Reported speech

(Сдвиг времен в придаточном дополнительном при главном предложении в

прошедшем времени)
Direct Speech Reported Speech
Present Simple Past Simple
She always wears a coat. He said (that) she always wore a coat.
Present Continuous Past Continuous
I’m looking for my keys. She said (that) she was looking for her keys.
Present Perfect Past Perfect
She has written three letters for her friend. He said (that) she had written three letters for her friend.
Past Simple Past Perfect
My friend gave me a bar of chocolate. He said (that) his friend had given him a bar of
chocolate.
Past Continuous Past Perfect continuous
I was lying, he said He said he had been lying.
Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous
I have been working hard. He said that he had been working hard.
Past Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous
She said “I had been living in Delhi”. She said that she had been living in Delhi.
Past Perfect Past Perfect
'I'd tried everything without success, but this new He said he'd tried everything without success, but the
medicine is great.' new medicine was great.
Will Would
I will finish my report in two days . He said (that) he would finish his report in two days.
Can Could
Now then
This/these That/those
here there
today That day
tonight That night
Yesterday The day before/ previous day
…days ago …days before
Last week The week before/previous week
Next year The following year
Tomorrow The next day/the following day

Exercise 1: Change this direct speech into reported speech:

1.“He works in a bank” - She said ________________________________________;
2. “We went out last night” - She told me ____________________________________;
3. “I’m coming!” - She said ___________________________________________;
4. “I was waiting for the bus when he arrived” - She told me _____________________;
5. “ I’d never been there before” - She said _______________________________;
6. “I didn’t go to the party” - She told me _______________________________;
7. “Lucy’ll come later” - She said ______________________________________;
8. “He hasn’t eaten breakfast” - She told me _____________________________;
9. “I can help you tomorrow” - She said _____________________________________;
 Reported speech. Present Simple/Future Simple
Если нужно сказать — He says, He has said, He will say (времена
Present Simple, Present Perfect, Future Simple), то при переходе к косвенной
речи в придаточном предложении время глагола не изменится.
Прямая речь. He says, “The weather is fine.” — Он говорит: «Погода
хорошая».
Косвенная речь. He says (that) the weather is fine. — Он говорит, что погода
хорошая.
Прямая речь Косвенная речь

Present Simple Present Simple

He says, “I go to school every day.” He says (that) he goes to school every day.
Он говорит: «Я хожу в школу Он говорит, что он ходит в школу каждый
каждый день». день.

Present Perfect Present Perfect

He has said, “I go to school every He has said (that) he goes to school every
day.” Он сказал: «Я хожу в школу day. Он сказал, что он ходит в школу
каждый день». каждый день.

Future Simple Future Simple

He will say, “I go to school every He will say, “I go to school every day.” Он
day.” Он скажет: «Я хожу в школу скажет, что он ходит в школу каждый
каждый день». день.
Время глагола при переходе к косвенной речи не меняется!
Примечание. В примерах (that) взято в кавычки потому, что в косвенной
речи оно может опускаться. /He said the weather was fine. — (Можно сказать
и так, без that)./

Косвенная речь. Повелительное наклонение (Imperatives)

Повелительное наклонение — это выражение приказа, просьбы, совета
и т.д. Т.е. предложение типа: «Сделай что-либо».
Правило.  В косвенной речи повелительное наклонение
заменяется инфинитивом.
Прямая речь. He said, “Speak more slowly.” — Он сказал: «Говори
помедленнее». Косвенная речь. He said to speak more slowly. — Он попросил
говорить помедленнее.
Примечание. В косвенной речи после глагола tell местоимение
ставится, а после глагола say — нет.
Прямая речь. He said, “Drink a cup of hot tea.” Косвенная речь. He said to
drink a cup of hot tea. Косвенная речь. He told me to drink a cup of hot tea.
Отрицательная форма
 В косвенной речи в повелительном наклонении отрицание заменяется
инфинитивом с частицей not.

Ex.1: Передайте следующие повелительные предложения в

косвенной речи.
1. “Explain to me how to solve this problem,” my friend said to me.
2. The doctor said to Nick, “Open your mouth and show me your tongue.”
3. “Don’t be afraid of my dog,” said the man to Kate.
4. “Take this book and read it,” said the librarian to the boy.
5. The doctor said to Pete, “Don’t go for a walk today.”
6. “Don’t eat too much ice cream,” Nick’s mother said to him.
7. “Go home,” the teacher said to us.
8. “Buy some meat in the shop,” my mother said to me.
9. “Sit down at the table and do your homework,” my mother said to me.
10.“Don’t forget to clean your teeth,” said granny to Helen.
11.“Don’t sit up late,” said the doctor to Mary.

