TANAUAN CITY INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
Online Shopping: Factors Affecting Students’ Buying Behavior
(Ramirez, Christine; Arguelles, Daniel Ellis; Cabigas, Vien Jherol; Caingin, Kathleen; Canupin, Fiona
Chelsea; Corigal, Jaimie Marie; Diaz, Princess Diana)
Adviser: Ms. Claren Opena
SHS Department, Tanauan City Integrated High School, Trapiche 1, Tanauan City, Batangas
Abstract
The focus of the study is to determine the
relationship between the factors and buying decisions
of Grade 12 students as a consumer through online
shopping. On the basis of purposive/purposeful
sampling technique of non- probability sampling, a
sample of 30 grade 12 students in Tanauan City as
respondents was selected. Survey questionnaire was
used as an instrument for data collection. 100% of the
questionnaire received back from respondents on
which descriptive statistics apply for data analysis.
Results indicate that there was a strong positive
relationship between purchasing online and the
factors affecting consumer buying behavior because
as a result, majority of Grade 12 students used to
shop online are more females between the age of 18-
34 and has a monthly family income of 5,000 and
20,000 and above. They purchase on their favorite
social media online shopping sites and spend at least
once a month and students. Students said that they
like to shop online because of its conveniency that
satisfies their satisfaction but sometimes they
experience some delivery issues because of some
delivery process every transaction. But despite that,
they are still satisfied to shop online and they are all
agreed that understanding the factors affecting
consumers behavior can help to increased sales and
for th improvements of every online sellers. Use of
these interacting social media online sites has become
the routine habit of student they purchase online and
observed any changes happen positively or adversely.
That is why the study further confirmed that the
factors affecting cosumer buying behavior thorugh
online shopping are important to consider and
understand to help every businesses online to
increased their sales and make self-improvements
between the seller and consumers.
Keywords: Online Shopping, Consumer Behavior,
Students, Positive, Factors
Introduction & Importance
People nowadays live in a digital
environment. Previously, the internet was used to
share information, but now life would be difficult
1
without it. It connects everything, whether for
business or social engagement. Furthermore, since
people's lifestyles have evolved, their ways of doing
things have altered from conventional to digital, and
buying has migrated to online shopping.
Online shopping deals provide the customer
with a variety of products and services, wherein
customers can compare them with deals of other
intermediaries also and choose one of the best deals
for them. Online shopping seems booming in the
Philippines due to the strong improvement of the
internet, mobile applications, and various web
developments. It is an easy solution for the busy life
and COVID-19 pandemic that the world is facing
today.
Unlike physical stores, all the goods in
online stores described through text, photos, and with
other multimedia files. Many online stores will
provide links for much extra information about their
product. On the other hand, some online consumers
are adventurous explorers, fun seekers, shopping
lover, and some are technology muddlers, hate
waiting for the product to ship.
Based on a study of Kemp and Moey
published by Statista Research Department (2019),
the Philippines ranks third place in the world's
fastest-growing e-commerce markets outlasting its
neighbor country in Southeast Asia. In addition, a
study conducted found that Filipinos shopped online
for the convenience of not having to go to and line up
at brick-and-mortar stores, better prices, and deals.
However, this development needs some
more understanding related to the students
consumer’s behavior. Consumer behavior research
identifies a general model of buying behavior that
depicts the processes used by consumers in making a
purchase decision state by Vrender (2016). Those
designs are paramount to the marketer as they can
explain and predict consumer purchase behavior.
In summary, with the current Internet
technology development and innovation, online
shopping has become a modern people's daily life
TANAUAN CITY INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
integral to the structure. As the main force of network
consumption in contemporary students, is largely
bound to affect the development of network
consumption. Therefore, only the main factors for
students' network to do is to fully understand
consumer behavior and analysis in order to help
especially the seller and company to make their own
understanding about the factors affecting the
student’s or consumer’s behavior.
With the growing craze in online shopping,
the study entitled, "Online Shopping: Factors
Affecting Students’ Buying Behavior", the
researchers' aims to determine the relationship
between the factors and buying decisions of Grade 12
students as a consumer through online shopping
thorugh this study. The data that will be collected and
interpreted will increase the intellectual capacity of
every sellers or company to consider and understand
all the factors of every consumers that mainly affect
their consumer behavior.
