Class- Assignment-1( OPTICS) Date: 27-09-2022

    1 
( A) Refraction at spherical surface  2  1  2
 v u R 
Q1. A parallel beam of light is incident parallel to principal axis onto a solid glass sphere of
radius R ( = 1.5). Find the distance of the image from the outer edge of the glass
sphere.
Q2. A parallel beam of light travelling in water (refractive index = 4/3) is refracted by a
spherical air bubble of radius 2 mm situated in water. Assuming the light rays to be
paraxial
( a) Find the position of image due to refraction at first surface and position of final image.
( b) Draw a ray diagram showing the position of both images.

Q3. A cylindrical glass rod has its two coaxial ends of spherical
form bulging outward. The front end has a radius of curvature
5 cm and the back end which is silvered has a radius of
curvature 8 cm. The thickness of the rod along the axis is 10 O P
cm. Calculate the position of the image of a point object at the 50 cm R2 = 8 cm
R1 = 5 cm
axis 50 cm from front face (ang= 1.5).

Q4. A transparent solid sphere of radius 2 cm and density  floats in a

transparent liquid of density 2 kept in a beaker. The bottom of
10 cm
the beaker is spherical in shape with its radius of curvature 8 cm 2 cm
and is silvered to make it a concave mirror as shown in the figure.
When an object is placed at a distance of 10 cm directly above h
the centre of the sphere its final image coincides with it. Find h
(as shown in the figure), the height of the liquid surface in the

beaker from the apex of the bottom. Consider paraxial rays only. The refractive index of
the sphere is (3/2) and that of the liquid is (4/3).
Q5. A hollow sphere of glass (shown in figure) of refractive index n has a
small mark on its interior surface which is observed from a point outside 2R
R
the sphere on the side opposite to the centre. Prove that the mark will
O
n 1
appear nearer than it really is by a distance R, where R is the
3 n 1
radius of the inner surface.

Q6. Light is incident at an angle  on one plane end of a transparent cylindrical rod of
Refractive index n. Determine the least value of n so that the light entering the rod does
not come out of the curved surface of the rod irrespective of the value of 

Q7. A glass rod as shown in the figure is of R.I. n. An A B

n
object O is situated at a distance 2R from P1 in O O P1 3R P2 R/2
front of the surface of larger radius of curvature, 2R R
on the common axis. The distance between the
poles of the two spherical curved surfaces is 3 R.
Find the distance of the image of the point object O from the pole of smaller curved
surface. What is the condition to be satisfied if the image is to be real?

Q8. A cylindrical glass rod of length 3R and refractive index  = 2 has left end convex of
radius R and right end concave of radius R. A point source is placed at a distance of 4R
from the left end. Calculate the final image distance in cm from the left end.( Given R =
28 cm)

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Q9. A thin, transparent spherical shell of radius R is filled with a transparent liquid whose
refractive index is 3/2. A point source of light has been placed at a distance of 3R from
the centre of the sphere. Find the position of the final image.

Q10. There is a spherical glass shell of n = 1.5

refractive index 1.5 and inner radius 10
cm and outer radius 20 cm. Inside the 30 cm
R1
spherical cavity there is air. A point Eye
object is placed at a point O at a O P Q
distance of 30cm from the outer
spherical surface. Find the final R2
position of the image.

Q11. An aquarium is divided into two parts by a thin curved

glass sheet of radius of curvature 30 cm and refractive A B
index 3/2. Left hand side is filled with liquid having
refractive index 6/5 and right hand side with having  = 6/5  = 4/3
refractive index 4/3. There are two fishes each 6 cm away
from glass sheet on the principal axis of glass sheet. Find  = 3/2
the apparent position of fish B as seen by the fish A.