Exercise 2: Передайте следующие повествовательные предложения в

косвенной речи.
1. The woman said to her son, “I am glad I am here.” 2. Mike said, “We have
bought these books today.” 3. She said to me, “Now I can read your translation.” 4.
“This man spoke to me on the road,” said the woman. 5. “I can’t explain this rule
to you,” my classmate said to me. 6. The teacher said to the class, “We shall
discuss this subject tomorrow.” 7. Our teacher said, “Thackeray’s novels are very
interesting.” 8. “She said, “You will read this book in the 9th form.” 9. Nellie said,
“I read ‘Jane Eyre’ last year.” 10. “My friend lives in Moscow,” said Alec. 11.
“You have not done your work well,” the teacher said to me. 12. The poor man
said to the rich man, “My horse is wild. It can kill your horse.” 13. The rich man
said to the judge, “This man’s horse has killed my horse.”

Questions (Reported speech)

Common questions Special questions

Главное предл. + if/whether + придаточное Главное предл. + question + придаточное

words
Ex.: “Are you watching TV? ” Ex.: He asked me, “Who has come?”
He asked me IF I was watching TV. He asked me who had come.
“Did you skate last winter?” He asked me, “ Why have you come so
He asked me if I had skated the winter before. late?”
He asked me why I had come so late.
Exercise 1: Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в косвенной речи.
1.I said to Nick, “Where are you going?” 2. I said to him, “How long are you going to
stay there?” 3. I said to him, “How long will it take you to get there?” 4. He said to her,
“Where do you usually spend your summer holidays?” 5. Ann said to Mike, “When did
you leave London?” 6. She said to Boris, “When will you be back home?” 7. Boris said
to them, “How can I get to the railway station?” 8. Mary asked Tom, “What time will you
come here tomorrow?” 9. She asked me, “Why didn’t you come here yesterday?” 10. She
asked me, “What will you do tomorrow if you are not busy at your office?” 11. Pete said
to his friends, “When are you leaving St Petersburg?” 12. He said to them, “Who will
you see before you leave the city?” 13. They said to him, “What time does the train
leave?” 14. I asked Mike, “What will you do after dinner?” 15. I asked my uncle, “How
long did you stay in the Crimea?” 16. Mother said to me, “Who has brought this parcel?”
17. Ada said to me, “Where did you see such trees?”

Exercise 2: Передайте следующие общие вопросы в косвенной речи.

1.I said to Boris, “Does your friend live in London?” 2. They said to the man, “Are you
living in a hotel?” 3. He said to his friend, “Will you stay at the Hilton?” 4. He said to
me, “Do you often go to see your friends?” 5. He said to me, “Will you see your friends
before you leave St Petersburg?” 6. Mike said to Jane, “Will you come to the railway
station to see me off?” 7. She said to me, “Have you sent them an e-mail?” 8. She said to
me, “Did you send them an e-mail yesterday?” 9.1 said to Mike, “Have you packed your
suitcase?” 10. I said to Kate, “Did anybody meet you at the station?” 11.1 said to her,
“Can you give me their address?” 12. I asked Tom, “Have you had breakfast?” 13. I
asked my sister, “Will you stay at home or go for a walk after dinner?” 14. I said to my
mother, “Did anybody come to see me?” 15. I asked my sister, “Will Nick call for you on
the way to school?”

Exercise 3: Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. “Do you know where the Browns live?” we asked a passerby. 2. “There are a lot
of trains to my station on Sunday,” said Andrew to us. “You will have no problems
getting to my country place.” 3. “Do you often meet my sister at the library?” he
asked me. 4. “Will the teacher return our exercise books today?” asked Nick. 5.
“My nephew is a very capable young man,” said the woman. “He has just
graduated from college, but he is already a very skillful specialist.” 6. “Sit still and
don’t move your head,” said the doctor to me. 7. “I want to know how your cousin
likes working at this hospital,” said Vera to Helen.

Exercise 4: Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. “Did you run a race yesterday?” said Peter. “Yes, we did,” said Ann. “Tamara
was the first to come to the finish.” 2. “Where is my bag, mother?” asked Tom. “I
have put it on the chair near the door,” said his mother. “Don’t forget to put your
dictionary into it.” 3. “Why can’t we play here, mother?” asked the children.
“Father is sleeping,” said their mother. “He has worked very hard today. Keep
quiet.” 4. “Why do you help her?” said Alex to us. “She is lazy. She can do
everything herself.” 5. “I don’t want to go to the zoo. I was there last week with
my cousin and saw all the animals,” said Lena.