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University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

Lesson:2
A Brief History of Social Media
Social Networks

Do the names Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter ring a bell? They probably do because they are
some of the most popular sites on the internet today. They're called social networking sites
because they allow people to interact by sharing news and personal information, photos,
videos, as well as communicate through chatting or messaging one another.

There are hundreds, if not thousands of social networking sites on the internet. Facebook is
the most popular, with about a billion people using it every day. Twitter, a microblogging site
that limits "tweets" (short text posts) to 280 characters, is also very popular (President Donald
Trump is especially fond of Twitter and tweets multiple times daily). Other popular sites
include Instagram, where people share photos and videos they've taken; Snapchat, a mobile-
only messaging app; Pinterest, which is like a giant online scrapbook; and YouTube, the mega-
video site.

The common thread between all of these social networks is that they provide a place for
people to interact, share content and ideas, and stay in touch with one another.

The Birth of Social Media

The first social networking site, Six Degrees, launched in May 1997. Like Facebook today, users
could create profiles and connect with friends. But in an era of dial-up internet connections
and limited bandwidth, Six Degrees had only limited impact online. In the late '90s, most
people didn't use the web to interact with other people. They just browse' the sites and took
advantage of the information or resources provided.

Of course, some people did create their own sites to share personal information or show off
their skills. However, creating a site was difficult; you needed to know basic HTML coding. It
certainly wasn't something most people wanted to do as it could take hours to get a basic
page just right. That began to change with the emergence of LiveJournal and Blogger in 1999.
Sites like these, first called "weblogs" (later shortened to blogs), allowed people to create and
share journals online.

Friendster and MySpace

In 2002 a site named Friendster took the internet by storm. It was the first true social
networking site, where people could post personal information, create profiles, connect with

1
University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

friends, and find others with similar interests. It even became a popular dating site for many
users. The following year, MySpace debuted. It incorporated many of the same features as
Facebook and was especially popular with bands and musicians, who could share their music
with others for free. Adele and Skrillex are just two musicians who owe their fame to
MySpace.

Soon everyone was trying to develop a social networking site. The sites didn't provide
prepackaged content to people, the way a news or entertainment site might. Instead, these
social media sites helped people create, communicate and share what they loved including
music, images, and videos. The key to the success of these sites is that they provide a platform
on which users create their own content.

YouTube, Facebook, and Beyond

As internet connections became faster and computers more powerful, social media became
more popular. Facebook was launched in 2004, first as a social networking site for college
students. YouTube launched the following year, allowing people to post videos they made or
found online. Twitter launched in 2006. The appeal wasn't just being able to connect and
share with others; there was also a chance you could become famous. (Justin Bieber,
whobegan posting videos of his performances in 2007 when he was 12, was one of YouTube's
first stars).

The debut of Apple's iPhone in 2007 ushered in the era of the smartphone. Now, people could
take their social networking with them wherever they went, accessing their favorite sites at
the tap of an app. Over the next decade, a whole new generation of social networking sites
designed to take advantage of the smartphone's multimedia capabilities emerged. Instagram
and Pinterest began in 2010, Snapchat and WeChat in 2011, Telegram in 2013. All of these
companies rely on the desire of users to communicate with each other, thereby creating the
content that others want to consume.

Key Vocabulary

Now that you know a little about the history of social media, it's time to test your knowledge.
Look at this list of words used in the essay and define each of them. When you're finished, use
a dictionary to check your answers.

social network internet

to ring a bell multimedia
site smartphone
to interact app
content web

2
University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

to contribute to comment on
to browse a site to take by storm
to create the rest was history
code / coding platform
blog to consume
to post

3
University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

Lesson:3
Job Interview Questions and Answers
Opening Questions
When you walk in the room the very first impression you make on the
interviewer is key. It is important that you introduce yourself, shake hands, and
be friendly. To begin the interview, it's common to engage in some small talk:

• How are youtoday?

• Did you have any trouble finding us?
• What do you think of the weather lately?

Take advantage of these questions to help you relax:

Human resources director: How are you today?

Interviewee: I'm fine. Thank you for asking me in today.
Human resources director: My pleasure. How's the weather outside?
Interviewee: It's raining, but I brought my umbrella.
Human resources director: Good thinking!

