eT [Practical Chemistry] 420A SALT-2-Aluminium Sulphate }\e dipping in eon.HCI and heat it on flame upto no colour appears. Now.prepare facta al SSaie ann snd dC isco ane Or aes reo Sea 4) Action of BaC!, solution Tsimensaesrnact ae ° the paste of con.HCl + salt in} EXPERIMENT. OBSERVATION INFERENCE White Cue, Fe, Ni? & Mn Cations may be absent. Crystalline Colour flame is not observed Water droplets are formed on the inner walls of test tube No reaction 1) Before heating no reaction| ) After heating no reaction. No reaction White ppt. of (BaSO,) May be Hydrated salt Carbonate (CO) & Acetate (CH,COO>) ions are absent. Chloride (CI) & bromide (Br) ions are absent. Nitrate (NO> Jion is absent Nitrate (NO-,) ion is absent, Sulphate (SO*,) ion is is formed, present mm. ‘Toasmall amount of the salt, add boil it for five minutes. Ii IV. (Confirmation test for Sulphate ion ® ‘twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few m/ of distilled water and ered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract ‘Action of BaCl, solution : ‘To the salt solution BaCl, solution is added. in Cone, HCL White ppt. of (BaSO.) is formed. Solubility : Above ppt. is insoluble Sulphate (80%) ion is confirmed. BBL A$ a>Y. (Weentification of Cation 3 Practical Chemistry} $$$ rrrrrcracrn, Preparation of original salt solution : Original salt solution can be prepared by dissolving excess amount of given salt in a suitable solvent. VI. (Test for Ammonium (NH°,) ion :} ee ee iy oa ken in aye Rosne ereoneon eens eee 3) Tet for [Group Caton To the salt solution a few drops of] dil HCI solution is added. b) Test for Il Group Cations : ae anc! sono sao ana pe «9 Tet for i Gro Caton To the salt solution NHCP fata ne oes wide oh Te for ¥ Group Cato Satsoluione NHCleate See ©) Test for V Group Cations: Salt solution + NH,CI salt + NH,OH solution +#(NH,),CO, solution is aded 1) Test for VI Group Cations: Salt soltion + NHCT salt + NHOH solution +(NHI),CO,+ 'Na,HPO, solution is added \VIIL Confirmation Tests for Aiominiom ) a) Action of NaOH Solution : ‘To the salt solution NaOH. solution is added 1b) Action of NH,OH solution : To the salt solution NH,OH solution is added. colour less gas (NH) with pungent smell is not evolved. No ppt. is formed, No ppt. is formed, White gelatinous ppt. is forme. White ppt. ZnS is not formed. Flesh colour ppt. Mns isnot formed. Black ppt. Nis is not formed. White ppt. CaCO, isnot formed. White ppt. BaCO, is not formed. White ppt. SrCO, is not formed, White ppt. is not formed White gelatinous ppt. is formed. Which is soluble in excess of NaOH Solution. White gelatinous ppt. is formed. Which is soluble in excess of NH,OH solution Ammonium (NE) cation is absent. Lead (Pb* ) cation is absent. Copper (Cu cation is absent ‘Aluminium (AI) cation is present Zine (Zn") absent Manganese (Mn) absent Nickel (Ni*) absent Caleium (Ca*) absent] Barium (Ba) absent Strontium (Sr) absent Magnesium (Mg”) absent Aluminium (A) Cation is confirmed, Aluminium (A) cation is confirmed. IX. Report: ‘The given Cation is: Aluminium (A) ‘The given Anion is : Sulphate (SO*,) ‘The given satis: Aluminium Sulphate [A/, (60,),] a_i errrPRPS _________________________practical Chemistry] 90 SALT-3-Ammonium Acetate En cc ENG 1 a) Colour White Cu”, Fe®, Ni? & Mn® by State Crystalline Cations may be absent ©) Flame test : Clean the platinum wire by | Colour flame is not observed ion is present. strongly heated un. a) Action of diLIICL A small quantity of salt is | Colourless vapours with smell] May be Acetate (CH,COO>) taken in adry test tube and | of vinegar is evolved and _| ion is present AiLHIC is added. which tums blue litmus to red 111. (Preparation sodium carbonate extract : Toasmall amount ofthe salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few m! of distilled water and boil it for five minutes. Itis filtered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract. IV. (Confirmation test for Acetate ion 3 ‘a) Action of Neutral FeCl, solution : Pa To the salt solution Fruity odour is obtained. Acetate (CH,COO-) eee ¥ a stan: Ogi sahshon cn be pea ydshng ents amount of given salt in a suitable solvent. BBLELPQA $$ ep Ba"?,Cu®, Zn” Phare absentPractical Chemistry} $$$ rrrrrcracrn, VI. (Test for Ammonium (NH°,)ion 3 Reaction with NaOH : ‘To the small quantity of salt is |colour less gas with