Green Building

A green building is a green construction or sustainable building that, in

its design, construction or operation, reduces negative impacts and
creates positive impacts on our climate and natural
environment.Bangunan hijau merupakan bangunan yang bercirikan teknologi binaan
mesra alam semulajadi. Selain menjimatkan pelbagai jenis tenaga termasuk tenaga
elektrik, air, angin serta kos, ianya juga turut memberi keselesaan dan persekitaran
yang sihat

Project Summary
Humans are ever creating and constructing buildings for the convenience of our
ever expanding population. These concrete buildings create urban areas that are
harmful to the environment and cause global warming. Thus, green buildings should be
built as an alternative solution to concrete buildings. This is because green buildings
preserve precious natural resources, and have efficient use of energy, water and
resources. Green buildings also reduce waste from constructions as materials used are
often materials from old building structures.
 This model is made as an example of how future efficient and comfortable green
buildings might be.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/
10XVO8CpYzbcr8sl92zsqV3SDAiZupD_66iHef9Umm2A/edit?usp=sharing link

Problem Statement
Our Earth was once filled with green plants, amazing geological structures
and vast forests full of diversity. However, some irresponsible human
beings have destroyed Mother Earth’s beauty and left a noticeable amount
of carbon footprint.so bm ah

Humans have taken a large area of the Earth’s land. Landcover is one key way
that we can measure how much of the terrestrial environment has been covered by
humans. Earth’s surface is about 500 million km2, but 70.8% of that is water, which is
currently inhabitable by humans. If oil rigs and the occasional cruise liner are ignored,
according to the FAO Global Land Cover SHARE database, produced in 2014, 0.6% of
Earth’s land surface is defined as ‘Artificial surfaces‘.

However, landcover is something that is changing constantly, so even fairly

recent estimates may already be out of date.

Artificial surfaces are areas that have an artificial cover as a result of human
activities such as construction, cities, towns, transportation, extraction (open mines and
quarries) or waste disposal. This figure gives us an estimate of roughly 900,000 km2 of
human-covered land worldwide.

3% of land surface is covered by urban areas according to GRUMP datasets

combined with satellite images. Researchers at UW-Madison's Center for Sustainability
and Global Environment conclude that over 40% of earth's land is given over to
agriculture.

Considering human inhabited land to be a combination of agricultural and urban

areas, we have around 43% of earth's land surface covered by humans. (2005 data)

This is an interesting perspective given by a new global map of European

Commission's Joint Research Center that was published in the World Bank's World
Development report in 2009. According to the report, 95% of the world's population is
concentrated on just 10% of the world's land surface. While only 10% of the
world's land is classified as remote or more than 48 hours from a large city.

We can either state that most humans now inhabit only 10% 0f world's land, but
we have the rest 80% well connected with roads, highways, farmlands.etc. Depending
on time taken to travel, we can say that humans now inhabit 90% of the world's land
leaving only 10% for wilderness.

In conclusion, humans have covered up a significant percentage of Earth’s land

with artificial surfaces and buildings. Artificial surfaces and buildings that are made up of
unsustainable materials can harm the environment and increase carbon footprint. Thus,
green environment and green building structures should be encouraged to reduce the
carbon footprint left behind due to construction, transportation and deforestation. If
every building was made green, the global carbon footprint could be reduced by 15-20%
every year. This would play a crucial role in reversing the implications of climate
change.

Objective

Relation of green building to sustainable cities and

communities
Buildings are a necessity in our lives. It can be found anywhere which human
communities exist and even more can be found in cities. Buildings give us a home to
stay, a place to buy needs and groceries, a place to have indoor activities and even a
place to do sports and be healthy.

However, these buildings are mostly made out of concrete. Concrete is how we
try to tame nature. Our slabs protect us from the elements. They keep the rain from our
heads, the cold from our bones and the mud from our feet. But they also entomb vast
tracts of fertile soil, constipate rivers, choke habitats and even desensitise us from what
is happening outside our urban fortresses.
 One of the effects of concrete buildings are, concrete industries emit around
2.8bn tonnes of carbon dioxide per year. Besides that, concrete takes up almost a tenth
of the world’s industrial water use. This often strains supplies for drinking and irrigation.
In cities, concrete also adds to the heat-island effect by absorbing the heat of sun and
trapping gases from car exhausts and air-conditioner units.

There are many, many other effects of concrete buildings in cities and
communities can cause. As we all already know, buildings are a necessity in human
lives. Thus, the best solution to this problem is to change the material and technology of
buildings. These high-tech and environmentally friendly buildings are known as Green
Buildings.

Green buildings provide many benefits to our environment. Green buildings not
only reduce or eliminate negative impacts on the environment by using less water,
energy or natural resources, but they can have a positive impact on the environment by
generating their own energy or increasing biodiversity.