As this example dialog shows, it's important to keep your answers short and to
the point. These type of questions are known as ice-breakers because they will
help you relax.

Strengths and Weaknesses

You can expect to be asked about your strengths and weaknesses during a job
interview. It's a good idea to use strong adjectives to make a good
impression. Use these adjectives to describe yourself by talking about your
strengths.

• accurate - I'm an accurate bookkeeper.

• active - I'm active in two volunteer groups.
• adaptable - I'm quite adaptable and happy to work in teams or on my
own.
1
University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

• adept - I'm adept at identifying customer service issues.

• broad-minded - I'm proud of my broad-minded approach to problems.
• competent - I'm a competent office suite user.
• conscientious - I'm efficient and conscientious about paying attention to
detail.
• creative - I'm quite creative and have come up with a number of
marketing campaigns.
• dependable - I'd describe myself as a dependable team player.
• determined - I'm a determined problem solver who won't rest until we've
come up with a solution.
• diplomatic - I've been called in to mediate as I'm quite diplomatic.
• efficient - I always take the most efficient approach possible.
• enthusiastic - I'm an enthusiastic team player.
• experienced - I'm an experienced C++ programmer.
• fair - I have a fair understanding of programming languages.
• firm - I have a firm grasp on the complexities facing us.
• innovative - I've often been complimented on my innovative approach to
shipping challenges.
• logical - I'm quite logical by nature.
• loyal - You'll find that I'm a loyal employee.
• mature - I have a mature understanding of the market.
• motivated - I'm motivated by people who love to get things done.
• objective - I've often been asked for my objective views.
• outgoing - People say I'm an outgoing person who's very personable.
• personable - My personable nature helps me get along with everyone.
• positive - I take a positive approach to problem-solving.
• practical - I always look for the most practical solution.
• productive - I pride myself on how productive I am.
• reliable - You'll find that I'm a reliable team player.
• resourceful - You might be surprised by how resourceful I can be.
• self-disciplined - I've often been complimented on how self-disciplined I
remain in difficult situations.
• sensitive - I do my best to be sensitive to others' needs.
• trustworthy - I was so trustworthy that I was asked to deposit company
funds.

2
University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

Make sure to always have an example ready as an interviewer might like more
details:

Human resources director: What do you consider your greatest strengths?

Interviewee: I'm a determined problem solver. In fact, you might call me a
trouble-shooter.
Human resources director: Could you give me an example?
Interviewee: Certainly. A few years ago, we were experiencing difficulties with
our customer database. Tech-support was having difficulties finding the
problem, so I took it upon myself to dig into the problem. After two days of
brushing up on some basic programming skills, I was able to identify the
problem and resolve the issue.

When asked to describe your weaknesses, a good strategy is to select

weaknesses that you can overcome by a specific action. Once you've described
your weakness, state how you plan to overcome this weakness. This will
demonstrate self-awareness and motivation.

Human resources director: Could you tell me about your weaknesses?

Interviewee: Well, I'm a little shy when first meeting people. Of course, as a
salesperson, I've had to overcome this problem. At work, I make an effort to be
the first person to greet new customers to the store despite my shyness.

Speaking About Experience, Responsibilities

Making a good impression when speaking about your past work experience is
the most important part of any job interview. Use these verbs to specifically
describe responsibilities at work. As with speaking about your greatest
strengths, you'll need to have specific examples ready when asked for further
details.

• act - I've acted in a number of roles in my current position.

• accomplish - It took only three months to accomplish all our goals.
• adapt - I can to adapt to any circumstance.
• administer - I've administered accounts for a wide range of clients.
• advise - I've advised management on a wide range of issues.
• allocate - I allocated resources across three branches.
3
University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

• analyze - I spent three months analyzing our strengths and weaknesses.