Statement of the Problem
Nowadays, most people prefer online
shopping more than the traditional way of buying
things that they need, especially the students because
it is the most convenient way to buy a product. In
online shopping, there are some factors that can
affect student’s behavior in buying a product online.
This study seeks to answer the following
questions:
1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms
of:
a. Sex;
b. Age; and
c. Monthly Family Income?
2. How often do the respondents purchase online?
3. What are the factors that the respondents
consider when purchasing a product online?
4. What are the issues the respondents encounter
when purchasing online?
5. How does online shopping affect the buying
behavior of the respondents?
Hypothesis
The research study will be conducted as
guided by the following hypothesis in its null form:
2
- There is no significant relationship between sex,
age, and monthly family income and online shopping.
- There is no significant relationship between the
times the respondents purchase online and online
shopping.
- Factors for liking and disliking online shopping
directly affect students buying behavior.
Related Literature
For a variety of reasons, online buying
becoming increasingly popular that makes online
shopping become the easy solution for busy life in
today’s world because in the past decade, there had
been a massive change in the way of customer’s
shopping. Huseynov and Yıldırım (2014) emphasized
that the lack of physical interaction tends to be the
critical impediment in online retail sales followed by
the privacy of individual information and security of
financial transactions over the Internet. Demangeot
and Broderick (2010) also revealed that perceived
ease of use does not affect the behavioral pattern in
this case rather influenced by security and privacy
issues.
According to the study conducted by Deena
McCoy (2017), when it comes to online shopping,
teens are outspending their parents. In fact, shoppers
aged between 13-to-18 years old spent at twice the
rate of adults in September, according to data from
Current, a financial technology company.
Specifically, Current’s teen customers’ online
purchases accounted for 17.9% of transactions last
month. The most recent U.S. Census Bureau reports
online purchases represent 8.6% of all U.S. retail
transactions.
Consumers’ continuation to buy from a
physical store, the users or buyers feel very
convenient to online shopping. Online shopping
saves crucial time for modern people because they
get so busy that they cannot or unwilling to spend
much time shopping but in purchasing online is also
one of the fear of some people because of some
factors affecting their buying behavior and decisions.
Considering that Internet shopping, is still at the early
stage of development, little is known about
consumers’ attitudes towards adopting this new
shopping channel and factors that influence their
attitude toward. The consumers’ attitude towards
online shopping is known as the main factor that
affects e-shopping potential (Rahman, 2012).
TANAUAN CITY INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
Attitudinal issues are also thought to play a
significant role in e-commerce adoption. That means
that, through motivation and perception, attitudes are
formed and consumers make decisions. Thus,
attitudes directly influence decision making.
Attitudes serve as the bridge between consumers’
background characteristics and the consumption that
satisfies their needs. Because attitudes are difficult to
change, to understand consumers’ attitudes toward
online shopping, can help marketing managers
predict the online shopping intention and evaluate the
future growth of online commerce.
Day-by-day taste, preference and choices are
varying regarding different factors such as the
Internet emergence especially for the students.
However, this development needs some more
understanding related to the students consumer’s
behavior. Consumer behavior research identifies a
general model of buying behavior that depicts the
processes used by consumers in making a purchase
decision (Vrender, 2016). Those designs are
paramount to the marketer as they can explain and
predict consumer purchase behavior.
Relevant Economists found that dominant
students consumer buying behavior is a major factor
in buyers own willingness to buy, and the willingness
to buy and purchase is directly linked to the attitude,
the attitude of consumers to purchase using purchase
intention to consumers the main factors affecting the
buying behavior itself one of students attitudes to
computer applications, purchases experience and
perception of product value, and risk factors such as
advance will be severely affected by a series of
studies that have shown that stuedents consumers'
online consumer attitudes.
Students consumer attitudes toward online
shopping usually been determined by two factors;
one is trust, and another is perceived benefits (Hoque,
Ali, & Mahfuz, 2015). Therefore, trust and perceived
benefits seem to be the critical conjectures of
students consumer behavior toward online shopping
(Al-Debei, Akroush, & Ashouri, 2015; Hajli, 2014).
Moreover, information quality, merchandise attribute,
website design, transaction capability, payment,
security/privacy, delivery, self-consciousness, state of
mind, the consumer’s time sense and customer
service are strongly predictive of online shopping
satisfaction (Katawetawaraks & Wang, 2011).