pungent | Ammonium (NH,") taken ina dry test ube afew | smell of ammonia (NH,) is cation may be present. drops of NaOH solution is evolved and gives dense white added and. heated strongly. fumes (NH,CD with glass rod when dipped in eone.HCL (Rote: Ammonium cations Menfed then wrt folowing table, Do confirmation tex of Ammonium Caton} Group | Group Reagents ‘Name of the Precipitate ‘Name of the Cation (Identification Tests of cations) a) | Satesotuionai HCrisadaed | White ppt. PbCi, is not formed. | Lead (Pb) absent b)_ | Salt solution + iL HCT+ HS 22s passed Black ppt. Cu is not formed. | Copper (Cu) absent ©) | Salt solution + NHCIsalt + | White gelatinous ppt.AM(OH), is | Aluminium (AP) absent NH,OH solution is added | not formed. Dirty Green ppt. Fe (OH), is not | Ferrous (Fe') absent formed, ©) | Salt solution + NH,CIsalt+ | White ppt. ZnS is not formed, | Zine (Zn) absent NH,OH solution + H,S gas | Flesh colour ppt. Mn is not | Manganese (Mn*) absent passed formed. Black ppt. NiS is not formed. | Nickel (Ni?) absent 1) | Salt solution + NH,CIsalt+ | White ppt. CaCO, is not formed. | Calcium (Cat?) absent NH.OH solution +(NH,),CO, | White ppt. BaCO, is not formed. | Barium (Ba) absent solution is added White ppt. SrCO, is not formed. | Strontium (Sr*) absent 2) | Salt solution + NH,Crsal+ ] White ppt is not formed Magnesium (Mg~) NH,OH solution +{NH,)CO,+| absent Na,HPO, solution is added ViL{Confirmation Tests for Ammonium Action of Nessler’s reagent : To the sat solution Nesster’s | Reddish Brown colour ppt. is Ammonium (NH*,) reagent [K,Hgl,] is added formed (Iodide of Mitlion’s base) | _ cation is confirmed VIII. Report : The given Cation is :Ammonium (NH*,) The given Anion is: Acetate (CH,COO>) ‘The given salt is: Ammonium Acetate [NH (CH,COO)]PRPS _________________________practical Chemistry] s#0A{ SALT-5-Ammonium Carbonate Pe EE CRRA TREE? os a) Colour > White Cur, F ci? & Mr a Fame te Clean the platinum wire by Colour flame is sr’, appears. Now, prepare the paste of con.HCl + salt in ‘watch glass, then introduce this paste by platinum wire oop into the flame. 4) Action of heat A small quantity of salt is Colourtess gas with May be Ammonium, taken in a dry test tube and ammonia smell is evolved. | (NH’,) salt is present strongly heated, IL. (Identification of Anion 3 1a) Action of dil HCl : ‘A small quantity of sat is, Colour and smell less gas. | Carbonate (CO) ion taken in a dry test tube and (CO,) evolved with brisk | may be present GILHICL is added. effervescence. The gas puts off a burning splinter. It turns Lime water into milky m1 ‘Toa small amount of the salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few mi of distilled water and boil it for five minutes, Icis filtered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract. 1V. (Confirmation test for Carbonate ion : Action of BaCT, solution : ‘A small quantity of salt solution | White ppt. (BaCO,) is formed. | Carbonate (CO%,) ion is taken ina dry test tube and | Solubility : Above ppt. is soluble | is confirmed. BaCl, solution is added LHC V. Identification of | Preparation of original salt solution : Original salt solution can be prepared by dissolving excess amount of given salt in a suitable solvent,[Practical Chemistry J $$ rsrrrracren, VI-(Test for Ammonium (NIT) ion Reaction with NaOH ‘To the small quantity of satis | Colour less gas with pungent | Ammonium (NH*,) cation taken ina dry test tubea few | smell of ammonia (NH,) is may be present drops of NaOH solution is evolved and gives dense white added and heated strongly. fumes (NH,CD with glass rod when dipped in cone-HCL ‘Note If Ammonium cation is identified then write following table. Do confirmation test of Ammonium cation Group | Group Reagents Name of the Precipitate ‘Name of the Cation (Identification Tests of cations) a) | Satesotuion +i. HCris added | White ppt. PhCl, isnot formed. b) | Satt solution + iL HCI+ HS 22s passed Black ppt. CuS is not formed. | Copper (Cu) absent ©) | Salt solution + NH,CI salt+ | White gelatinous ppt.AOH), is | Aluminium (A/") absent NH,OH solution is added | not formed. Dirty Green ppt. Fe (OH), is not | Ferrous (Fe') absent formed. ©) | Salt solution + NH,CIsalt+ | White ppt. ZnS is not formed. — | Zine (Zn) absent NH,OH solution + H,S gas__| Flesh colour ppt. Ma is not | Manganese (Mn) absent passed