According to Aristotle, tragedy has six main elements: plot, character, diction, thought, spectacle

(scenic effect), and song (music), of which the first two are primary. 

Plot: Aristotle defines plot as the soul of tragedy and emphasizes much on its unity. The plot must
contain a beginning, climax and a proper ending.

Character: It has a secondary place after the plot. By character, Aristotle means the tragic hero who
is always a noble man who in turn is neither thoroughly good nor thoroughly evil but a mixture of
both. He is always higher than the ordinary moral worth. If, according to Aristotle, the character is
better-than-we-are, the tragic effect will be stronger.  The tragic and unfortunate end of such a
character moves in us pity and fear. He moves in us to pity because his misfortune is greater than
what he actually deserves from his hamartia. Likewise, he moves us to fear,

Aristotle was of the view that tragedy must evolve emotions of pity and fear.

Thought: It involves the content. There should be a proper relationship between thought and
situation.

Diction: It refers to the expression of meaning in words, or it is a primary mode of imitating the
action. Words are medium of representation.

Spectacles: It means the scenes used in drama for the sake of emotional attraction of the audience.
It heightens the emotional significance of an event in the drama.

Song: Song is taken to be chief among the embellishments used in tragedy. It particularly refers to
the song sung by a group of people known as chorus.