Q12. A thin equi-convex glass lens (g = 1.5) is being placed on Air
the top of a vessel of height h = 20 cm as shown in the
figure. A luminous point source is being placed at the
bottom of the vessel on the principal axis of the lens. When
the air is on both the sides of the lens the image of
20 cm
luminous source is formed at a distance of 20 cm from the
lens out side the vessel. When the air inside the vessel is
being replaced by a liquid of refractive index  , the image
of the same source is being formed at a distance 30 cm Luminous
source
from the lens outside the vessel. Find the  .
Q13. Two identical biconvex lenses (= 3/2) are fixed
at the ends of a cylinder of length 40 cm as
shown in the figure and the cylinder is filled with
water (refractive index aw = 4/3). If radius of
curvature of lens is 30 cm and aperture very
small, find the image of an object placed at a
distance of 60 cm from the first lens. 60 cm 40 cm

Q14. A thin equi-convex lens having radius of curvature

 = 5/3
10 cm is placed as shown in figure. Calculate focal
length of lens, if parallel rays are incident as shown.  = 5/4  = 3/2

Q15. A parallel beam of light is incident on a thin air 2 = 1.5

convex lens having radius of curvature 1= 1
3 = 4/3
R1  R 2  10cm and refracting index of its R3
4 P
material  2 =1.5. The other side of the convex
R2
surface is in a medium of refractive index R1
16 cm

 3 =4/3. A solid sphere of radius of curvature R3  5cm and refractive index  4 is

placed with its centre at a distance of 16 cm from the convex lens. Find the refractive
index  4 of the sphere so that the rays converge at point P, pole of the other surface of
the solid sphere.

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( B) Silvering of lens
Q16. In the figure shown, O is a point object placed O

above the lens L of focal length 10 cm. Find the 15 cm

distance between the object O and its image formed
L
in the plane mirror.
15 cm

1m water n=4/3

Plane mirror

 1 1 1    m   1 1  
( C) Use of lens Maker’s formula and lens Formula        
 fm v u  m   R1 R2  
f (   m ) 
and  air  
f
 m  m (  1) 

Q18. Parallel beam rays are incident on a glass slab t=3 cm

and equi-convex lens arrangement as shown in
the figure. The radius of curvature of the lens is
20 cm. If refractive index of the medium of lens
is 1.2. find the distance from the optical centre
of the lens where parallel rays converge.
=3/2
10 cm

Q19. A lens is formed with two curved surfaces having y

radius curvature 20 cm and 40 cm medium of the
lens has refractive index 1.5. An object is placed at a O
distance 80 cm from the lens. Find out position of x
image when 80 cm
(a) lens is cut half along the x-axis. After cutting only
40 cm
half portion is removed. 20 cm
y
(b) lens is cut along the y-axis and the section on the
positive x-axis is only present there.

Q20. A thin lens of refractive index 1.5, and focal length in 1  1  2 2  1  5 2  1  2

air 20cm is placed inside, a large container
containing two immiscible liquids as shown below. If
an object is placed at an infinite distance close to
principle axis (common intersection line of the layers)
find the number of images that system will form and  3  2.5  3  2.5
find the distance between images?

Q21. A concavo convex lens made of glass (  = 1.5) has surface radii 20 cm and 40 cm. What
will be the position of the image of an object placed 100 cm to the left of lens along the
principal axis.

( D) Combination of mirrors

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 30 cm
Q22. There is a convex mirror of focal length of 30 cm. A
point object O is placed in front of the convex mirror at a
distance of 15 cm. A plane mirror is kept at some
distance from the convex mirror. If the distance between
O F
the two images (one formed by direct reflection at the
plane mirror and the other formed by a reflection at
convex mirror followed by a reflection at the plane
mirror) of the object formed in the plane mirror is 25 cm, find the minimum separation
between the plane mirror and the convex mirror.

Q23. Two plane mirrors are inclined at an angle A

0
of 60 with each other. Find the angle  P
which the emergent ray CD makes with the  D
incident ray AB, which is parallel to mirror C
PQ.

600
Q B R

( E) Combination of lens and spherical Surface

Q24. In the given figure the radius of curvature of the equi convex lens is
10 cm and refractive index of its material is 1.5. A solid sphere of C
radius R = 15 cm having its refractive index 2.0 is placed coaxially P O1 O2
with the lens such that the separation O1O2  25 cm.

