ~S45-3k Peso aS ©) @ M424 42k hee Chasswork (p.18.35) 1-0A+2-08 0A+208 Oh paar 3 7-0A+3-08 _104+308 Ong 743 10 2014108 ai. @ Gea sO 8 at Quick Practice (Quick Practice 18.1 (9.18.7) PO-RO=PO+OR =PR (R545) = RP =PR PO-RO=-5 +P) Quick Practice 182 (p89) tis AN zl BA+ 2a 5aG in ig He. el | < @ o a @3D ui wo ae ue (i) "The roquived unit vector Quick Practice 18.4 (p.18.13) (ME 1 EN 11 DC and ME = FV (Quik Practice 185 (18-18) PO=RS Gs+Ga+ib=(-2-90+66+6b Quick Practice 18.6 (9.18.15) PO=a+m(a—b) =0+ma—mb RS =mGa-b)-25 a= (+290 POURS lem =m “3m Gm+2) Et 23? (m—2\Qm+1)= 0 m=2 ot 2 Quick Practice 187 (p-1822) 35+ (L-com Ct—ng) =3}+ (4-29 =4leg Coordinates of $=(4,1) (Quick Practice 18.8 (9.1823) {h) Let Be the angle between OS and the positive x-axis, (8 =PR=1+5} Coordinates of S= (1,5) ies in quadrant. a= = 5 ros 26 78:7 (cor. tothe nearest 0.1")NSSMuthematies in Action Module Vol3 Full Solutions (© pPR-O0)-parsp-ce2a] Quik Practice 18.9 (p8.24) (a) OC=(2+N0i+ 408 = +1ais s+ Aei-D 241) 42a +IS(4+)—AY Bienen) i+ T+ Ok) +2} +28) Quick Practice 18.12(p1831) (a) E+E + EA (EF +2) +A BG + EA FG +66 EC + E+EA 21+ 4J-24)+G1+6}+1)+-61-2)-K) 448} Length of BC = E48 +2)? = =o +0)42 geen 5 pide 50 Quick Practice 18.14 (p.18.37) oo A+ nmoB gone maT ann Pay maT 1 ym “3 as (From the results of (2) and 9), we have <> Quick o } ¢ Bert Level2K) vehave ‘Quick Practice 18.15 (p.18.38) ® Oa=31-5 OB=-21+45 gp 20As308 243 Let Ofi=si4 yh ek. 204 +308 5 atospe ne AE Baek 3H, IBY Sen, Sama) By solving the above equations we have * OB =2i+ 544k Exercise Exercise 184 (p.18.16) Levelt L @ GeBrpa RO=RC+EH ie RC-TaC Spedq ger ganga yD 3 1 pera PR=PA+AR o2i+lac Beas dips He t0+0) » 18. @ » wa «should be four [ass a0] PAI xy TE oxo fee 48, (@) Consider the pralislogram OER. Consider the parallelogram OPAB, 0 0 car EDO" ap Dia a2 nr =[eet-2na{-3) “£ (i) Since OEP and OFA are 90 etal porllogrn, hei age AB und BF ae cutie i ‘The required unit vector = = in “22 woo oe ple (ete imma? a) Cem ee Dyeing m2 wen 2m =3 mm o fn ar 18 Introduction t Vectors smxQ): Aang =I + 2m, —2myen, =O mh +2m,—212)=0. (by (2) md +2m~24=0 (0m +830, -4)=0 mad or -6 From (2), when my =m = 20. @) » H-Zic+oa+9-00) bya) A ~Se4a80) ~ton208 21. (a) AB=AR +B [+ (m—Dg}—Lim—Dp~2g) =G-menp+(m=142)q mp Home Wine =Ke-Hh 49+ 64)~lon-p 24) -m=0p+ (6424 S—mp+ 0) HA, Band Care collinear, AB MAE m1 w—1m+27=0 (m-3Km-9)=0 m=3 or 9 (©) When m=3, AB=(6-3p+rna=p+4q +84=2p+4q)[NSS Mathematics in Action Module Vol3 Full Solutions ae wie) is 256 Bea vor | 1 Ponsa ptnga pot) 23. (a) PR=PB+BR 2PR ‘Pitand RC have the same direction. P, Rand Care colina. Bxercise 18 (p.18.25) Leva t 1 @ a tea) 2 «ay ©) T=6-m1+15--ay = 328) (© Hi =16x—1)-(m+ nt +n=2)~2nih = Omi (n42)5 © pA vB © pr=fearet V5 snonye () The required magnitude = 2 +(-1)* = V5. 2st Teste gent!) 334° (or toldp) (0) The requited magnitude = y(-3)* +¢¥3)* =2y3 ~31+. 3} ies in quadrant I(st-ap-(6l4p) 3i+j OB =2431 Pa G-2+ 1-95 iol PR+PG=[2-Bi+04Di-0-4) yey) (6+ p-C+2p 4 ‘The required vector = 34 -2C eeIE Mathematics in Acton Module 2 Vol3 Full Solutions eee 2+) Im=1 ino (D, we have B. ‘A= 286 (—Dl+d-D= m+) SH 0-D. 4i

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