HYDROGEN INNOVATION FOR

WASTE-TO-WHEELS SOLUTION
Presentations by:
Page 3: Ella Stengler, CEWEP WATCH AGAIN THE
VIDEO RECORDING
Page 10: Jens Geier, MEP, S&D Group
CLICK HERE!
Page 11: Pietro Caloprisco, FCH JU
Page 20: Andreas Meyer, WSW MOBIL
Page 34: Panel Discussion
Confederation of European Waste-to-Energy Plants

CEWEP-ESWET Green Week Webinar:

Hydrogen Innovation for Waste-to-Wheels
Solution
Dr. Ella Stengler, Managing Director, CEWEP
27th May 2021

Torino WtE plant, Italy

 CEWEP – Confederation of European WtE Plants

Under one umbrella

CEWEP is the umbrella association of the operators of

Waste-to-Energy (WtE) Plants across Europe.

They thermally treat household and similar commercial &

Krakow WtE plant, Poland
industrial waste that remains after waste prevention, reuse
and recycling and generate energy out of it.

CEWEP Members*: 80.7 M tonnes; 408 plants

- EU 27: 78.8 M tonnes; 402 plants
- Europe: 96 M tonnes; 492 plants
*2018 data
About ESWET
ESWET is the association grouping the
European Suppliers of Waste-to-
Energy Technology.

Our main task is to foster the

development and dissemination of
Waste-to-Energy technologies, and to
raise awareness of the positive
implications of the technology.

ESWET has 28 members including the

main global players among the
technology suppliers of the Waste-to-
Energy sector.
 Waste-to-Energy has a double role in sustainable waste
management and energy production

local, cost-effective,
diverting waste
secure energy
from landfills
energy
Waste Energy efficiency
quality Circular to and
recycling Economy energy storage
Energy Climate
replacing fossil
Hygienic
fuels with
waste
renewables
treatment
Sophisticated flue-gas cleaning devices guarantee low
emissions
 Waste-to-Energy helps to save millions of tonnes of
greenhouse gas emissions
From landfill diversion (landfills emit methane, a potent greenhouse
gas)
Recovery of metals and minerals from bottom ash, the left over after
incineration process
Substitution of fossil fuels in energy production: around 50% of
waste treated in Waste-to-Energy plants is biodegradable, therefore
the energy produced from this waste is renewable

All in line with the goals of the European Green Deal

 Sector coupling: potential for strong synergies between WtE and H2
WtE can rely on programmability and flexibility of energy
production, enabling also energy storage with H2
generation trough an electrolyser.
H2 projects on the way in Europe, contributing to the
production of green H2 through the electricity produced
from the renewable fraction of the waste.
Decarbonising heavy transport like buses or waste trucks
Importance of producing H2 from residual waste
treatment recognized in the opinion of the
ENVI Committee of the European Parliament on
Wuppertal’s fuel cell powered bus, H2 filling station next to WtE plant.
the European Strategy for Hydrogen.
Need for clear H2 classification system. Reliable
regulatory framework necessary to provide investment
security. 8
HYDROGEN INNOVATION FOR
WASTE-TO-WHEELS SOLUTION

WATCH AGAIN JENS

GEIER’S SPEECH

Jens Geier, CLICK HERE!

Member of the European Parliament,

Group of the Progressive Alliance of
Socialists and Democrats

Rapporteur of the European

Parliament’s Report on the European
Strategy for Hydrogen
FCH JU support to
hydrogen
production and
transport
applications

Pietro Caloprisco
27/05/2021
 Strong public-private partnership with a focused objective
A combined private-public of more than 2 billion Euro has been invested to bring products to market readiness by 2020

FUEL CELLS AND HYDROGEN JOINT UNDERTAKING 45 %

481 million euros
153 projects
Industry grouping
41.4 %
Research grouping
>185 members 83 members
50% SME

285 projects 443 million euros

supported 77 projects
for
6.3 %
Energy Transport Cross-cutting 1.07 B €
H2 production Road vehicles standards, safety, 67 million euros
and distribution Non-road vehicles education, 48 projects
H2 storage Refueling infra consumer
F/C for CHP Maritime, rail and awareness, … 7.3 %
aviation
applications 79 million euros
Similar leverage of other sources of funding: 1.08 B € 7 projects 11
The role of hydrogen in our society & economy
Hydrogen allows more renewables in the energy system through storage and enables sectoral integration