Students shopping experience is mainly
reflected in the activity of shopping satisfaction,
while shopping satisfaction depends on students of
commodities gap purchase or service quality and
expected beforehand between the determination to
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purchase the same goods or services and the quality
of college students consumption expected or higher,
for the satisfaction, the greater the gap between the
higher satisfaction. Koufaris (2012) identified that
both shopping enjoyment and perceived usefulness
strongly predict the intention to re-purchase over
online. Lee and Lin (2015) also found that shopping
enjoyment can increase the intent of new customers
but does not influence customers to return. Also,
demographic variables such as age, gender, and level
of income play a facilitating role because they
influence consumer perception and consumer
behavior that drives them towards online shopping
(Kim, Zhao, & Yang, 2018)
In summary, with the current Internet
technology development and innovation, online
shopping has become a modern people's daily life
integral to the structure.
Methodology
Research and Design
The researchers conducted a study it aims to
determine the relationship between the factors and
buying decisions of Grade 12 students as a consumer
through online shopping. Mixed method research
design will be use for this study where both
qualitative and quantitative will be used to collect
data from the respondents. In this approach, nominal
scale will be use to determine the factors affecting
students’ buying behavior. At the same time in the
study, the reason and essence of considering these
factors will be explored using qualitative pre-
determined questionnaires with Grade 12 students.
Using purposive sampling the respondents are
identified and we collect data via online where we
will use links that serves as researchers
questionnaires and it will be given in the fifth week
duration of the study by given them access to the link
which is the google form where the questions is
needed to come up with their conclusion, findings
and recommendation. The links consisted of both
quantitative and qualitative questionnaire and to fill
in the survey and answer all the questions needed for
the study, the participants will be given 2 weeks for
completing the survey.
Sampling Scheme
Purposive/purposeful sampling technique of
non- probability sampling for selecting members has
been adopted in this study to acquire data from
respondents where it is one of the commonly used
TANAUAN CITY INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
technique for conducting research where there is a
specific criteria for the participants needed in study:
Grade 12 students who has a participation letter and
survey links. Purposive sampling offer significant
levels of flexibility, but also require a higher level of
evidence-based techniques to prove to outside
observers that there is relevance to the information
collected. That is why this process is usually reserved
for situations where there is already a general
consensus in the public about the definitions of
certain population groups (Ayres, 2019).
Subjects and Respondents of the Study
The subject of the research study entitled
"Online Shopping: Factors Affecting Students’
Buying Behavior" is composed of Grade 12 students
with various experience in online shopping. 30 Grade
12 students as our respondents from different schools
in Tanauan City will participate in the research study
using various instruments to collect the data.
Data Gathering Instruments
The researchers continue following the
systematic procedure and start working on data
gathering. The research study will proceed through
the utilization of data gathering instruments. A mixed
methods study combines quantitative and qualitative
data collection and analysis in one study. Individually,
these approaches can answer different questions, so
combining them can provide you with more in-depth
findings. The researchers will use structured type of
interview in collecting and gathering the data where
it consists of mixed questions for qualitative and
quantitative that all interviewers answer. The
interview will be done in a survey and questionnaire
manner through answering some questions listed in
google forms. The survey is consists of respondents’
profile such as sex, age and monthly family income
and group of questions related on two variables
which are online shopping and respondents buying
behavior. The survey will be done through Google
forms validated by a few consultants and
professionals by providing the respondents' survey
link to answer.
Data Gathering Procedures
Since the data gathering will be online, the
researchers asked for proper permission from their
teacher to gather information and data from students
by using survey questionnaires through google forms.
The researchers will also make a letter for teachers to
be informed about the survey. Once the letters are
approved, we will start sending the links to our
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targeted respondents to make our transactions
organized and well-distributed properly. The link will
be sent through messenger or through email once
they are agreed to be part of this research study as a
participant. The research study will be conducted by
the researchers in Tanauan City, Batangas through
the utilization of online survey forms due to its
practicality. A consent form will be provided by the
researchers to the respondents on the basis of
research ethics. The researchers will give them
clarification and explanation about the significance of
their response to the research study. The researchers
will also provide directions to the respondents, so
they can answer the questionnaire with full
knowledge and clarity. The respondents will be
reminded by the researchers to answer the survey
with honesty to collect reliable and accurate data
needed in the research study. The data will be
automatically collected with the use of modern
technology and Google forms. After the collection of
data, the information will be interpreted using tabular
forms. A research professional will be needed by the
researchers in determining the appropriate
interpretation of the collected data. After the data
interpretation, the researchers will formulate a
conclusion and recommendation for this study.
