Production of milk, butter and meat Germany producing only 50% of milk and 60%

of butter and meat it had been producing pre war.

How many German civilians died after WW1 Nearly 763,000 Germans died from
starvation and hypothermia due to fuel shortages.
Soldiers return to Germany 1.5 million disillusioned soldiers return to Germany with no
work.
Government spending By 1925 the government was spending about 1/3 of its budget
on war pensions
National income National income was about 1/3 of what it had been in 1914
War spending Germany was virtually bankrupt after the war by 1918 total spending had
reached 170 billion marks, compared to 50 billion marks in 1914.
Industrial Production Industrial production was about 2/3 what it had been in 1913
Uneven distribution of wealthIn 1918 the average wage for a worker was only 60% of what it
had been in 1913. But big business owners made lost of money from the war.
How many assassination attempts were there in the Weimar Republic between 1919 and
1923 376
Reparations and the Ruhr over 8 months 132 people were killed and 150,000 Germans
were displaced.
Germanies war debt 175% of total national output
Loaf of bread hyperinflation In 1918, a loaf of bread cost 0.6 marks, by November
1923 it cost 201 billion marks.
Stresemann era 1924-1929
1924 bank loans and reparations - Banks in the USA loaned 800 million Reichsmarks to
German industries

- Reparation instalments were temporarily made to £50 million a year

Stresemann's young plan In 1929, the young plan planned to lower the total reoperations
from £6.6 billion to £2 billion the payments would continue until 1988, however this as
abruptly stopped due to the wall street crash.
Economic recovery - By 1928, industrial production levels were higher than they were in
1913.
- Between 1925 and 1929, exports rose by 40%.
- In 1927, the Weimar Republic set up a number of pension, health and unemployment
schemes to help German society.
Economic insecurity - Economy not secure, relied on American loans
- Unemployment still huge problem
- Germany spent more money on imports than they received on exports a 'trade defecit'
Kellog-Brand Treaty62 countries signed agreeing to disarm and reduced armed forces (in
1928)
Invited to League of nations1926
unemployment levelsAfter 1924 Unemployment levels remained above 1.3 million and in
1929 increased to 1.9 million
Hourly wages after 1924 hourly wages were increasing every year from 1924, and by
10% alone in 1929
Growth of the SA Between 1930 and 1934, the SA grew from 400,000 to 3 million
Nazi seats in Reichstag 1924-28 The Nazis only had 32 seats in the Reichstag in 1924
and this dropped to 12 seats in 1928.
Nazi seats in the Reichstag 1924 - 1933 1924: 34
1928: 12
1930: 107
1932: 230
1933: 288
Nazi member count 1925-1929 Nazis increased from 27,000 in 1925 to 130,000 in
1929.
Effects of Wall Street Crash on Germany By 1932, 40% of workers were unemployed.
Nazi votes from 1928 - 1932 2.6% in 1928;
18% in 1930;
37% in July 1932.
Chancellors between April and December 1932 Bruning
Von Papen
Von Schleicher
Von Papen and Hindenburg's Secret Pact They decided to use Hitler and his followers to
make a political majority. They decided to make Hitler the new Chancellor and Von Papen
the vice chancellor.

They hoped to use Hitler as a puppet leader using him for their benefit. However he seriously
underestimated him, he was too charismatic and popular to be controlled.
Hitler made chancellor January 1933
Reichstag Fire February, 1933; the Reichstag was set on Fire by a secret order of
Joesef Goebbels. The Nazis blamed a Dutch communist called Marinus van der Lubbe.

This allowed Hitler to pass an Emergency Decree, which suspended the Weimar constitution.
Thousands of communists were arrested after the Reichstag Fire.
German election day was on the 5th of March 1933, 1 week after the Reichstag Fire and the
arrest of thousands of communists. Fear of communist uprising had never been higher
1933 German Elections The Nazi Party won 43.9% in the 1933 election. The DNVP
won 7.9% of the votes.
In the Weimar system of Proportional Representation, a coalition of parties needed over 50%
to rule.
The Nazi-DNVP coalition had 51.9%.
The Enabling Act On the 23rd March 1933, Hitler proposed the Enabling Act. This
meant that Hitler could make laws without the Reichstag. The Reichstag (parliament)
supported the Enabling Act by 444 votes to 94.
After the Enabling Act, the Reichstag (parliament) could no longer stop Hitler. Germany was
no longer a democracy.
Single Party State On the 14th July 1933, all political parties were banned apart from the
Nazi Party.
Trade Unions banned in Germany May 1933, trade union leaders sent to concentration
camps, all workers were forced to join the German Labour Front (DAF)
The night of the long knives On the 30th June 1934, Hitler used the SS to purge (get rid of
certain members) of the SA. 400 members of the SA were killed, including Röhm. As well as
this, Hitler used this opportunity to kill other opponents, such as the former Chancellor, von
Schleicher.
There was now no internal opposition (in the Nazi party) to Hitler. Röhm, his most powerful
rival was dead.
How many protestant pastors were sent to concentration camps by the Nazis? 800
What percent of children over 14 were part of the Hitler youth 90% of children over the
age of 14 were part of the Hitler Youth.