Assuming rays originating from the source P become parallel after passing through the
lens and then pass through transparent solid sphere, finally intersecting at some point S.
Find the distance PS. Draw the ray diagram to locate the point S.
Q25. A thin equi-convex lens of refractive index  = P A
1.5 is placed between a point source of light S
and a screen A, as shown in the figure. Light
rays from the source S are brought to focus on
the screen A, forming a point image P. The
distance SP is equal to 50 cm. Water ( = 4/3)
is now poured into a vessel interposed
between the object and the lens, and it is
8cm
observed that when the water level is 8 cm the
screen has to be moved up by a distance of 6

S
cm in order to get a sharp image. Find the focal length of the lens.
( F) Combination of lens and Mirror
Q26. An object O is placed 30 cm away f = 10 cm fm = 30 cm
before a convex lens of focal length
10 cm. A concave mirror starts
moving towards right from point B 45cm
( 45  x )2 O A B
and has a velocity vc= at
300 vC
30cm
any point on the axis. Here x is the
separation between the lens and the mirror.
( a) Find the velocity of the image (with respect to the ground) formed by the mirror.
( b) Also find the magnification of this image. Express your answer in terms of x.

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Q27. A point object O is placed infront of a x L M
Q S
hemispherical glass surface (n = 3/2)
n=3/2
PQR of radius 30 cm at a distance of
120 cm from P. The focal length of the O P
lens L and the concave mirror M is 30
cm each. QRST is a glass slab (of R T
120 cm 120 cm
n=3/2) of length X. If the erect image 100 cm

of the object is formed at the object itself, find X

Q28. An equi-convex lens of refractive index 1.5 has its
radii of curvature 30 cm. A point object O is placed on
the principal axis at a distance of 60 cm from the O
lens. Find the image formed by rays which suffer
refraction at the first surface, then reflection on the
second surface, again reflection on the first surface 60 cm
and finally refraction on the second surface.

Q29. A plane mirror is placed on the axis of a convex lens at

separation 10 cm from lens. Normal to mirror makes an angle of f = 30 cm
1.8
1.8 with the axis of the lens as shown. A parallel beam of light is
incident on the lens parallel to optical axis. The transverse
distance of final image from optical axis is D mm. Find D.

10 cm

( D) Refraction at prism
Q30. PQR is an equilateral prism of refractive index 1.5 show P
that the smallest angle of incidence such that a light ray
600
can emerge from the other side is given by 0
90
3    2    
min  sin  sin  600  sin1    
1
M
 2    3   
A =1.5

Q R
Q31. An equilateral prism ABC is placed in air z
with its base side BC lying horizontally
along X-axis as shown in the figure. A A

ray given by 3 z + x = 10 is incident at P

a point P on face AB of prism.
( a) Find the value of  for which the ray B 600
grazes the face AC. (0, 0, 0) C x
( b) Find direction of the finally refracted ray if
 = 3/2.
y
( c) Find the equation of ray coming out of prism if bottom BC is silvered?

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Q32. The two faces of a prism are silvered. A ray incidents normally unsilvered A

face as shown. Find

( i) net deviation of ray through prism. 60
0

( ii) length of path travelled by light ray inside the prism if each side is a.
0
90

0
60
C B

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ANSWER: Assignment-1( OPTICS)
 2 1  2  1 
( A) Refraction at spherical surface   
v u R 
Ans1. R/2
nd
Ans2. 5 mm to the left of 2 surface
Ans3. 9.37 cm right side from P
Ans4. 15cm
n 1
Ans5. R
3n  1
Ans6. 2
  4n  9   , and n  ,0.9  2,2.25
Ans7. R      
 10n  9  n  2  
Ans8. 80 cm
Ans9. 2R from right side of spherical shell.
Ans10. 3 1.25cm right side of object, virtual
Ans11. 5.29 cm, from glass sheet in the liquid of refractive index 4/3
Ans12. 1.11
450
Ans13. cm
13
Ans14. 180/7 cm
Ans15. 1.18 ( Approx)
Ans16. 210 cm
Ans18. 50cm
Ans19. ( a) 40 cm ( b) 
Ans20. 65 cm
Ans21. 400cm right to lens
Ans22. 15 cm
Ans23. 60 0
Ans24. 50 cm
Ans25. 12 cm
15
Ans26. ( a) 3 m/s ( b)
45  x
Ans27. 90 cm
Ans28. 60/13 cm on the other side of the lens
Ans29.3mm
Ans30.
2
Ans31. ( a) ( b) finally refracted ray is parallel to z-axis ( c) 3 z + x = 10
3
0
Ans32.( a) 180 ( b) 3a