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Shade ONE letter only for each question. if you think Bis the right answer, Make sure you put your answer in tine with the fillin your angwer sheet ike this: correct question number. 1 PALETTE1 Answer all questions. Write your answers in the boxes provided. Lithium and boron are elements in period 2 of the periodic table. Lithium occurs in group 1 (the alkali metals) and boron occurs in group 3. Isotopes exist for both elements, (a) (i) Define the terms atomic umber, mass number and isotopes of an element. ‘tome number AMorais...C 090280... 1A.Alebe. 28M a. Paslona 400... CUO... Octo yf Mass number: Mona. naman, sath naa, §--Popto.ng..&. Koro... Shh... Moe od, OAR, atom, Isotopes of an element: / Js0lopR...AK cbonwa.o5. the, Seam. ehamndon.. Nes y ~ toi... sligperent MOAd..LambUra../newons/, Cal Gi) Distinguish between the terms gronp and period, u1 A Yow. B_ PEALCANE..D.. Ane. MOURNE CeO. WA O.penied io He..oumbbe.oy. shes ae CHOPS - vertical Getuamyy horinoricd #Vtan cows.(iii) Deduce the electron arrangements of the lithium ion, Li’, and the boron atom, B. >) 0r0n ato '® ui: ASB... a Je BS. 6.28.29, (iv) Naturally occurring boron exists as two isotopes with mass numbers of 10 and 11. Calculate the percentage abundance of the lighter isotope, using this information and the relative atomic mass of boron in Table 5 of the Data Booklet, 2) ’ W We hag aboWan® & Daron aD be TNO Bl. 2. Con. ly. 4 002292 voc ORNS 10-8 AUEO, oH ARAN Ula. 65 haven 8 (©) Lithium exists as 0 isotopes with mass numbers of 6 and 7. Deduce the number of protons, electrons and neutrons for each isotope. @) Mass number 4 | Number of protons | Number of electrons | Number of electrons 6 3 oy a y ul 3 3 Yy ly(b) Every element has its own unique line emission spectrum, A.scontinueos. spechian. Shows. i, EAypen..Qy Kant, tlie, O..UN&., Shes, onby xisihls...Leae..specheoen.. Wa. SPoCLR. nek oagen He....Lingd Colas. Comb nwend, how... MSW... SPUCLD. LAIRD... MISSLIS... (ii) Draw a diagram to show the electron transitions between energy levels in a hydrogen atom that are responsible for the two series of lines in the ultraviolet and visible regions of the spectrum, Label your diagram to show three transitions for each series pr 4merALS DONT Haye ov bony (©) G) Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity and why they are malleable. @) Tapia emit Meteva Fenn, Sak. With... AKL thal cation. cunrancinsyeel Sn, 9. LARS. Youths... See. of. Medhinos..The, eleerons, 6 Cole. 1B Condioe..bed. L.Nheotricity..arncl the ocnrment loves oan Go wae Mecbotistyy (i) Deduce the chemical formulas of lithium oxide and iron(II) oxide aa Lithium oxide: BinO han. Iron(I1) oxide: a Oya Xecn fe. Phosphine (IUPAC name phosphane) is a hydride of phosphorus, with the formula PH), ry (@) ( Draw a Lewis (eleetron dot) structure of phosphine. ] - / en Vv cae Ta Ga 20") 10Shape | non-polar PGW Rot Same eleckto Neg og: Bot ee eter pepintabepolrornorglae o> MEA giving a brief reason. ae LE souk. ne. polon...bgsaese. of. the Vent pain bp. aloondh.... Poin... PASEO... (ii) Explain why the phosphine molecule is mot planar. A Procansk...6..Pa..muguiswor.ch Bar lone. Pine tre % pond... .poue..mrost...oanongg...tnumselve coh. 20d. dishans..ptom. cero they..onel Ah Lank...pee.. 2. Us... gees) pycosnished cat. snes ss ~) 5, @) State the relative mass and charge of the subatomic particles of an ato Relative mass Relative charge Proton sl vA 4 Electron 5x10" y Neutron ois Bie tS at -+ Ht = bo “yo BP, @. a1 307 ve(©) () Caleuate the number of neutrons and electrons in one atom of Cu. (iD) — Neurons: 36 ¥ Electrons: / 29 i) State one difference in the physical properties of the isotopes “Cu and “Cu and explain why their chemical properties are the same. an ® Physical, a (Dgviaig Gain Denwiby.”. eae Chemical: Besanse....chamicad. proper 20. creda tomucee)..y/ rotors ond Rlchions whieh cow he Sune te wotopey/ Across period 3, elements increase in atomic number, decrease in atomic radius and increase in electronegativity. >) (@) Define the term electronegativity. (w Clishronsge tivity... the... siting eprom ectore, Meciuch..of akiniehiengss..on.cipms naclean...\nes,.%0. Q shod Pain ot ele Cran [Total 40 marks} 2