Results and Discussion
1. Profile of the Respondents
The respondents were categorized into
several factors, such as sex, age and monthly family
income.
1.1. Sex
Category Frequency Percentage
Male 11 36.7%
Female 19 63.3%
Total 30 100%
From Table 1.1, it shows that among the
respondents we found 36.7% were male and 63.3%
were female.
Findings, thus contradicts to the study
Hernández, B., Martinez, J., & Martin, M. J. (2019),
that the internet has become a marketplace suitable
for all ages, incomes and both genders. Because
based on the findings of this study more females tend
to shop online than males, respondents who doesn’t
have savings at the end of the month also hesitated to
buy online and prefer to buy in stores.
TANAUAN CITY INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

1.2. Age 3. Factors for Liking Online Shopping

Category Frequency Percentage Category Frequency Percentage
16-18 years old 28 93.3% Convenience 10 33.3%
19-21 years old 2 6.7% Time Saving 3 10%
22 and above 0 0% Trust and Security 5 16.7%
Total 30 100% Enjoyment 4 13.3%
Social Influence 1 3.3%
The table 1.2, we can interpret that majority Product Price 7 23.3%
of the respondents were in between 16 - 18 years old Total 30 100%
having 93.3%, followed by the respondents between Field Data, 2021
19 - 21 years old having 6.7%.
This confirms the result in Verto Analytics Table 3 shows that 33.3% of the respondents
Data (2018) that most of the online shoppers are in think that Convenience is the best factor to consider
the category of millenials whose age are in between to like purchasing online, 23.3% says that it is the
of 18-34 or below 18. Product Price, 16.7% says its the Trust and Security,
13.3% for the Enjoyment, 10% in Time Saving and
1.3. Monthly Family Income 3.3% in Social Influence.
Category Frequency Percentage
Below 5,000 8 26.7% 3.1 Importance of Factors in Liking Online
5,001 - 10,000 9 30% Shopping for the Consumer
10,001 - 15,000 4 13.3% Response Frequency Percentage
15,001 - 20,000 3 10% Fraud Prevention 5 16.7%
20,001 and 8 26.7% Affordability 5 16.7%
above Shop Confidently 1 3.3%
Total 30 100% Satisfaction 8 26.8%
Field Data, 2021 Entertainment 1 3.3%
Saving 3 10%
Table 1.3, we can see that nearly 26.7% Time 1 3.3%
respondents’ average monthly family income fall into Easier 3 10%
below 5,000 categories, 30% respondents’ monthly Usefulness 1 3.3%
income was into 5,001–10,000, 13.3% earn 10,001– Important 1 3.3%
15,000, 10% earn about 15,001 - 20,000, and Not Important 1 3.3%
26.7%of the interviewees have more than 20,001 Total 30 100%
monthly family income per month. Field Data, 2021
This confirms the study of Rahman et al.
(2018) that the monthly income of every online From Table 3.1, we ask the respondents to
shoppers are fall into between below 5,000 and state the reason why the factor they choose is
20,000 and above. important for them to like online shopping and then
we found that most of them are saying that factors are
2. Frequency of Online Purchases important for their Satisfaction with a percentage of
Response Frequency Percentage 26.8%, followed by Fraud Prevention and
Once a week 6 20% Affordability having a percentage of 16.7% each,
Once a month 22 73.3% Saving and Easier having 10% each, and the rest of
Once a year 2 6.7% them are for their Entertainment, Time, Usefulness,
Total 30 100% Social Growth and Independency with a percentage
Field Data, 2021 of 3.3% each.
This results confirms the study of Vasic, N.,
From table 2, we found that 22 out of 30 Kilibarda, M., & Kaurin, T. (2019), saying that both
respondents having 73.3% purchase a product online concepts, retaining and satisfying the customer, are
once a month, followed by 6 respondents once a becoming increasingly important for online business.
week that has 20% while the other 2 respondents says It is therefore, important to understand the factors
that they purchase online once a year having 6.7%. that drive customer satisfaction and their choice of
Findings, confirms the study of Johnson online stores.
