316) renee Can 6-26 Repeat Proh. 6-24 for Ace years instead of Five years. simple payback period of the rate of air the furnace Refrigerators and Heat Pumps 6-29C What isthe difference berween are heat pump? 6-30C What i the difference between a relrgeratr 6-31C Ina refrigerator, heat is transferred feom temperature medium (the refrigerated space) tw a higher: temperature one (ihe kitchen ain Is this violation of the second law of thermodynamics? Explain, 6-32C A heat pump is a devie the cold outdo that absorbs energy From sir and transfers it 10 the warmer indoors Is this « violation of the second law of thermodynamics? Expl {or in words. Cam it be greater than unity? Define the coeticient of performance ofa celrigera 6-MC Deine the cocfficiens of performance of a feat pump in words, Can it be greater than unity? 6-38C A heat pump that is used heal & house has a COP of 2.5. "That ithe heat pump delivers 2.3 kWh of fenerey 10 the house for exch 1 kWh of electricity i co fumes, Is this a violation of ies? Explain Firat Yaw of thernodynam 6-30C A reffigrator has a COP of 15. That is, the tei rar removes 1.5 kWh of energy trom the refrigerated space for each { kWh of electricity i consumes, Is thie & violtion fof the frst law of thermodynamics? Explain, 6-37C What is the Chusius expression of the second law of thermodynamics? 6-380 Show hat the Kelvin-Planch and the pressions of the second law are equivalent Cause 6-39E A residential heat pump has coefficient of perfor mance of 2.4. How mach heating effect in Hew, will sul when 5 hp is supplied to this heat pomp? ‘An air conditioner prnluces a 24W cooling effect wile rejecting 25 kW of eat. What i its COP? 41. A refrigerator used 0 coo! a computer requires 3 KW of electrical power and has a COP of It. Cle ing effect ofthis refrigerator i KW 6-42 A food department is kept at ~12°C by a refrigerator in an environment a 30°C. The total heat gan to the ford {department is estimated to be 3300 Kh and the beat rejec tion inthe condense is 4800 kiMn, Determine the paver inp to the compressor. in kW and the COP of the refrigerator. A household refrigerator with a COP of 1 2 removes heat from the refrigerated space at arate of 60 kl/inin. Deter mine (a) the electric power consumed by the relrgecatr ad(@) the sate of heat transfer to the kitchen ai 6-HE A commercial heat pump removes. 10.000 Bath frem the source. rejects 15.090 Brulh to the sink, and requires 2 hyp of power. What is this heat purmp's coefficient of performance’ 6-48 refrigerator use for cooling food ina grocery store isto produce a 25,000 kJ cooling effect, and ithas 4 cient of performance of 1.60. How many kilowatts of power ‘will this refrigerator vequite to operate? 6-46 A household refigerator that has a power input of 4450 W and a COP of 25 is 10 coo five large watermelons, 10 kg each, t@ BC. If the watermelons are initially at 20°C determine how long it will take forthe refrigerator to cool them. The saermelons can be treated as Water whose spe fic heat is 4.2 ki/kg °C. Is your answer realistic oF opt mist? Explain 6-47 > When a man returns to his wellscaled house on 4a summer day he fins that the hse is 35°C He turns on the air conditioner, which cools the entire howse to 20°C in 30 min. Ifthe COP of the at-condtioning system is 238, determine the power drawn by the air conltioner Assume the entire mass within the house 1s equivalent to 8O0 ky of air for which, = 0.72 KUkgC and c, = LO KIMg "C FIGURE P6-47 6-48 GB Reconsider Prob. 6-47. Using EES dor other RS software, determine the power input required by sanditioner to cao} the house a8 « function for air conditioner EER ratings in the range 5 «© 15. Discuss your resulls and include representative coxis of airconditioning Units inthe EER rating range 6-49 Bananas ae to be cooled from 24 to 13°C at arate of 21S kgf by a teigertion system. ‘The power imp to the refrigerator is 14 KW. Determine the rate of cooling, in Lin, and the COP of the refrigerator. The specific heat of bunana above fiezing is 31.35 kkg °C 6-50 A reftigerator is sed 10 coo! water from 23 405°C in «continuous manner. The heat ejected in the condenser is $70 lumina the power is 2.65 KW, Determine te rt ‘ch ater one, n Uni and he COP of he eg Mir The peli hea of war e448 Like seh ipa Tecnu af 20 The hte beg ent oun Sirrough the wal td he widows a re of S000 in wie te cae generated tn ase fon pe igh and appnece ams #00 LI 2 COP S°2Stdacmine he mpeed pore pet he bet pomp 40013 FIGURE 5-51 6-52 Water enters an ice machine at 55+ ice a 28°F I the COP of the fee machine is 2.4 during this, ermine the required poser inp for an ice pro duction rate of 28 Ibavh. 