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History of Judaism
Judaism is among the smaller religions in the world, with only 14 million followers as of 2012. It
is the second-oldest religion which is still practiced widely. It is not known exactly what single
person founded Judaism, as the religion started around 1500 BC, when written records were
sparse.
Judaism is possibly the oldest monotheistic religion, or a religion which believes there is only
one god. The founding lore of Judaism states that God made a covenant, or pact, with
Abraham, a nomad leader, that he would be the father of a great nation if he followed God's will.
The Jewish holy book, the Torah, tells about this, and about several other foundational events,
such as the Jewish peoples' slavery in Egypt, and how Moses, acting under God's direction, led
them out of slavery to the promised land.
Around 1000 BC, the Jews settled down, formed a monarchy, moved their capital to the city of
Jerusalem, and had a brief period of peace. After the death of King Solomon, famous for his
wealth and wisdom, the Jewish people faced a series of cataclysms which resulted in many
being exiled from their homeland. This has come to be known as the diaspora. After the fall of
Rome, the Jewish people spread all over the world. Some remained in Babylon, where they
established centers of learning. Some went to Europe, where they faced varying degrees of
friendliness depending on the country. Jews were often the money-lenders in medieval society,
and were unpopular as a result. Many countries, like France or England, persecuted Jews, but a
few, like Muslim Spain in the years 700-1000, were particularly friendly. In the early modern
period, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was also very tolerant of Jews. Unfortunately, this
led to one of the greatest atrocities in human history, which was centered around Jews-the
Holocaust. When World War II began, Hitler invaded Poland, where millions of Jews were living
due to the historical tolerance they had in the country. Hitler, who wanted to exterminate the
Jews completely, set up death camps all over the Polish countryside, where he would bring
Jews and murder them in huge numbers. This is known as the Holocaust. Over six million Jews
died as a result.
After WWII, many Jews began to return to Israel, which was a colony of Great Britain at the
time. Britain granted independence to Israel in 1948. The Jewish nation fought a series of wars
against its Muslim neighbors for the next sixty years, and continues to be a turbulent place.
BOSTON INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
NIT 900.258.868-9. RESOLUCIÓN 04613 DE 2010 CÓD: DC 25- 04- F - 01
PROCESO: DISEÑO CURRICULAR Versión 02: Agosto
ACTIVIDAD: STEP 5 SOCIAL STUDIES Worksheets 2020
4th Term 2022 Página 3 de
21) Which of the following defines B: Another word for the diaspora
monotheism? C: A period of turmoil in 1000 BC
D: The Roman conquest of Israel
A: The belief in many gods
B: The belief in one god 25) Which of the following years did
C: The belief in no gods Israel gain its independence?
D: None of the above A: 1947
B: 1948
C: 1949
D: 1950
23) Which of the following is the name of
Jewish holy book?
A: The Bible
B: The Quran
C: The Torah
D: The Rashidun
F. INSTRUCTION: Write the correct word according to the pictures: Israel flag – Modern
Israel – Tribes – Gladiator.
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4th term Performance Grade_____