(2021) that the majority of online shoppers make
spontaneous purchases at least once a month.

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TANAUAN CITY INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

4. Issues to Dislike Online Shopping products are often lost or damaged hile in transit, and
Category Frequency Percentage order tracking systems are unable to accurately locate
Product Damage 9 30% the product.
Cheap Quality of 4 13.3%
Product 5. Consumer’s Feel When Purchasing Online
Delay in Delivery 13 43.3% Response Frequency Percentage
Lack of 1 3.3% Happy 5 16.7%
Information, Excited 3 10%
Security and Satisfied 9 30%
Payment Options Confused 4 13.3%
Poor Customer 3 10% Both Happy & Excited 7 23.3%
Service Both Happy & Satisfied 2 6.7%
Total 30 100% Total 30 100%
Field Data, 2021 Field Data, 2021

Table 4 shows that 43.3% of the respondents From Table 5, the 100% of respondents
says that the most common issue their encounter were asked what they feel everytime they’re
when purchasing online was Delay in Delivery, purchasing an item or product online in a qualitative
followed by Product Damage having 30%, then manner. 30% of them were categorized based on their
13.3% to Cheap Quality of Product, 10% to Poor answer as Satisfied, another 23.3% of them
Customer Service and 3.3% to Lack of Information, categorized as Happy & Excited, another 16.7% of
Security and Payment Options. them categorized as only Happy, another 13.3% of
Findngs, confirms the study of Gupta, P., them categorized as Confused, another 10%
Singh, S., Ranjan, R., & Kharayat, G. (2019), saying categorized as Excited only while the remaining
that delivery issues are the most regular and how 6.7% were categorized as Happy & Satisfied.
likely they are occur when a customer often shops Results, confirms the findings in the study of
online. Rao, Y., Saleem, A., Saeed, W., & Ul Haq. J. (2021),
indicates that consumers feels more satisfied when
4.1 Reasons Why Consumers Encounter an Issue they shop through direct e-store than indirect e-store,
Response Frequency Percentage whereas their perception and actual experience are
Fraud 3 10% different.
Delivery Process 12 40%
Logistics 1 3.3% 5.1 Factors that Makes Consumers Hesitate To
Location 2 6.7% Purchase An Item/Product Through Online
Lack of Information 2 6.7% Shopping
Impulsiveness 7 23.3% Response Frequency Percentage
Seller’s Service 2 6.7% Quality of Product 10 33.3%
Manufacturing Services 1 3.3% Promotions 3 10%
Total 30 100% Payment Security 4 13.3%
Field Data, 2021 Lack of Information 2 6.7%
Negative Reviews 3 10%
From table 4.1, the respondents were asked Scam 5 16.7%
what is the reason why they encounter an issue such Other Needs 2 6.7%
as they choose on a previous question. 40% of the None 1 3.3%
respondents stated that it’s because of Delivery Total 30 100%
Process why they encounter such an issue in Field Data, 2021
purchasing online, followed by Impulsiveness having
23.3%, then Fraud that has 10% of response, then Table 5.1 shows all the factors that is
Location, Lack of Information, and Seller’s Service categorized based on what the respondents answer on
that having a percentage of 6.7% each. Lastly, is what makes them hesitate to purchase online. As a
Logistics and Manufacturing Services having a result, majority of the respondents which 33.3% of
percent of 3.3% each. them, stated that it is because of the Quality of
Findings, confirms the article published by Product, followed by Scam that is answered by
MyAdvo.in (2018), stated that process of delivery 16.7% of the respondents, then Payment having
and logistics are faced in online shopping where 13.3%, then Promotions and Negative Reviews

6
TANAUAN CITY INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

having 10% each, then Lack of Information and behavior if purchasing through online shopping
Other Needs having 6.7% each while the other 3.3% becomes easy, comfortable and better than
stated Nothing. conventional shopping. As a result 86.7% out of
Findings, confirms the article of Aziz & 100% answered Yes, while 10% are not sure and
Wahid (2018), that has a result of the main reasons 3.3% is totally No.
respondents do not prefer to shop online where it is Findings, confirms the article by Gamer,
because they are concerned more about the quality of Bom (2017), saying that people in today’s world are
product they are purchasing. used to go online in order to shop for the products
that they need where they can easily access online
5.2 Importance of Understanding The Factors stores through their personal mobile devise and order
Affecting Consumers Buying Behavior what they want.