• arbitrate - I've been asked to arbitrate between colleagues on a number
of occasions.
• arrange - I've arranged shipments to four continents.
• assist - I've assisted management on a wide range of issues.
• attain - I attained the highest levels of certification.
• built - I built out two new branches for my company.
• carry out - I was responsible for carrying out management's decision.
• collaborate - I've collaborated with a wide range of clients.
• conceive - I helped conceive of a new marketing approach.
• conduct - I conducted four marketing surveys.
• consult - I've consulted on a wide range of projects.
• contract - I've contracted with third parties for our company.
• cooperate - I'm a team player and love to cooperate.
• coordinate - As project manager, I've coordinated major projects.
• delegate - I delegated responsibilities as supervisor.
• develop - We developed more than twenty applications.
• direct - I directed our last marketing campaign.
• document - I documented workflow processes.
• edit - I edited the company newsletter.
• encourage - I encouraged coworkers to think outside the box.
• engineer - I helped engineer a wide range of products.
• evaluate - I evaluated sales operations throughout the country.
• facilitate - I facilitated communications between departments.
• finalize - I finalized quarterly sales reports.
• formulate - I helped formulate a new market approach.
• handle - I handled foreign accounts in three languages.
• head - I headed the R&D department for three years.
• identify - I identified production issues to streamline development.
• implement - I implemented a number of software rollouts.
• initiate - I initiated discussions with personnel to improve
communications.
• inspect - I inspected new equipment as part of quality control measures.
• install - I've installed more than two hundred air conditioners.
• interpreted - I interpreted for our sales department when necessary.
• introduce - I introduced a number of innovations.
4
University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

• lead - I led the regional sales team.

• manage - I managed a team of ten for the past two years.
• operate - I've operated heavy equipment for more than five years.
• organize - I helped organize events at four locations.
• presented - I presented at four conferences.
• provide - I provided feedback to management on a regular basis.
• recommend - I recommended changes to help improve workflow.
• recruit - I recruited employees from local community colleges.
• redesign - I redesigned our company database.
• review - I reviewed company policies on a regular basis.
• revise - I revised and improved plans for company expansion.
• supervise - I've supervised project development teams on a number of
occasions.
• train - I've trained new employees.

Human resources director: Let's talk about your work experience. Could you
describe your current responsibilities?
Interviewee: I've taken on a number of roles in my current position. I
collaborate with consultants on an ongoing basis, as well as evaluate the job
performance of my team members. I also handle foreign correspondence in
French and German.
Human resources director: Could you give me some more details about job
evaluation?
Interviewee: Certainly. We focus on project-based assignments. At the end of
each project, I use a rubric to evaluate individual team members on key metrics
for the project. My evaluation is then used as reference for future assignments.

Your Turn to Ask Questions

Towards the end of the interview, it's common for the interviewer to ask you if
you have any questions about the company. Make sure to do your homework
and prepare for these questions. It's important to ask questions that show your
understanding of the business rather than just simple facts about the company.
Questions youmightaskcouldinclude:

5
University of M’sila 2019/2020 Mr. DELHOUM

• Questions about business decisions such as why a company decided to

expand into a specific market.
• Questions that show off your intimate understanding of the type of
business.
• Questions about current projects, clients and products that go beyond
information you might find on the company's website.

Make sure to avoid any question about workplace benefits. These questions
should be asked only after a job offer has been made.

Choose Your Verb Tenses Well

Here are some tips on verb tense usage during the interview. Remember that
your education took place in the past. When describing your education use the
past simple tense:

• I attended the University of M’silafrom 2017 to 2020.I graduated with a

degree in management science.
• If you are currently a student, use the present continuous tense:
• I am currently studying at the University of M’sila and will graduate with a
degree in Public Relation in the summer of 2021.
- I am studying journalism at M’sila College.

When talking about current employment be careful to use the present

perfect or present perfect continuous. This signals that you are still performing
these tasks at your current job:

• Hondna company has employed me for the last three years.I have
been developing intuitive software solutions for more than ten years.
• When talking about past employers use past tenses to signal that you are
no longer working for that company:
• I was employed by Jackson's from 2010to 2015 as a clerk.
I worked as a receptionist at the Hodna while I was living in M’sila.

6
Tips for Students to Improve Communication
MBA Aspirant needs to master his communication skills to perform exceptionally well in MBA from a
reputed Business school and prove his mettle while studying as well as in the corporate world. He
should definitely have an edge over the other candidates, if he has excellent and impressive
communication skills.