STORAGE (seasonal) SECTORAL INTEGRATION

Transport
Industry
Feedstock

NG

Heating & Cooling

12
 13

Scaling up of electrolysis: increase capacity & lowering cost

In 8 years capacity increased 100× and support per MW installed reduced 50×
Europe is world-leader in electrolysis systems (EU has the most patents and publications vs other parts of the world)

Project: Don Quichot Project: Haeolus Project: H2future Project: Djewels

Place: Belgium Place: Austria Place: The Netherlands
Date: 2011
Place: Norway
Date: 2017 Date: 2016 Date: 2018 NEXT:
Electrolyser: Hydrogenics (PEM) Electrolyser: Hydrogenics (PEM) Electrolyser: Siemens (PEM) Electrolyser: McPhy (ALK)
Funding: 5.0 m€ Funding: 5.0 m€ Funding: 12 m€ Funding: 11 m€ ~2025:
several 100 MW’s

Scale-up
~2030: GW scale

0.15 MW 2.5 MW 6.0 MW 20 MW  60MW

1.2 MW 3.4 MW 10 MW 100 MW
Project: Hybalance Project: Demo4grid Project: Refhyne The European Green
Place: Denmark Place: Austria Place: Germany
Date: 2014 Date: 2016 Date: 2017 Deal call for
Electrolyser: Hydrogenics (PEM) Electrolyser: IHT (ALK) Electrolyser: ITM (PEM) proposals includes a
Funding: 8.0 m€ Funding: 2.9 m€ Funding: 10 m€ topic to install a
100MW Electrolyser.
Evolution of transport applications
Towards new transport applications & upgraged infrastructure

Improved components

New applications

Capacity Filling rate

Upgraded infrastructure SOA: 3kg/min for
both 350 and 700 bar
Autonomy KG H2

---------------- 74
560 km

Target values are 6

3-5 min
10-15 min

and 10 kg/min
Autonomy KG H2

---------------- 45
1 Kg/H2 min 7 Kg/H2 min
380 km
14
Revive
Urban waste collection

4 countries, 9 cities, 15 trucks

 Validation of Fuel Cell Trucks for the Collect of Urban
Gothenburg
Wastes;

 FCH JU support: € 5 M;
Amsterdam
Breda  Trucks to be operated by waste operators;
Groningen
Helmond  Consortium: OEM, fleet operator, FC supplier, cities
Noordenvel
d

Truck already
deployed in Breda

Antwerp

Merano/Bolzano 1 15
 Waste to wheel study
Assessment & dissemination of the business model

FOCUS
Business models for zero emission waste collection;
Assess competitiveness of waste-based hydrogen;
Synergies within the waste industry;
BENEFITS

Landfill avoidance;
CO2 and local pollution reduction;
Local production of H2;
TARGET

Waste industry, policy makers, OEMs;

16
Study in progress: stay tuned !
Zero emission garbage trucks for cities
Cooperation among projects and EU programmes

Life N’Grab Hy - Life Revive – FCH2 JU Hector - Interreg

“Waste to wheel”, from

waste incineration to
hydrogen for mobility

Source: www. www.lifeandgrabhy.eu Source: https://h2revive.eu/ Source: www.nweurope.eu/hector

 Thanks for your attention

Pietro Caloprisco
Project Officer
Pietro.caloprisco@fch.europa.eu

For futher information

www.fch.europa.eu
@fch_ju
www.hydrogeneurope.eu
www.nerghy.eu
Fch-ju@fch.europa.eu

FCH JU
H2-W – Hydrogen mobility for Wuppertal
local utility

electricity, natural gas,

district heating, drinking water
production, urban drainage,
waste management and
mobility

local utility
WSW-Unternehmensgruppe
Awareness of climate and nature conservation is growing in politics
and society
► This results in different requirements for the WSW

Energy turnaround: Climate protection targets and security of supply

Energy Industry Transport industry

CO2 savings through
Renewable energies
Conventional power generation
phase-out of coal decided
Necessity: increasing the
potential for flexibility
Stricter environmental requirements
Clean vehicles directive
New technologies
E-mobility etc.
Perspective: cross-sectoral climate
protection

Additional benefits can be generated by connecting systems.

