chapter 3:

Sculptures
REPORT MADE BY:

ASHLEY NICOLE DOMINGUEZ

ANGEL GARCIA
ARIS LLANES QUINTO
Definition:
It is the art of carving or
otherwise forming a three (3)
dimensional art.
Latin word "sculpere" means
'to carve'.
 Sculptures are classified into two:

ROUND SCULPTURE.
Also called free-standing sculpture; a round
sculpture or sculpture in the round stands on its
own and is capable of being viewed at all sides.

 Sculptures are classified into two:

RELIEF SCULPTURE.
a relief sculpture does not stand on its own
because it is attached. It is either a high relief or
a low relief.

RELIEF SCULPTURE.
High Relief:
a relief sculpture that is almost the same as a
free-standing sculpture but differs from the latter
because it is attached so that the back part
cannon be seen by an onlooker.
RELIEF SCULPTURE.
Low or Bas Relief:
a relief sculpture that is almost the same as a
painting because it is somewhat flat and attached
to a surface but differs from the latter because it
has volume and the medium used varies from the
mediums used in painting.
 Sculptures are either static or mobile. relief
sculptures are permanently attached to surfaces;
thus, they are static or incapable of moving.
Some round sculptures, however, are capable of
locomotion, therefore, are mobile.
 mediums.
ADDITIVE Sculpture:
the sculptor simply puts together the
materials to come up with the desired figure.
 mediums.
SUBTRACTIVE Sculpture:
the sculptor removes the unnecessary parts
of the medium he uses to form the desired
figure.
 SUBJECTS.
PEOPLE:
Important people like heroes, saints, etc.
 SUBJECTS.
ANIMALS AND PLANTS:
sculptor's favorite subjects.
 SUBJECTS.
PLACES:
sculpture of places is rare.
 SUBJECTS.
EVENTS:
historical, biblical, and other events are
worthy to become sculptor's subjects.
 SUBJECTS.
RELIGIOUS ITEMS:
sculptures that are used to be prayed upon,
a portrayal of religious events, being, etc.
 SUBJECTS.
OTHERS:
mythological beings, fictional characters,
and other strange objects are sculpture
worthy.
PERIODS OF HISTORY.
PREHISTORIC:
the history of sculpture dates back to
the time of the stone age men who
sculpted objects from ivory, horn,
bone, and stone.
GREEK:
two outstanding sculptors of the
Hellenistic period were Praxiteles,
“Hermes and the infant Dionysus” and
Lysippos, “Apoxyomenos”.
PERIODS OF HISTORY.
ROMAN:
romans admired the hellenistic style,
and imitated the works of the greeks.
though, some were reduced head
parts.

MEDIEVAL:
were produced by the barbarics;
often made of wood, gold, and ivory.
PERIODS OF HISTORY.
RENAISSANCE:
the renaissance, meaning rebirth;
literally copied both greek and roman
style.
BAROQUE:
baroque as a restless, dynamic style
with its diagonals and floating curved
lines, its striking chiaroscuro, and its
sensuous textural effects set its
indelible stamp on sculpture.
PERIODS OF HISTORY.
CLASSIC:
during this period,the French
academy was founded. This
academy established classicism
as the official style of the court.
Venerating antiquity and its
formal discipline, artists who
worked in this style gained the
favor of the court officials.
PERIODS OF HISTORY.
ROCOCO:
derived from the French word
"recoille" meaning 'shell or conch',
rococo is a hedonistic style An
extension of the baroque art is its
ornamental aspect, rococo cast
order and symmetry aside and
subordinated structure to
decoration, with its appearance
resembling an organic growth with
spirals and twisting lines.
PERIODS OF HISTORY.
REALIST AND NATURALIST :
considered the era of truth, the
realist and naturalist period was the
time when sculptors presented their
works as they appeared in reality.
PERIODS OF HISTORY.
MODERN:
modern sculptors experimented not
only in style but also in mediums;
while post-impressionism is
represented by the so-called father
of modern abstracts sculpture,
Constantin Brancusi.
 notable artist.
LOCAL ARTIST:
Abueva, Napoleon Isabelo V. (Born in January 26, 1930)
Born in Tagbilaran, Bohol, he studied at the Tagbilaran elementary
school and later at University of Southern Philippines, Holy Name College.
Cacnio, Michael
A fine arts graduate of the University of the Philippines, Cacnio is a
sculptor who uses brass as a medium
Castrillo, Eduardo
Born in Sta. Ana Manila, Castrillo studied at the Sta. Ana Elementary
School and Don Bosco Technical School where he learned formal
techniques of craftsmanship.
 notable artist.
LOCAL ARTIST:
Contreras, Rey P. (Born August 31, 1950)
Contreras is a prominent Filipino sculptor working with the urban refuse
and environmental materials as artistic media. Inspired by the indigenous
Filipino culture, he creates visual forms of contemporary image and
conducts his community-based art training in a studio he put up near the
railroad tracks in Tondo, Manila.
Imao, Abdulmari A.
Imao is a sculptor, painter, photographer, ceramist, documentary
filmmaker, cultural researcher, writer, and articulator of Philippine Muslim
art and culture. A native of Sulu, he acquired his art education in UP with
Filipino masters.
 notable artist.
LOCAL ARTIST:
Luz, Arturo R. (Born November 20, 1926)
Born in Manila, Luz is a painter and sculptor who studied painting at the
UST school of fine arts, the art school of the Brooklyn Museum in New
York, and the Academic Grade Chaumiere in Paris.