formed. Black ppt. NiS is not formed. | Nickel (Ni*? absent 1) | Salt solution + NH,CIsalt+ | White ppt. CaCO, is not formed. | Calcium (Cat) absent NH,OH solution +(NH),CO, | White ppt. BaCO, is not formed. | Barium (Ba"®) absent solution is added White ppt. StCO, is not formed. | Strontium (Sr) absent 2) | Saltsolution + NHCIsalt-+ | White ppt. is not formed Magnesium (Mg) NHOH solution #NH)CO,+ absent Na,HPO, solution is added Tests for Ammo Action of Nessler’s reagent : To the salt solution Nesster’s | Reddish Brown colour ppt. is ‘Ammonium (NH*,) agent (K,Hel,] is added. formed (Iodide of Million’s base)| _ cation is confirmed Report : ‘The given Cation is : Ammonium (NH",) ‘The given Anion is : Carbonate (CO*,) ‘The given salt is: Ammonium Carbonate [ (NH,),CO,]PRPS _________________________practical Chemistry] ‘SALT-6-Ammonium Chloride fs Clean the platinum wire by Now, prepare the paste of ccon.HIC1 + salt in watch glass, then introduce this paste by 4) Action of heat : in a dry test tube and strongly heated. nL a) Action of dil.1CI A small quantity of sat is taken in a dry test tube and GLHCT is added, b) Action of Cone. H,S0,: A small quntity of salt is taken in a dry test tube and cone.H1,SO, are added dipping in con. HCI and heat it on flame upto no colour appears. platinum wire loop into the flame. A small quantity of salt is taken EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE 1. (Priliminary Tests 2) Colour : White Cue, Fe, Ni? & Mn Cations may be absent by State : Crystalline ©) Flame test Colour flame is not observed Colourless gas with ammonia smell is evolved and white No reaction Colour less gas (HCL with pungent stall is evolved and gives dense white fumes (NHC) with glass rod when dipped in NH,OH (on) Mn, Pb are absent May be Ammonium, (NH*,) salt is present. sublimate is formed Carbonate (CO*,) & Acetate (CH,COO? ions are absent Chloride (CI) ion may be present 1 (Preparation sodium carbonate extract ‘To a small amount of the salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few mi of distilled water and boil it for five minutes. Its filtered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract. IV. Confirmation test for Carbonate ion 3 ‘Action of MnO, & Cone-HSO,! To the small quantity of salt is taken in a test tube pinch of MnO, and Cone-H,SO, are added. b)Action of AgNO, solution : To the salt solution AgNO, solution is added. |Greenish yellow colour vapours (Ci,) with pungent smell are evolved White curdy ppt. of (ABC is 1 Above ppt. is |completely soluble in NH,OH Chloride (CP) ion is confirmed, Chloride (CP) ion is confirmed. BELLELQA $$ epPractical Chemistry} $$$ rrrrrcracrn, V. (Wentification of Cation 3 Preparation of original salt solution : Original salt solution can be prepared by dissolving excess amount of given salt in a suitable solvent. VI. (Test for Ammonium (NH ,)ion } ‘Reaction with NaOH : To the small quantity of salt is | Colour fess gas with pungent | Ammonium (NH*,) cation, taken ina dry test tube afew | smell of ammonia (NH,) is may be present drops of NaOH solution is evolved and gives dense white added and heated strongly. fumes (NHC) with glass rod when dipped in cone. HCl ‘Note: IF Ammonium caifon is identified then write following table, Do confirmation lest of Ammonium cation Group | Group Reagents ‘Name of the Precipitate ‘Name of the Cation {deniticaton Tests of cations) a) | Sattsotuion +i. HCrisadded | White ppt. PDCI, isnot formed. | Lead (Pb) absent b) | Salt solution + diL Cr+ H,S as passed Black ppt. CuS is not formed. | Copper (Cu) absent ©) | Salt solution + NH,CI salt + | White gelatinous ppt.AOH), is | Aluminium (A/") absent NH,OH solution is added | not formed. Dirty Green ppt. Fe (OH), is not | Ferrous (Fe'*) absent formed. ©) | Salt solution + NH,CIsatt-+ | White ppt. ZnS isnot formed. | Zine (Zn) absent NH.OH solution + H,$ gas | Flesh colour ppt. MnS isnot | Manganese (Mn) absent passed formed. Black ppt. NiS is not formed. | Nickel (Ni*?) absent 1) | Salt solution + NH,CI salt + | White ppt. CaCO, is not formed. | Calcium (Ca) absent NH,OH solution +(NH,),CO, | White ppt. BaCO, is not formed. | Barium (Ba) absent solution is added White ppt. SrCO, is not formed. | Strontium (Sr) absent 2) | Saltsolution + NH,C/ salt | White ppt. is not formed Magnesium (Mg”) NH,OH solution +(NH,)CO,+] absent