BIOSTATISTICS LABORATORY WORKSHEET #2

1. In a study of the oral home care practice and reasons for seeking dental care among
individuals on renal dialysis, Atassi (A-1) studied 90 subjects on renal dialysis. The oral
hygiene status of all subjects was examined using a plaque index with a range of 0 to 3 (0 =
no soft plaque deposits, 3 = an abundance of soft plaque deposits). The following table
shows the plaque index scores for all 90 subjects.

(a) Use these data to prepare:

A frequency distribution
A relative frequency distribution
A cumulative frequency distribution
A cumulative relative frequency distribution
Element Frequency Relative Cumulative Cumulative Relative
Frequency Frequency Frequency
0 1 0.0114 or 1.14% 1 0.0114 or 1.14%

0.33 2 0.0229 or 2.29% 3 0.0344 or 3.44%

0.50 1 0.0114 or 1.14% 4 0.0459 or 4.59%

0.83 2 0.0229 or 2.29% 6 0.0689 or 6.89%

1.00 2 0.0229 or 2.29% 8 0.0919 or 9.19%

1.17 6 0.0689 or 6.89% 14 0.1609 or 16.09%

1.33 6 0.0689 or 6.89% 20 0.2298 or 22.98%

1.50 8 0.0919 or 9.19% 28 0.3218 or 32.18%

1.67 3 0.0344 or 3.44% 31 0.3563 or 35.63%

1.83 2 0.0229 or 2.99% 33 0.3793 or 37.93%

2.00 18 0.2068 or 20.68% 51 0.5862 or 58.62%

2.17 21 0.2413 or 24.13% 72 0.8275 or 82.75%

2.33 6 0.0689 or 6.89% 78 0.8965 or 89.65%

2.50 6 0.0689 or 6.89% 84 0.9655 or 96.55%

2.67 2 0.0229 or 2.29% 86 0.9885 or 98.85%

2.83 1 0.0114 or 1.14% 87 1 or 100%

Total: 87 Total: 0.9987 or 1

Solutions:
A Histogram
 A Frequency Polygon

2. Refer to the ages of patients discussed in Example 1.4.1 and displayed in Table 1.4.1.
(a) Use class interval widths of 5 and construct:
 A frequency distribution
A relative frequency distribution
A cumulative frequency distribution
A cumulative relative frequency distribution
Class Interval Frequency Relative Cumulative Cumulative Relative
Frequency Frequency Frequency
30 - 34 2 0.0105 or 1.05% 2 0.0105 or 1.05%

35 - 39 9 0.0476 or 4.76% 11 0.0582 or 5.82%

40 - 44 17 0.0899 or 8.99% 28 0.1481 or 14.81%

45 - 49 29 0.1534 or 15.34% 57 0.3015 or 30.15%

50 - 54 46 0.2433 or 24.33% 103 0.5449 or 54.49%

55 - 59 24 0.1269 or 12.69% 127 0.6719 or 67.19%

60 - 64 30 0.1587 or 15.87% 157 0.8306 or 83.06%

65 - 69 32 0.1693 or 16.93% 189 1 or 100%

Total: 189 Total: 0.9996 or 1

Solutions:
A Histogram
 A Frequency Polygon

3. FIND THE MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE FOR THE CONTROLS AND SCI GROUP
 CONTROL GROUP
n

Mean x̄ =
∑ xi
i=1
n
131+115+ 124+131+122+117+88+114 +150+169
=
10
1261
=
10
= 126.1

Median:
Observations in the ascending order are :
88,114,115,117,122,124,131,131,150,169

Here, n=10 is even.

n n
Value of ( )t h observation+ value of ( + 1) t h observation
M= 2 2
2
10 10
value of ( ) t h observation +value of ( +1) t h obs e rvation
= 2 2
2
value of 5 t h observation+ value of 6 t h observation
=
2
122+124
=
2
= 123

Mode:
In the given data, the observation 131 occurs maximum number of 2 times
Z = 131
 SCI GROUP
n

Mean x̄ =
∑ xi
i=1
n
60 ,150 , 130 , 180 ,163 , 130 ,121 , 119 ,130 , 148
=
10
1331
= 10

= 133.1

Median:
Observations in the ascending order are :
60,119,121,130,130,130,148,150,163,180

Here, n=10 is even.

n n
Value of ( )t h observation+ value of ( + 1) t h observation
M= 2 2
2
10 10
value of ( )t h observation +value of ( +1) t h observation
= 2 2
2
value of 5 t h observation+ value of 6 t h observation
=
2
130+130
=
2
= 130

Mode:
In the given data, the observation 130 occurs maximum number of 3 times
Z = 130

4. Construct a stem-and-leaf plot for these gestational ages

 Stem Leaf
2 5567999
3 0012223333444555555555666666666666666666677

5.

For these data construct a cumulative frequency distribution, a relative frequency distribution,
and a cumulative relative frequency distribution.
Class Frequency Cumulative Relative Cumulative
Interval Frequency Frequency Relative Frequency
25 - 34 393 393 0.1188 or 11.88% 0.1188 or 11.88%
35 - 44 514 907 0.1554 or 15.54% 0.2742 or 27.42%
45 - 54 460 1367 0.1390 or 13.90% 0.4132 or 41.32%
55 - 64 341 1708 0.1031 or 10.31% 0.5163 or 51.63%
65 - 74 365 2073 0.1103 or 11.03% 0.6266 or 62.66%
75 - 84 616 2689 0.1862 or 18.62% 0.8128 or 81.28%
85 - 94 618 3307 0.1868 or 18.68% 1 or 100%
Total: 3307 Total: 0.9996 or 1
Solutions:
Prepared by:
Jimmu A. Mediavillo,RMT,MSc