Gandhinagar Institute of Technology

Information Technology Department / Computer Engineering Department

Question Bank
Subject code: 3150710
Subject Name: Computer Networks
Unit 1: Introduction to computer networks and Internet
1. Define the following terms: (a)Hub (b) Switch (c) router (Summer 2017 3 Marks)
2. _________ layer of OSI is responsible for process to process communication. (Summer
2016 1 Mark)
3. Define: Protocol. (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
4. What is network topology? (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
5. In OSI model dialogue control and token management are responsibilities of ? (Summer
2016 1 Mark)
a. Session layer c. Physical layer
b. Transport layer d. Network layer
6. In a broad sense, a railway track is an example of _______ . (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
a. Half-duplex c. Simplex
b. Full-duplex d. None of these
7. Which layer of OSI is responsible for physical addressing? (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
8. For n devices in a network,____ number of cable links required in a network (Summer
2017 1 Mark)
9. What is Internet? (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
10. What is Protocol? (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
11. What is the functionality of Switch device? (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
12. Major difference between LAN and WAN. (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
13. Define Throughput for computer networks(Winter 2016 1 Mark)
14. What is botnet? Explain in brief(Summer 2015 2 Marks)
15. What is client-server architecture? Discuss its merits and demerits.(Winter 2016 3 Marks)
16. What is topology? Explain star topology in brief.(Summer 2016 3 Marks)
17. What is network? Explain in brief about LAN and MAN.(Summer 2016 3 Marks)
 18. Define and explain following terms: (a) Delay (b) Throughput (c) Loss (Summer 2017 3
Marks)
19. Draw the reliable data transfer service model.(Winter 2016 4 Marks)
20. Explain following terms:(Summer 2016 4 Marks)
i. Processing Delay
ii. Transmission Delay
21. Draw the layered architecture of OSI reference model and write the at least two
services provided by each layer of the model. (Summer 2015 6 Marks)
22. What are the five layers in the Internet protocol stack? What are the principal
responsibilities of each of these layers?(Winter 2015 6 Marks)
23. Explain rdt2.0 with FSM diagram.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
24. Differentiate IP stack and OSI reference model.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
25. How encapsulation is helpful in data transmission? Explain with example on layered
architecture of computer networks.(Winter 2016 7 Marks)
26. Draw the layered architecture of TCP/IP model and write at least two services provided
by each layer of the model.(Summer 2016 7 Marks)
27. What is network topology? Explain different types of network topology (Summer 2017 7
Marks)
28. Explain following terms: (Summer 2015 8 Marks)
1) Processing Delay
2) Queuing Delay
3) Transmission Delay
4) Propagation
Unit 2: Application Layer
1. Briefly explain the working of SMTP. (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
2. Give an example of URL and explain its components. (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
3. What is the purpose of domain naming system (DNS)? (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
4. How DNS is useful in Internet? (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
5. Explain the movement of files between local and remote systems using FTP.(Winter
2016 4 Marks)
6. Explain HTTP GET and HTTP POST method in detail.(Summer 2016 4 Marks)
 7. What is HTTP? Differentiate its persistent and non-persistent types with request-response
behavior of HTTP.(Winter 2015 6 Marks)
8. Suppose datagrams are limited to 1,500 bytes (including header) between source Host A
and destination Host B. Assuming a 20-byte IP header, how many datagrams would be
required to send an MP3 consisting of 5 million bytes? Explain how you computed your
answer.(Summer 2015 4 Marks)
9. Consider the following HTTP message and answer the following questions: (Summer
2015 6 Marks)
1) Does browser request a non-persistent or a persistent connection?
2) Which is the (complete) URL of the document requested by the user?
3) Which HTML method is used to retrieve the requested URL?
10. What is HTTP? Explain with respect to persistent and non-persistent connections.(Winter
2016 7 Marks)
11. Discuss the DNS services in detail.(Winter 2016 7 Marks)
12. Consider the following HTTP message and answer the following questions:(Summer
2016 7 Marks)
i. From which browser URL is requested?
ii. Does browser request a non-persistent or a persistent connection?
iii. Which is the (complete) URL of the document requested by the user?
iv. Which HTML method is used to retrieve the requested URL?