Na,HPO, solution is added ‘VILConfirmation Tests for Ammonium Action of Nessler’s reagent : ‘To the salt solution Nessler’s | Reddish Brown colour ppt. is. Ammonium (NH*,) reagent (K,Hgl, is added, formed (lodide of Mitlion’s base) | cation is confirmed VEIL. Report: ‘The given Cation is : Ammonium (NH*,) ‘The given Anion is : Chloride (CL) ‘The given salt is: Ammonium Chloride [NH,CI] aN SO errr,PRPS _________________________practical Chemistry] #64 SALT-7-Ammonium Sulphate f\% ©) Flame test : Clean the platinum wire by dipping in con. HCI and heat it fon flame upto no colour appears. Now, prepare the paste of ccon.11C1 + salt in watch glass, then introduce this paste by platinum wire loop into the flame] 4) Action of heat : A small quantity of salt is taken in a dry test tube and strongly heated. IL (Identification of Anion a) Action of dil.HCI : A small quantity of salt is taken in a dry test tube and GiLHICL is added. b) Action of Cone. H,S0,: A small quntity of salt is taken ina dry test tube and Cone. H,SO, is added ©) Action of Cu turnings and Cone. H,S0,: To the small quantity of salt is taken in a test tube 1 or 2 pieces of Cu turnings and Cone.H,80, are added and then heated. 4) Action of BaCT, solution: To the salt solution BaCl, solution is added. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE, 1. (Priliminary Tests 2 a) Colour: White Cu, Fe, Ni? & Mn Cations may be absent b) State: Crystalline Colour flame is not observed Colourless gas with ammonia smell is evolved No reaction 4) Before heating no reaction,| ») After heating no reaction, No reaction White ppt. of (BaSO,) is formed, (or) Mn, Pb are absent May be Ammonium (NH*,) salt is present. Carbonate (CO) & Acetate (CH,COO>) ions are absent Chioride (Cl) &Bromide (Br) ion are absent Nitrate (NO, ion is absent. Nitrate (NO-,) ion is absent 111. (Preparation sodium carbonate extract: ‘To a small amount of the salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few ml of distilled water ‘and boil it for five minutes. Its filtered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract. BBLELQA $$$ 2IV. (Confirmation test for Sulphate ion 3 Practical Chemistry J $$$ rrrrcracrn, “Aetion of BaCT, Solution: To the salt solution BaCt White ppt. of (BaSO,) is formed solution is added. Solubility : Above ppt. is insoluble| confirmed. in Cone. HCL Sulphate (SO*) ion is V. (Identification of Cation 3 Preparation of original salt solution : Original salt solution can be amount of given salt in a suitable solvent prepared by dissolving excess VI. (Test for Ammonium (NH™,)ion 3) ‘Reaction with NaOH : To the small quantity of salt is | Colour less gas with pungent taken in adry test tube afew {smell of ammonia (NH,) is drops of NaOH solution is evolved and gives dense white ‘added and heated strongly. fumes (NH,CD) with glass rod \when dipped in cone.HCL Ammonium (NH",) cation may be present Note : If Ammonium cation is dentified then write following table. Do confirmation test of Ammonium cation (Group Group Reagents ‘Name of the Precipitate (Identification Tests of cations) ‘Name of the Cation fa) Saltsoluion + dit, HCrisaddea | White ppt. PBCI, is not formed. b) Salt solution + diLHCI-+ HS as passed Black ppt. CuS is not formed, ©) Salt solution + NH,CI salt + | White gelatinous ppt.A/OH), is, NH,OH solution is added | not formed. Ditty Green ppt. Fe (OH), is not formed. ©) Salt solution + NH,CIsalt + | White ppt. ZnS is not formed. NH,OH solution +H, gas | Flesh colour ppt. Mas is not passed formed, Black ppt. NiS is not formed. 1) Saltsolution + NH,CIsalt + | White ppt. CaCO, is not formed. NH,OH solution +(NH,,CO, | White ppt. BaCO, is not formed. solution is added White ppt. SrCO. not formed. ) Salt solution + NH,CIsalt+ | White ppt. is not formed, NH,OH solution +(NH,)CO,+| parole Sea VU. Goatenaton Teor Amon) ‘Aetion of Nessler’s reagent = Lead (Pb) absent Copper (Cu) absent Aluminium (AU) absent Ferrous (Fe) absent Zine (Zn) absent Manganese (Mn') absent Nickel (Ni*) absent Calcium (Ca) absent Barium (Ba™) absent Strontium (Sr) absent Magnesium (Mg”) absent ‘To the salt solution Nesslee's | Reddish Brown colour ppt. is. | Ammonium (NH*,) reagent [K,Hgl,] is added. formed (Iodide of Million’s base)| _ cation is confirmed VIL. Report ‘The given Cation is : Ammonium (NH",) ‘The given Anion is: Sulphate (SO, ) The given salt is: Ammonium Sulphate [(NH,)SO,] a—______ rrr,eT 0A SALT-10-Barium Chlorides ey [Practical Chemistry] EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE 1‘ a) Colour White Cue, Fe®, Ni & Mn Cations may be absent by State Crystalline ©) Flame test : Clean the platinum wire by | Grassy-green colour flame is Ba"? May be present dipping in eon, HCI and heat | observed. it on flame upto no colour appears. Now, prepare the paste of con-HCL + salt in watch glass, then introduce this paste by platinum wire Toop into the flame. 