Course Title: Air Cargo and Ground Handling Services

Resource Person: Amna Hafeez

Name: Ali Haider
Student ID: S2019001035

Explain Three Types of Air Freight Carriers

Passengers Airline Freight: More than 130 passenger aircraft have been modified to transport
air cargo, according to cargo facts study, allowing airlines to pivot to meet the demands of the
struggling cargo industry.
When an item is sent on your flight, it is frequently combined with other items and freight and
packaged into special containers that fit under the passenger compartment. A Boeing 747-400
s can, for example, carry 416 people and 5,330 cubic feet (150 m3) of cargo. That's
approximately as much goods as two semi-truck trailers can hold. The majority of the cargo is
housed in special containers that are designed to fit into the cargo hold. Some of the cargo is also
loaded into pallets, and loose objects are placed in any remaining free places. The 747-400 may
also be equipped in "Combi" mode, which allows part of the passenger area to be utilised for
freight storage. The plane can transport 266 people and over 10,000 cubic feet (283 m3) of cargo
in this configuration.
All-Cargo: there are two types of cargo that are mentioned as:
General Cargo: Items that do not fall within the Additional Cargo categories and do not require
any special precautions or treatment during air shipment are classified as general cargo. Retail
and most consumer products , dry goods, hardware, textiles, and other commodities fall under
this category. Consider your typical household items; the vast majority of them would fall within
the general cargo section. Shipping of Dry Goods in General Textiles, retail or consumer
products, equipment and hardware, electronics, and other objects that do not contain liquid are
examples of dry goods.

Special Cargo: It get even more tricky when it comes to special cargo. Special cargo are
commodities that, owing to their structure, weight, size, and/or value, may have unique packing,
labelling, paperwork, and transportation chain management requirements. Specific procedures
must be observed when preparing, offering, receiving, and managing this cargo in order for it to
be transported. IATA has three boards that manage the standards and guidance related to the
transport of these products: the Dangerous Goods Board (DGB), the Time and Temperature
Working Group (TTWG), and the Live Animals and Perishables Board (LAPB). These boards
ensure that there are globally harmonised standards that ensure the safe and convenient transport
of these products..
1. Temperature Controlled
2. Hazardous Material/Dangerous Goods
3. Heavy weight and over dimensional freight
4. Live Animals
5. High Value/Fragile Items
6. Human Remains/Organs/Tissue Samples
Integrated Express Carriers: 
. Integrated express cargo handlers have gained advantage over other types of airlines because of
the ability to ‘own’ the customers as they provide transport services for goods at local specific
areas (door-to-door). In essence, they have been able to come into contact with the customer
more than other types of airlines in a specific coverage area. These carriers will move your cargo
from the door at point A to the door at point B. They will pick-up your shipment from origin via
truck, fly it to it’s destination terminal, then deliver it to the destination via truck. UPS, FedEx
Express, and DHL are among of the most well-known integrated express services in North
America   These carriers rely significantly on their air freight hubs, which unload freight, sort it
by route, and load it into the right departure aircraft using automated sorting. This method
enables for short turnaround times and a wide range of delivery options.
The Key Players in Commercial Aircraft Manufacturing

With their big brands, Boeing's 7-series and Airbus's A-series of planes, Airbus and
Boeing, the worlds largest only world's most significant passenger plane manufacturers,
dominate the airline supply sector. The two businesses have nearly complete control of
the global aeroplane supply market for big commercial aeroplanes, including narrow-
body, wide-body, and jumbo jets. However, a few additional businesses are involved in
different areas of the aerospace industry, albeit to a smaller extent:

 • Bombardier, located in Canada, and Embraer, a Brazilian aircraft manufacturer, are

competitors in the regional and business aviation market, specialising on smaller-sized
jets.
 Competing with Boeing and Airbus is challenging on a worldwide basis. Other firms, on
the other hand, are able to exploit a gap in commercial aviation on a regional level, or at
at the very least, make an effort to do so.

Emerging airline manufacturers includes Comac in China, Mitsubishi in Japan, and UAC
in Russia, in contrast to the more established Bombardier and Embraer. Comac and UAC
have formed a joint venture to develop a bunch of new wide-body planes that they
believe could one day challenge Airbus and Boeing's supremacy in the large-jet market.
In the military aircraft industry, Boeing and Airbus have a substantial market share,
notably in the United States, where they compete with Lockheed Martin and United
Technologies. Government contracts account for over half of Boeing's income.