Sant'Eustachio [santeuˈstaːkjo] is a Roman Catholic titular church and minor basilica in Rome, named for

the martyr Saint Eustace. It is located on Via di Sant'Eustachio in the rione Sant'Eustachio, a block west
of the Pantheon and via della Rotonda, and a block east of Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza and the Via della
Dogana Vecchia.

Contents

1 History

2 Facade

3 Interior

4 Right side

5 Left side

6 List of titulars (cardinal deacons)

7 Notes

8 Sources

9 External links

History

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A church at the site was founded by the 8th century. The church was recorded as a diaconia (a centre for
helping the poor and the sick) at the end of the pontificate of Pope Gregory II (715-731). It is mentioned
in some documents dating from the 10th and 11th centuries, where this church is called in platana
(between the plane trees) referring to the tree planted in the garden of the martyr Eustace. However,
tradition holds that the emperor Constantine I had previously built an oratory here. This church was
called "ad Pantheon in regione nona e iuxta templum Agrippae" (at the Pantheon in the ninth rione and
next to the temple of Agrippa").

The church was restored and had a new campanile added at the end of the 12th century during the
pontificate of Celestine III (1191–1198), who also deposited the putative relics of Eustace and his family
in the church.[1][2] In the 16th century, it was a favored praying-place for St Philip Neri. In the 17th and
18th centuries it was almost completely rebuilt, with only the campanile remaining from the old
structure. The new design, in the Roman Baroque style, was produced by several architects : Cesare
Corvara and Giovanni Battista Contini (1641–1723), who added chapels and the portico, Antonio
Canevari (1681–1750), Nicola Salvi (1697–1751) and finally, from 1728, Giovanni Domenico Navone. The
new high altar, in bronze and polychrome marble, was added by Nicola Salvi in 1739 and in 1749
Ferdinando Fuga put a baldachin over it. The choir and the sacristy were designed by Canevari and built
by Giovanni Moscati.
The church was elevated to minor basilica status in 1918.[3]

Facade

Campanile and the pediment with a deer head with a cross between the antlers

The facade was built under the direction of Cesare Corvara († 1703) with the collaboration of other
architects. It consists of two sections, with the upper section standing back. The lower part is marked
with four pilasters and two columns, all with Ionic capitals with in the middle of each capital a small
head of a deer. The spirals of the volutes are connected by a small laurel wreath. On the right side of the
facade a plaque was placed in memory of the flood of the Tiber River in 1495, whose waters reached up
to the basilica.

The top section is divided by four pilasters with on each side a large volute. In the middle is a large
window with an arcuated cornice, flanked on each side by a niche adorned with shells. On top is a
triangular pediment with in its middle a circular window surrounded with palm branches and
surmounted by a crown. On top of the pediment stands a deer head with a cross between the antlers
(done by the sculptor Paolo Morelli († 1719), in reference to the legend of Saint Eustace.

An iron gate, made by Gian Battista Contini, closes off the porch.

The square Romanesque campanile is situated on the back of the church at its left side. Construction
was started in 1196 under the pontificate of Pope Celestine III. The top part can be dated back to the
end of the 12th century, while the base is somewhat older and can be dated at ca. 1090.

Interior

The interior has a cruciform architectural plan and consists of a single nave. Its construction was carried
out in mature Baroque style under the supervision of the architects Cesare Corvara and Antonio
Canevari. The nave is marked on each side by three pilasters resting on a broad base. The pilasters are
decked with fluted white marble and surmounted by composite capitals.

The main altar

The rib vault is stuccoed with flowers and leaves. The crossing is covered with a dome with a
representation of the Holy Spirit in its middle.

The main altar was commissioned by Cardinal Neri Corsini and designed by the architect Nicola Salvi. He
made it into an elegant and refined synthesis of marble and gilded metal. The top of the altar rests on
an urn in porphyry rosso antico, the costly stone of the ancients, that contains the putative relics of
Saint Eustace. The altarpiece was painted in 1727 by Francesco Ferdinandi (1679–1740), also named
"l'Imperiali". It represents the martyrdom of Saint Eustace and his family who were roasted to death
inside a bronze statue of a bull or an ox, in the year AD 118. The gilded wooden baldachin (circa 1746)
over the main altar is attributed to Ferdinando Fuga (1699–1781).