1169) Blu of energ removed from each Ibm of water at 55°F to ta 6-S3E Consider an olfice room that is being cooled ade: quately by 3 12,000 Baum window air conditioner. Now iti decided to convert this rom inta a computer room by inalling several computes, terminals, and printers with 4 total rated power of 8.4 KW. The facility has several 000 Bur ar sondioners in storage that ean be installed #0 neet the additional cooling requitements, Assuming a usage sctor of O4 (ie, only 40 percent of the rated power will be consumed at any. given time) and addiionsl cccupaney of seven people, each generating heat at arate of 100 W, deter. imine hows many of these air conditioners need to be installed and leaves as 54 Consider building whose annual air-conditioning load is estimated (0 be 120,000 kWh in an area where the of electricity is $0.10/KWh, Two air conditioners are considered forthe building. Air conditioner A has average COP of 3.2 and costs $5500 to purchase and instal Air conditioner B has a seasonal average COP of 5.0 and costs $7000 to purchase and install. All che being equ determine which air conditioner is better buyco Rea TT 6-82 A heat engine receives heat from 4 heat source at 1200°C and has a thermal efficiency of 40 percent. The heat engine does maximum work equal w $00 kl. Deter ‘mine the heat supplied tothe heat engine bythe heat source the heat rejected to the het sink, and the temperature of the heat sink (AD) A eat engine operating on the Carnot eycle has a ‘easured work output of 900 KJ and heat rejection of 150 kd to a heat reservoi at 27°C. Determine the heat supplied the heat engine by the heat source, ia KJ, and the temperature ofthe hea source, in “C. 6-84 A heat engine is operating on x Carnot cycle sid has 4 thermal efficiency of 75 percent. The waste heat from this engine is rejected 10a nearby lake a 13°C ata rate of 14 kW. Determine the power output ofthe engine and the tempera ture of the source, a °C 6-88 A geothermal power plant uses geothermal water extracted at 150°C and produces 8000 kW of net power: The geothermal water leaves the plant at 90°C. I the erviroament temperature is 25°C, determine (a) the aetual thermal eiciency ‘maniinum possible thermal efficiency, and ( the actu rate of heat ejection from this power plant at rate of 210 kgs as the heat source 6-8o It is claimed that the efficiency of a completely reversible heat engine can be doubled by doubling the temper tute of the energy source. Justify the validity of this claim, Carnot Rettigerators and Heat Pump (6-87C How ean we increase the COP of Carmo reigraer 6-88C A homeowner buys a new reeigerator and « new aie congtioner. Which one ofthese devices woul! you expect to have a higher COP? Why? 6-89C A homeowner buys anew reltigcraior with 0 freezer compartment and a deep lrezer for the aew kitchen Which of these devices would you expect (0 have a lower COP? Wy? 6-90C In an effort conserve energy in a heat engi eyele, somebody suggests incorporating. efiigerator that will absorb some ofthe waste energy Q and tanser i 0 the energy source of the heat engine. Is this a stnart ieu? Explain 6-91C tis well established that the thermal effcieney of a heat engine increases as the temperature Tat which heat is rejected from the heat engine decreases. In an effort 10 increase the efficiency of a powerplant, somebody supests refrigerating the cooling water before it enters the condenser, where heat rejection takes place. Would you be in favor of this idea? Why? 6-92C is well known thatthe therm efficiency of heat engines increases a8 the temperature of the energy source increases. In an acempt to imine the efficiency of a power plan, somebody suggests transferring hea fom the avaiable enenty source 10 a highsetemperature medium by 2 heat Pump before energy is supplied to the power plsut. What do you think of this