ASSIGNMENT 1

CHM502

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy is an instrumental analysis technique for rapid

trace metal analysis. It is based on element specific wavelength light absorption
by ground state atoms in the flame or electro thermal graphite furnace.

Mining and Geology – The elemental composition of minerals and rocks

provide valuable information on the commercial feasibility of conducting
mining activities in areas explored.
Environmental Monitoring – Environmental monitoring for trace metal
contamination of industrial effluents, oceans, rivers and lakes is important
for establishing the safety of water for drinking and commercial use.
Materials Development – Common properties of materials such as
hardness, brittleness, grain size, crystallinity and amorphous nature are
significantly influenced by composition and trace metals.

The monochromator is included as an important device of the optical

system of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The function of this
device in atomic absorption is to separate the spectral line of interest from
others spectral lines with different wavelengths emitted by the hollow-
cathode lamp. The desired spectral line is chosen with the preferred
wavelength and bandwidth by an appropriate monochromatic setting
named grating. A grating is a reflective surface, scored either mechanically
or holographic ally with parallel grooves that can be designed for different
wavelength regions. Generally, most of the instruments are equipped with
two gratings with the goal to cover a wavelength range from 189 to 851 nm
which is used in atomic absorption.