4) Action of heat : A small quantity of salt is taken | Water droplets are formed on the | May be Hydrated salt. in a dry test tube and strongly | inner wall of test tube. heated. IL. (Mentification of Anion = a) Action of di HCI ‘A small quntity of Salt is taken No reaction Carbonate (CO*,) & ina dry test tube and did. HCL Acetate (CH,COO) is added. ions are absent. b) Action of cone.H,SO,: ‘A small quantity of satis Colour less gas (ACD with | Chloride (CP) ion taken in a dry test tube and pungent smell is evolved and | may be present Cone.H,$0, is added (NEC) with glass rod when dipped in NH,OH. IIL (Preparation sodium carbonate extract} ‘Toa small amount of the salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few ml of distilled water and boil it for five minutes, It is filtered and the filtrate is known as Sodium carbonate extract. IV. (Confirmation test for Chloride ion ‘) Action of MnO, & Cone. H,SO, To the small quantity of satis | Greenish Yellow colour vapour (Cl) | Chloride (CP) ion taken in atest tube pinch of MnO, | with pungent smell are evolve. is confirmed. and Cone-H,SO are added b) Action of AgNO, solution : To The salt soluton AgNO, White curdy ppt. of (AgClis formed. | Chloride (CI) ion solution is added. Solubility: Above ppt is completely | is confirmed. soluble in NH,OH BLBLEQP_A 2pPractical Chemistry} $$$ rrrrrcracrn, V. (Identification of Cation Preparation of original salt solution : Original salt solution can be prepared by dissolving excess amount of given salt in a suitable solvent. ‘To the small quantity of slat is dil HCI solution is added. c) Test for 11 Group Cations: salt and NH,OH solution are eer pee a ©) Test for V Group Cations : Salt solution + NH,CI salt + NH,OH solution +(NH,),CO, solution is added £) Test for VI Group Cations : Salt solution + NH CI salt + NH,OH solution +(NH,),CO, + ‘Na, HPO, solution is added vu a) Action of K,C+O, solution + “othe salt coluticn potassium chromate solution (C0, is added ) Action of Ammonium oxalate soution: To the salt solution Ammonium oxalate solution is added, colour less gas (NH,) with pungent smell is not evolved. No ppt. is formed. [No ppt. is formed. No ppt. is formed. White ppt. Zn Flesh colour ppt. Mn is not formed. Black ppt. NiS is not formed. s not formed, White ppt. is formed White ppt. is not formed Yellow colour ppt. (BaCrO is formed which is soluble in dil. Acetic acid and soluble in dil HCI White colour ppt. (BaC.0,) is formed. Above ppt. is soluble inhot Acetic acid. Ammonium (NH*,) cation is absent. Lead (Pb* ) cation is absent Copper (Cu) cation is absent, ‘Aluminium (AL) cation absent Zine Zn") Manganese (Ma) absent Nickel (Ni) absent Calcium (Ca) Barium (Ba"?) ‘Strontium (Se) cations are present Magnesium (Mg) absent Barium (Ba) cation is confirmed, Barium (Bat?) cation is confirmed, IX. Report: ‘The given Cation is : Barium (Ba) ; The given Anion is : Chloride (Ch) Barium Chloride [BaCl,] ‘The given salt is a—____ oom i OO rrr,eT | SALT-17-Lead Nitrate ey [Practical Chemistry] ©) Flame test : Clean the platinum wire by dipping in eon. HCI and heat it on flame upto no colour appears. Now, prepare the paste of ‘con.HCI + salt in watch ‘glass, then introduce this paste by platinum wire loop into the flame. 