Let us go through some handy tips to improve the communication skills:

 Read a lot. Reading is the key to an effective communication. Pick up any magazine, journal,
novel or for that matter the daily newspaper and do make it a habit to read it aloud. It has
generally been observed that when an individual speaks, he falls short of words. The words
are somewhere hidden in his brain and refuse to come out. When you read aloud, after
sometime, words automatically fall into your mouth and thus improve the communication skills.
If you come across any new word, do check out its meaning and try to add it in your speech
the next time you speak. Reading also enhances your general knowledge and makes you
aware of what is happening around you. Read anything which interests you.
 Who says Television is an Idiot Box ? One can gain a lot while watching Television. If
you are watching any talk show or interview of any great personality don’t just stare at the
pictures, try to follow the way participants interact with each other, carefully observe their
accent and also learn new words from them. It is okay to watch movies sometimes but not
always, an MBA Aspirant must watch some educative channels to improve their general
knowledge as well as communication skills. Remember there is no end to learning. An
individual can learn new things at any age. While interacting with anyone, if you come across
any unknown word, do not feel shy or hesitate to find out its meaning. No one will make fun of
you, instead would appreciate you for your initiative to learn more.
 A child has to first learn alphabets to be able to make new words. In the same way, for an
effective communication one should be very clear with the basic concepts of communication.
Learn tenses, homophones, homographs, heterographs, vowels, consonants, verbs,
phonetics as they are the stepping stones to an effective communication. Ignoring the above
things will never let you communicate correctly and effectively. Always adopt a step by step
approach.
 Be patient. Don’t be in a hurry to hone your communication skills in a day or so. There is no
medicine or any magic stick which can improve your communication skills in a day. You have
to be patient and give yourself time. Never feel dejected if others speak better English than
you, instead learn from them and seek their guidance. It is rightly said” Practice makes a man
perfect”. Practice a lot. Whatever language you want to master on, try to interact in the same
language with your friends and family for the perfect flow of words. Never feel embarrassed if
you are wrong, learn from your mistakes. Stand in front of the mirror and speak to yourself.
Ask yourself questions and answer them. Be your own critic. It works.
 One has to be very confident and must adopt the right attitude. Nothing is possible if you
don’t have the right approach and attitude. Motivate yourself to communicate effectively.
Whenever you learn a new word, treat yourself with a chocolate.
 Your thoughts ought to be very clear for an effective communication. Haphazard and
unorganized thoughts lead to an ineffective communication. Be very clear what you intend to
communicate. Don’t just speak for the sake of speaking. Carefully select sensible and relevant
words to put your thoughts into a content to be shared with others. Don’t keep half of your
words in mouth, speak properly and clearly. You yourself have to be very clear with your
thoughts for others to understand it well. Design your content by keeping the audiences in
mind and don’t make it complicated. Keep it simple.
 Be a patient listener. An individual cannot be a good communicator, unless and until he is a
good listener. Never interrupt any speaker in between The other individual might not be as
learned as you, but you should always respect his opinions. Even if the other person is wrong,
don’t criticize him; instead wait for your turn to speak. Always listen to the other side of the
story and then only give your expert comments.
 An MBA student throughout his two years of academics has to do exceptionally well in
presentations and seminars. You just can’t escape them. One has to be a very good speaker
to fair well in presentations and stand apart from the crowd. Never ever panic and do create a
friendly ambience while delivering a presentation.One has to understand the importance of
non verbal communication as well. Keep a control on your hands and emotions while
 speaking. Don’t play with your pen or handkerchief and never smile unnecessarily. Don’t start
sweating in between presentations. The audience will never bite you, so please do make an
eye contact with them. Do not forget to greet them well with a warm smile.

MBA doesn’t only mean learning the four P’s of marketing or cramming Philip Kotler. It’s much
more than that. One needs to be an extrovert and must know how to brand oneself. You must
know how to position yourself in the market place and impress others. Be very careful about
your pitch and tone. Never murmur while speaking. Don’t speak too slowly or never be in a
hurry to speak. Speak loudly and clearly so that you are audible to one and all. No one will
notice you if your tone and pitch is not clear and you will be lost in the crowd.

One might be good in academics, might be very intelligent, but to carve a niche in today’s competitive
world, one has to be an exceptionally good communicator. Impressive communication skills coupled
with your MBA will definitely take you to the pinnacle of success. Always remember confidence, clarity
in thoughts, practice, good listening as well as reading skills are the main ingredients of good
communication skills. One has to take good care of all the above to emerge as a winner and rule the
world.