Prof. Dr. L.C.M.

Itard
The Essentials, Part I
Energy Supply Systems for Buildings:

Photo Sun Emits a Solstice CME by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, CC BY 2.0
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ . Changes made by Rins Lindeman, 2020
 Prof. Dr. L.C.M. Itard
The Essentials, Part I
Energy Supply Systems for Buildings:

Photo Sun Emits a Solstice CME by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, CC BY 2.0
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ . Changes made by Rins Lindeman, 2020
 Energy Chain: From Supply to Demand
Resource
Emissions
depletion

Supply: Combustible
Primary energy renewables Electricity
Energy conversion
by burning
Combustible fossil
fuels
Storage &
Heat Energy demand
Non combustible Energy conversion distribution
fossil fuels (e.g. Nuclear)

Non combustible Energy conversion Cold

renewables (others)
Energy Chain and Delivery to the Building
HVAC

Primary Energy Conversion Efinal Conversion Edemand

outside building inside building
Gas Electricity
Gas
Efinal
Primary Energy Delivered to the building:
Total of resources used • Gas, oil, coal, biomass
• Gas, oil, coal, biomass • Electricity
• Hydrogen • Hydrogen
• Renewables • Heat or cold from a
district grid
CO2-eq emissions • Renewables
Conversion Systems for Heat
Heat
Electrical

Fuel burning Biomass boiler Home gas boiler

Electric shower Mobile electrical boiler Fireplace

Heat pump

Geothermal

Waste heat
Heat pump and boiler Geiser Geothermy Industrial waste heat

Solar
Solar water heating system
Conversion Systems for Cold
Heat Cold
Electrical Heat pump (=cooling
machine, chiller,
Fuel burning airco) Mobile air conditioner Air conditioner

Heat pump Evaporative cooling

(‘air cooler’)
Geothermal Portable cooler Mist machine

Waste heat Environmental cold:

Geothermal, river or
Solar air
Zambezi river Summer night
 Conversion Systems for Electricity (Power)
Electricity
Combustion engine
Turbine based
• Steam + Fuel burning Engine-generator Steam turbine Power plant Geothermy

• Steam + Nuclear
• Steam + Geothermy
• Gas

Turbine based
• Wind
• Hydro Wind turbine Hydroelectric power station Tidal energy station

Fuel cells (Hydrogen)

Photovoltaic
Others Fuel cell technology Photovoltaic cells
Conversion Systems
Photo Sun Emits a Solstice CME by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, CC BY 2.0
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ . Changes made by Rins Lindeman, 2020
Image Attribution
Electric shower
Title: Electric shower
Author: Alan-Cottey-W-M
License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Mobile electrical boiler
Title: Mobile heating boiler
Author: Der Cube
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Fireplace
Image 1464166 by
MamaVida from Pixabay
Biomass boiler
Title: HeatMaster SS G400
Author: Userdk
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Home gas boiler
Picture made by
Author, 2020
Solar water heating system Mobile air conditioner Summer night
Title: Direct solar water heating systems Title: Eco-friendly and mobile air conditioner and Title: Summer Night
Author: Jwhferguson dehumidifier with open ventilation, timer and Author: Nikolay Kondev
License: CC0 1.0 sleepmodus by Comfee License: CC0 1.0
Author: Marco Verch
Heat pump and boiler
License: CC BY 2.0 Engine-generator
Picture made by Air conditioner Title: Old Russian military engine-
Author, 2020 generator AB-2T/230-M3
Title: Air Conditioner
Author: Игоревич
Author: Opengrid scheduler
License: CC0 1.0
Geiser License: CC0 1.0
Title: Geiser Portable cooler Steam turbine
Author: www.haaijk.nl
Title: Portable Cooler Coolpresso Title: Stoomturbine in opbouw
License: CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Author: Samsung Newsroom Author: Siemens Pressebild
License: CC BY-NC-SA 2.0
Geothermy License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Geothermy, ImageBy
Mist machine
ThinkGeoEnergy on flickr. Title: sundial bridge - mist machine
Power plant
Author: Mik Scheper Power plant: Image 2411932 by
License: CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Benita5 from Pixabay
Industrial waste heat
Title: Coal power plant in Datteln
Zambezi river Wind turbine
Author: Arnold Paul cropped by Gralo
License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Title: Zambezi river, Chobe National Park, Wind turbine, Image 3043896
Botswana by www_slon_pics from
Author: Someone35 Pixabay
License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Image Attribution
Hydroelectric power Combustion
station
Title: Sir Adam Beck 1 & 2 generate 1.6GW of Title: Smoke from a fire
electricity for Ontario. The amazing concrete Author: Tomasz Sienicki
structure has a beauty all its own
License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Author: Peter Rood
License: CC BY-SA 2.0

Tidal energy station

Title: The RivGen® Power System
Author: Igiugig Village Council and ORPC
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-
sa/4.0/deed.en

Photovoltaic cells
Picture made by
Author, 2020

Fuel cell technology

Title: Cool Fuel Cell Tech
Author: U.S. Department of Energy
License: United States government