Medalla, David
Medalla has been an international artist for almost 40 years. Born in
Manila, he has lived in Britain on and off since the 60s. His parent was
from different ethnic Filipino backgrounds.
 notable artist.
LOCAL ARTIST:
Navarro, Jeremias E. (Born May 22, 1924)
Born in Antique. Navarro is a versatile artist, being a proficient sculptor,
painter, printmaker, and graphic designer. His masks carved in hardwood
merged the human and the animal; his paintings consist of abstracts and
figures in oil and watercolor; and his assemblages fuse found objects and
metal parts.

Saprid, Solomon (Born March 13, 1917)

Born in Imus Cavite. Saprid earned his Master’s degree in education from
the Ohio state university.
 notable artist.
LOCAL ARTIST:
Tolentino, Guillermo E.
An adherent of the old school. Tolentino studied at the royal academy of
fine arts in Rome. In 1925, upon his return to the Philippines from Europe,
he joined the faculty of UP school of fine arts and became its fourth
director from 1952- 1955.

 notable artist.
FOREIGN ARTIST:
Bernini, Giovanni Lorenzo (aka Gian Lorenzo Bernini)
Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini was considered the most versatile of baroque
artists.

Bernini Pietro (May 6, 1562 – August 29, 1629)

The father of Giovanni Lorenzo, he died in Rome. One of his best known
contribution to the city of Rome is the “Fontana della Baraccia”. Located in
the Piazza di Spagna, it resembles a bleached ship. He also did “St. Martin
Dividing His Cloak.”
 notable artist.
FOREIGN ARTIST:
Buonarroti Simo, Michelangelo Di Lodovico (March 6, 1475 – February 18, 1564)
Commonly known as Michelangelo, Buonarroti was an Italian renaissance
painter, sculptor, and architect, poet, and engineer. He is the best
documented artist of the 16th century.

Canova, Antonio (November 1, 1757 – October 13, 1822)

Canova was an Italian sculptor who became famous for his marble
sculptures that delicately rendered nude flesh. Born in Possagno, he was
deprived of both parents at the age of three when his father died and
consequently his mother remarried and left him.
 notable artist.
FOREIGN ARTIST:
Cellini, Benvenuto
Cellini was an Italian goldsmith, painter, sculptor, soldier, and musician of
the renaissance. Born in Florence, Italy, he worked under several
employers.

Da Vinci, Leonardo Di Ser Piero (April 15, 1452- May 2, 1519)

Born in the Tuscan town of Vinci, Leonardo had no surname in the
modern sense. His full birth name was Leonardo de ser Piero da Vinci
which means “Leonardo, son of (Mes) ser Piero from Vinci”.
 notable artist.
FOREIGN ARTIST:
Donatello (c. 1386 – December 13, 1466)
Donatello, the short form of Donato di Florence. Known for his basso
relievo (bas relief), he received his early artistic training in goldsmith’s
workshop and later in Lorenzo Ghiberti’s studio.

Ghiberti, Lorenzo (1378- December 1, 1455)

Born in Florence, Ghiberti was an Italian artist of the early renaissance best
known for works in sculpture and metal-working. Bartoluccio Ghiberti, his
father, was a trained artist and goldsmith.
 notable artist.
FOREIGN ARTIST:
Giacometti, Alberto
Born in Borgonovo, Giacometti moved to Geneva to attend the school of
fine arts and to Paris to train under the sculptor Antione Bourdelle, an
associate of Auguste Rodin.

Moore, Henry S. (July 30, 1898- August 31, 1986)

Moore was an English artist and sculptor. Born in the Yorkshire town of
Castleford, he became well-known for his large-scale abstract cast bronze
and carved marble sculptures.
 notable artist.
FOREIGN ARTIST:
Phidias
Phidias was one of the sculptors of the Golden age of Greece and the
chief sculptor of the Parthenon, whose figures are considered by
aesthetes as the highest expression of the spirit of the Greeks.