4) Action of hea A small quantity of salt is taken in a dry test tube and strongly heated, IL, (Taentification of Anion a) Action of dil HCI: A small quantity of salt is taken in a dry test tube and, dil.HCLis. added. b) Action of Conc-H,SO,: A small quantity of salt is taken in a dry test tube and, cone.H,SO, is added, Action of C Cone.HSO,: To the small quantity of salt is taken ina test tube or? pieces of Cu turnings and cone.H,SO, are added ‘nd then heated: qurning and EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE, 1. (Pritiminary Tests + a) Colour White Cu, Fe, Ni? & Mav Cations may be absent by State Crystalline Dull blusish-white colour flame Cracking sound is observed. No reaction. a) Before heating no reaction. ») After heating reddish Brown vapours are evolved. Reddish Brown vapours of NO, are evolved and the solution turns pale blue Pb"? maybe present is observed May be Lead Salt is present Carbonate (CO*) & Acetate (CH,COO>) ions are absent. Chloride (CF) & Bromid (Bryions are absent Nitrate(NO,) ion may be present Nitrate (NO-,) ion is resent. IIL (Preparation sodium carbonate extract; ‘Toa small amount of the salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few ml of distilled water and boil it for five minutes. It is filtered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract.[Practical Chemistry 1V.{Confirmation test for Nitrate ion : I$ rrrrrcicrn, fa) Brown — Ring test : A small quantity of salt solution is taken in atest tube and same ‘amount of freshly prepared FeSO, solution is added, then few drops ‘of cone, H,SO,, is added by keeping the test tut inclined position Dark Brown Ring is formed in between the junction of two layers. (Niteoso ferrous sulphate) (FeS0,NO) Nitrate (NO-) ion is confirmed, pparation of original salt solution : Original salt solution can be prepared by dissolving excess amount of TE fit ttn oT) Pare epee aac nese ieetenet pee NHLOH solnvon 489,00, —— ‘colour less gas (NHL) with pungent smell is not evolved. White ppt is formed. No ppt. is formed, [No pp. is forme White ppt. Zn is not formed, Flesh colour ppt. Mn is not formed. Black ppt. Nis is not formed. White ppt. CaCO, is not formed, ‘White ppt. BC! is not Formed, White ppt. S1C, isnot formed. White ppt is not formed Yellow colour ppt. (PLCrO,) is Formed. Which dissolves in \NaOH solution AA Yellow colour ppt. is formed Which is disolved in hot water and cooled. Golden yellow spangles are formed ‘Ammonium (NH) cation is absent. Lead (Pb*) cation is present, Copper (Cu) cationdil is absent Aluminium (AP) cation is absent. Manganese (Mn) Nickel (Ni) absent Calcium (Car® absent Barium (Ba) absent ‘Strontium (Sr) absent Magnesium (Mg) absent Lead (Pb") cation Lead (Pb") cation is confirmed, IX. Report : ‘The given Cation is : Lead (Pb’ ‘The given saltis : Lead Nite + The given Anion is: Nitrate (NO>) ate [Pb(NO,).1 a rrr,eT #24 SALT-19 - Magnesium Sulphate ew [Practical Chemistry] Clean he platoun wir by lps in com HCY anata on ame up nocolour apes Now prea pte f Sonya in watch fishes is fase by atu wie Fopinae Name ‘d)Action of heat A small quantity of salt is ten in ry teste and sonal heat . a) Action of dil HCI: Asal quan of sats taken in dry et be and di MCs ate. b) Action of Cone.H1,SO, A small quantity of salt is taken in ry test ube and conc, S0, aed ©) Action of Cu-turnings and Cone 1.50; Tothe shal quanti of Vor pees of Curing andcone $0 ae aed ander ted 4) Action of Ba, soation: Tote si saaton Bact, Slaton sae ‘EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE 1. (Priliminary Tes a) Colour White (Cu, Fe, Ni? & Mn? Cations may be absent by State Crystalline ©) Flame test Colour flame is not observed Water droplets are formed on the inner walls of test tube. No reaction. ) Before heating no reaction. b) After heating no reaetion No reaction White ppt. (BaSO,) is formed. Cae, Sr, Ba, Cu®, Zn (01) Mn", Pb? are absent. May be Hydrated salt Carbonate (CO) & Acetate (CH,COO) ions are absent. Chloride (Cl) & bromide (Br) Nitrate (NO-) ion is absent Nitrate (NO*,) ion is absent Sulphate (SO, ion is present, IIL. (Preparation sodium carbonate extract = ‘To a small amount of the salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few mi of distilled water and boil it for five minutes. Its filtered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract. BBL ee[Practical Chemistry IV.Confirmation test for Sulphate ion ‘Action of BaCl, solution : To the salt solution BaCt, solution is added. V. (dentification of Cation White ppt. of (BaSO,) is formed, Solubility: Above ppt. is insoluble in cone.HCl. I$ rrr, Sulphate (SO*,) ion is confirmed. Preparation of original salt solution : Original salt solution can be prepared by dissolving excess amount of given salt in a suitable solvent. VI. (Test for Ammonium (NIT) ion ee Sees iaeanonsetae Vu, Grou Separaton Table} Tati Gro Cro eee ee paces