The rear of the church is almost completely covered with the organ, made by Johann Conrad Werle in
1767. The gilded balustrade and the wooden front of the organ were executed in Rococo style by
Bernardino Mammucari, Francesco Michetti and Carlo Pacilli. Above the organ stands a glass window
representing "the Penitent Magdalene", realized in the last decade of the 19th century by Gabriel and
Louis Gesta di Tolosa.

The pulpit was executed in polychrome marble and dates from 1937.

Right side

"The Annunciation" by Ottavio Lioni

The Chapel of the Holy Family dates from 1854. The altarpiece by Pietro Gagliardi (1809–1890)
represent the Holy Family in Jerusalem. On the right wall is a white marble funeral monument with the
bust of Luigi Greppi († 1673), an illustrious member of the Confraternity of the Holy Sacrament. On the
left side of the altar stands a small statue of Saint Raymond Nonnatus, who, according to his
hagiography, was nominated Cardinal-Deacon of Sant' Eustachio by pope Gregory IX in 1239, but died en
route to Rome.

The Chapel of the Annunciation : its decoration was finished in 1874. Above the 17th-century altar stand
two columns of coralline breccia that support a broken pediment with a bass-relief in stucco
representing the Virgin and Child. The altarpiece by Ottavio Leoni (or Lioni) (1578–1630) represents the
Annunciation.

The Chapel of the Sacred Heart was restored between 1934 and 1937 by Corrado Mezzana (1890–1952),
who also added the altarpiece representing the Sacred Heart of Jesus, on the left wall, the painting "The
Last Supper" and on the right wall the painting "Christ on the Cross and Saint Longinus piercing his
Heart".

The right transept contains the paintings made by Jacopo Zoboli (1682–1751) in 1737. On the left wall
hangs the large painting of "Saint Jerome" and in front "The meeting between the Holy Virgin and
Elisabeth". The large wooden confessionals were made by Corrado Mezzana.

Left side

"Saint Julian the Hospitaler" by Biagio Puccini

Baptistery lies next to the entrance of the church. The glass window represents "The Baptism of Jesus".
The baptismal font dates from the 16th century.
The Chapel of Saint Julian the Hospitaller was renovated from 1706. The altarpiece by Biagio Puccini
(1675–1721) shows the saint curing a leper and welcoming an old pilgrim. The fresco on the ceiling
represents "The Eternal Father"

The Chapel of the Archangel Michael is the largest chapel of this church. It was finished between 1716
and 1719 by Alessandro Speroni. The altarpiece by Giovanni Bigatti (1774–1817) is a dramatic rendering
of the Archangel Michael triumphing over Satan. Next to the altar hang two paintings : St Raymond
Nonnatus and St Frances of Rome. On the left wall is the funeral monument of Teresa Tognoli Canale
(1807) and on the right wall the funeral monument by Lorenzo Ottoni (1658–1736) of Silvio Cavalleri (†
1717), private secretary to the popes Innocent XII and Clement XI.

The Chapel of the Immaculate Heart of Mary was renovated from 1771 on by the architect Melchiorre
Passalacqua and around 1800 by the sculptor Agostino Penna. Next to the altar stand two marble
columns in "verde antico" that support a tympanum with two angels in stucco. The oval painting of the
Immaculate Heart of Mary is a copy made in 1848 from the original painting by Giovanni Battista
Casanova. On the left wall hangs a painting by Étienne de La Vallée Poussin (1774) representing "The
Flight to Egypt". The painting on the right is "The Holy Family" (1774) by Tommaso Conca († 1815). The
fresco on the ceiling renders "The Annunciation".

The left transept contains the statue of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (second half of the 20th century).

The Chapel of the Crucifix contains the tomb of don Pirro Scavizzi (1884–1964), the parish priest of this
church between 1919 and 1932, whose beatification is under consideration.