13. Explain the high-level view of Internet e-mail system and its major components.(Winter
2015 8 Marks)
14. Why distributed database design is more preferred over centralized design to implement
DNS in the Internet? Justify. Also explain the way of DNS servers to handle the recursive
DNS query using suitable diagram. (Summer 2015 8 Marks)
15. Explain the working of electronic mail protocols SMTP, IMAP and POP3 in brief with
suitable diagram.(Summer 2015 8 Marks)
16. Explain the concept of Cookies and its components with suitable example.(Winter 2015 8
Marks)
Unit 3: Transport Layer
1. What is end-to-end delay? (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
2. UDP packets have fixed size header of ____ byte. (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
3. The transport layer is responsible for ________ delivery of packet. (Summer 2017 1
Mark)
4. SOCK_STREAM sockets are used by ______ processes(Summer 2016 1 Mark)
a. UDP c. TCP
b. IP d. HTTP
5. How many ports computer may have? (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
a. 1024 c. 1023
b. 65535 d. 65634
6. What are the issues of stop and wait protocol at transport layer? How selective repeat
protocol resolves issues of stop and wait protocol?(Summer 2016 3 Marks)
7. Explain connection less service of network layer.(Summer 2016 3 Marks)
8. Compare UDP and TCP. (Summer 2017 4 Marks)
9. How UDP checksum value is calculated? Explain with suitable example.(Summer 2016 4
Marks)
10. Suppose a process in Host C has a UDP socket with port number 6789. Suppose both
Host A and Host B each send a UDP segment to Host C with destination port number
6789. Will both of these segments be directed to the same socket at Host C? If so, how
will the process at Host C know that these two segments originated from two different
hosts?(Summer 2015 4 Marks)
11. How many packets overhead while doing the data communication using TCP? Draw the
TCP connection establishment and termination process with diagram.(Summer 2015
6Marks)
12. List and explain the services provided by the transport layer. (Summer 2017 7 Marks)
13. Explain connection establishment and connection release in Transport protocols (Summer
2017 7 Marks)
14. What is connection oriented and connectionless service? Explain each with
example.(Winter 2016 7 Marks)
15. Draw TCP Segment structure and justify the importance of its field values.(Summer 2016
7 Marks)
 16. The following is a dump of a UDP header in hexadecimal format.(Summer 2016 7
Marks)
CB84000D001C001C
i. What is the source port number?
ii. What is the destination port number?
iii. What is the total length of the user datagram?
iv. What is the length of the data?
17. Discuss transport layer multiplexing and Demultiplexing concept.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
18. What do you mean by congestion and overflow? Explain the slow-start component of the
TCP congestion-control algorithm.(Summer 2015 7 Marks)
19. Explain the TCP Segment structure and justify the importance of its field
values.(Summer 2015 7 Marks)
Unit 4: Network Layer
1. What is MAC and IP address? (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
2. Define tunneling. (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
3. What is subnet mask? (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
4. What is virtual circuit network? (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
5. Define the significance of traffic flooding in networks. (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
6. What is the Hamming distance? (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
7. Subnet mask 255.255.0.0 belongs to _________class (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
8. Define supernetting. (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
9. What is subnet address? (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
10. Define the significance of traffic flooding in networks. (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
11. Source to Destination delivery of packet is responsibility of ________ layer. (Summer
2016 1 Mark)
12. 10 subnet mask 255.0.0.0 belongs to _______ . (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
a. Class A c. Class C
b. Class B d. Class D
13. 11 _______ addresses are used in multicasting. (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
a. Class A c. Class D
b. Class B d. Class E
14. What is congestion? List the approaches congestion control.(Winter 2016 3 Marks)
15. What is a routing algorithm? List major types of it.(Winter 2016 3 Marks)
16. Explain Distance vector routing protocol.(Summer 2016 3 Marks)
17. What is proxy server? What are the benefits of caching proxy server?(Summer 2016 3
Marks)
18. How does NAT works? Explain. (Summer 2017 4 Marks)
19. Differentiate between Connection oriented and Connectionless services (Summer 2017 4
Marks)
20. Compare distance vector routing and link state routing algorithm. (Summer 2017 4
Marks)
21. List the classes in classful addressing. (Summer 2017 4 Marks)
22. Draw the IPV4 Datagram Format. (Winter 2016 4 Marks)
23. A network with bandwidth of 10 Mbps can pass only an average of 12,000 frames per
minute with each frame carrying an average of 10,000 bits. What is the throughput of this
network?(Summer 2016 4 Marks)
24. Difference between IPV4 and IPV6.(Summer 2016 4 Marks)
25. One of the addresses in a block is 17.63.110.114/24. Find the first address, and the last
address in the block.(Summer 2016 4 Marks)
26. Consider a router that interconnects three subnets: Subnet 1, Subnet 2, and Subnet 3.
Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix
223.1.17/24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support at least 60 interfaces,
Subnet 2 is to support at least 90 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support at least 12
interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these
constraints.(Winter 2015 4 Marks)
27. Suppose datagrams are limited to 1,500 bytes (including header) between source Host A
and destination Host B. Assuming a 20-byte IP header, how many datagrams would be
required to send an MP3 consisting of 5 million bytes? Explain how you computed your
answer. (Winter 2015 4 Marks)
28. Consider sending real-time voice from Host A to Host B over a packet-switched network
(VoIP). Host A converts analog voice to a digital 64 kbps bit stream on the fly. Host A
then groups the bits into 56-byte packets. There is one link between Hosts A and B; its
 Transmission rate is 2Mbps and its propagation delay is 10 msec. As soon as Host A
gathers a packet, it sends it to Host B. As soon as Host B receives an entire packet, it
converts the packet’s bits to an analog signal. How much time elapses from the time a bit
is created (from the original analog signal at Host A) until the bit is decoded (as part of
the analog signal at Host B)?(Summer 2015 4 Marks)