WSW as a fully integrated municipal utility has potential for new, integrated
business models one such topic is power-to-mobility
Solution approach: Fuel cell technology for public
transportation

• Flexible storage opportunities

Advantages of • Performance and ranges is comparable to diesel buses
fuel cells • Fast refueling (camparable to diesel-fueled vehicles)
• Technology and production of H2 is available and works

• Reduced storage capacity

Disadvantages of • The topography of Wuppertal requires 1,7 kWh/km, which requires
battery technology large accumulators to achieve operating ranges
• This results in high infrastructure costs for a citywide deployment
Producing the hydrogen within the WSW-group
secures the supply and creates flexibility

WSW-Group
Waste-to energy plant Fuel cell bus
(AWG) (WSW mobil)

Management of
Potential for further
generated capacities
Energy Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the
(WSW Energie &
WSW group
Wasser)

Optimization against
energy market
Energy market Electrolyzer
 The Waste to Energy plant will be a multi energy
production hub for several systems

Power generation using:

3-4 boilers in operation, depending waste „supply” 2 x 20 MW Condensing-Turbine
1 x 8,5 MW Back-pressure turbine (NEU)

Energy Scheme of Waste to Energy plant

5 Kessel Condensing-
a ~45t/h Turbine
Steam Power
380°C Back-press.
turbine
H2 Infrastruktur
Red.-Station H2 Production
Elektrolyseur +
H2 Speicher
and storage
Feed water
Heating (thermal)
High pressure steam CHP Steam
(Valley – 230°)
Low pressure steam

Heating Water (Southern Hights – 128°C)

Use as a New and finished New, under construction
storage tank
The production of hydrogen at the AWG waste-to power plant has
several advantages
Energy
generation Electrolysis Storage Refueling

>50% renewable
Production
energy from Refueling of
of hydrogen
waste-to energy bus fleet
plant

► Sufficient energy supply for up to 30 buses

► On site production of demineralised water
► Utilization of 50% renewable energy
► Increase of efficiency by reusing oxygen and heat from hydrogen
production
Approach Hydrogen technology in public transport

• Hydrogen technology is a possible e-mobility solution for Wuppertal's public

transport. WSW can use synergies within the group through its own
hydrogen production.

• Hydrogen with its storage capability enables the decoupling of

refuelling from energy use.

• The resulting degrees of freedom have a significant influence on the

costs of the change in propulsion technology.

• Hydrogen can be produced "green" using many approaches and is thus the
ideal contribution of the mobility sector to CO2 neutrality.
To find the optimium in H2-production a complex optimization
problem has to be solved
Demand Side

Route planning Buses Refueling schedule month Refueling schedule day

• Topology Betankungsprofil KW 1
50
• Intervall

KgH2/h
length
0
• logistics So | Mi | Di | Mi | Do | Fr |

SupplySide

Electrolyser Storage unit Tank-Unit

H O2- • Compressor • Compresser

H
Elektrode
Elektrode

• Medium • High pressure

PEM

H+
H+
H O
• Pressure storage
H
Storage • Dispenser

Target: Contraints: Major optimization parameters

• H2-Demand (Total & profile) Capazity Electroliser
• Capazity Eclectrolyser Capazity Strorage
lowest possible
• Capacity Storage
H2 production costs
• Capazity power generation W2E Plant
(CPEX + OPEX)
• Effiziency
• Power prices
Effect of generation in electricity price sinks

100 450 60

400
90 50
350
80
300 40

Speicherstand H2 /kg

Strompreis €/MWh
70 250
30
200
60
150 20

50 100
10
40 50
OZR
0 (Bedingt durch Speichergröße) 0
30

1
7
13
19
25
31
37
43
49
55
61
67
73
79
85
91
97
103
109
115
121
127
133
139
145
151
157
163
169
175
181
187
193
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Stunde
On the level of mobility costs (excluding busses) H2 and Diesel are
comparable – the spread between Diesel and power prices drives the
delta
Cost of mobility (inkl. Product. Infrastruture H2.)
H2 EP 1 vs. Diesel
€/kg H2 €/100km
80 77
74 76
H2 market 72
~9 70 69 70
price 66 68
60 63
60 38 40 41
Value created in 57 30 32 33 34 36
50 55 25 28
W2E plant 19 22
40
Total H2 30
~6
prod. costs
20 36 36 35 35 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36
10

Var. H2 0
~2
prod. costs

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

H2 var Costs H2 Infr. (Capex + Opex) Diesel

Many thanks for your attention!

Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Meyer, Leiter Fahrzeugtechnik, Wuppertaler Stadtwerke

andreas.meyer@wsw-online.de
HYDROGEN INNOVATION FOR
WASTE-TO-WHEELS SOLUTION
A conversation with:
Jens Geier, MEP, S&D Group
WATCH AGAIN THE
Pietro Caloprisco, FCH JU PANEL DISCUSSION

CLICK HERE!
Andreas Meyer, WSW MOBIL
Moderated by:
Fabio Poretti, CEWEP