COMPUTER

SOFTWARE
Week 4
Lesson Overview
◦What is a Computer Software?
◦Two main types of Software
◦Functions of Software
◦Common Application Software
◦Kinds of Software Uses
◦Harmful Software
What is a Computer Software?
Software is the set of instructions that tell the hardware
what to do. Software is created through the process of
programming. Without the software, the hardware would not
be functional.
Computer Protocol
Types of Software
Software can be broadly divided into two categories:
1. Systems Software
2. Application Software.
Systems Software
Systems Software manages the hardware and create
the interface between the hardware and the user. This
is needed in order to operate and use our computer.
Functions of System Software
The operating system provides several essential functions,
including:
1. managing the hardware resources of the computer;
2. providing the user-interface components;
3. providing a platform for software developers to write
applications.
Functions of System Software
All computing devices runs an operating system. For personal
computers, the most popular operating systems are
Microsoft’s Windows, Apple’s OS X, and different versions
of Linux. Smartphones and tablets run operating systems as
well, such as Apple’s iOS, Google’s Android, Microsoft’s
Windows Mobile, and Unix.
Examples of System Software
Application Software
Application software is the category of programs that
do something useful for the user. It is not needed by
the computer to operate but is needed by the end-users
to use.
Application Software
Application software developers used different kinds of
computer languages such as C#, Java, PHP, Ruby,
Unity, etc.
Application Software
For computer based software, we call it Programs
While for mobile based software, we call it
Applications
Examples of Application Software
Common Application Software
1. Word processing
This class of software provides for the creation of
written documents. Functions include the ability to
type and edit text, format fonts and paragraphs, and
add, move, and delete text throughout the document.
Common Application Software
2. Spreadsheet
This class of software provides a way to do numeric
calculations and analysis. The working area is divided
into rows and columns, where users can enter numbers,
text, or formulas.
Common Application Software
3. Presentation
This class of software provides for the creation of
slideshow presentations. Harkening back to the days of
overhead projectors and transparencies, presentation
software allows its users to create a set of slides that
can be printed or projected on a screen.
Common Application Software
4. Image editing
Image editing software encompasses the processes of
altering images, whether they are digital photographs,
traditional photo-chemical photographs, or
illustrations.
Common Application Software
4. Video editing
Software used for performing the post-production
video editing of digital video sequences on a non-linear
editing system. It has replaced traditional flatbed
celluloid film editing tools and analogue video
tape-to-tape online editing.
Kinds of Software Uses
1. Open Source
2. Freeware
3. Shareware
4. Commercialized/Licensed
Harmful Software
1. The Malware (Malicious Software)
2. Malware creation is on the rise due to the sheer
volume of new types created daily and the lure of
money that can be made through organized
Internet crime.
Harmful Software
3. Malware was originally created as experiments and
pranks, but eventually led to vandalism and destruction
of targeted computer machines.
4. Today, much of malware is created for profit
through forced advertising, stealing sensitive
information, spreading email spam, pornography, or to
extort money.
Harmful Software
1. Virus
2. Worm
3. Trojan Horse
4. Spyware
5. Adware
6. Zombie Computers
7. Ransomware
Types of Malware
Virus
◦the most common type of malware and it is defined as a
malicious program that can execute itself and spreads by
infecting other programs or files.
◦when executed, replicates itself by modifying other
computer programs and inserting its own code.
Types of Malware
Worm

◦is a type of malware that can self-replicate without a host

program.
◦worms typically spread without any human interaction or
directives from the malware authors
Types of Malware
Trojan Horse
◦A Trojan horse is a malicious program that is designed to
appear as a legitimate program; once activated following
installation.
◦The term comes from the a Greek story of the Trojan War,
in which the Greeks give a giant wooden horse to their foes,
the Trojans, ostensibly as a peace offering.
Types of Malware
Spyware
Spyware is a kind of malware that is designed to collect
information and data on users and observe their activity
without users' knowledge.
Spyware is often hidden from the user in order to gather
information about internet interaction, keystrokes (also
known as keylogging), passwords, and other valuable data.
Types of Malware
Adware
Adware is any software application in which advertising
banners are displayed while a program is running. The ads
are delivered through pop-up windows or bars that appear
on the program's user interface. Adware is commonly
created for computers, but may also be found on mobile
devices.
Types of Malware
Zombie Computers
A zombie (also known as a bot) is a computer that a remote
attacker has accessed and set up to forward transmissions
(including spam and viruses) to other computers on the
Internet.
Types of Malware
Ransomware
Is a malware designed to infect a user's system and encrypt
the data. Cybercriminals then demand a ransom payment
from the victim in exchange for decrypting the system's data.

Wanna Cry Ransomware

References
◦The main references of this course are the following:
◦Introduction to computer 8th Edition (Author: Gary B. Shelly)
◦Introduction to computer 6th Edition (Author: Peter Norton)
◦Computer Fundamentals Edition 2009 (Author: Dennis T. Fajardo)
◦Introduction to computer (Author: Antonio M. Andes Sr.)
◦Introduction to Computer (Author: John S. Salac)
References

◦ https://heimdalsecurity.com/blog/freeware-vs-shareware-vs-open-source/
◦ https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-application-software-definition-exam
ples-types.html