DESIGN OF PROPPING

SEC 2-2
LOADING CONDITIONS SECTION PROPERTIES
Load factor for earth pressure loads F.O.S. 1.4 Pipe outside diameter (mm) Do

Load factor for thermal forces 1.2 Pipe Wall Thickness (mm) t

Angle of strut with wall in horizontal plane (kN) Ө Section Area (mm²) A

Maximum Temperature difference (∆T) 20 Length (m) L

Modulus of Elasticity, E (kN/m²) 210,000 Strut Spacing (m) S

Deflection due to self weight = 5wL²/384EI ∆ Moment of Inertia (mm4) = πD^4 / 64 I

Bending Moment due to eccentricity = ∆ x Fu M∆ Radius of Gyration (m) = I/A^½ r

Bending Moment due to self weight = wL²/8 Mw Slenderness Ratio = L/r λ

Ultimate Bending Moment = M∆ + Mw Mu Section Modulus (mm³) = I/(D/2) Z

Coefficient of Thermal expansion, α 1.20E-05 Pipe self weight (kN/m) =A x Density of Steel w

Stress due to Thermal Difference, δ∆ = ∆TxαxE 50.40 Pipe Yield strength (N/mm²) S 460

Maximum Force (kN/m) Fs Design Stress (BS 5950-1:2000 Table24/5) δb

Ultimate Force (kN/m) = F.O.S. x Fs Fu Permissible Design Stress (δb), N/mm² δu
Ultimate Strut Force (kN) = Fu x S Pu Applied Stress (N/mm²) δ

Prop Fs Fu Pipe Do t Өº s L A I r
(kN/m) (kN/m) no. (mm) (mm) (degrees) (m) (m) (mm²) (mm4) (mm)

BU1 591.90 828.66 1 762 25.40 32 7.50 17.00 58,778 3.99E+09 260.58

PROP λ z Pu M∆ Mw Mu δΔ δ δu δ < δu
(mm³) (kN) (kN.m) (kN.m) (kN.m) (N/mm²) (N/mm²) (N/mm²)

BU1 65.24 1.05E+11 7329 16.57 163.50 180.07 50.40 175.08 276.97 OK

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 Analysis and design of struts @ -10 m
1- Analysis of strut for getting axial forces:

Horizontal prop force= 456 KN/m

Carried distance= 6.888 m
Vertical reaction= 3137 KN
Inclined reaction at 53⁰ Strut axial force= 5213 KN

2- Analysis of strut for getting moments:

Use section CHS 762 x 25 grade 355 for main struts
WT per meter= 4.61 KN/m2
Main strut length= 17.2 m
Moment due to self weight= 170 KN.m
Deflection due to self weight=

W 4.61 KN/m
L 17.1 m
E 2.10E+08 KN/m2
I 4.00E-03 m4
1.52E-06 m
Moment due to ecentricity= 7.92E-03 KN.m
Additional moment 5% Axial force= 261 KN.m

Total moment= 431 KN.m

2-Design strut member:

 2-1 Main strut :
Factored Compression force= 7299 KN
Factored moments= 604 KN.m
Factor of saftey [ɣf] = 1.4 BS-5950 part-1 2000
Use CHS 762 x 25 x 454 kg/m
D= 965 mm I= 779759 cm4

t= 23.8 mm r= 33.3 cm4

Ag= 704 cm2 Zeff= 16161 cm

D/t= 41 mm/mm S= 21088 cm3

Grade= 355 N/mm2 L= 17.1 m

2-1-1 Cross section capacity

Axial compression load[Fc]= 7299 KN

Gross cross-sectional[Ag]= 704 cm2
Design strength of steel[Py]= 355 N/mm2
Applied moment[Mx]= 604 KN.m
Moment capacity[Mcx]= 5737 KN.m
RATIO= 0.45 < 1 OK

2-1-2 Buckling resistance check

 selenderness ratio[λ]= 66
From table 24a - BS 5950-Part1-2000[Values of pc in N/mm2 with ratio < 110 for strut curve]

Allowable stress for buckling

resistance= 282 N/mm2
Compression resistance[PC]= 19852.8 KN
equivalent uniform moment
factor= 0.95 From table 26 BS 5950-1
Ratio= 0.47 < 1 OK

2-1-3 Check for thermal expansion stress:

σ = [E] x [α] x [ ∆T]

α : thermal expansion coefficient 12.00 E-06

∆T: Temperature change 15
σ : Stress due to temperature change
E : Modulus of elasticity 2.10 E+08

σ= 37.8 N/mm2
Stress due to internal forces= 181 N/mm2
Total stress= 219 < 355 OK