eci nS pots pa To the salt solution NH,CI sate ¢) Test for V Group Cations: Salt solution + NH,CI salt + NH,OH solution +(NH),CO, solution is added f) Test for VI Group Cations : Salt solution + NH,CI salt + NH,OH solution +(NH,),CO,+ Na,HPO, solution is added (Confirmation Tests for Magnesium a) Action of NaOH solution To the salt solution NaOH solution is added vin b) To the salt solution Na,CO, solution is added colour less gas (NH,) with pungent smell is not evolved. No ppt. is formed. No ppt. is formed, No ppt. is formed. White ppt. ZnS is not formed. Flesh colour ppt. Mns isnot formed. Black ppt. Nis is not formed. White ppt. CaCO, is not formed. White ppt. BaCO, is not formed White ppt. SrCO, is not formed, White ppt. is formed white ppt. is formed. Which is insoluble in excess of NaOH. White ppt. is forme. Ammonium (NH*) cation is absent Lead (Pb* ) cation is absent. Copper (Cu) cation is absent. Aluminium (AP) cation is absent Zine (Zn) absent Manganese (Mn) absent Nickel (Ni) absent Calcium (Ca*)absent Barium (Ba™) absent Strontium (Sr) absent Magnesium (Mg) cation is present Magnesium (Mg*) cation is confirmed Magnesium (Mg) cation is confirmed. TX. Repor ‘The given Cation is : Magnesium (Mg ‘The given Anion is : Sulphate (SO) “The given saltis %) Magnesium Sulphate [MgSO,] a—_ SS OO rrr,PRPS _________________________practical Chemistry] #6 SALT-23 -Strontium Chloride EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION 1. (Priliminary Tests a) Colour : White Cations may be absent b) State : Ceystalline ©) Flame test: Clean the platinum wire by | Crimson red colourflame is | Sr? may be present dipping in con. HCI and | observed baninén mc upon aoe the pave of ema st iret gat eeniaaes caren aimee d) Action of heat Zemallqatany ora | waer ciples teamed cote | way Sia Mi esata ta 1 a) Action of dil HCI A small quantity of a salt | No reaction Carbonate (CO) & is taken ina dry test tube Acetate (CH,COO*) ion: and dil.HCT is added. ions are absent ) Action of Cone.H,SO,: A small quantity of salt is | Colour less gas (HCD) with Chloride (CE) ion taken in adry test tube and} pungent smell is evolved and may be present. ConedH1,SO, is added, gives dense white fume (NH,C/) With glass rod when dipped in NHOH. 111. (Preparation sodium carbonate extract ) To a small amount of the salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few mi of distilled water and boil it for five minutes. Ls filtered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract IV. (Confirmation test for Chloride ion 3 la) Action of MnO, & Cone. H,SO, To the small quantity of saltis "| Greenish yellow colour Chloride (CP) ion is taken in atest tube pinch of MnO, | vapours (C1) with pungent confirmed and Cone. H,SO, are added. smell are evolved lb) Action of AgNO, sotutic To the salt solution AgNO, white curdy ppt. of (AxCl) is formed.) Chloride (CP) ion solution is added. Solubility: Above ppt. is is confirmed completely soluble in NH,OH . ([dentification of Preparation of original salt solution : Original salt solution can be prepared by dissolving excess amount of given salt in a suitable solvent BPLELPQA $$ _ apPractical Chemistry} $$$ rrrrrcracrn, VI (Fest for Ammonium (NH) ion ‘Reaction with NaOH : To the small colour less gas (NH,) with Ammonium (NH*) {quantity of saltis taken ina dry test pungent smell is not evolved. cation is absent. tube few drops of NAOH solution is added and heated strongly. VIL Group Separation Table 3 a) Test for I Group Cations : To the salt solution a few drops of | No ppt. is formed. Lead (Pb'? ) cation is dil HCI solution is added. absent. b) Test for Il Group Cation ‘To the salt solution a few drops of | No ppt. is formed. Copper (Cu?) cation il HCL solution is added and is absent HS gas is passed. ©) Test for 111 Group Cations: ‘To the salt solution NHC No ppt. is formed. Aluminium (Al) stand NHOM soi are cation ssh used 4) Tt for TV Gromp Cations Salt solution + NH,CI salt + White ppt. ZnS is not formed. Zine (Zn"*) absent Hoff sou + 11,9 as pam | Re otter pn Mase eal agua ae Black ppt. Nis is not formed. Nickel (Ni*) absent 6) Test for V Group Cations Salt solution + NH,CI salt + Calcium (Ca?) ‘NH,OH solution +(NH,).CO, Barium (Ba) sotion aed Whit pis formed ook £) st for VIG Catone Salt solution + NH,CI salt + White ppt. is not formed Magnesium (Mg*?) NiLoH