Response Frequency Percentage
Gaining Referrals 2 6.7% Discussion
Increased Sales 7 23.3%
Achieving Trust 3 10% The study is to determine the relationship
Adressing Consumer between the factors and buying decisions of Grade 12
6 20% students as a consumer through online shopping Is
Needs
Improvements 7 23.3% there any significant relationship between the factors
Satisfaction 3 10% affecting consumer buying behavior and online
Lesser Aggressive shopping? Firstly, take a review of the article
2 6.7% published by clootrack.com (2020), stated that
Clients
Total 30 100% understanding consumer behavior is essential for the
company to find success for its current products as
Field Data, 2021
well as new product product launches. Also, they
saying that a marketer should understand the factors
Table 5.2 shows the response of 30
so that there was an improvements on marketing
respondents on the importance of understanding the
factors affecting consumers buying behavior. As a efforts and can be aligned accordingly.
result, majority of them stated that it is important for This statement was proven after this survey.
Survey with 30 response per questions showed that
the Increased Sales and Improvements having 23.3%
all of the respondents are into online shopping
each, followed by 20% for Addressing Consumer
because they all agreed that purchasing online is easy,
Needs, then Achieving Trust having 10%, then
comfortable and better than conventional shopping
another two 6.7% is for gaining Referrals and lesser
Aggressive Clients. despite all the factors affecting their buying behavior.
This results, confirms the article published The researchers further confirmed that there was a
strong positive relationship between purchasing
by clootrack.com (2020), stated that understanding
online and the factors affecting consumer buying
consumer behavior is essential for the company to
behavior.
find success for its current products as well as new
product product launches. Also, they saying that a Conclusions
marketer should understand the factors so that there
was an improvements on marketing efforts and can The study gives the illuminating and
be aligned accordingly. confirming information. In recent years especially
these pandemic days people are used to go online in
5.3 Purchasing Online is Easy, Comfortable and order to shop for the products that they need. Not
Better than Conventional Shopping? only celebrities but general public has also turned out
to be a huge user of some social media online
Response Frequency Percentage shopping site. The basic purpose behind conducting
Yes 26 86.7% this study was to determine the relationship between
No 1 3.3% the factors and buying decisions of Grade 12
Not Sure 3 10% students as a consumer through online shopping. The
Total 30 100% findings from this study has find out to be mostly
Field Data, 2021 positive because as a result, majority of Grade 12
students used to shop online are more females
From Table 5.3, the 30 respondents were between the age of 18-34 and has a monthly family
asked after we asked them all the related questions income of 5,000 and 20,000 and above. They
between online shopping and consumer buying purchase on their favorite social media online

7
TANAUAN CITY INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
shopping sites and spend at least once a month and
students. Students said that they like to shop online
because of its conveniency that satisfies their
satisfaction but sometimes they experience some
delivery issues because of some delivery process
every transaction. But despite that, they are still
satisfied to shop online and they are all agreed that
understanding the factors affecting consumers
behavior can help to increased sales and for th
improvements of every online sellers. Use of these
interacting social media online sites has become the
routine habit of student they purchase online and
observed any changes happen positively or adversely.
That is why the study further confirmed that the
factors affecting cosumer buying behavior thorugh
online shopping are important to consider and
understand to help every businesses online to
increased their sales and make self-improvements
between the seller and consumers.
Acknowledgements
First and foremost, we would like to thank
our Father in heaven, for giving us the strength to
face each activity everyday. Second, we would like to
thank our parents for giving us all the support that we
needed throughout the study. We appreciate their
efforts in motivating us to finish this research. Third,
being our second family, we would like to
acknowledge the presence of our teachers for
teaching us all the things that we need to learn to
improve our knowledge that would help us in doing
the study. Fourth, we also appreciate the presence of
our fellow researchers, classmates and friends for
inspiring us to continue our research and for helping
us every time we needed their help. Lastly, we want
to thank our respondents for answering our research
questionnaires. We know that they are also going
through the same school works as ours but they still
managed to write their accurate answers despite their
busy schedules. They are one of the reasons why we
are able to complete this.
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