RICCARDO ADAM I Polito It

Programme Elements of logic

Naif set theory
natural numbers
Integer numbers
Rational Numbers
Real Numbers
Functions
Limit Continuity
integration theory Compute the areas
Differential calculus
Taylor's polynomials
Improve integrals
complex numbers
Differential equations

Main tool Roots Rigorous

EXAM Sessions
1
January last week
2
February middle
3 June end or
July beginning
4 September middle
 Structure
1
Multiple choice test
2 written exam
study of a function t
theoretical exercise
3 Oral exam

Remember the grade con te lowered

Elements of logic
1 Propositions Statements that can be
evaluated as TRUE or
FALSE
Rome is the Capital of Italy t
home is beautiful Not A STATEMENT
FOR OUR Logic

Rome is the Capital of Italy AND

Paris is the Capital of Uk OR
Connective
ANTI
Quest is the statement with AND
True or false
 Is the statement with OR time or false

Tables of truth

E a P and Q P a Q

T T T T

È E I
F T F T

Properties
commutativi P and a Q and P
Means that P and 0 and Q and P
share the sametable of truth
Analogously P a Q Q or I

Associativity
E
Pagg
a
oggi R Paggi oggi
Exercise vanity Associativity by using the table
of truth
And A
Or µ
 P a R Panda Panda and R Qaeda Pond QND

È II E I
Ift

EXERCISE

Distributivi of A and V

Pa arr Pra v par

Pv an R Pv a
pur n

it by the appropriate table of truth

Verify
Another logical
connective
NÈ 7

P pp
T F
F T

Properties
77 p
71Pa a IP via
 7 Pra 7Pa 70
immediate consequence of
Corollary fa statement a previous

TP a 70 Pv Q
construct v
with A and 7 one can

Find logical expression that is

Exercise a
P and a
True if one and only one
away
is true Xor
that is true if
EI Find logical
a
Q and R
expression

at least two propositions among

are true
Find the value of truth of the
proposition
EI
G G is false
simpleimplicatiani

DDef.mil P dQ P implies Q

È 710 v Q
Table of truth

P Q IP IP v Q
T T F T
T F F F
 F T T T
F F T T

EX falso quodibet
Paris is the Capital of UK
Rome is the Capital of Italy
is TRUE 1
P Q 70 Ip
Rj
Indeed

7 IP 7 fica vip a vip

IP va P Q

Schema of the proofs by contadichion

Double implication

P a Q.ie P Q a p

Ha P n IP va

P a IPVQTQVPP.es Q
T T T T T
T F F t F
 F T T F F
F F T T T

Equivaleva dad meansthat P and Q

must have the same value of truth i e they
are both true or both false

Statements with vaniables and

quantifiers

se se is the capital of Guatemala

Quantifiers are these two symbols

1 Universal tt for all

2 existential I there exists at least
0hL

Vi man se se is mortal
non si se is mortal

Archimedes property

couple of real numbers si y se

g o

7 a natural number K sit

secy
Via
f
 a

y
Quantifiers and not
7 the man se is mortal
A se man se is not mortal

7 7 non se sit se is mortal

Ha man se is not mortal

7 exchanges the quantifiers

Since denying a universal quantifier translates

quantifier one concludes
into an existential

statement
that in onda to deny
a
general
a theorem it will te salti
namely
civet to exhibit one single counterexample
when the
Comment Take exchanging
come

dealer of the quantifiers in a statement

e
g
in the of limits
theory
EXAMNE i.tt natural number n 7 natural
number m St Msn

Reversing the quantifiers

 7 naturalmente ns.t.tt natural
hunches m Msn

the meaning has changed

Naifsettheory.NO
ion of set a

Operations between sets

Functions between sets
Applications or Maps or
In naif
set the set is Not defined
theory
list collection

A specific at the elements it

is defined by
contains
EI A is the set of even numbers
A 2 4 6 8 12,10 list

a
way of representing A
natural even number
A n n is a

through
a
property
characterization
A the element se belongs to the
Notate se e
set A
 contained in B A and Bae
A C B A is
sets
element of A is an element of B
namely every
H see A si e B eguinoleet writing

see A a EB
definitions amount to A CB
All these
with elements
is the set
no
Empties
Commenti A is a set CA

Indeed see see A

un
false tag
is
definition of empty
set
falso quell'bet is true
By ex

c
In panticular

EXERCIS.ME inclusion
Find possible relationships of
between the sets
A n n is a divisa of 12
n n is a divisa of 6
B
decide ACB or Beta or B A
i e
whether
 and A B
A is not a subset of
Notati a B
B
not an element
se
fa se is
of A
A si sin sit casse 1

B se cos se o

setofsnbsets
ACB.ae can
say A
is a SUBSET of B

A set of the pants of A set of subsets

of A
B B is a subset of A
In particolare
A e PCA indeed Acta
Deda
A IT 0 e
Examine
MAI 14 A set lol lei Hit Hel
10,4
Notice that PA contains more elements
than A
 opeuat.org setweeusets

Intersection
and see B intersection
And si see A

Au D se se e A or si E B union

AIB se REA and net B

Euten

Veuudiagraen.tt

Aub

And
FÀ
a
AIB

Properties
Commutativi of intersection and union

And Bra
U U
Associativity
 An B ne An Bnc
u u u u

Profofummutativityitand e B n is commutati
si REA a se
v v
sa
si REB a see A Bna
U

Roof of associativity
An Bn c se netta see B a REC

A is associative

rec
fa atta a seeps a

LA n B ne
implies that one
Istconneati Associativity
brackets
can skip
An Bn c A
nbnczndcom
An B ne
ueeeet.at tleesepopeeties con be
of
recovered by the analogous point.esdefinitivi
in the
the logical connectives appearing

Distributivib of union and intersection

Au Bnc Au B n Auc
 An Boc An B u Anc
EXERCISE Provette Using the analogous properties
connectives
of the logical
intersection
Interactions between union
and difference

Aldo c AIB n Atc

Allan c AIB u Atc

body c Canuto A Tabacco

exercises
Mathematical Analysis I

R A Adams Calculus 1
J Stewart Calculus 1

lultalian n.tn Nicola lezioni di Analisi

Matematica 1

G Prodi Analisi Matematica 1

Exercises
E giusto Analisi Matematica 1
Salsa Analisi Matematica 1
Pagani
 Two introductory topics
FIX LANGUAGE
Basics of logic formal
Basics of Naif fat theory Idea of proofs
Not get analysis

lecture 2 October 5th

WHEN I SAY EXERCISE
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Tuesday 29M 10 Oo 11 30
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