29. Consider a router that interconnects three subnets: Subnet 1, Subnet 2, and Subnet 3.
Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix
223.1.17/24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support at least 60 interfaces,
Subnet 2 is to support at least 90 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support at least 12
interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these
constraints.(Summer 2015 4 Marks)
30. Explain Link-State Routing algorithm(Winter 2015 6 Marks)
31. Explain Distance -Vector Routing algorithm (Winter 2015 6 Marks)
32. Draw and explain IPV4 datagram format in Detail (Summer 2017 7 Marks)
33. Explain distance Vector routing algorithm. (Summer 2017 7 Marks)
34. An organization is granted a block starting with 190.100.0.0 /16. The ISP wants to
distribute these addresses to three groups of customers as follows (Summer 2017 7
Marks)
a) The first group has 64 customers: each needs 256 addresses.
b) The second group has 128 customers: each needs 128 addresses.
c) The third group has 128 customers: each needs 64 addresses.
Design the sub blocks
35. An ISP is granted a block of addresses starting with 120.60.4.0/20. The ISP wants to
distribute these blocks to 100 organizations with each organization receiving 8 addresses
only. Design the subblocks and give the slash notation for each subblock. Find out how
many addresses are still available after these allocations.(Summer 2016 7 Marks)
36. What is routing loop? Discuss routing loop avoidance techniques.(Summer 2016 7
Marks)
37. Explain IPV4 datagram format and explain importance of each field.(Summer 2016 7
Marks)
38. Write a note on “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol”.(Summer 2016 7 Marks)
 39. What is the main difference between forwarding and routing? Explain at least two
forwarding techniques used by the router to switching to packets from input port to
output port of the router.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
40. Compare IPv4 and IPv6.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
41. Explain the working of Packet switched networks.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
42. What is DoS attack? Explain with categories.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
43. What is the main difference between forwarding and routing? Explain at least two
forwarding techniques used by the router to switching to packets from input port to
output port of the router.(Summer 2015 7 Marks)
44. Explain IPv4 datagram format and importance of each field.(Summer 2015 7 Marks)
45. Explain the Link-State (LS) routing algorithm.(Summer 2015 7 Marks)
46. Explain Distance-Vector (DV) routing algorithm.(Summer 2015 7 Marks)
47. Explain ARP and justify why ARP query sent within a broadcast frame and ARP
response sent within a frame with specific destination MAC address?(Summer 2015 7
Marks)
Unit 5: The Link layer and Local area networks
1. What is checksum in error detection method? (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
2. What is the purpose of preamble in Ethernet frame? (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
3. Discuss Half duplex with example. (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
4. What is framing? (Summer 2017 1 Mark)
5. What is Multiplexing in computer networks. (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
6. What is an Access Link? (Winter 2016 1 Mark)
7. Error detection at datalink layer is achieved by? (Summer 2016 1 Mark)
a. Bit stuffing c. Cyclic redundancy codes
b. Hamming code d. Equalization
8. Discuss the principles of reliable data transfer. (Summer 2017 3 Marks)
9. What is Multiplexing and Demultiplexing in computer networks. (Summer 2017 3
Marks)
10. Discuss the parity checks for error detection in data transfer. (Summer 2017 3 Marks)
11. Explain CRC with example. (Summer 2017 3 Marks)
12. Explain datagram approach (Summer 2017 3 Marks)
13. Discuss the parity checks for error detection in data transfer.(Winter 2016 3 Marks)
14. Explain CRC with example.(Winter 2016 3 Marks)
15. Draw and explain Ethernet header.(Summer 2016 3 Marks)
16. Differentiate broadcast and multicast with their functionalities. (Summer 2017 4 Marks)
17. Compare pure ALOHA and slotted ALOHA protocol. (Summer 2017 4 Marks)
18. How TDM and FDM are useful in channel partitioning?(Winter 2016 4 Marks)
19. Differentiate broadcast and multicast with their functionalities.(Winter 2016 4 Marks)
20. Write a short note on cyclic redundancy check.(Summer 2016 4 Marks)
21. Explain CSMA/CD Protocol(Winter 2015 4 Marks)
22. What do you mean by random access protocols? Explain slotted ALOHA in brief(Winter
2015 4 Marks)
23. Explain CSMA/CD protocol in detail. (Summer 2017 7 Marks)
24. List and explain the services provided by the link layer.(Winter 2016 7 Marks)
25. What is a virtual circuit network? How it differs from circuit switching network. Discuss
with example.(Winter 2016 7 Marks)
26. Explain slotted ALOHA protocol.(Winter 2016 7 Marks)
27. Explain Connectionless Transport protocol UDP with popular Internet
applications.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
28. Explain Ethernet Frame structure.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
29. What is bit and byte stuffing? Explain with example.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
30. Explain the self-Learning properties of link layer switches.(Winter 2015 7 Marks)
31. Explain slotted ALOHA channel access technique.(Summer 2015 7 Marks)
32. How pipeline approach improves the overall sender utilization time? Explain Go-Back- N
pipeline approach in transport layer.(Summer 2015 6 Marks)