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Understanding Inverse Trigonometric Functions

The document discusses inverse trigonometric functions including evaluating and graphing the inverse sine, cosine, tangent, and cotangent functions. It explains that the inverse sine function is defined on the restricted domain from -π/2 to π/2 where the sine function is one-to-one. Examples are provided of evaluating inverse trigonometric functions and compositions of inverse trigonometric functions. The document also provides examples of simplifying expressions involving inverse trigonometric functions.

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Baur Talip
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103 views21 pages

Understanding Inverse Trigonometric Functions

The document discusses inverse trigonometric functions including evaluating and graphing the inverse sine, cosine, tangent, and cotangent functions. It explains that the inverse sine function is defined on the restricted domain from -π/2 to π/2 where the sine function is one-to-one. Examples are provided of evaluating inverse trigonometric functions and compositions of inverse trigonometric functions. The document also provides examples of simplifying expressions involving inverse trigonometric functions.

Uploaded by

Baur Talip
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Inverse Trigonometric

Functions
Yerkebulan Yessetov
We will learn:

• Evaluate and graph inverse sine functions

• Evaluate and graph other inverse trigonometric


functions

• Evaluate compositions of trigonometric functions


Inverse Sine Function
• Recall that for a function to have an INVERSE function, it must be
one-to-one (no repeated y values).

• In other words, it must pass the Horizontal Line Test.


Inverse Sine Function
In the Figure it is obvious that y = sin x does not pass the test because
different values of x yield the same y-value.
Inverse Sine Function
However, when you restrict the domain to the interval
– 2  x   2 (corresponding to the black portion of the graph in Figure
4.67), the following properties hold.

1. On the interval [– 2,  2], the function y = sin x is


increasing.

2. On the interval [– 2,  2], y = sin x takes on its full range
of values, –1  sin x  1.

3. On the interval [– 2,  2], y = sin x is one-to-one.


Inverse Sine Function
• So, on the restricted domain – 2  x   2, y = sinx has a unique
inverse function called the inverse sine function. It is denoted by

y = arcsin x or y = sin–1 x

“The notation sin–1 x is consistent with the inverse function notation f –1(x). The
arcsin x notation (read as “the arcsine
of x”) comes from the association of a central angle with its intercepted arc
length on a unit circle.”
Examples
If possible, find the exact value.

a. b. c. sin−1 2
Example
Sketch a graph of y = arcsin 𝑥 .
𝒙 −𝟏 𝟐 𝟏 𝟎 𝟏 𝟐 𝟏
− −
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝑦 = arcsin 𝑥
Inverse of cosine function
Inverse of tangent and
cotangent functions
Summary
Example
• Find the exact value.

• a. b. cos–1(–1)

• c. arctan 0 d. tan–1(–1)

• Solution:
• a. Because cos( 4) = , and  4 lies in [0, ], it follows that
Angle whose cosine is
Example
• b. Because cos = –1 and  lies in [0, ] it follows that

cos–1(–1) = .

• c. Because tan 0 = 0, and 0 lies in (– 2,  2), it follows that


arctan 0 = 0.

• d. Because tan(– 4) = –1 and – 4 lies in (– 2, 2), it follows that
Composition of inverse trig functions
  1 
tan  arcsin    =
  2 

 −1  1  
sin  cos    =
  2 
Composition of inverse trig functions
  1 
cos  arcsin  −   =
  2 

 −1  2  −1
 2 
tan  sin  − cos  =
  2   2  
    
 −1 −1  1  
sin  sin (1) − cos    =
  2 
Simplifying expressions involving Inverse trig
functions (from the book)
Example 6, page 58.
1 2
Find the value of cos(arcsin + arccos )
2 2
Simplifying expressions involving Inverse trig
functions (from the book)
Example 7, page 58.
3
Find the value of cos(2 arcsin )
5
Simplifying expressions involving Inverse trig
functions (from the book)
Example 8, page 59.
5
Find the value of cot(arcsin )
13
Simplifying expressions involving Inverse trig
functions (from the book)
Example 9, page 59.
a) Solve for x
3
arcsin 2𝑥 − 1 = arccos
2
Simplifying expressions involving Inverse trig
functions (from the book)
Example 9, page 59.
b) Solve for x
𝜋
arctan 𝑥2 −𝑥−5 =
4

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