Firstly, green buildings protect existing natural spaces. This is because green
buildings tend not to be constructed on environmentally sensitive lands. If they are
constructed near green spaces, measures are taken to limit its impact on the local
ecology.

Besides that, green buildings also benefit by enhancing existing ecology. Green
buildings often are constructed on previously developed property, with measures taken
to restore plant life to building sites by the use of green roofs, which provide a more
ecologically friendly alternative to conventional roofing systems.

Next, reducing water use is also one of the important benefits given by
construction of green buildings. Water use typically results in the extraction of clean
water from the environment and delivery of contaminated water back to the
environment. Fortunately in green buildings, plumbing fixtures are water efficient and
good rainwater harvesting systems are found within the roof and the outdoor area of the
building.

Moreover, green buildings cut energy consumption further with clean, renewable
energy from photovoltaic panels. During periods when the panels produce more power
than the house is using, the electric meter will actually run backwards. In some
countries, wind generated electricity is also an option.

In conclusion, green buildings are alternative solutions to concrete buildings and

should be encouraged to be built in cities as they bring many benefits and also reduce
the carbon footprint of cities.

Materials and Tools

Tools

Scissors Hot Glue

Cutter knife Ruler

White Glue Water colour

Materials

Cardboard Printed solar panels

Penutup PVC Printed white hollow bricks

Ice Cream Sticks Coloured papers

rumput Electric circuits

Plastic bottle Batteries

Preparation and benefits

The making of our green building is a long and hard process. This report
depicts our preparation, process and the benefits of each characteristic
implemented in our green building.

Firstly, we used cardboard and ice cream sticks to build the walls of our
green building. The cardboard wall is covered with white printed bricks to
represent white hollow bricks that are used in green buildings. We choose hollow
bricks as it is an environmentally-friendly construction material. Other than that,
hollow blocks provide comfortable interiors due to its thermal insulation
properties. The air space in hollow blocks are heat insulators which prevent heat
from entering the building and cool air to escape the building, which keeps our
green building cool in summer and warm in winter. Hollow blocks also make the
building soundproof or at least keep the noise at bay due to the hollow nature of
the block.
Hollow block with its multitude of advantages is an innovative building product
which can also be employed for low-cost housing.

Besides that, we used a pvc cover to represent glass walls. Which lets more
natural light into the green building and allows us to save energy in the day.
Windows that are cut out from the walls and sticked with ice cream sticks work
the same. Besides that, it is also used as a ventilation system.

Secondly, the rooftop is layered with artificial grass to build the rooftop
garden, and cardboard is again wrapped with printed solar panels to represent
solar panels on rooftops. When it rains the raindrops will fall on the grass and
work as a water purification system. Some wooden sticks are used to make a
drain pipe along the rooftop rainwater catchment area that leads water to a tank
made by the base of a plastic bottle. On the other, since Malaysia has a tropical
climate which receives sunlight everyday through the years, so using solar
energy as the green buildings main energy source would be the best decision.

This green building featured house also has a car porch that is built using
cardboard and ice cream sticks.At the car porch you would find a small charging
station for the hybrid cars.Using hybrid cars could lower the release of exhaust
gasses from cars using petrol.

Cardboards are again used to make recycle bins. Using recycle bins and
classifying our trash could prevent pollution, save energy, and boost the
economy, so how could we leave out this eco-friendly idea？Satay sticks and
green-coloured papers are used to make trees. Trees would help in purifying the
polluted atmosphere in the city and moderate the high temperature caused by
greenhouse effects and natural climate in Malaysia.

Lastly, we also prepared simple electric circuits which include wires, dry
cells, light bulbs and switches to demonstrate sensors in the house and also
show uses of electricity generated by solar panels.
Methodology

Project Final
 Benefits
There are many benefits our green building model provides to the environment.
Firstly, the wall of the ground floor of our green building model is made to represent
white hollow bricks. The reason we used concrete hollow bricks is because, unlike
traditional brick manufacture, which releases harmful fumes, hollow blocks are machine-
made, thus saving our environment.
 Conclusion
Green building is a financially, health, and most importantly environmentally
responsible idea that more people need to adapt to. The United States
Green Building Council developed LEED in order to help customers,
designers, and builders to work together to create buildings with the
minimal impact on the environment possible. Many building materials and
renewable energy sources exist to lessen one’s impact upon the
environment.

Education is one of the most important factors to encourage more green

building structures. Through educating, environmental friendly materials
from different parties can become more readily accessible and reliable, and
by providing government incentives it is possible to encourage more people
to adopt green building and all of the benefits that come along with it.
Besides that, education can also increase awareness among engineers
and manufacturers to care for the importance of our environment

Thus, government and private authorities should join forces and work
together to create more green buildings and provide a healthy and clean
environment for better lives of future generations.