The remaining 10% either avoided the Nazis or actively resisted them.
How many Edelweiss Pirates were there by 1939? By 1939, there were 2,000
Edelweiss Pirates (a group of working-class youths in the Rhineland)
How many catholic priests were sent to concentration camps 400 catholic priests sent
to concentration camps
How were the Edelweiss Pirates punished In 1942, 700 members were arrested.

In 1944, 12 were publicly hanged in Cologne to send a message.

How many people were executed as a result of the July Plot Stauffenberg and 5,746
others were executed. This included 19 generals and 26 colonels
What was the July Plot of 1944 Known as Operation Valkyrie, Count Stauffenberg of
the army tried to kill Hitler with a bomb in his briefcase at a military conference on the 20th
July 1944.
Although the bomb went off, Hitler was only injured.

It highlights that many people within the army opposed the Nazi regime by the end of the war
How many members did the SS have Initially the SS had only 500 men, however in
four years Heinrich Himmler built it into an elite force of 50,000 tall, blonde, blue eyed
Aryan 'supermen'.

Initially the SS had only 500 men, however in four years Heinrich Himmler built it into an
elite force of 50,000 tall, blonde, blue eyed Aryan 'supermen'.
Number of crimes punishable by death in Germany The number of crimes punishable
by death rose from 3 in 1933 to 46 in 1943. They included listening to foreign radio or
publishing anti government leaflets.
What percent of newspapers were controlled by the Nazis? Only newspapers that
supported the Nazis were allowed to operate. In 1944, the Nazis controlled over 80% of
German newspapers
What did the Nuremberg laws ban? In 1936, the Nuremberg Laws banned marriage
or sexual relations between Aryans and non-Aryans.
What percent of Gypsies were killed by the end of the war By the end of the war,
85% of German gypsies were killed. This was 25% of the whole European Roma population.
Nuremberg laws in 1935 The Reich Law on Citizenship stated that Jews were no longer
allowed to be German citizens and lost their rights.

The Reich Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour stated that Jews could not
marry German citizens
When was Kristallnacht? 9th November 1938
Wanasee Conference 1942 After the Wannsee Conference in January 1942, the 'Final
Solution of the Jewish Question' was decided. 6 death camps with gas chambers were built in
Poland.
Out of all the Jews killed, 60% were killed after 1942, after the Wannsee Conference.
How many disabled people were secretly killed between 1939-41 100,000 disabled
people were secretly killed between 1939-41
What were the 3 Ks in Nazi Germany? Kinder (children), Küche (Kitchen), Kirche
(Church).
What was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage?This gave married couples a loan
of 1,000 marks.
For every child a family had, they were allowed to keep 250 marks of their marriage loan. If
you had 4 children, you would not have to pay any money back.
Increase in Birth rate Germany 1932 - 38 The birth rate did increase from 15 babies per
1,000 in 1932 to 19 babies per 1,000 in 1938.
What were woman banned from in 1933? From 1933, women were banned from having
professional jobs
How much did female employment increase by between 1933-39 Women were
cheap labourers and female employment rose by 2.4 million between 1933 and 1939.
Nazi Germany, what were girls taught? The German Women's Enterprise (DFW) ran
classes and radio shows to teach women how to run their home.

Schools began to teach girls domestic skills.

From 1937, girls in grammar schools were forbidden to prepare for university.
Public work schemes in Nazi Germany Men were employed to work on public
construction projects. These included public buildings, creating farmlands, the 1936 Olympic
Stadium and building 7,000 km of autobahns
Unemployment between 1933 to 1939 Hitler boasted that unemployment fell from 5
million in 1933 to 0.3 million in 1939.

However In this statistic, Hitler did not include the Jews and women forced out of their jobs,
or the men conscripted (drawn) into the National Labour Service.
What was the Four Year Plan. Hermann Goering created the Four-Year Plan in 1936 to
prepare Germany for war. Its two aims were rearmament (building up supply of military
weapons) and self-sufficiency (needing no support)
Was the Four year plan successful? By World War Two, Germany was still
importing 20% of its food. To increase raw materials, scientists created 'ersatz' substitutes.
These were not very successful and by World War Two Germany was still importing 1/3 of
its raw materials.

The four-year plan led to food shortages. The cost of food also increased. This meant they did
not feel the increase in wages.
Weekly wage between 1932 and 1939 Nazi Germany The average weekly wage rose by
around 25% between 1932 and 1939.
Did working conditions improve? Working hours increased from 1936 onwards.
If a worker complained about working conditions, they would be 'blacklisted'. This means
they would struggle to find employment.
Effects of WW2 on Germany 70% of Dresden was destroyed.
500,000 civilians were killed and 750,000 were wounded in these raids.
Bombing destroyed over 1 million homes. This meant over 7 million people were left
homeless.
Who was forced to work in 1943 Nazi Germany? In January 1943, men between 16 and 65
and women between 17 and 45 were forced to work
How many communists were arrested after the Reichstag fire? After the Emergency
Decree following the Reichstag Fire, 4,000 communists were arrested.
Treaty of Versailles facts Took away 13% of Germanies land
Took away 12.5% of their populations
took away 16% of their coal fields
took away Nearly 50% of the countries iron and steel industry, with a total of 3/4 of their iron
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