suggestion? Explain, 6-93 Determine the minimum work per unit of heat tras fer from the souree tha is required drive @ refrigerator with theemal-energy reservoirs at 273 K and 303 K 6-94 An inventor claims to have developed a heat pump that produces 4 200-KW heating effect for & 203 K heated zone while only using 75 KW of power and i heat source 273 K Justify the validity of this claim, 6-95 A heat pump operates on a Carnot heat pump cycle with a COP of 8.77 It keeps a space at 26°C by consuming 4.25 KW of power. Determine the temperature of the reser voir ffom which the heat is absorbed nd the heating hod provided by the hea pur, 6-96 A refigerawor is 10 remove heat fram the cooled space at a rate of 300 kMnin to maintain its temperature a -8C. Ifthe air surounding the refnerator iy at 25°C determine the minimum power inp required for this refeg .j “yo ao = ED: 28 6-97 An inventor claims 10 have developed refrigeration system that removes heat from the closed region at 12°C and transfers ito the surounding air at 25°C while manntain ing « COP of 65. Is this claim reasonable? Why? 6-98E An airconditioning system is used to maintain a house at 70°F when the temperature outside is 100°F. The house is guining heat through the walls and the windows at arate of 800 Bru/min, and the heat generation rate within the house from people, lighs, and appliances amounts to 100 Bru/min, Determine the minimum power input required for this air-conditioning system, 6-99 A heat pump is used to maintain 4 house at 22°C by acting heat from the outside air on @ day when the ouside sir temperature is °C. The house is estimated to lose het at 8 rate of 110.000 KY, and the heat puinp consumes 5 KW of electric power when runaing, Is this heat pump powerful enough to do the jo?36°C Devermine the COP of the refrigerate. the power input. in LW. and the rate of heat rejected to high-temperature reservoir, bh, (D4 The performance of a heat pump degrades (ie i ‘COP decreases) the temperature of the heat source dereases, Tis makes using heat pumps at lacations with severe weather conditions natisctive. Consider a owse that is heated and mained at 20°C by a heat punap during the witer. What is the maxim COP for this heat pup if hea extracted frm the outdoor air at (a) 10°C. 1b) °C, and fe) MIC SE. heat pump isto be used for heating a house in win ter The house 10 be mainianed at 78°F al nes, When the temperature outdoors drops to 25°F. the heat loses fr the house are estimated to be 55.000 Btu, Determine the mia power required to run this heat pump if heat is extracted from {ay the outdoor sir at 25°F and (b) the well water a SOE EAB Ciro teat puny is 10 be wed 0 heat a 6-100 A completely rwvesble refrigerator operates mated Wo loc heat al at of $5,000 KI. I the fea pump between thea energy reservoir ut 430 Rand S401 How imues 0 KW of power while operating, Jeti how tiny Kilowots of pow ae required fr thie device o pro- lange bea ump nano tal da () fs taal ea Ge 115.00 Bush cooling effec msining am average price of 8 S/KWh fer eles the eating cot forthe sarc oy of estan hein ed 6-101 A ‘effigerator operating. on the reversed Carnot en instead of a eat pump. cycle has a measured work input of 200 KW and heat rec tom of 2000 KW (0 a heat reservoir at 27°C, Determine the cooling load supplied ta the reigeratog. in KW, and th tem perature of the heat source. in °C 6-102 An 18.000 Brufh spi air conditioner running at fll load is used 10 keep a room at 22°C in an eavitoniment at B¥C. The power inpot to the compressor is 34 KW. Deter- mine the rate of heat rejected in the condenser. in KU (i) the COP ofthe air eontioner, and (e) the sate of cooling in Buh ifthe air conditioner operated as a Camot refer tor forthe samme power input 6-103. Carnot refigerator absorbs heat from a 15°C at arate of 16.000 kith and rejects Heat toa ese A Cannot heat engine receives heat from a reserve HKFC ata ate of $00 kin and rejets the waste heat to the ambient air at 27°C. The ene work oul of the heat engine is used to drive a refrigerator that removes heat fron the eft erate space at $C nd transfers it to the same ambient i 27°C. Determine (othe maximum fate of ea renal trom the refrigerated space and ( the tll ate of heat rejection 1 Fiour the ambvent ar