WORKSHEET 7

Name: COMPETENTE, JOHN ANGELO C. Course/Year: BSCE- 3A

Provide answers on the following:

1. What are the natures of contact stresses between the rail and the wheel.
- The contact stresses are computed using a multibody system calculation,
followed by a more precise contact stress analysis, for various types of
vehicles and measured lateral profiles of rails. The findings demonstrate that
the occurring stresses can greatly surpass the material's yield stresses
depending on the rail profiles. The relationship between naturally existing
stresses and the beginning of micro fractures is examined, along with a
number of other impacts.

2. What and how are the defects that occur in the rail describing the different
categories.
- Abrasion (material loss due to friction), deformation, fatigue, and machining
mistakes are the main types of rail flaws. The method of maintenance—
grinding or milling—is dependent not only on the kind of problem but also on
how serious it is. The quantity of material that must be removed varies
according to how severe the damage is. To determine the precise quantity of
material that has to be removed at each location along the line, the rail should
be measured beforehand.
Regular preventive maintenance, such High-Speed Grinding (Verlinkung),
keeps the rail in good condition and stops faults in their tracks. This
dramatically increases the service life of the rail while also lowering the
expense of maintaining it during its lifetime. The state of the rails will be
evaluated as the machines travel over them in the future thanks to
measurement and testing technology that will be added to our grinding
machines.

3. If a locomotive is carrying an axle load of 25 tons, what is the suitable rail section
needed.
- For usage on 25 t axle-load routes, Indian Railways considers 60 kg 90 UTS
rails to be adequate.