Hardship /ˈhɑːdʃɪp/ (n): sự gian khổ, thử thách cam go.

= lack/ poverty/ difficulty

≠ comfort
Eg: Our country went through many hardships.

Teenager /ˈtiːneɪdʒər/ (n)

= youth/ youngster/ teen
➔ Teenage /ˈtiːnˌeɪ.dʒ/ (a)
Eg: We’re teenagers.

Background /ˈbæk.ɡraʊnd/ (n)

= backdrop/ surroundings
(a)
= related/ contextual
Eg: “My love” is background music of my phone.

Issue /ˈɪʃ.uː/ (n): vấn đề

= matter/ problem/ concern
≠ parents
(v): đưa ra, phát hành, xuất phát, bắt nguồn
= give out/ deliver/ supply
≠ withdraw
Make an issue of something
Take issue with something
Have an issue with something/ somebody
Eg: The party is divided over the issue of capital punishment.
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 Peace /piːs/ (n)
= peacetime/ accord
≠ war
➔ Peaceful /ˈpiːsfəl/ (a)
➔ Peacefully /ˈpiːsfəli/ (adv)
➔ Peacefulness /ˈpiːsfəlnəs/ (n)
Eg: We’re living in peace.

Female /ˈfiːmeɪl/ (a): (thuộc) nữ

= ladylike/ womanlike/ womanly
≠ masculine/ male
(n): con cái, con mái , người đàn bà, người phụ nữ
Eg: That’s a female cat.

Attitude /ˈætɪtʃuːd/ (n)

= opinion/ view/ mind/ viewpoint
➔ Attitudinal /ætɪˈtjuːdɪnəl/ (a)
Eg: Students’ attitude in this class is good.

Club /klʌb/ (n)

= association/ weapon/ group
Eg: I took part in English club in high school.

Audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ (n)

= viewers/ apectators
Eg: The audiences are watching film.

Belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ (v)

= fit in/ apply/ exist
➔ Belonging /bɪˈlɒŋɪŋ/ (n)
Eg: This watch belongs to me.
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 Despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ (prep.)
= in spite of/ eventhough/ although
Eg: Despite the bad weather, they had a wonderful holiday.

Connection /kəˈnekʃən/ (n)

= linking/ joining/ construction
➔ Connect /kəˈnekt/ (v)
➔ Connective /kəˈnek.tɪv/ (adv/n)
Eg: The connection between smoking and heart disease is well known.

Certain /ˈsɜːtən/ (a)

= sure/ positive/ convinced
≠ unsure
➔ Certainly /ˈsɜːtənli/ (adv)
➔ Certainty /ˈsɜː.tən.ti/ (n)
Eg: I feel certain, I’m right.

Ignore /ɪɡˈnɔːr/ (v)

= avoid/ pay no attention to/ pass over
≠ notice/ accomplish/ achieve
➔ Ignorant /ˈɪɡnərənt/ (adj)
➔ Ignorance /ˈɪɡnərəns/ (n)
Eg: They ignored our warnings.

Concentrate /ˈkɒnsəntreɪt/ (v)

= focus/ attend/ think
≠ disperse/ divide/ confuse
➔ Concentration /kɒnsənˈtreɪʃən/ (n)
Eg: I can't concentrate on my work.
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 Normally /ˈnɔːməli/ (adv)
= usually/ generally/ typically/ regularly
≠ rarely/ never/ abnormally
➔ Normal /ˈnɔːməl/ (a)
➔ Normalization (n)
Eg: I normally go home at 4 o’clock.

Damaged /ˈdæmɪdʒd/ (n/v)

= harm/ injury/ hurt
≠ reparation
➔ Damaging /ˈdæmɪdʒɪŋ/ (a)
Eg:

Improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ (v)

= get better/ mend/ develop
≠ worsen
➔ Improvement /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ (n)
Eg: He improves his English vocabulary.

Skill /skɪl/ (n)

= talent/ skillfulness
➔ Skilful /ˈskɪlfəl/ (a)
➔ Skilfully /ˈskɪlfəli/ (adv)
Eg: Listening skill is difficult in English.

Overall /ˌəʊvəˈrɔːl/ (a)

= general/ complete/ total
(adv)
= in general/ generally/ largely
≠ in particular
Eg: The overall view is wonderful.
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 Sharp /ʃɑːp/ (a)
= quick/ intelligent/ clever
≠ dull
➔ Sharpen /'ʃɑ:pən/ (v)
➔ Sharpener /'ʃɑ:pənə/ (n)
Eg: The cats have sharp eyes.
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