soon oNH,C0,¢ oe NaliPO, solo ade vin Action af K C30 lao To the salt solution sodium Yellow ppt. (SrCrO,) is formed. Strontium (Sr) Potassium chromate solution. It is soluble in acetic acid. is confirmed. (C10) isaddea NaOH solion ‘b) Action of Ammonium Sulphate solution: Tone si ston White pps formed Sontiam aon ee ae in et colon dle. senate Highly soluble weaaer IX) Report: The given Cation is: Strontium (Sr) ‘The given anion is : Chloride (C1+) ‘The given salt: Strontium chloride [SeC1,] aga errr,PRPS _________________________practical Chemistry] #4 SALT-24-Zinc Sulphate _ i Clean the platinum wire by dipping in con. HCL and heat it on flame upto no colour appears. Now, prepare the paste of con.FIC1 + salt in watch glass, then introduce this paste by platinum wire loop into the flame. 4) Action of heat : A small quantity of salt is, taken ina dry test tube and strongly heated. 11. Caen mn of Anion, a) Action of dil HC ‘A small quantity of salt is taken in a dry test tube and dil. HICL is added. b) Action of Cone.H,SO,: A small quantity of sat is, taken in a dry test tube and ConecH1,SO, are added. ©) Action of Cu turnings and Cone. SO, : To the small quantity of salt is then taken in a test tube 1 or 2 pieces of Cu turnings and Conc.H,SO, are added and then heated 4) Action of BaCl, solution = To the salt solution BaC!, olution is added. Green flashes colour flame is, observed, ‘Water droplets are formed on the inner walls of test tube. No reaction a) Before heating mo reaction ») After heating no reaction No reaction White ppt. of (BaSO,) is formed. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE a) Colour + White Cut, Fe, Nir? & Mn Cations may be absent b) State: Crystalline ©) Flame test : Za°* or Mn® may be present May be Hydrated salt Carbonate (COA) & Acetate (CH,COO>) ions are absent. Chloride (Cr) & Bromide (Br ions are absent. Nitrate (NO-,) ion is absent. Nitrate (NO-) ion is absent} Sulphate (SO*, ion is present IIL. (Preparation sodium carbonate extract: ‘To a small amount of the salt, add twice the amount of sodium carbonate, a few ml of distilled water nd boil it for five minutes. Its filtered and the filtrate is known as sodium carbonate extract. BLLEQPQA $$ ap[Practical Chemistry J $$ rrrrrcrcrn, 1V. (Confirmation test for Sulphate ion 3 ‘Action of BaCl, soution = To the salt solution BaCl, White ppt. of (BaSO, is, Sulphate (SO*,) ion is solution is added. formed. confirmed. Solubility : Above ppt. is insoluble in Cone. HCL TV. (Test for Ammonium (NH) ion 3 Reaction with NaOH : To the siall | colour les gas (NH,) with ‘Ammonium (NET) quantity of satis taken ina dry test_| pungent smell is not evolved. | cation is absent. tube few drops of NaOH solution is, added and heated strongh vr. a) Test for I Group Cations To the salt solution a few drops of | No ppt. is formed. Lead (Pb*®) cation is dil HCI solution is added. absent. b) Test for II Group Cations : To the salt solution a few drops of | No ppt. is formed. Copper (Cu*) cation dil HCT solution is added and is absent HS gas is passed, ©) Test for 111 Group Cations: To the salt solution NHC No ppt. is formed ‘Aluminium (A) salt and NH,OH solution are cation is absent added. 4) Test for IV Group Cation Salt solution + NH,Cl salt + White ppt. Zns is formed. Zine (Zn) cation NH,OH solution +H, gas passed is present ©) Test for V Group Cations: Salt solution + NH,CI salt + White ppt. CaCO, is not formed. | Calcium (Cat?) absen NH,OH solution +(NH,).CO, White ppt. BaCO, is not formed. | Barium (Ba) absent solution is added White ppt. SrCO, is not formed. | Strontium (Se) absent 1) Test for VI Group Cations : Salt solution + NH,CI salt + White ppt. is not formed Magnesium (Mg"*) NH,OH solution +(NH,).CO, + absent ‘Na, HPO, solution is added )¥1. nemo Fess for Zine) a) Action of NaOH solution : To the salt solution sodium White ppt. Zn (OH), is formed. | Zinc (Zn) cation is Hydroxide solution (NaOH) Above ppt. is soluble in excess of | confirmed is added. NaOH solution. ) Action of NH,OH solution: To the salt solution NHOH White Gelatinous ppt. is Zine(Zn") cation is solution is added. formed Above ppt. is soluble in | _is confirmed, excess of NH,OH solution VII. Report : ‘The given Cation is: Zine (Zo) ‘The given anion is : Sulphate (SO*,) ‘The given salt: Zine sulphate [ZnSO,] ag—______cm io A@©_@ errr,